... aspect of growth and development in plants. Sev-
eral recent discoveries in auxin biology, including the
identification of F-box proteins as auxin receptors,
have contributed to our understanding of ... genes
[5–7]. The DNA-binding domains of auxin response
factors (ARFs) bind to AuxREs of auxin-responsive
genes and regulate their expression [8–10].
Keywords
abiotic stress; auxin; microarray analysis;
reproductive ... carried
out in other plants. The recent advances in genomics
provide opportunities to investigate these pathways in
crop plants. To gain insights into the molecular mech-
anism of auxin action in rice,...
... theoretical interest of this distribution
arises from the possibility of using it as a
basis for an operational definition of words in
printed texts. If texts are considered purely as
sequences of ... not
shared by the others, of being concentrated at
relatively low values of length, and of having
no elements exceeding a certain length (Fig. 1).
Words, defined in this fashion, can readily ...
identified by a machine and they are of limited
variety, so that their listing in a dictionary is
practicable.
From the practical point of view, the distri-
bution is useful in planning input and storage...
... role of sentence stressin enhancing English speaking competence.
Sentence stress is the governing stressin connected speech. All words have
their individual stressin isolation. When words ... must distinguish between four levels of stress: major
sentence stress, major word stress, minor wordstress and unstressed.
Thus, in the sentence: “I walked home in the rainstorm”.
‗I‘, in , ... 1997:190).
27
The pattern ofstressin this sentence is stressed – unstressed – stressed –
unstressed – stressed – unstressed, with equal number of alternating stressed
and unstressed syllables....
... pro-
noun use in four European languages: Intralingual
and interlingual dimensions. In Proceedings of the
Annual Meeting of the Australian Linguistic Society,
Brisbane, Australia.
Ralf Steinberger, ... to monolingual English utterances in context
fairly reliably. Section 5 investigates how T/V is
expressed inEnglish texts by experimenting with
different types of features, including words, seman-
tic ... Journal of Natural Language Engineering,
11(3):311–325.
Hiroshi Kanayama. 2003. Paraphrasing rules for au-
tomatic evaluation of translation into Japanese. In
Proceedings of the Second International...
... 1998
coffin hoist noun in electric line work, any type of chain hoist US,
1980
coffin lid noun a child. Rhyming slang for KID UK, 2000
coffin nail noun a cigarette. From the link between smoking ... 1989
cinch noun 1 a certainty US, 1890. 2 in horse racing, a horse that is
virtually certain to win
US, 1960
cinchers noun brakes US, 1942
Cincy; Cinci nickname Cincinatti, Ohio US, 1899
cinder ... behind the nose of the plane US,
1983
. < keep your chin up to maintain your courage or
fortitude; often said as an encouraging injunction
UK, 1938
chin verb 1 to punch someone on the chin...
... of fresh rain in a forest in the fall. Certainly a unified concept, but
we would not consider the smell of fresh rain in a forest in the fall a word. In fact, English
simply has no single word ... implementation of the
basic notions introduced in chapter 1 in the actual analysis ofword structure in English. First
the notion of the morpheme is scrutinized with its problems of the mapping of form ... the italicized words in (13) and think about the question whether
kicks in (13a), drinking in (13b), or students in (13c) should be regarded as ‘new words’
in the sense of our definition.
(13)...
... other words in (5). If we assume that in- is a prefix meaning in, into’ we
would predict that infer would mean ‘carry into’, which is not even close to the real
meaning of infer. The meaning of ... properties of words
are summarized in (5):
(5) Properties of words
- words are entities having a part of speech specification
- words are syntactic atoms
- words (usually) have one main stress ... discussion of the possible definition ofword we can say
that, in spite of the intuitive appeal of the notion ofword , it is sometimes not easy
to decide whether a given string of sounds (or...
... One of + plural noun
19. all of us = almost us
20. keep + V-ing = continue to inf
21. used to + V inf (habit in the past)
=> am/is/are +used to +V-ing (habit in the present)
22. Make sb +to inf
She ... STRUCTURES OF THE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH
1.Would you like + Vinf … ?
2. Would you mind + V-ing….?
Would you mind if + clause (not true)
3. You had better + V- inf
- would rather + Vinf ….(than)
- ... delighted at/ be interested in/
take part in/
Take care of = look after
be bored with/ be fed up with/ be tired of/ tell sb about st/
get rid of/ give up/ depend on/ be different from/
explain st to...
... meaning of
interview and the meaning of the ingredient morphemes inter- and view, you can
observe that the meaning of interview is not the sum of the meaning of its parts. The
meaning of inter- ... the kind of situation we find
with many morphemes, be they bound or free. For instance, the definite and
indefinite articles inEnglish take on different shapes, depending on the kind ofword ... other words in (5). If we assume that in- is a prefix meaning in, into’ we
would predict that infer would mean ‘carry into’, which is not even close to the real
meaning of infer. The meaning of...
... lỗi lạc
distinctive (adj) ( distinctive of something) đặc biệt; để phân biệt
distinctively (adv) rõ ràng, minh bạch, rành mạch
distinctly (adv) riêng biệt; rõ ràng, rành mạch, minh bạch, rõ ... uy nghi
imprint (n) dấu vết, vết in, vết hằn; ảnh hưởng sâu sắc; phần ghi của nhà xuất bản;(v) đóng, in (dấu); in
dấu vào, đóng dấu vào (cái gì); ghi khắc, ghi nhớ, in sâu vào, in hằn
imprisonment ... sẵn
in accord with (v) phù hợp với, hoà hợp với, thống nhất với, nhất trí với
in common cho hoặc bởi tất cả mọi người trong một nhóm; chung
in scale suited to the proportions of
in terms of...
... this insight would lead
us to think that the words in (5a) behave exactly like compounds on the basis of
native words. For instance, a blackboard is a kind of board, a kitchen sink is a kind of ... certain sets of affixes can also be
illustrated by another interesting phenomenon. Both in compounding and in certain
cases of affixation it is possible to coordinate two words by leaving out ... that words ending in <a> come first, those ending in <z> come last.
Thus sofa is among the first words in a reverse dictionary, fuzz among the last. This
kind of organization is of...
... when
combined with a vowel-initial final combining form, but that do take -o- when
combined with a consonant-initial final combining form. And indeed, such data exist:
the initial combining form ... building for growing plants’ ‘a house that is green’
c. óperating instructions operating instrúctions
‘instructions for operating something’ ‘instructions that are operating’
d. instálling ... (instead of a prefix or a suffix or a root-final <o>).
In the vast majority of cases we find the linking element -o- in all of the above
compounds, but there are a number of interesting...
... meaning of
interview and the meaning of the ingredient morphemes inter- and view, you can
observe that the meaning of interview is not the sum of the meaning of its parts. The
meaning of inter- ... implementation of the
basic notions introduced in chapter 1 in the actual analysis ofword structure in English. First
the notion of the morpheme is scrutinized with its problems of the mapping of form ... kind of process, i.e. the addition of meaning by
means of vowel alternation, is evidenced inEnglishin certain cases of past tense
formation and of plural marking on nouns, as illustrated in...
... meaning of
interview and the meaning of the ingredient morphemes inter- and view, you can
observe that the meaning of interview is not the sum of the meaning of its parts. The
meaning of inter- ... of fresh rain in a forest in the fall. Certainly a unified concept, but
we would not consider the smell of fresh rain in a forest in the fall a word. In fact, English
simply has no single word ...
Consider again the notions of orthographic word, grammatical word and the notion
of lexeme as possible definitions ofword . Apply each of these notions to the words
occurring in example (20) of chapter...