SƠ cứu TRÊN TÀU(FIRST AID PRESENTATION)

FIRST AID Maria Luisa Malaca- Sanchez, M.D OBJECTIVES To prepare the seafarer in providing medical first aid in emergency cases To provide the seafarer with the knowledge and skill in First Aid to be able to take immediate action in case of accidents or illness likely to occur on board a ship FIRST AID  Immediate and temporary treatment of a victim of sudden illness or injury while awaiting the arrival of medical aid  Proper early measures may be instrumental in saving life and ensuring a better and more rapid recovery  The avoidance of unnecessary movement and over excitation of the victim often prevents further injury AIMS OF FIRST AID  Preserve life  Prevent further injury  Promote recovery First aid training also involves the prevention of initial injury and responder safety, and the treatment phases Certain self-limiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care past the first aid intervention First Aid Kits A vessel must carry a first aid kit in accordance with national regulations  GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS must be printed in legible type and must be waterproof ESSENTIALS OF FIRST AID CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION ( CPR) CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION ( CPR )  Lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies, including heart attack or near drowning  An emergency procedure which is performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person in cardiac arrest CPR  It is indicated in those who are unresponsive with no breathing or abnormal breathing It may be performed both in and outside of a hospital Bandaging techniques No hard and fast rules: Use clean material Bleeding is controlled Dressing is opened carefully Dressing adequately covers the wound Wounds are bandaged snugly, but not too tightly Bandaging techniques No loose ends Bandage securely tied In bandaging the extremities, leave tips of fingers and toes Place the body part to be bandaged in the position in which it is to be left 10 Unless otherwise specified, all knots should be tied Bandaging techniques  Bandaging is an art form  The only way to become proficient is to PRACTICE SPLINT  A rigid or semi flexible device for the immobilization of displaced or fractured parts of the body for safer transportation  Most commonly employed for fractures of bones, allows patient to be moved without displacing the injured part  May be a means of fixation to immobilize the bones until healing is complete  Any material that offers the degree of resistance required may be use as a temporary splint, ex cloth, gauze, plaster, wood or metal  Plastic or fiberglass molded to fit  Air splints ... minor injuries may not require further medical care past the first aid intervention First Aid Kits A vessel must carry a first aid kit in accordance with national regulations  GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS... likely to occur on board a ship FIRST AID  Immediate and temporary treatment of a victim of sudden illness or injury while awaiting the arrival of medical aid  Proper early measures may be instrumental... excitation of the victim often prevents further injury AIMS OF FIRST AID  Preserve life  Prevent further injury  Promote recovery First aid training also involves the prevention of initial injury