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Working and Writing in Teams Module Eighteen McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Learning Objectives LO 18-1 Identify message types for the group’s attention LO 18-2 Classify roles for group members LO 18-3 Apply strategies for leadership without arrogance LO 18-4 Apply strategies for conflict resolution LO 18-5 Apply strategies for co-authorship of documents 18-2 Possible Group Ground Rules 18-3 What kinds of messages should groups attend to? Informational Focus on the problem or challenge, data, and possible solutions Procedural Focus on methods and process Interpersonal Focus on people, promoting friendliness, cooperation, and group loyalty 18-4 Stages of Group Development Orientation Members meet and begin to define their task develop social cohesiveness Formation Members choose a leader and define the problem 18-5 Stages of Group Development Coordination Members most of the work; the longest phase Formalization Members seek consensus 18-6 What roles people play in groups? 18-7 What roles people play in groups? Encouraging Participation Relieving Tensions Checking Feelings Solving Interpersonal Problems Listening Actively 18-8 What roles people play in groups? 18-9 Leadership in Groups Informational leaders generate and evaluate ideas and text Interpersonal leaders monitor the group’s process, check people’s feelings, and resolve conflicts 18-10 Leadership in Groups Procedural leaders set the agenda, make sure that everyone knows what’s due for the next meeting, communicate with absent group members, and check to be sure that assignments are carried out 18-11 Characteristics of Successful Student Groups The leader sets clear deadlines, scheduled frequent meetings, and dealt directly with conflict that emerged in the group Listens to criticism and makes important decisions together Has a higher proportion of members who work actively on projects 18-12 Leading Without Being Arrogant 18-13 Peer Pressure and Groupthink Groupthink The tendency for groups to put such a high premium on agreement that they directly or indirectly punish dissent 18-14 Peer Pressure and Groupthink The best correctives to groupthink are to Consciously search for additional alternatives Test assumptions against those of a range of other people Encourage disagreement Protect the right of people in a group to disagree 18-15 How should we handle conflict? Make responsibilities and ground rules clear at the beginning Discuss problems as they arise Realize that group members are not responsible for each others’ happiness 18-16 Troubleshooting Group Problems 18-17 How should we handle conflict? Make sure that the people involved really disagree Check to see that everyone’s information is correct Discover the needs each person is trying to meet Search for alternatives Repair bad feelings 18-18 To Respond to Criticism Paraphrase Check for feelings Check for inferences Buy time with limited agreement 18-19 How can we create the best coauthored documents? Make your analysis of the problem, the audience, and your purposes explicit Plan the organization, format, and style of the document before anyone begins to write Consider your work styles and other commitments Build some leeway into your deadlines 18-20 How can we create the best coauthored documents? Allow time to discuss problems and find solutions Get to know group members Be a responsible group member Be aware of differences in seeing things and expressing ideas Don’t assume that because the discussion went smoothly, a draft written by one person will necessarily be acceptable 18-21
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