PART 3: FORMS OF VERBS I Gerund : Danh động từ A FORM: (cách cấu tạo) V + ING = N Eg: doing, living, working… B USAGE: (cách sử dụng) Gerund is used after prepositions: sử dụng sau giới từ *to be/ get used to accustomed to Ex1: He is / gets used to getting up early + V_ing * to be /get fond of keen on + V_ing interested in Ex2: She is interested in watching Korea film *to be/ get tired of bored with fed up with * to be/ get afraid of + V_ing terified of appalled by * to be good at Ex3: He is good at learning maths, physics, chemistry Đứng sau thành ngữ : it is no use, it is no good : vơ ích there is no use, there is no good: vơ ích can’t stand bear help : khơng thể chịu Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth + V_ing Gerund as a verb : Đứng sau số động từ Ex: She enjoyed eating banana S 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 + V + V_ing admit : thừa nhận appreciate : đánh giá cao avoid : tránh consider : xem xét delay : trì hõan dislike : khơng thích deny : từ chối enjoy : thưởng thức finish : hòan thành forget : quên ( qúa khứ ) forgive : tha thứ fancy : tưởng tượng keep : tiếp tục like : thích risk : liều lĩnh stop : ngừng, từ bỏ suggest : đề nghị 18 hate : ghét 19 mind : phiền 20 miss : nhớ, lỡ, 21 postpone : đình, hõan 22 practise : luyện tập 23 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại 24 regret : tiếc nuối ( khứ) 25 tolerate : bỏ qua 26 understand : hiểu 27 remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ ) 28 resent : tức giận, phật ý 29 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng 30 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa * can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help * it is no use, it is no good, there is no use * look forward to : mong chờ * busy, worth : đáng làm II TO INFINITIVE ( To V (động từ nguyên mẫu có To Bare infinitive ( Động từ nguyên mẫu khơng có To a Đứng sau động từ khiếm khuyết Ex1: They shall go camping S + can/ could must may/ might ought to shall/ should, will/ would need/ needn’t dare / daren’t would sooner = would rather had better= ‘d better B Đứng sau động từ giác quan S +Ex: They see/ hear/ feel/ watch/ see him pick up the gun let/ make/ have + V0 notice + O + V0 Note: * to help + O + to V + V0 Ex; He helped me (to ) my homework INFINITIVE ( Động từ nguyên mẫu có To a S + V + To V Ex1: She agreed to love him afford : cung cấp đủ agree : đồng ý appear : arrange : xếp ask : hỏi attempt : cố gắng beg : đề nghị, xin care : quan tâm claim : cho là, tuyên bố 11 decide : định 12 demand : yêu cầu 14 expect : trông đợi 15 dare : dám 16 fail : thất bại 18 hesitate : ngập ngừng 19 hope : hy vọng 20 learn : học B S + V + O + To Ex: He begged her to kill him advise : allow: ask : beg : convince : encourage : 10 expect : 11 forbid : 12 force : 14 instruct : 15 invite : 16 need : 17 tempt : 18 intend : 19 order : 20 permit : 21 persuade : 22 remind : khuyên cho phép hỏi, đòi hỏi năn nỉ, xin thuyết phục khuyến khích trơng đợi cấm bắt buộc dẫn mời cần cám dỗ dự định lệnh cho phép thuyết phục nhắc lại 21 manage 22 mean 23 need 24 offer 25 plan 26 prepare 27 pretend 28 promise 29 refuse 32 seem 34 swear 36 tend 37 volunteer 38 wait 39 want 40 wish 23 require : 24 recommend : 26 tell : 27 urge : 28 want : 29 warn : 31 would like : 32 would prefer : 33 appoint : 35 choose : 36 compel : 37 defy : 38 desire : 39 direct : 40 implore : 41 provoke : C Một số động từ có trường hợp: Stop + to V : dừng lại để… V-ing: từ bỏ(thói quen Remember + V-ing: nhớ làm (qúa khứ) To V: nhớ làm (tương lai) Forget + V-ing: qn làm (qúa khứ) To V : Sẽ(khơng qn làm (tương lai) Regret + V-ing: hối hận đã… To V: thơng báo tin xấu Try + V-ing: thử làm To V: cố gắng làm Một số cấu trúc khác: a : xoay xở : muốn : cần ( chủ động, người ) : mời : dự định, kế hoạch : chuẩn bị : giả vờ : hứa : từ chối : dường : thề : có khuynh hướng : tình nguyện, xung phong : đợi : muốn ( chủ động ) : ao ước It + is + adj + (for O) + To V yêu cầu khuyên bảo thúc giục, thuyết phục muốn cảnh báo thích thích định làm lựa chọn cưỡng bách thách ao ước, thèm thuồng hướng dẫn, huy yêu cầu xúi giục Ex1: It’s difficult to learn English well b It + takes /took /cost + adj + (for O) + To V Ex2: It took me 30 minutes to get there by bicycle S c + is / was + TOO + adj + To V Ex3: This shirt is too short for me to wear d S + is / was + adj + enough + To V Ex4: She is not young enough to take part in the beauty contest The infinitive can express purpose: (Diễn tả mục đích) Ex1: She is going to Paris to improve her French Ex2: In order to pass the exams we are studying very hard Ex3: We are studying hard in order to pass the exam Ex4: We are studying hard so as not to fail the exams S + V + to in order to so as to + V0 EXERCISE: A Supply the correct form of the verbs : I wanted her (learn) _ English Will you help me (move) _ this desk ? Please let me (know) _ your opinion Would you like (paint) _ your bike or should I have a painter (do) _ it for you ? He warned me (not come) _ late Did you see Tom (try) (reach) the top of the dresser ? We had to ask the students (stop) _ (make so much noise I couldn’t stand (be) _ alone in the dark room You must remember (lock) _ the door before leaving the house 10 The children are busy (collect) _ shells on the beach 11 We regret (say) that the lecture was dull and wasn’t worth (listen) _ to 12 He enjoys (listen) _ to his own voice 13 Can you manage(finish.) _ (write) these reports by yourself ? 14 We considered (give) her a dress for her birthday, but couldn’t help (buy _ her some flowers, too 15 Would you mind (keep) quiet for a moment ? I’m trying (fill) in a form - It’s no use (ask) _ children (keep) _ quiet They can’t help (make) _ noise 16 Could I (see) _ Mr Brown, please ? 17 I am looking forward to (see) you 18 He urged us (work) faster 19 It's no use (wait) 20 He is tired of ( walk ) to school B Mark A, B, C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions We don't mind _ poor people A helping B to helping C to help D help Mrs Taylor is usually busy her housework A B doing C does D to John decided another job A finding B to find C find D to have found She told me _ the back door A about to shut B shutting C shut D to shut We're looking forward _ from our aunt A hear B to hearing C hearing D to hear He wanted a book A to borrow B borrow C borrowed D borrowing Her parents can't stand her at home all day A to seeing B to see C seeing D see Don't forget me an email when you arrive home A to dropping B to drop C drop D dropping Would you like _ some chocolate? A having B have C to have D All are correct 10 My grandfather promised _ me a toy car A gave B give C to give D giving 11 The film was very sad It made us _ A to cry B cry C crying D to crying 12 They invited me _ their wedding party A to attend B attending C attended D attend 13 My neighbour saw Tom to a stranger A talk B talking C to talk D a and b are correct 14 As a child I enjoyed comics A to read B to reading C reading D read 15 Let us a camping fire A to make B make C making D to making 16 I can hear someone at the door A knocks B knock C is knocking D to knock 17 I think your father should let you to school alone A go B going C to go D gone 18 Does Dr Johnson mind at home if his patients need his help? A to call B calling C to be called D being called 19 They let their children _ up late at weekends A staying B stay C to stay D stayed 20 Peter is very funny He makes me _a lot A laugh B to laugh C laughing D laughed 21 They noticed him _ the agreement A sign B to sign C signing D signed 22 The boss made _for a meeting after work A us to stay B us stay C us staying D us to staying 23 The man wanted to avoid on security cameras A to see B seeing C to be seen D being seen 24 Peter _ to go in for the exam A avoided B let C advised D decided 25 Will you remind me this letter at the post office? A to post B posting C to be posted D being posted 26 I have told him never to buy some potatoes on the way home A come B comes C came D to come 27 His mothes hates… to pop music A listen B listening C to listening D having listened 28 The chikdren enjoy … football after school A played B playing C to play D play 29 John doesn’t want … far from his house A works B work C to work D working 30 I persuaded my friend … me his caravan for my trip to the country side A with lending B with to lend C to lend D lending 31 I enjoy to cook for there five hungry children A B C D 32 His parents never allowed him … A a smoking B smoking C to smoke D some smoke 33 Do you consider……… friens on Sunday? A inviting B to invide C invited D inviter 34 After finishing the presentation, I suggested… to the , cinema A us to go B that we to go C going D we going 35 Comedies always make me …… A laughing B to laugh C laugh D laughed 36 He avoids … me on the street A to meet B met C meeting D to be met 37 Would you mind give me a hand ? I have a lot of things A B C D 38 I remember … you about this before A tell B to tell C telling D told 39 He let the letter … onto the floor A fall B falls C falling D fell 40 The police want us … anything A that we report B reporting C to report D we report 41 Please ask them … in this area A don’t smoke B not smoking C not to smoke D to not smoke 42 Let your name … in the sheet pares A tobe written B being written C write D being written 43 His parents allows him … A to smoke B smoked C smoking D to smoking 44 As we walked past , we saw her … his car A in washing B to wash C wash D washing 45 The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus A to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d traveling by the train ... : hỏi attempt : cố gắng beg : đề nghị, xin care : quan tâm claim : cho là, tuyên bố 11 decide : định 12 demand : yêu cầu 14 expect : trông đợi 15 dare : dám 16 fail : thất bại 18 hesitate : ngập... Ex2: In order to pass the exams we are studying very hard Ex3: We are studying hard in order to pass the exam Ex4: We are studying hard so as not to fail the exams S + V + to in order to so as... to so as to + V0 EXERCISE: A Supply the correct form of the verbs : I wanted her (learn) _ English Will you help me (move) _ this desk ? Please let me (know) _ your opinion Would