TRANSLATION 1 Translation 1 Thư Viện Tài Liệu Tổng Hợp Com TRANSLATION 1

TRANSLATION 1 Translation 1 Thư Viện Tài Liệu Tổng Hợp Com TRANSLATION 1 tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luận văn, luận á...

ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION Term – 60 periods Lecturers in charge: Lê Tuấn Đạt, M.A Lê Đức Thịnh, M.A UNIT 1: THE CHILD IN THE FAMILY Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Adolescence -n- the time in a person's life when he or she develops from a child into an adult Celebrate -v- to show that a day or an event is important by doing something special on it We celebrated our 25th wedding anniversary in Paris / How people celebrate New Year in your country? - Celebration (n) They gave a party in celebration of their fiftieth wedding anniversary Commit -v- (often passive) [somebody /you to doing something] promise sincerely that you will something, keep to an agreement or an arrangement The President is committed to reforming healthcare Covention -n- an official agreement between countries or leaders The Geneva Convention/ the United Nations Convention on the Right of the Child Disparity -n- the difference, especially one connected with unfair treatment The wide disparity between rich and poor Dedicate -v- give a lot of time and effort to a certain activity or purpose because one thinks that it is important She dedicated her life to helping the poor Eliminate -v- [something/somebody] to remove or get rid of This diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body Empower -v- to give s.b more control over their own life or the situation they are in The movement actively empowered women and gave them confidence in themselves Empowerment-n Expose -v- [somebody/something/yourself to something] to put sb/sth in a situation or place where they are not protected from sth harmful or dangerous Do not expose the baby to strong sunlight Page of 35 Fall prey to sb/sth -v-: become the victim of sb/sth, be harmed or affected by sth bad Since the attack, she has fallen prey to irrational fears Fundamental -adj- very important Preserve -v- to keep sth in its original good state or condition A perfectly preserved 15th century house Seek [to something]-v- try to sth They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protesters Strengthen -v- make sth stronger or more stable The move is clearly intended to strengthen the President's position as head of state TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) IT - BE……THAT (WHO, WHICH): This construction is used to emphasize one part of a sentence This part may be the subject, the object or a modifier Translate the following sentences into Vietnamese 1.1 My father gave me this book three years ago 1.2 It was my father who gave me this book three years ago 1.3 It was this book that my father gave me three years ago 1.4 It was three years ago that my father gave me this book 2) SUBJECT-VERB (BELIEVE, SAY, RUMOR, THINK,…) -THAT CLAUSE (NOUN CLAUSE AS OBJECT) = IT + TO BE + PP + TO INF/TO HAVE +PP 2.1 Many people believe that he will become the prime minister next year He is believed to become the prime minister next year 2.2 They rumor that she was pregnant She is said to have been pregnant 3) NOUN-THAT CLAUSE (ADJECTIVE CLAUSE) 3.1 The letter that came this morning is from my father 3.2 The woman that talked to me in the shop used to live next door 3.3 Who was it that won the World Cup in 1992? Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese In celebration of the 10th anniversary of International Year of the Family, this section of the website is dedicated to describing UNICEF's actions around the world in strengthening the role of the family with respect to children UNICEF programs are guided by the Convention on the Page of 35 Rights of the Child We believe that the family remains at the center of UNICEF's work to achieve children's right and to help children realize their full potential UNICEF is committed to giving young children the best start in life Through early childhood development programs, UNICEF works with governments and other partners to ensure young children good health care and proper nutrition, to protect children from violence and exploitation, to promote the participation of children in the lives of their families and communities at the youngest ages When the child reaches school-age, the role of the family remains critically important Every child has the fundamental right to a quality basic education UNICEF devotes special efforts to giving boys and girls equal learning opportunities When the child reaches adolescence- a time that matters, the family continues to play a protective role Adolescents often make decisions that have lifelong consequences It is precisely at this time that adolescents need continuing support and guidance of their family in order to achieve the right of developments and participation UNICEF is also committed to promoting gender equality and eliminating gender disparity Through health care and basic education programs, UNICEF supports women's full participation and empowerment in the community and within their families; UNICEF works to end violence against women and girls, particularly violence within their families Finally, the family's protection is especially important for children who are exposed to natural disasters, wars or armed conflicts When families are under stress, children are more likely to fall prey to exploitation and abuse UNICEF has developed strategies that help to preserve families under stress and strengthen family capacities, as well as to protect children without parental care Even with efforts to ensure that children remain with their families, there are times when children are separated from their families UNICEF attempts to reunite these children with their families, whenever possible, and as quickly as possible UNICEF seeks to ensure that children separated from their families are cared for by extended family members or other caregivers who will provide as close-to -a family experience as possible, until it is possible for them to return to family life "A strong, loving and supportive family is the best environment for raising children and the best start for ensuring that the rights of children are fulfilled," says UNICEF Executive Director Carol Bellamy Source: http://www.unicef.org/childfamily Page of 35 UNIT TWO: Redefining Education and Learning Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Authentic-adj- truthworthy or genuine An authentic document, an authentic signature Amount (to)-v- come to, lead to (in the text) What he said amounted to a direct accusation Consistent-adj- unchanging, always keeping the same pattern or style You are not very consistent: first you condemn me, then you praise me./What you say now is not consistent with what you said last week Consistently-adv Figuratively-adv- the opposite of literally, used in an imaginary way rather than literally Go about something/doing sth-v- start to sth; approach something You are not going about the job in the right way/ How should I go about finding a job? Holistic -adj- considering a whole thing or being more than a collection of parts A holistic approach to life/ holistic medicine- tổng quan Inclusive-adj- including something, including much or all Interact-v- act together or cooperative, especially so as to communicate with each other A sociologist studying the complex way in which people interact with each other at parties Interactive-adj- the psychotherapy is carried out in small interactive groups Knowledge economy-n- economy that is based chiefly on knowledge Literal-adj- dealing with the basic or usual meaning of a word or a phrase His story is incredible in the literal sense of the word (It is impossible to believe him, so he must be lying) literally-advMake sense of something-v- understand something difficult or apparently meaningless Can you make sense of this poem? Metaphor-n- the use of a word or a phrase to indicate something different from the literal meaning For example: "I will make him eat his words", or "She has a heart of stone." Metaphorical-adj- Metaphorically-adv- figuratively Page of 35 Pedagogy-n- study or science of ways and methods of teaching- pedagogical-adjpedagogically-adv- a pedagogically accepted method of testing students' knowledge Relevant-adj- connected with what is being discussed, what is being done, what is happening Color and sex are hardly relevant when appointing somebody to a job / He supplied the fact directly relevant to the case Turn up -v- arrive, make one's appearance We arrange to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but he failed to turn up / We invited her to dinner, but she didn't even bother to turn up Ubiquitous-adj- seeming to be present everywhere or in several places at the same time Ubiquitous traffic wardens / Is there no escape from the ubiquitous cigarette smoke in the restaurant? TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) NOUN CLAUSE AS SUBJECT, OBJECT OR COMPLEMENT - What you said in the meeting has certainly made him unhappy - I don't know how the thief could take away such a heavy iron safe - A computer is exactly what I need now 2) PAST PARTICIPLES IN REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES - The man called Max in this film was played by Patrick Swayze - Children born on or before 1st September should have been vaccinated -Plums used to make jam must be very ripe 3) WHILE- CLAUSE = ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF CONTRAST (While ≈ Although) - While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved -While I disapprove of what you say, I would defend to the death your right to say it -While his love for her is obvious, it seems that he has no intention to marry her - While many Muslim women say the law should allow a man to take four wives, few are pleased if the man brings another woman home Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese How you learn as a student in the knowledge economy may be a little different from how you have gone about your learning in the past One of the differences is you don't have to turn up for class at some designated time and day because there are no lectures While this may disappoint some people, the fact of the matter is that research consistently shows that lecturing is the least effective of pedagogies This is because, with a few exceptions, students play a passive role which usually amounts to surface learning Page of 35 One of the great benefits provided by the now ubiquitous information and communication technologies (ICTs) is the opportunity for a more holistic learning environment; one that is inclusive, authentic, highly interactive and "most importantly" relevant to the needs of learners The days of information transmission are over Online learning focuses instead on developing your power of analysis and synthesis, not your ability to memorize facts and figures The thinking, simply, is that in the information age, information is everywhere It is literally (and metaphorically!) at our finger tips The challenge, therefore, is making some sense of this information and, in the process, transform it into knowledge To find out more, visit www.u21 global.edu.sg Source: NEWSWEEK UNIT THREE: Honda: The Power of Dream Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Alternative resources -n- resources that can be used instead of traditional resources By-product -n- substance produced during the making of something else Ammonia is the byproduct obtained in the manufacture of coal gas Inexhaustible -adj- that will always continue, that cannot be used up An inexhaustible supply/ my patience is not inexhaustible Inexhaustibly-adv Extract -v- draw out, remove or obtain a substance from sth, for example by using a chemical or industrial process A machine that extracts moisture form the air./ to extract essential oils from plant Fuel cell -n- cell that generates electricity directly from a chemical reaction Generate -v- produce, cause something to exist or occur Generate heat, electricity, power, etc Hatred generated by racial prejudice/ grammatical rules for generating sentences Power -v- supply a machine or vehicle that makes it work The aircraft was powered by a jet engine Regenerate -v- restore; recycle to give fresh strength to somebody or something Page of 35 Ultimate -adj- beyond which no other exists or possible, last or final: the ultimate outcome, result or conclusion/ Management must take ultimate responsibility for the strike Basic or fundamental: ultimate principles, the ultimate truth of philosophy and science Ultimately-advTASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) THE USE OF "ANY" IN AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES - To avoid any delay, please phone your order directly - You will find me here at any hour of the day - Any fool could tell you that 2) LIKE / UNLIKE+NOUN ( like/unlike as prepositions) - I have always wanted a garden full of flowers like the one my neighbor has - This book is quite unlike anything I have ever read before - Unlike her daughter, she is extremely beautiful Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese Over 40 per cent of the world's sugar cane is produced in Asia And ethyl alcohol extracted from sugar cane can be used as fuel for cars That's right; gasoline is not the only thing to power automobiles At Honda, we have been examining a whole range of alternative energy sources as part of our drive to build the ultimate clean car And of those we've studied, the one that stands out is hydrogen The word hydro is derived from the Greek hydro (water) and genes (forming), so hydrogen actually means "water forming" At just one fourteenth the density of air, hydrogen does not exist as a free gas on earth But it is found in over 70 percent of substances around us: in the water we use every day, in natural gas, and even in garbage In other words, hydrogen is plentiful and found in any number of things What's more, hydrogen used to generate electricity in a fuel cell produces no harmful by-products Unlike the burning of gasoline or natural gas, the only by product of spent hydrogen is water Better still, this water can be reused to generate more hydrogen In short, hydrogen is an extremely efficient energy source: it is clean, can be made from a wide variety of substances, and also regenerated The fact is, regeneration of hydrogen from water makes it part of an endless flow, an inexhaustible energy source Powering vehicles with clean energy that never runs out…that is one of Honda's dreams, a car that leaves nothing behind but water Source: NEWSWEEK Page of 35 UNIT FOUR: The Man Who Planted Trees Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Barren-adj-(of land) not good enough to produce crops (of plants or trees) not producing flowers , fruit or seeds Coarse-adj- of low quality, not fine A coarse complexion/skin Cottage-n- a small, simple house, especially in the country Grant -v- agree to give or allow (what is asked for):They granted him permission to go Lavender -n- plants with sweet-smelling and purple flowers Hoa oải hương Resume-v- begin something again or continue something after stopping for a short time: resume a flight, a trip/ resume one's efforts, work, labor/ She resumes her maiden name after the divorce Rod -n- a thin, straight piece of wood or metal Silhouette -n- a dark outline of somebody or something seen against the light background: the silhouettes of the trees against the evening sky Shepherd-n- a person who takes care of sheep Spectacle-n- impressive, remarkable or interesting sight The sunrise seen from high in the mountain was a tremendous spectacle Sprout-v- begin to grow or appear, put out leaves, shoots: we can't use these potatoes, they have all sprouted/ new buds sprouting on the trees/ the onions are beginning to sprout/ abundant hair sprouted from his broad chest Thrust -v- push something suddenly and violently Wonder-v- feel curious about something: There has been no news for a week and he is beginning to wonder Wasteland-n- large area of land that is not or cannot be inhabited or cultivated TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) THE USE OF "BUT" AFTER NONE, NOWHERE, NOBOBY, NOTHING, ALL, EVREYONE, EVERYTHING, ANYONE, ANYTHING - I swear to tell the truth, only the truth, and nothing but the truth - Nothing but trouble will come of this plan Page of 35 - Everyone was here but him - None but a fool would measure his satisfaction by what the world thinks of him 2) "FOR" USED TO MEAN "IN REPLACEMENT OF" - The couple did not save enough money yet to buy furniture, so at night they had to use the floor for a bed - Don't translate word for word - She is still single at the age of 55, but she never feels lonely For a family, she has all the little students around her 3) OTHER THAN (= But/differently from/except (for)) - He never spoke to me other than to ask for something - He has no close friends other than her - He can be fluent in many languages other than English Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese About fifty years ago, I was taking a long trip on foot over mountain heights quite unknown to tourists All around was barren and colorless land Nothing grew there but the lavender After five hour's walking I had still not found water All around me was the same dryness, the same coarse grasses I thought I saw in the distance a black silhouette It was a shepherd Thirty sheep were lying around him on the baking earth He gave me a drink and took me to his cottage I felt peace in the presence of this man I asked him if I might rest here for a day He found it quite natural- or, to be more exact, he gave me the impression that nothing could surprise him I didn't really need to rest, but I was interested and wished to know more about him I noticed that he carried for a stick an iron rod as thick as my thumb and about a meter and a half long He began thrusting his iron rod into the earth, making a hole into which he planted an acorn, then he refilled the hole; he was planting oak trees After the midday meal he resumed his planting For three years he had been planting trees in this wilderness He had planted one hundred thousand Of the hundred thousand, twenty thousand had sprouted Of the twenty thousand, he still expected to lose half There remained ten thousand oak trees to grow where nothing had grown before That was when I began to wonder about the age of this man He was obviously over fifty Fifty five he told me His name was Elzeard Bouffier I told him that in ten years his ten thousand oaks would be magnificent He answered that if God granted his life, in another thirty years he Page of 35 would have planted so many more that, these ten thousand would be like a drop of water in the ocean (Indirect speech in conditionals) The next day we parted I returned to the place after a long period of absence The oak trees were then ten years old and taller than both of us It was an impressive spectacle I was literally speechless, and as he did not talk, we spent the whole day walking in silence through his forest When you remembered that all this had come from the hands and soul of this one man, you understood that men could be as effective as God in ways other than destruction When I think that one man was able to cause this land to grow from wasteland, I am convinced that in spite of everything, humanity is good Elzeard Bouffier died peacefully in his sleep in 1997 UNIT FIVE: Some Ways to Change the World in Your Own Backyard… Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Add up to-v- amount to something These numbers add up to 100 Decay-v- to become bad, rot; discompose Decayed vegetable First aid-n- treatment given to an injured person before a doctor comes Greenhouse gases-n- gases that cause greenhouse effect Decline-v- say "no" to; refuse to (something offered), usually politely I invited her to join us, but she declined / decline an invitation to dinner/ he declined to discuss his plans Mouth to mouth- artificial respiration (an act to help a patient to restore his breath by sucking the air from or blowing it into his mouth) Superannuate-v- send an employee into retirement with a pension Superannuation-n(money paid to) a pension one gets when one retires Virtuous-adj- having or showing moral virtue; self righteousness Feel virtuous at/about having done the washing up TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) EXCUSE (used rather than “apologize”) Page 10 of 35 Turn away -v- reject, refuse to take someone in, refuse to allow someone to enter a place They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them away TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) NOUN-ADJECTIVE - We are pleased to live in a country independent of foreign pressure - The office is in need of a secretary capable of translating scientific papers - They climbed the mountain by a route uncharted, steep and dangerous (emphasized) 2) ELLIPTICAL ADJECTIVES; - He says that he has never been sorry about anything, but I am sure that after marrying her he will - Many friends of hers said that she must have been blind to marry him, but she was not: Although he was not extremely handsome, he turned out to be an extremely good cook - I am not happy with what you aren't 3) "DO"/” “DOES”/ “DID” FOR EMPHASIS - You asked me to come I did come, but you had already left - He does look tired - I understand what you said, but I don't understand why you said it - I did enjoy myself last night! Thank you for inviting me Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese When you walk downtown in almost any American large city, you see many homeless people They sit on the streets with their shopping carts full of their meager belongings and often ask for money Do they make you nervous? Do they even scare you? The truth is that most homeless people not want to be homeless, and they are afraid of the same things that you are Homeless people, like everyone else, need basically three things to feel safe in their environment First, and most importantly, homeless people need to feel physical safety For you and me, this feeling comes when we enter our apartment or house and lock the door behind us For a homeless person, this feeling is a luxury They may go to a shelter at night, but the people in the shelter can be dangerous, especially if they are mentally ill Then, in the morning, they are Page 21 of 35 kicked out of the shelter and forced to roam the streets For these reasons, a lot of homeless people claim a bench or a street corner as their own They are trying to feel physically secure Second, homeless people need to have dependable source of food This is such a basic need that most of us even don't think about it, but for a homeless person, finding food can be a fulltime job There are places to go that are usually run by local governments or churches, but there isn't enough food for everyone to have three nutritionally sufficient meals a day Getting one meal a day is considered good for a homeless person Other food comes from scrounging through garbage or begging on the streets It is difficult to feel secure in your environment when you don't know where your next meal is coming from Finally, to feel safe, you need to know that if you get sick or injured yourself, you can get the medical treatment you need In the United States, this is increasingly difficult even for people who have places to live but don't have a lot of money It is almost impossible for a homeless person It is true that a homeless person can go to an emergency room in a hospital if they are gravely sick or injured, but some hospitals today are turning away anyone who doesn't have health insurance If the sickness or injury is not severe, there are some clinics for homeless people, but once again, the need far exceeds the availability In summary, the need to feel physically safe, the need for a dependable food source, and the need for medical care when necessary are essential for all of us The constant struggle to obtain these is why homeless people not feel secure in their environment UNIT TEN: May I Help You? Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Authority-n-the power to give orders to people or the right to something She has authority over the people who used to be her bosses / Nothing will be done because no one in authority Page 22 of 35 9who has the position of power) take the matter seriously / Only the manager has the authority to sign cheques Base-v- to use an idea, a fact, a situation, etc as the point from which something can be developed What are you basing this theory on? Expect-v- think or believe that something will happen or somebody will something Many people were expecting that the peace talk would break down Expert-n- a person with special knowledge, skills or training in something A computer expert / An expert on modern literature Fundamental-adj- very important Fundamental different between two points of view / A very fundamental change in the organization health service is required Manufacturing -n- the business or industry of producing goods in large quantities in factories Many jobs in manufacturing were lost during the recession Medium -adj- in the middle between two sizes, amounts, lengths, temperatures, etc There are three sizes- small, medium and large Obligatory-adj-required; that one must because of a rule or law It is obligatory for all workers to wear protective clothing Psychology-n- the scientific study of the mind and how it influences behavior social/educational/ child psychology Principle-n- a moral rule or strong belief that influences one's activities I refuse to lie about it It is against my principles Retail -n- the sale of good in stores to people for their own use: The recommended retail price is $9 Surgery-n-medical treatment of injuries or diseases that involves cutting open the body and often removing or replacing some parts He will require surgery on his left knee Specialize -v- to become an expert in a particular area of work He specialized in criminal law Suit-v- to be convenient or useful for somebody Choose a computer that suits your particular needs / If we met at 12 p.m, would that suit you? T'ai chi: Chinese activity that involves doing very slow physical exercises to make your mind relax and improve your body's balance (Dưỡng sinh) Tend-v- to be likely to something or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually happens Women tend to live longer than men / When I am tired, I tend to make mistakes Page 23 of 35 TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) REPEATING COMPARISION - Computers are becoming more and more complicated - There are fewer and fewer forests nowadays - Holiday flights are becoming less and less expensive - As it got darker and darker, Tom rode his horse faster and faster 2) QUESTION WORD + TO INFINITY (noun phrase) - If you don't know how to it properly, why don't you ask a professional like him? - Can you tell me what to in such a situation? - One of the urgent questions now is how to prevent the area from being polluted 3) A (ADJECTIVE) NUMBER OF - PLURAL VERBS/THE NUMBER OF - SINGULAR VERB - A large number of books have been stolen from the library - The number of books stolen from the library is large - A number of students are absent from class today - The number of road accidents this year is alarming Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese The world is rapidly changing from an industrial economy to a service economy There are fewer and fewer factories and farms As a result, a decreasing number of people are employed in manufacturing How many shoes makers or bakers you know? You probably don't know any, but you know the advertising people for the shoes makers and the salespeople for the oven manufacturers In a service economy such as ours, there are service providers and consumers, who receive the service According to the authority of the provider, there are three basic relationships between service providers and consumers: customer and salesperson, student and teacher, and patient and doctor In the retail industry, people often say, "The customer is always right." What they mean is that a salesperson never argues with a customer If a 350 pound man wants to buy a pink bikini swimsuit, that's his business The salesperson is there to make the customer feel good about shopping at that particular store so that he will come back again and again A salesperson can try to interest the customer in a different style, but he never tells the customer what to In Page 24 of 35 the service relationship between the customer and the salesperson, the customer has all the authority The relationship between a teacher and a student is different all over the world It also varies depending on the age of the student We tend to accept that "the teacher is always right" through the years of obligatory education However, once people are old enough to make some choices about their education, the relationship changes If you want to learn t'ai chi, for example, you will probably look for a teacher that suits your type Nevertheless, you believe that your teacher knows much more about the subject than you do, so in this service relationship, the teacher has a medium level of authority Certain service providers have such specialized skills and knowledge that we tend to allow them complete authority in making decisions about what is best The doctor-patient is an example of such a relationship We expect (rightly or wrongly) that a doctor is also much of an expert that if she says, "You need surgery," we usually don't say, "No, thank you." However, the medical is changing as many patients are becoming better educated about their conditions It is now a common practice in many parts of the world to get a second doctor's opinion about how to treat an illness Even so, in the traditional doctor-patient relationship, it is the doctor who has most of, if not all of, the authority Most of us will be on both sides in a service relationship at some points in our lives You may be a customer at noon and a salesperson at p.m You may be a teacher at age twenty-eight and a student at age fifty-eight If you become an expert in a certain field, such as engineering, medicine, law, or psychology, you may be a client or patient one day and the service provider the next However, you will never be both at the same time, and providing great service to your clients will still be based on the fundamental principle of understanding what your customer wants and needs UNIT ELEVEN: Love at First Sight Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Page 25 of 35 Amazing-adj- causing great surprise, fantastic I find it amazing that you can swim Amazingly-adv- She is amazingly clever Feel something tingly: had feeling of excitement Make eye contact: look into each other's eyes, communicate by using the eye Make up: apologize to people after an argument Her eyes flashed back to me- she looked into my eyes with a lot of emotion Shared experiences and values: things that two people or two groups of people together and ideas that they agree on Puppy love-n- feeling of love that a young person has for somebody else and that adults not think is very serious (Puppy: baby dog) Love at first sight: Love for somebody when you see him or her for the first time Depress-v- make somebody sad and without enthusiasm or hope Wet weather always depresses me./It depresses me to see so many young girls smoking Depressing-adj- Looking for jobs nowadays can be very depressing Include-v-.If one thing includes another, it has the second thing as one of its parts Does the price include tax? Including-preposition- I have got three daus'hoilday including New year's Day Survey-n- investigation of the opinions, behaviour, etc of a particular group of people, which is usually done by asking them questions A recent survey showed 75% of those questioned were in favor of the plan Intense-adj- very great, very strong, extreme The president is under intense pressure to resign Intense pleasure/interest/desire/anger TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral translation) 1) PRESENT PARTICIPLE AND PAST PARTICIPLE AS ADJECTIVE - Anyone interested in joining the club should contact us at the address below - Can you something a little more interesting? - Learners can feel very discouraged if the exercises are too difficult - To travel by oneself can be exciting, but sometimes it can also be very boring 2) BELIEVE / BELIEVE IN - He refused to believe that his son was involved in drugs - Because I always believed you, I could never believe that you would be able to tell lies Page 26 of 35 - Please tell me why I should believe your story - If you believe that, you will believe anything - I don't believe in hitting children (I don't think that hitting children is good) - Do you believe in God? (Do you believe that God exists?) 3) USED TO+INFINITIVE - I used to smoke, but I gave up a couple of years ago - I didn't use to like him a lot when we were at school - You used to see a lot of her, didn't you? Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese It was love at first sight It's always exciting to hear these words But people really believe in love at first sight? We asked 40 Americans this question - 18 men and 22 women Thirteen people (32%) said they believed in love at first sight; 27 people (68%) said they didn't Next, we wanted to find out who believed in love at first sight and who didn't We were surprised to find that both younger and older people believed that they could fall in love in a few short seconds We also learned that people from many different professions had love - at first - sight experiences These people included a scientist, an artist, a dancer, and computer programmer What was the most interesting thing we learned from our study? More men believed in love at first sight than women 44% of the men believed in this kind of love, while only 27% of the women did Here are what the men and women in our survey said about love at first sight Name: John Occupation: artist Age: 30 "Yes, I believe in love at first sight It happened to me I was at a party several years ago, when I saw Louisa I knew she was the one for me when her eyes flashed back at me It was like they looked into my heart, read my life story, and said, "I like what I see, and I want to be with you." That night at the party, I went over to Louisa and asked her to dance She said, "Of course I was waiting for you to ask." That was three years ago, and we are still together." Name: Mark Occupation: Salesman Page 27 of 35 Age: 35 "I didn't use to believe in love at first sight, but now I About three years ago, I was giving a sales presentation when this amazing woman walked into the room We made eye contact and my heart started beating faster After my presentation, I introduced myself, and she and I went out for dinner the next night We talked and talked, and by the end of the evening, I was truly in love with her That feeling of love at first sight was like nothing else In just a few seconds, I was filled with intense energy and passion Anne and I got married a year later." Name: Emily Occupation: college student Age: 23 "No, I don't believe in love at first sight Love comes later in a relationship When I met my boyfriend, I felt something tingly (xao xuyến) I guess you could call it puppy love It took about a year for true love to develop between us." Name: Carol Occupation: Writer Age: 37 "Do I believe in love at first sight? No, not really Love is based on trust and shared experiences and values Love takes time to develop You fall in love slowly by talking to a special person, writing him love letters, fighting, making up The key to love is staying excited about the other person, month after month, year after year." Name: Sarah Occupation: High school senior Age: 18 "I don't think love at first sight happens very often, but of course it happens sometimes It makes me happy to think that it may happen to me If I didn't believe that love at first sight was possible, it would be really depressing." UNIT TWELVE: How You Face up Challenges at Work and in Life Depends on… Your Point of View Page 28 of 35 Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Assume -v- think or accept that something is true but without having proof of it Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds./ it is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work Churn -v- move around violently Vast crowds had churned the field into a sea of mud chòi đạp Cynical -adj- always holding a bad view of people, believing that people good things to help themselves rather than for good or honest reasons Do you have to be so cynical about everything? Demoralized -adj- (from demoralize-v) disheartened, being made to lose confidence or hope Constant criticism is enough to demoralize everybody./ The workers here seem very demoralized Discouraged -adj- (not usually used before nouns) not confident or enthusiastic about doing something Learners can feel very discouraged if an exercise is too difficult Embolden -v- encourage, give emotional support, courage or hope My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career./ we were greatly encouraged by the positive response of the public Exert -v- use power or influence to affect something He exerted all his authority to make them accept the plan./the moon exerts a force on the earth that causes the tides Moral -n- the moral of this story is "Better late than never." Parable -n- short story that teaches moral or spiritual lessons, especially one of those told by Jesus as recorded in the Bible Chuyện ngụ ngôn, chuyện răn dạy Pessimistic-adj- always expecting bad things to happen or something not to be successful, showing this feeling They appeared surprisingly pessimistic about their chances of winning./a pessimistic view of life Predicament -n- bad luck, extremely difficult situation, especially one where it is difficult to know what to The club's financial predicament/I am in a terrible predicament Page 29 of 35 Optimistic -v- expecting good things to happen or something to be successful, showing this feeling She is not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks / We are now taking a more optimistic view Thrash around -v- to move quickly in a violent and uncontrolled way Someone was thrashing around in the water, obviously in trouble Vùng vẫy Ultimately -adv- in the end, finally Ultimately, you have to make the decision yourself /A poor diet will ultimately lead to illness Worthwhile -adj- important, enjoyable, interesting, etc.; worth spending time, money or effort on It does not seem worthwhile writing all it out again TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS REVIEW THE FOLLOWING: 1- Emphatic form (reviewed): It- be- personal pronoun -who (clause) 2- Noun clause as object 3- Past participle in place of Adjective clause Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese Regardless of external events, your attitudes exert the final influence on your experience In the end, it is you, and only you, who can decide how you would feel, and whether you find your work worthwhile or your life worth living Work can be a bore But work can also be exciting Two men working in the same environment and with the same people can have opposite experiences One may find the work enriching while the other, tormenting Similarly, two men serving the same group of customers may not have the same experience One may find the customers easy to serve while the other thinks they are a pain Why is this so? Sometimes, it is true that there are difficult people around you, and you not have much control over this problem, although you are able to exert some influence on their attitude and behavior But often, it has much to with yourself Here is an illustration: A group of rabbits were traveling through the woods when two of them-Buns and Bunny- fell into a ditch Both rabbits tried as hard as they could to jump out of the ditch But the ditch was too deep for them to escape Page 30 of 35 Buns, being cynical and pessimistic, were sure that the other rabbits would not help But Bunny, a generally amicable and optimistic rabbit, was sure that they would Then all the rabbits gathered around the ditch and began to shout and cheer the two rabbits on, as they tried as hard as they could to escape their predicament Buns became discouraged and demoralized when he heard the shouting and cheering of the other rabbits, for he thought that they were booing and jeering him He gave up trying after a short time and never escaped from the ditch Bunny became more emboldened when he heard the shouting and cheering, for he was sure that his friends were encouraging him on Within a few minutes, he escaped from the ditchwith a new experience What is the moral of this parable? 1- Do not assume that your colleagues, customers or bosses are out there to harm you Often, your negative attitudes and assumptions about people have no real basis And many times, they serve only to undermine your ability to a good job Instead, learn to see people in a more positive light than you already It may just help you to steer your way through work with greater ease 2- Pessimism makes easy work difficult, but optimism makes difficult work easy and, possibly, enjoyable Here is another parable: Two mice fell into a vessel of cream Overwhelmed by the difficult task of getting out, the first mouse gave up and drowned But the other mouse was determined to fight on, and started thrashing and churning as fast as it could The milk soon turned into butter, and it climbed out Two mice, one situation, two different outcomes Experience is not what happens to you; it is what you with what happens to you Ultimately, in life and work, your ability to well depends on what you focus on Focus on the difficulty, and you will soon lose the nerve and verve to fight on Focus on learning and progressing, and you will eventually find enough courage to fight the odds… Source: THE STRAITS TIME Page 31 of 35 UNIT THIRTEEN: Test and Reward Teachers More By Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Minister of Education, Singapore Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences into Vietnamese Appraise -v- to consider or examine someone or something and form an opinion about them or it .it would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised / She stepped back to appraise Appraisal -n- He had read many detailed appraisals of her works Emulate -v- try to something as well as someone else because you admire them She hopes to emulate her sister's sporting achievements Feedback -n- advice, criticism or information about how good something or somebody's work is I would appreciate your feedback on my work / The teacher will give you feedback on the test./ we need both positive and negative feedback from customers Magnet-n- a person, place or thing that somebody or something is attracted to In the 1980s, the place became a magnet for new investment her workmanship Holistic -adj- considering a whole thing or being more than a collection of parts A holistic approach to life/ holistic medicine- tổng quan Reward-v-: give somebody something because they have done something good, or have worked hard She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.-n- You deserve a reward for being so helpful Task B: (Review the previous lessons) Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese The United States is still a magnet for the top talents in the world because that is where you get the best graduate education and the best environment for research and development- not just at the top private universities but at several state universities I visit the States at least once a year to get ideas and lessons from the best universities America's best are the top in the world, something we want to emulate in Asia But the rest of the school system is not shining And to Page 32 of 35 stay on the top of the game in a knowledge-based world, it is not just the best that count but the rest Why have American universities topped Europe's and Japan's? That is because of how they manage talent It is all about merit, not seniority An assistant professor does not have to wait 20 or even 10 years to lead a department or to run her own lab If the United States applied these lessons from universities to school districts around the country, they would have a system that would be among the top in the world It means starting with teachers First, we have got to pay them competitive salary, so we get a fair share of knowledge professionals into teaching Second, we have got to reward according to performance, like in any other knowledge profession We need to appraise teachers regularly and holistically, give feedback for improvement and reward those who perform better or the more challenging jobs Third, we have got to train teachers better They have to be good at what they are teaching… Source: NEWSWEEK UNIT FOURTEEN: JOBS FOR LIFE Task A: Vocabulary Try to find the Vietnamese equivalents of the English words and phrases which are in boldface The dictionary definitions may help you to this more easily Then translate the phrases or sentences in Vietnamese Bonus- extra money that you are paid in addition to your usual salary., on special occasions or for your good performances Consultant- an expert or a professional person whose job is to give help or advice on a particular subject Demanding- difficult, challenging, and needing a lot of time, ability and energy Not have the luxury to something- unable to something you enjoy doing very much In a rut- in a situation that is boring and difficult to change If you are in a rut, change your job Hectic- full of busy activities This week has been really hectic Typical of- adjective used about things or people that are exactly like what people imagine they are The view is typical of people of his generation Retain- to keep someone or something We are trying to recruit and retain skilled staff Page 33 of 35 Redundancy- a situation in which someone is told to leave their job because they are no longer needed Merger- the process of combining two companies or organizations to form a bigger one The merger will create the biggest television company in this country Takeover- a situation in which a company takes control of another company by buying a majority of its shares Short term- lasting for or relating to a short period of time I am sure we could offer you some short term employment / a short term loan Task B: Language Focus (Review the previous lessons) Task C: Translate the following text into Vietnamese The person who works for one employer all his life is the thing of the past Most people today must expect to have many different employers, sometimes at the same time Business guru, Bart Clomby, made this statement a recent conference in Venice But is this true for everyone? Sandra Arlotti is a 43-year-old Human Resources manager She has worked for the same company for eighteen years She has a demanding job, and a hectic home life- she has to take care of a sick parent as well as her three children "I am considering leaving my company to become a freelance consultant, but I am worried about not having a regular income," she told me, "I also want to benefit from my pension." Sandra is typical of a number of people who can no longer be sure of working for one employer all their life Kaori Kanayama works for a bank in Osaka "I have worked there for over twenty years, in many different departments I now feel that I am in a rut I have a lot of experience, yet I earned a low salary compared with other graduates, and I worked exceptionally long hours My company likes to retain experienced staff, but I simply can earn enough money." These two people can stay with their firms if they want to But not everyone has the luxury to choose In other companies, redundancy is a real danger John Chapman was a manager of a bookshop in a large chain The company was taken over by another chain After the merger, half of the managers lost their jobs." I wanted to leave last year, but my boss persuaded me to stay by offering me a bonus and a salary rise Unfortunately, he left at the time of the takeover so I did not take the rise or the bonus, and I have now lost my job Bart Clomby feels now that employers think very short term They preferred to offer fixedterm contracts to get the most out of employees in the first few years Then the employer can Page 34 of 35 either keep them on a similar salary, or replace them with younger, keener, cheaper staff Clomby says the only way to get a large salary rise is to move from company to company So, remember even if you love your present job, don't expect to stay there forever Page 35 of 35 ... LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) REPEATING COMPARISION - Computers are becoming more and more complicated - There are fewer and fewer forests nowadays - Holiday flights are becoming less and less... into Vietnamese 1. 1 My father gave me this book three years ago 1. 2 It was my father who gave me this book three years ago 1. 3 It was this book that my father gave me three years ago 1. 4 It was three... is to set up a communications system./ Detectives are now faced with the task of identifying the body TASK B: LANGUAGE FOCUS (Oral Translation) 1) CONSIDER + IT+ADJ+TO INFINITIVE Compare: Active: