MÔN NGUYÊN TẮC QUẢN LÝ LƯU VỰC: PRINCIPLES FOR HYDROLOGY: RED RIVER FLOODING AND SALINIZATION quản lý lưu vực×RED RIVER BASIN×FLOODING AND SALINIZATION IN RED RIVER×LŨ LỤT VÀ XÂM NHẬP MẶN×SÔNG HỒNG×đồng bằng sông hồng×
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY FLOODING AND SALNIZATION IN RED RIVER BASIN STUDENT: NGUYEN HUU DUNG ID: 1353091031 LECTURER: BUI XUAN DUNG MAIN CONTENTS 01 02 03 04 05 Introduction Overview information of study area Flooding and salinization problems Solutions Conclusion I INTRODUCTION GENERAL INTRODUCTION Total catchment area of 169,000 km 2 More than half of Basin in Vietnam (87,840 km ), 26.5 % of Vietnamese territory (331,000 km ) 2 Less than half the Basin in China 48% (81,240 km ) and a small area in Laos 0.7% (1,100 km ) Moslty considered to include Thai Binh river basin I INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES Gather information about natural conditions and socio-economic of Red river basin areas Identify some consequences of flooding and salinization Propose some solutions in order to adapt and reduce negative consequences of flooding and salinization II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA TOPOGRAPHY Maximum elevation of Red river basin is about 3200m Strongly steep and slope, gradually lower from northwest to southeast Most of the land area exceeds 25 degrees in slope which is about the upper limit for sedentary crop cultivation Topographic map Sources: Prem N Sharma et al 2010 II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA Climate - Climate is monsoon tropical Annual average rainfall for the basin is in the range from 1500mm to 2800mm - November to March is the dry season, receiving only 10 per cent of annual rainfall - Acverage monthly temperature is most uniform across the basin - May and June are the warmest months Tropical cyclones are frequent (an average of 15 every decade) Sources: Prem N Sharma et al 2010 II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA Soil types Soils of the mountainous areas can be grouped as follows: • • • Ferralic grey soils Rocky land, severely eroded mountainous/hilly land Other upland soils Soils of the midlands can be grouped as follows: • • • Ferralic grey soils (especially Phu Tho province) Grey soils with ferralitic material Normal alluvial soils Soils characteristic of the delta can be grouped as follows: • • • • Normal alluvial Peaty soils (Swampy) Acid sulphate soils Sandy soils Soil types map II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA Water usage -The water demand of agriculture’s sector is highest -The water demand of industry’s sector will be raised dramatically (15%) - In projected 2020 predict that demand of agriculture gradually decreased over time Sources: II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA Population, economic and recreation - The 1996 population of the Red River Basin was 23.8 million almost distributed in southwest of Red river basin - More than 19.4 million (82 per cent) lived in rural administrative units - A total of 220 of these poorest communes are located in the Mountain and Midland Sources: redriveproram.com III FLOODING AND SALINIZATION PROBLEMS FLOODING Sources: Vnexpress.com, 2017 Sources: kenh14.vn, 2017 III FLOODING AND SALINIZATION PROBLEMS - Caused by topography conditions lower from northeast to southwest It leads to be more flooding in big city at downstream - Base on precipitation level which is highest in summer and autumn ( June- September) and also with extreme weather condition likes typhoons, heavy rain in long time It leads to be flooded - In addition, caused of some internal reason such as bad quality of dams, power plans in discharge flood III FLOODING AND SALINIZATION PROBLEMS Salinization • Agriculture and fisheries in Hai Phong, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh and Ninh Binh excessing salinity levels have reduced the crop yield • Limit salt intrusion with the largest peak salt tide in the river: Tra Ly, Song Hong, Ninh Co and Day rivers • Depth salinization happenings according salinization max at ‰; III FLOODING AND SALINIZATION PROBLEMS - Caused of characteristics of topography lower on southeast nearby coasts - Quality of dams was bad, it leads to be broken on storm or enroached when drought happens forced by waves and reducing water level in rivers, channels, etc nearby coastal areas IV Solutions Upstream areas: • Manage mainstream reservoirs in Red River (Hoa Binh, Thac Ba and Tuyen Quang) and the forthcoming Son La hydropower reservoirs and final ladder on the Da River to maintain water level on the Red river in Hanoi in dry season from m • Construct works to source and upgrade the existed works: Ben Mam in Son Tay- Hanoi, Cam Dinh - Hiep Thuan, Cong Lien Mac in Hanoi and Tac Giang in Ha Nam • Dredge of the canal on the irrigation system to make clear to the rivers, canals so water can flow throughout the year • Research and build a new reservoir on the Boi river, propose solutions on the Red River dams in Hanoi IV Solutions 2.Downstream coastal areas - Research plan on river dams in Nam Dinh Dao, salinity dam building - Dredge the water supply and drainage canals in irrigation systems - Combines agriculture with irrigation to cope with drought and salinization in RRB and apply in areas classified by levels of drought - Planting for waves defense and reduce salinization V Conclusion Red river basin is one of largest basin in VN with 23.8 million people distributed on 169,000 km Flooding and salinization damage to crop, human life: more than 500 person death, lost/yr and Thousands milllion VND Improve dam systems and planting wave defense Reduce negative consequences of flooding and salinization REFERENCES • Prem N Sharma Soil and Water Protection and Watershed Management Foresty Sector Review Tropical Forestry Action Plan, Vietnam Ministry of Forestry, Socialist Republic of Veitnam • • Vu Tu Lap Vietnam Geographical Data Foreign Language Publishing House, Hanoi, 2013 • • http:// redriveproram.com Joint Report of the Government of Vietnam-DonorNGO Poverty Working Group, Consultative Group Meeting for Vietnam, 14-15 December 2010 kenh14.vn, 2017 ... Identify some consequences of flooding and salinization Propose some solutions in order to adapt and reduce negative consequences of flooding and salinization II OVERVIEW INFORMATION OF STUDY AREA... lost/yr and Thousands milllion VND Improve dam systems and planting wave defense Reduce negative consequences of flooding and salinization REFERENCES • Prem N Sharma Soil and Water Protection and. .. Planting for waves defense and reduce salinization V Conclusion Red river basin is one of largest basin in VN with 23.8 million people distributed on 169,000 km Flooding and salinization damage to