HỆ THỐNG PHAO LUỒNG( IALA maritime buoyage system)

IALA Maritime Buoyage System JICA 14 September, 2004 JCG Historical Historical background background Fresh impetus was given to the task of the Committee by a series of disastrous wrecks in the Dover Strait area in 1971 It was thought necessary as first step to formulate two systems called System A and System B respectively The rules for System A which include both cardinal and lateral marks were completed in 1976 and agreed by the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) The rules for System B were completed in early 1980 At a conference convened by IALA in Nov 1980 met, and agreed to adopt the rules of the new combined System known as Region A and Region B (“IALA Maritime Buoyage System”) JICA JCG Historical Historical background background As recently as 1976 there were more than thirty different buoyage systems in use world wide There has always been disagreement over the way in which buoy lights should be used since they first appeared towards the end of the 19th century International agreement on a unified system of buoyage was reached at Geneva in 1936 Unfortunately, this agreement was never ratified due to the outbreak of World War Ⅱ In 1965, IALA set up an international Technical Committee to examine the problem and to suggest a solution JICA JCG Region Region A A and and B, B, November November 1980 1980 JICA JCG Maritime Buoyage Maritime Buoyage System System This system provides rules which apply to all fixed and floating marks (other than lighthouses, sector lights, leading lights and marks, lightships and large navigational buoys) serving to indicate: - The lateral limits of navigable channels - Natural dangers and other obstructions such as recks - Other areas of features of importance to the mariner - New dangers (which is one not yet shown in (Type nautical (Typeof ofmarks) marks) Lateral Marks, Cardinal CardinalMarks Marks Isolated Safety IsolatedDanger DangerMark, Mark, SafetyWater WaterMarks Marks Special Specialmarks marks Lateral Marks, document) JICA JCG Lateral Marks in Lateral Marks in Region Region A Lateral A marks in Region A utilize red and green colors by day and night to denote the port and starboard sides of channels respectively However, in Region B these colors are reversed with red to starboard and green to port Port Porthand hand Marks Marks Starboard Starboardhand hand Marks Marks Any, other than rhythm used for a modified lateral marks JICA Any, other than rhythm used for a modified lateral marks JCG Modified Modified Marks Marks Preferred Preferredchannel channelto to Starboard Starboard JICA Lateral Lateral Preferred Preferredchannel channelto to Port Port JCG Cardinal Cardinal Marks Marks (Definition) Four quadrants (North, East, South and West) bounded by the true bearings NW-NE, NE-SE, SE-SW, SW-NW A Cardinal marks is named after the quadrant in which it is placed The name of a Cardinal mark indicates that it should be passed to the named side of the mark (Example for use of Cardinal Marks) To indicate that the deepest water in that area is on the named side of the mark To indicate the safe side on which to pass a danger JICA JCG Cardinal Cardinal North Cardinal Marks North Cardinal Marks mark East EastCardinal Cardinalmark mark mark South SouthCardinal Cardinal mark mark JICA West WestCardinal Cardinalmark mark JCG Isolated Isolated Marks Marks (Definition) Danger Danger A mark erected on, or moored on or above, or an isolated danger which has navigable water all around it JICA JCG Safety Safety Marks Marks Water Water (Definition) To serve to indicate that there is navigable water all around the mark; these include center line marks and mid-channel marks Such a mark may also be used as an alternative to a Cardinal or a Lateral mark to indicate a landfall JICA JCG Special Special Marks (Definition) Marks Marks not primarily intended to assist navigation but which indicate a special area or feature referred to in appropriate nautical documents (Example) Ocean Data Acquisition System (ODAS) marks Traffic separation marks where use of conventional channel marking may cause confusion Spoil Ground marks Cable or pipeline marks Recreation zone marks Any, other than rhythm used for cardinal marks, isolated danger marks and safe water marks JICA JCG Region Region A A JICA Region Region B B JCG Question? JICA JCG Thank you for your attention Umimaru JCG mascot JICA JCG ... Region A and Region B ( IALA Maritime Buoyage System”) JICA JCG Historical Historical background background As recently as 1976 there were more than thirty different buoyage systems in use world... solution JICA JCG Region Region A A and and B, B, November November 1980 1980 JICA JCG Maritime Buoyage Maritime Buoyage System System This system provides rules which apply to all fixed and floating... agreement on a unified system of buoyage was reached at Geneva in 1936 Unfortunately, this agreement was never ratified due to the outbreak of World War Ⅱ In 1965, IALA set up an international Technical