Word Stress Pattern Rules 1.. Using suffixes to predict stress A Stress the suffix itself: - ee employee refugee trainee referee evacuee - eer engineer career volunteer mountaineer
Trang 1Word Stress Pattern Rules
1 Using suffixes to predict stress
(A) Stress the suffix itself:
- ee employee refugee trainee referee evacuee
- eer engineer career volunteer mountaineer
- ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese journalese
- ique unique antique technique
-ain entertain / entə'tein/ ascertain/,æsə'tein/
-ette cigarette /,sigə'ret/ laundette /lɔ:n'dret /
-esque picturesque
(B) Stress the syllable immediately before the suffix:
- ial memorial financial artificial essential
- ual visual unusual intellectual individual
- ian Canadian vegetarian pedestrian politician
- sion explosion occasion conclusion permission
- tion definition production situation qualification
- ient ancient sufficient efficient deficient proficient
- cious delicious conscious suspicious judicious
- tious ambitious cautious superstitious conscientious
- ic academic energetic fantastic terrific realistic
- ible edible flexible incredible impossible
- ity ability necessity publicity possibility humidity
- ify classify terrify humidify personify solidify
- logy biology sociology anthropology psychology
-
graphy geography autobiography photography pornography
- meter kilometer parameter speedometer thermometer
b/ Các hậu tố không ảnh hưởng đến vị trí trọng âm ở t ừ gốc
’-age’: anchor/'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridkə/ anchorage /'æηkə/ anchorage /'æηkəridkəridʒ/
‘-al’ : refuse /ri'fju:z / refusal /ri'fju:zl /
‘-like’: bird / / birdlike/ /
Trang 2‘-ness’ : Yellow / / yellowness / /
‘-fy’, ‘-wise’, ‘-y’
C, Tiền tố: tiền tố thường không ảnh hưởng đến trọng âm của từ
(C) Stress the second syllable before the suffix:
- ate operate exaggerate associate integrate certificate
- ize apologize criticize recognize computerize
- ary secretary necessary contemporary vocabulary
- ous dangerous mysterious spontaneous simultaneous
2 Using Parts of Speech to predict stress
(A) For certain two-syllable words used as both nouns and verbs,
stress nouns on the first syllable, and verbs on the second syllable
Noun Verb Example
1 record record The bank recorded a new record yesterday
2 present present He presented his wife with a beautiful present
3 conduct conduct They're conducting a study into his conduct
4 suspect suspect The suspect was suspected of robbing the bank
5 desert desert The desert is so dry that it is usually deserted
(B) Stress compound nouns on the first part/word:
deadline classroom software typewriter policeman airplane bus station air conditioner sports car credit card stock
market Great wall
(C) Stress two-word verbs more strongly on the second word,
but for their noun equivalents, stress them on the first part
Noun: Here's the printout
She's a dropout
Where's the checkout counter?
There was a holdup at the bank
This clearly is a setup
Verb: He printed it out
She dropped out
Can I check it out?
Hold up your hand
I'll set up a meeting for you