Career Development Interventions 5th Edition Spence G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Publisher to insert cover image here Chapter 14 Career Development Interventions in Community Settings Developed by: Jennifer Del Corso Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Introduction • Community-based counseling has had a long struggle for recognition, though Parsons’ Bureau in Boston was communitybased • School counseling was the first specialty to be recognized in the National Defense Education Act of 1958 Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Introduction • The American Personnel and Guidance Association (now the American Counseling Association) was formed in 1952 by four specialties, not including communitybased • ACA currently has 21 specialities Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Training, Certification, and Licensure • Counselor education programs at institutions that train counselors may be approved by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) • Individuals may be certified by the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC), which has a requirement of 48 semester hours of course work (60 hours for addiction, mental health, and marital counseling), and a 600 hour supervised internship Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Training, Certification, and Licensure (cont.) • Counselors must meet the requirements for licensure as defined in their own state’s law Recently some state boards only license those students from a CACREP-accredited masters program • Many career counselors earn a Certificate of Advanced Study (CAS) or doctoral degree (Ed.D or Ph.D.) with a specialty in career development theory and practice Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Competencies • Community- based counseling is “the application of counseling principles and practices in agency, organization, or individual practice settings that are located in and interact with the surrounding community.” (Hershenson et al., 1996, p 26) • Community counseling requires at least four additional competencies to that of other counseling specialties – coordination, consultation, advocacy, and case management Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Coordination • This is a process of bringing together the needs of a client and resources of the community • An intake interview can help counselors collect information about the clients’ strengths and barriers • Many individuals who seek out community based career counseling are going through a career transition • Career transitions are defined as an event or nonevent that results in a change that is significant enough to cause disruption in one’s usual roles, relationships, and/or routines Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Managing Career Transitions • Schlossberg’s 4-step model provides a helpful framework for identifying client strengths and barriers: 1.Define the situation clearly 2.Learn about the self or inner resources the client has 3.Learn about the support system that does or does not surround the client 4.Develop a strategy for coping with the present need or transition Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Identifying Needs and Barriers • Web-based integrated career guidance systems such as Kuder’s Journey (Kuder, Inc., 2011) can help individuals identify needs and barriers • The system provides a state-specific list of Web sites that identify community-based sources of assistance in each of the areas identified by the user • It is also necessary to identify resources available in the community and become thoroughly knowledgeable about them in order to assist clients to reduce barriers Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Process for Career Counseling in an Agency Setting • Step 1:Identify client needs • Step 2: Match client needs and community resources • Step 3: Introduce client to the resources • Step 4: Refer the client to identified resources • Step 5: Follow through with the client and agency (ies) to which referral was made Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Consultation • Consultation is the work of one professional with another in an attempt to find ways to reach compromise that will address the needs of a third party (the client) Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Advocacy • Advocacy is the act of exerting pressure on some aspect of the community in order to improve the resources available to clients Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Ways to Advocate • • • • • • Serve on boards of agencies, Press for specific legislation, Write newspaper columns, Join protests of various kinds, Write to legislators, Educate others (e.g workshops, presentations) Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Case Management • Its goal is to assure that a client receives the sequence of services needed in a timely and coordinated way • Its instrument is the case plan • Its tasks include coordinating, sequencing, communicating, and following through Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Community Counseling and Other Specialties • Similarities Practice draws on the same base of counseling theory Counselors deal with similar client problems • Differences Community counselors deal with adults Options are limited to those in community Counselor may spend equal time with client and resources Work setting is the community Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Typical Work Settings • • • • • • • • • Private practice The World Wide Web (cybercounseling) Mental health centers Substance abuse centers Rehabilitation settings Corrections and probations Job Service offices and one-stop centers Faith-Based Organizations Corporations and other organizations Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris-Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved ... health, and marital counseling), and a 600 hour supervised internship Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson... coordination, consultation, advocacy, and case management Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc... routines Career Development Interventions, 5th Edition Spencer G Niles and JoAnn E Harris -Bowlsbey Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc All Rights Reserved Managing Career Transitions