bài giảng cung cấp kiến thức cơ sở cho, và các bài toán tính toán bồn áp lực bao gồm:1.GeneralPressure vessel design codesTypes of pressure vessel.Pressure vessel major componentsDesign considerations2.Vertical Vessel 3.Horizontal Vessel4. Spherical Vessel 5. Fabrication Inspection Tests
Pressure Vessel Design Lecture By Ling Kui Muk, P.Eng 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Basic Theories 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Statically Determinate Members Free Body Diagram Statically Indeterminate Members Centre of Gravity Moment of Inertia Section Modulus Radius of Gyration 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Basic Theories 1.9 Stresses 1.10 Strain 1.11 Stress-Strain Diagrams 1.12 Young’s Modulus 1.13 Poisson Ratio 1.14 Yield Point & Ultimate Strength 1.15 Factor of Safety 1.16 Beam Formulas 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Statically Determinate Members P a b L R1 ∑ Fy = ∑ Ma = R2 x 2002 R1+R2 = P P*x + (-R2*L) = (1) (2) equations unknowns LECTURE SLIDES Free-Body Diagram V M x R1 R1 + V = R1 * x + M =0 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Statically Indeterminate Members P R3 R1 R4 R2 equations unknowns The Integration Method, Energy Method, etc Software - MultiFrame 4D 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Centre of Gravity, c.g w A = w*t B = h*t t x1 y c.g x2 h y A*x1+B*x2 = A+B t 2002 LECTURE SLIDES I, Z & r a Moment of Inertia I = a b 3/12 b x x Radius of gyration, r 2002 Section Modulus Z = I/c Z = a b2/6 = √ I/A LECTURE SLIDES Tensile Stress P Tensile Stress, St St = P/A A = cross sectional area P = force P 2002 LECTURE SLIDES Compressive Stress P Compressive Stress, Sc Sc = P/A A = cross sectional area P = force P 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 10 Introduction to FEM 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 145 Introduction to FEM General * Matrix Method, solving simultaneous equations * 1950s, originated from Aerospace Industry * 1975, international conference on FEM * today, PC based FEM are available Analysis Methods a) Analytical Procedure +Differential Equation’s Theory b) Weighted Residual Procedure +Galerkin Method (Rayleigh-Ritz) c) Variation Principle +Finite Element Method 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 146 Comparison of Analysis Methods Method Representaive Method Applicable Range Basic Function Mathematic Background Computer Programming Required Memory Size Cost 2002 Analytical Procedure Differential Equation's Theory Highly Limited Differential Equation Weighte Residuce Variation Procedure Principle Galerkin Method Finite Element (Rayleigh-Ritz) Method Moderately Limited Hardly Limited Small Degree Exponent Series Polynominal Very High Level High Level Medium Level Easy Medium PC Class Low PC -Mini Computer Medium Difficult PC, Mini Comp, Main Frame Class Medium-High LECTURE SLIDES 147 Finite Element Method at Present Definition Definition of of Analysis Analysis Model Model PrePreProcessing Processing 2002 FEM FEM Analysis Analysis PostPostProcessing Processing LECTURE SLIDES Evaluation Evaluation 148 Introduction to Multiframe 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 149 Why Multiframe 4D? Pre-Processing * user-friendly * graphical input Post-Processing * 3D graphical output Fast , Accurate and East to use 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 150 Why Multiframe 4D? Moderate Cost *below US$3000 (1994) Purchased Dates; *1994 *1997 Mac Version Window Version V4.01 V5.0b9 Application * DeiC5, Esso TK-1120, SMP, etc 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 151 World Wide Application A Concrete Bridge - Italy 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 152 World Wide Application Harbour Marina Building -New Zealand Steel Structural Frame - France 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 153 World Wide Application Portal Crane Span-80m Heigth-40m Lift-15 mton @ mid-span -Turkey Roof Structure Lifting Span-3x30m length-11x15m -Turkey 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 154 Demo Items examples will be shown -Dome Roof Structure -Equipment support -Portal Frame for building 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 155 -Dome Roof Structure 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 156 -Equipment Structure & Portal Frame 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 157 Demo Items Steps a) b) c) d) e) d) f) g) 2002 Model generation Assigning of structural section Apply appropriate joint restraints Apply appropriate loads Perform FEM analysis View the graphical output View the output data Optimizing the design (Steel Designer) LECTURE SLIDES 158 The End 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 159 ... in the design of the followings; Pressure Vessels + tower, drum, reactor, etc + heat exchanger, etc Storage Tank Equipment Supports 2002 LECTURE SLIDES 26 Pressure Components Pressure Vessel. .. stresses are average tension or compression stresses over the thickness of the vessel wall Radius : R Thickness : t Pressure : P P Longitudinal Stress S2 Circumferential Stress 2002 S1 S1 S2 LECTURE