Business communication building critical skill 6th module003

Communicating across Cultures Module Three McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2014 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Learning Objectives LO 3-1 Define culture through context LO 3-2 Compare and contrast dimensions of culture LO 3-3 Apply strategies for international communication success LO 3-4 Identify differences among generations LO 3-5 Apply strategies for workplace discrimination solutions LO 3-6 Apply strategies for bias-free documents 3-2 Diversity in the Workplace 3-3 Diversity in the Workplace  Valuing diversity is good business as well as good social practice  Ethnically diverse teams produce more and higher-quality ideas 3-4 What is “culture”?  High-Context Cultures  Most information is inferred from the context of a message  Little is “spelled out.”  Examples: Japanese, Arabic, and Latin American cultures 3-5 What is “culture”?  Low-Context Cultures  Context is less important than words  Most information is explicitly spelled out  Examples: German, Scandinavian, and dominant U.S cultures 3-6 Views of Communication in High- and Low-Context Cultures 3-7 How does culture affect business communication?  Culture influences every single aspect of business communication:  how to show politeness and respect  how much information to give,  how to motivate people 3-8 Dimensions of Culture 3-9 Cultural Contrasts in Motivation 3-10 Cultural Contrasts in Business Introductions 3-17 Cultural Contrasts in Written Persuasive Documents 3-18 There are so many different cultures! How can I know enough to communicate?  Being aware that values and behaviors are influenced by culture  Being flexible  Being sensitive  Being aware of the others’ values, beliefs, and practices  Being sensitive to differences among individuals 3-19 Are differences among generations changing the workplace and how we communicate?  Millennials’ strengths include       Optimism Confidence Enthusiasm Organization Goal Orientation Technology use 3-20 Are differences among generations changing the workplace and how we communicate?  Read often to enhance literacy  Edit for grammar and proofread for spelling  Avoid e-mail abbreviations in business correspondence  Use the appropriate tone, format, and language  Build common ground when negotiating  Find a mentor or role model 3-21 Dealing with Discrimination  Successfully handling discrimination means understanding the situation and your options:     Not everything is discrimination Decide on a strategy Chart your own path Take the high road 3-22 How can I make my documents bias-free?  Bias-free language  language that does not discriminate against people on the basis of sex, physical condition, race, age, or any other category  Bias-free language is fair and friendly and complies with the law 3-23 Making Language Nonsexist  Nonsexist language treats both sexes neutrally  Check to be sure your writing is free from sexism in four areas:  words and phrases, job titles, pronouns, and courtesy titles 3-24 Getting Rid of Sexist Terms and Phrases 3-25 Making Language Nonsexist  Use neutral titles which not imply that a job is held only by men or only by women  When you write about a specific person, use the appropriate gender pronouns 3-26 Making Language Nonsexist  Business writing uses four ways to eliminate sexist generic pronouns  use plurals, use second-person you, revise the sentence to omit the pronoun, and use pronoun pairs 3-27 Making Language Nonracist and Nonagist  Language is nonracist and nonagist when it treats all races and ages fairly, avoiding negative stereotypes of any group 3-28 Making Language Nonracist and Nonagist  Give someone’s race or age only if it is relevant to your story  Refer to a group by the term it prefers As preferences change, change your usage  Avoid terms that suggest that competent people are unusual 3-29 Talking about People with Disabilities and Diseases  People-first language focuses on the person, not the condition  Avoid negative terms, unless the audience prefers them 3-30 Choosing Bias-Free Photos and Illustrations  When you produce a document with photographs or illustrations, check the visuals for possible bias  Do they show people of both sexes and all races? Is there a sprinkling of various kinds of people  Check relationships and authority figures as well as numbers 3-31 ... cultures 3-6 Views of Communication in High- and Low-Context Cultures 3-7 How does culture affect business communication?  Culture influences every single aspect of business communication:  how... Culture 3-9 Cultural Contrasts in Motivation 3-10 How does culture affect business communication?  Nonverbal communication  communication that doesn’t use words—takes place all the time  Body language,... 3-13 How does culture affect business communication?  Monochronic cultures  treat time as a resource  Polychronic cultures  emphasize relationships 3-14 Oral Communication  Conversational