Com WRITING 2 VB 2 LTBVY WEEK 12 13

UNIT 7: NARRATIVE PARAGRAPHS Lesson aims: On completion of this unit, students will be able to  be aware of the role of narrating skill in real communication  get knowledge of the typical features of a narrative writing in terms of organization and language  know how to write an effective narration Lesson focuses:  Definition and usages  Descriptive organization  Language features Time allocation table: periods Order Contents Time Description and usages 1st to nd period Descriptive organization Languages features 2nd period to 3rd period Practice 4th period 7.1 Theory and controlled practice 7.1.1 What is a narration? ([1], p 122 &[2], p 65) Activity 1: Listen to the story and the following Step 1: Answer the questions What were the names of the two main characters? Where did they live? How were they related to each other? What did the girl say to the man? How did the man reply to her? Why? What did he after that? What happened to the man then? What did he decide to after all? Could he what he wanted to? Why? 10 What lesson you think you can learn from the story? Step 2: Use the information from the answers to write a complete story in your own style Step 3: Share the story with your peers for comparison Then state how your story is similar to or different from theirs Activity 2: Discuss these questions: What is a narrative writing? In what ways is a narrative paragraph similar to and different from a descriptive paragraph? What kinds of texts you have ever read in the real life you think are of narration? What could be the situations in which you are supposed to narrate? 7.1.2 Narrative organization ([1], pp 126-127 & [2], p 65) Activity 3: Read the paragraph below and answer the questions Which is the topic sentence? What information appears in the topic sentence? How is the paragraph developed? a By telling a story b By giving reasons c By describing an objects with details Which sentences give specific information about the topic? What does sentence do? a It gives details about the topic sentence b It tells the reader when and where the event happened c It lets the reader know that the paragraph will talk about UFOs Is sentence 11 the concluding sentence? What does the concluding function in this paragraph? a Wrap up the story b Include a comment about how the writer felt after the event c Mention the outcome of the event Activity 4: The following groups of sentences belong to a story Arrange them in a logical order so as to make a meaningful narrative paragraph (a) (b) (c) (d) Activity 5: Identify each of the four parts in the following paragraphs The Best Hamburger of My Life When I was thirteen years old, I had a great surprise at the Grand Hotel in Toronto My favorite soccer was visiting from Mexico, so I went to the hotel to get autographs from some of the players When I got there, I waited outside for a long time because I was very nervous Finally, I told my legs to start moving, and I went up to my favorite striker, Sergio Verdirame, and asked for his autograph My voice was trembling, but it controlled it He stopped to listen to me, and then an amazing thing happened He invited me to his table for dinner I could not believe it! Suddenly, I was sitting across the table from Sergio Verdirame! I ordered a big hamburger with everything on it except onions When the food came, my hands were shaking, and I could not eat or talk After a while, I took a deep breath and said to myself, “Hey, this happens just once in your life.” I got rid of my nerves and started talking with the team and enjoying my hamburger They were really great guys, and we had a good time laughing and joking together That was the most delicious hamburger I ever ate in my life because I was eating it with my idol An Accident at the School Gym At 10:15 am on Friday 23rd March there was an incident in which a student sustained a minor injury The student was participating in a gymnastics class involving a series of floor exercises During an attempt at backward rolls, the student strained her neck slightly Following the assessment of the injury by the supervising teacher, the student was taken to hospital, where the injury was diagnosed as minor neck strain The medical officer on duty advised the student that she would be fit to return to school the next day 7.1.3 Language Features Activity 6: Read the two paragraphs above again and then state: What factors you think a narration needs to acquire so as to be interesting to the reader What the typical language features of a narration are, in terms of parts of speech, sentence structure, verb tenses, pattern of organization and transitions How the first paragraph similar to and different from the second one in terms of organization and language features 7.1.3.1 Using sensory and Emotional Details ([1], pp 132-133)  Sensory details give information about how something looks, smells, tastes, feels or what it sounds like Ex: My teeth chattering and my legs felt like jelly The morning sun warmed my back  Emotional details help the reader understand the writer’s feelings Ex: Suddenly, my fear vanished, and I felt confident as I looked out at the crowd The sight filled me with excitement Activity 7: Read the sentences below Write an S next to the sentences that have sensory details Write an E next to the sentences that have emotional details The morning mist brought in the smell of the ocean We were very nervous, so we called the police I had never felt such happiness The dates were sticky and sweet, and they were a delicious compliment to the hot, bitter tea Ricky and I arrived around 8:00, and we were happy to be home 6 The news left us saddened and worried about the future I felt a sharp pain in my ankle, and I recognized the sting of a jelly fish We could hear the roar of the waterfall for a long time before we actually saw it I was shocked and disappointed by the results 10 My mother always smelled like flowery perfume Activity 8: Find and underline all the groups of words that you think are of sensory or emotional details in the paragraphs of activity Activity 9: Support the following sentences with either sensory details or emotional details Sensory details Example: Our guide had an interesting fashion sense He wore the same khaki pants every day, but his shirts always had colorful patterns of flowers, dancers, or other tropical scenes We ate a wonderful meal The flower garden was delightful My father taught me to swim in a river behind my house My mother’s kitchen was everyone’s favorite room His house has not been taken care of for many years and it is now in a poor condition Emotional details Example: I would like to forget my first job interview I was so nervous; my hands were wet and so was my shirt I met my girl- friend on the Internet At first, I did not like the new puppy, but after a while I changed my mind I began to walk down the aisle towards my future husband I walked into the cold dark cave 10 The test was over, and I had earned the highest score 7.1.3.2 Using adverbials of sequence and time ([1], p 134) Showing order of events Adverbs Adverbial phrases Adverbial conjunctions Next, then, later, afterwards, At first, at last, a little while Before, after, until, once finally, eventually, later (+clause) subsequently, for a minute, hour, day, etc., No sooner… than…/ first, second, etc during the morning, day, hardly….when… previously, soon, week, etc immediately before, after (+noun) Showing simultaneous events Adverbs Meanwhile, concurrently, simultaneously, Adverbial phrases At the same time, in the meantime, during, Adverbial conjunctions At the same time that…, while, when, Activity 10: Underline all of the adverbials in three paragraphs above Then write S( for sequence) and SE ( for simultaneous events) above the underlined word(s) Activity 11: Arrange the following sentences in the order you think they occurred Use the sequence words and phrases as clues A few years ago, my two brothers and I went trekking in the mountains Finally, I found the muddy trail, and we made it back to our base camp Soon we were hiking through thick pine forests We set out from our base camp on a bright winter morning After that experience, I realized it is very important to be careful when hiking in the mountains A little while later, we stopped to eat, any my oldest brother said we should turn around because we were losing trail in the snow Eventually, it began to snow, and the visibility became poor Going back down the mountain was harder because it was icy and slippery, and we could not find the way We became tired, cold and thirsty 7.1.3.3 Using past tenses ([1], pp 136-140) Activity 12: Complete the sentences with either simple past or past continuous form of the given words I …….(talk) to my friend while the teacher …… (explain) the grammar, so I …… (understand) it I…… (live) in Paris when I…….(have) a terrible car accident I…… (work) on my paper and…….(watch) the game when he…….(called) When we……(arrive) home, a stranger…….(stand) in the doorway In those days, I………(work) and (go) to school, so I…….(have) much free time Activity 13: There are nine mistakes in the following paragraph Find and correct them When I was a university student about two years ago, I enrolled in a scuba diving course My scuba diving teacher was having a big surprise: I wasn’t knowing how to swim In fact, I had a big fear of water When I was a child, my parents tried to help me, so they made me take many swimming courses Although I try hard, I did not learning to swim When I enrolled in the scuba diving course, I was still afraid of water Every day when I entered the swimming pool, I battled with my fear Fortunately, my courage won every time Finally, one day while I practicing my dive, I realized that I was very well So, finally, after six months of hard work, I completed the course It is true that I was always the worst of the group, but in my own evaluation, I was a champion because I conquer my fear of water For me, this experience was very important It was a test of courage, and I passed it 7.2 Writing and Editing Activity 1: Write a short paragraph about an experience that you cannot forget Activity 2: Exchange your paragraph with a partner for evaluation and edition, using the editing form  HOME WORK Improve your writing, based on the peer and teacher feedback Reference: [1]Savage.A.& Shafield, M Effective Academic Writing 1: The Paragraph Oxford University Press 2007 [2] Zemach, E.D & Islam C Paragraph Writing: from sentence to paragraph McMillan 2005 UNIT 8: PROCESS PARAGRAPHS Lesson aims: On completion of this unit, students will  be aware of the role of process in real-life communication  get knowledge of the typical features of a narrative writing, in terms of language and organization  be able to write an effective narration Lesson focuses:  Definition  Descriptive organization  Language features Time allocation table: periods Order Contents Time Definition of process writing 1st period to 2nd period Process organization Language features 2nd period to 3rd period Practice 3rd and 4th period 8.1 Theory and controlled practice Activity 1: Look at the picture and then answer the questions What about writing does the picture imply? Why you think so? Is the man working smoothly? What you think the man should in order to work more effectively? 8.1.1 What is a process writing ([1], p.76) Activity 1: Read the paragraph below and then state what you think a process paragraph is The Writing Process (1)The writing process has four distinct phases (2) The first is invention, which is aided by any number of techniques, including free-writing, mind-mapping and outlining (3) In this first stage, it is important for a writer not to edit but to let ideas flow and to simply get them down on paper (4) After invention, comes the first draft- the stage where the ideas start to take shape (5) Many writers use a sentence outline at this stage to see where they need to cut and where they need to add material (6) The first draft is also where the writers should develop a tentative thesis to guide the structure of their essay (6) The next stage of the process is when both the second and third draft are done (7) Here, ideas and structure are refined, and the thesis is revised until it becomes the unifying idea of the paper (8) Finally, comes the last stage, that of editing (9) Writers should take care at this stage that all sentence structure and punctuation is correct, and they should make corrections to documentation format as needed (10) Writers often repeat these four phases more than once, or skip a phase and go back to it, making the writing process more cyclical than linear Activity 2: Think of the situations in which you could be exposed to instructions or give the instructions Give examples 8.1.2 Process organization ([1], pp 80-81) Activity 3: Examine the paragraph above Then answer the following questions Which one is the topic sentence? What does the topic sentence state? How many steps is the process composed of? Underline the sentences that introduce those steps Which sentences in the paragraph describe or explain the process? Underline the concluding sentence Which of the following best describe the concluding sentence? a It is a suggestion on how to take the writing process properly b It tells the expected results of the process c It is a summary of the main steps d It restates the topic sentence Activity 4: Fill in the form below with information from the paragraph Topic sentence (1) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting sentences: (phrases) Step 1(1) : …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting details (3): (phrase or key words only) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting sentences: (phrases) Step 2(4) : …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting details (5): (phrase or key words only) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting sentences: (phrases) Step 3(6) : …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting details (7): (phrase or key words only) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting sentences: (phrases) Step 4(9) : …………………………………………………………………………………………… Supporting details (9): (phrase or key words only) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… Concluding sentence (10) …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… The Secret to a Successful Vacation Imagine that you are on vacation at the beach, and you open your suitcase to discover that you have forgotten your swimsuit! This and other disasters and inconveniences can be avoided if you follow certain steps when packing your suitcase The first step is to review your travel plans and activities Make a list and save it so that you can check your items before you leave Next, gather the items you will need for your activities Remove any item that is not necessary Try to mix and match fewer pieces of clothing and shoes by choosing a color or colors that match Third, you are ready to pack Start with large items such as books or shoes Stuff your shoes will extra socks to save space Then, place shoes in plastic bags and fit them into the corners of your suitcase There should be plenty of room for the clothes To avoid wrinkles, layer your clothes and roll them up Put the rolls of clothing into the suitcase Then put in the smaller items Finally, before you close your suitcase, check your list Make sure you have not forgotten your swimsuit! It is worthwhile to take your time when you pack your suitcase because a well-packed suitcase is the secret to a good travel experience 8.1.3 Language features 8.1.3.1 Using time order words ([1], pp 86-87) Time order words tell the order of steps in the process Adverbs Adverbial conjunctions  To indicate the first After two steps: first and Before second  To indicate the order steps: next, then, later, after that  To indicate the last step in the process: finally, eventually, at last Phrases The first step is… The second step is… …… Activity 5: Underline all the words/ phrases used to introduce the steps in the two paragraphs above Activity 6: Arrange the following sentences in a logical order to make a meaningful paragraph Use the time order words in each sentence as cues It is easy to have a good dinner party if you follow some easy steps Next, make a list of people that you would like to invite After your house is clean, go shopping for food, flowers and decorations Then, make a funny on the music and wait for the fun to begin Before the guests arrive, decorate the house, set the table, and take a shower After you have everything you need, plan a meal and make sure you can cook most of it before your guests arrive A few days before the party, start cleaning your house First, choose an appropriate date at least two weeks before the party Activity 7: Read the following paragraph Fill in the blanks with appropriate time order words Remember to use proper punctuation One big challenge that many people like is running in a marathon A marathon is a race that is over 26 miles, so it is very hard to complete the race If you want to run the entire course, you have to train diligently ……… (1), buy a good pair of comfortable running shoes Then, begin your running practice at least six months………….(2) you run in the race Try to run three to six miles at least four times a week You must also stretch before and after a run to avoid tight muscles ………… (3) your body is accustomed to longer runs, you can work on your strength by doing sprints, or short fast runs ………… (4), lengthen your runs to ten or 12 miles Make sure you drink plenty of water when you go on longer runs because it is important for your muscles When the day of the race is close, check your shoes You might need a new pair At the night before your race, eat a lot of carbohydrates They will give you energy for the big day …………… (5), on the day of the race, get up early and drink plenty of water You should feel confident, strong and ready to go 8.1.3.2 Using imperatives ([1], pp 90-91) Activity 8: Put a check next to the imperative sentences Buy a good quality tape It is important to start early in the morning to avoid the heat Get down on your hands and knees and crawl under the smoke Try not to get chili powder in your eyes You shouldn’t check grammar errors in the revising stage With your left hand, grab the red handle and pull it You need to be patient Getting out of the traffic jam is not too difficult if you follow this procedure Activity 9: Underline all the imperatives in the two paragraphs above Activity 10: Rewrite the following sentences as imperatives It is necessary to check the horse’s back for sticks and insects before putting on the saddle blanket It is a good idea to fill water bottles and put them in the freezer the night before You should dress in a comfortable clothing and sneakers or sandals It is important to debug your hard drive periodically You need to replace the water in the tank every week or two You must not leave the fire unattended You need to jog slowly at first It is necessary to speak English with your classmates You must buy a good fishing rod 10 You should warn the patient before you give him an injection 8.1.3.3 Using modals of advice, necessity and prohibition ([1], pp 91-93) Activity 11: Underline all the modal verbs used in the two paragraphs above Then state if the verb means advice, or necessity or prohibition Activity 12: Complete the sentence with suitable modal verb You……… start early in the morning to avoid the traffic jam You……… have a license to drive a car You ……….not bring guns into the airport You look tired You……….get a good night’s sleep You……….not leave a baby alone in a bathtub You …… arrive on time, or the boat will leave without you Do not forget! We……….not wait until the last minute to pack You………drink a lot of water when you exercise on a warm day You……….not begin eating until the hostess does It is not polite 10 You……….not walk on the grass Activity 13: On each of the following situation, write two sentences in which modal verbs are used to express advice, or necessity, or prohibition Your friend is going to take the final examination Your friend is going to travel abroad Your friend is going to take a job interview Your close friend is excruciatingly miserable because of her break-up 8.2 Writing and Editing Activity 1: Writing What can you well? Write a short paragraph to instruct how to it Activity 2: Exchange your paragraph with a partner for evaluation and edition, using the editing form  HOME WORK Improve your writing, based on the peer and teacher feedback Reference: [1]Savage.A.& Shafield, M Effective Academic Writing 1: The Paragraph Oxford University Press 2007 ... narration? What could be the situations in which you are supposed to narrate? 7.1 .2 Narrative organization ([1], pp 126 - 127 & [2] , p 65) Activity 3: Read the paragraph below and answer the questions Which... not find the way We became tired, cold and thirsty 7.1.3.3 Using past tenses ([1], pp 136 -140) Activity 12: Complete the sentences with either simple past or past continuous form of the given words... WORK Improve your writing, based on the peer and teacher feedback Reference: [1]Savage.A.& Shafield, M Effective Academic Writing 1: The Paragraph Oxford University Press 20 07 [2] Zemach, E.D &