passive voice

Đưa chủ từ ở câu chủ động xuống làm túc từ cho câu bị động, nhưng trước nó phải có “by”.. Ex 2 : They thought that Mary had gone away.. Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages have b

PASSIVE -o0o -Quy tắc:

P: S + be + V3/ed + by O

1 Lấy túc từ ở câu chủ động ra làm chủ từ

2 Thêm động từ “to be”, nhưng phải cùng thì với câu chủ động

4 Đưa chủ từ ở câu chủ động xuống làm túc từ cho câu bị động, nhưng trước nó phải có “by”

Lưu ý:

-Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian sẽ được đặt ở cuối câu Trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn đặt trước “by”

- Nếu sau “by” là đại từ nhân xưng (me, him, her,….) hoặc people, someone, one , anyone , anybody , somebody , everyone , … … ta có thể bỏ.

- Nêú tân ngữ trong câu bị động chỉ s ưj v âjt

1 PRESENT

A: John delivers the newspapers every morning

S V O -> P: The newspapers are delivered by John every morning

S V O

2 PAST

A: My mother wrote that letter

S V O -> P: That letter was written by my mother

S V O

3 PRESENT

A: He is asking me a lot of questions

S V O O -> P: I am being asked a lot of questions (by him)

-> : A lot of questions are being asked to me (by him)

4 PAST

A: She was doing her homework at that time

-> P: Her homework was being done (by her) at that time

5 PRESENT

A: My mother has made these cakes

->P: These cakes have been made by my mother

S V O

6 PAST

A: They had prepared a dinner before we came

S V O -> P: A dinner had been prepared (by them) before we came

S V O

7 FUTURE

PERFECT

S + will / shall + have been + V3/ ed

A: They will have sold the house by May

→ P: The house will have been sold by May

8 PRESENT

PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

S+ has / have + been + being +V3/ed

A: They have been using the computer all day

→ P: The computer has been being used all day

9 PAST

PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

S + had + been + being + V3/ed

A: she had been waiting for Tim for hours when he came

→ P: Tim had been being waited for 2 hours when he came

TENSES FORMS EXAMPLES

10 MODAL

VERBS

(can, may, must

will, shall, have

to, used to, ought

to / be going

to…)

Ex: A: My friend can answer this question

S V O -> P: This answer can be answered by my friend

S V O

CÁC DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐÔNG KHÁC

1 Verbs of

opinion

(say / think / believe /

report / rumour )

Active: S + V + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2 Ex 1 : People say that he is a famous doctor. → It is said that he is a famous doctor → He is said to be a famous doctor Ex 2 : They thought that Mary had gone away. → It was thought that Mary had gone away → Mary was thought to have gone away Ex 3 : They say that he was a spy. → It is said that he was a spy → he is said that to have been a spy Passive:  It + be + V (P.P) + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2  S 2 + be + V (P.P) + to V O / to have + P.P

2 Verbs of perception ( see / watch / hear / notice / smell / feel… & make / bid / help / let) Active: S + V + O + V 0 / V- ing… Ex 1 : They saw her come in. →She was seen to come in Ex 2 : We saw Paul writing a letter → Paul was seen writing a letter Passive: S + be + V (P.P) + to V 0 / V- ing… 3 Verbs (advise / beg / order / urge / recommend / / decide / demand suggest / agree / be determined / be anxious…) Active: S + V + O (person) + to V 0 / V- ing + O (thing) Ex: George advised me to put my money in the bank. → George advised me that my money should be put in the bank Passive: S + V + O (person) + that + S’ + should be + P.P 4 Causative form Active:  S + have + O (person) + V 0 + O (thing)  S + get + O (person) + to V 0 + O (thing) Ex 1 : Yesterday, I had Paul repair my motorbike. → Yesterday, I had my motorbike repaired by Paul Ex 2 : I get her to make some coffee. → I get some coffee made Passive: S + have / get + O (thing) + P.P + by O (person) 5 Imperative form Active: V + O Ex: Sign your name here. → Let your name be signed here Passive:  (Don’t) let + O + be + P.P  Let + (not) + O + be + P.P EXERCISES Turn these sentences into passive: 1 They will hold the meeting before May Day → ………

2 Somebody has taken some of my book away → ………

3 They have to repair the engine of the car → ………

4 They may use this room for the classroom → ………

5 The teacher is going to tell a story → ………

6 The boy can’t solve this problem → ………

7 John used to visit My Cole at weekend → ………

8 They use milk for making butter and cheese → ………

9 They have provided the victims with food and clothing → ………

10 Luckily for me, they didn’t call my name → ………

11 People speak English in most every corner of the world → ………

12 The students are writing the lessons now → ………

13 Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory → ………

14 They told the new pupil where to sit → ………

15 Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness → ………

16 No one believes his story → ………

17 Do they teach English here? → ………

18 Did the teacher give some exercises? → ………

19 Have they changed this window for the laboratory? → ………

20 Is she making big cakes for the party? → ………

21 Will you invite her to your wedding party? → ………

22 Where do people speak English? → ………

23 Why didn’t they help him? → ………

24 How many games has the team played? → ………

25 Who are they keeping in the kitchen? → ………

26 What books are people reading this year? → ………

27 The teacher gave each of two exercise books → ………

28 Someone will tell him that news → ………

29 They have sent enough money to these poor boys → ………

30 They paid me a lot of money to do the job → ………

Turn these sentences into passive: 1 They saw him walk alon in the park → ………

2 The teacher is watching the student work → ………

3 We smell something burn in the kitchen → ………

4 The boss has hidden Mary photocopy those documents → ………

5 He won’t let you do that silly thing again → ………

6 She advised me to sell the house → ………

7 They begged us to help them → ………

8 He ordered us to clean the floor → ………

9 He recommends me to do the job → ………

10 She urges him to visit her parents as soon as possible → ………

11 Write down your name and your address → ………

12 Don’t do it again → ………

13 Take off your hat → ………

14 Let’s talk to her → ………

15 Don’t let the others see you → ………

16 He wants to have someone post theses letters → ………

17 He will have an optician test his eyes → ………

18 She is going to have a dress maker a new dress for hert → ………

19 We have had the maid clean the floor → ………

20 You’d better have your talor take your trousers in → ………

21 Some people assume that money brings happiness → ………

22 People expect that the economic situation will improve very soon → ………

23 People say that he was wounded → ………

24 Poeple believe that he was killed in the airplane crash → ………

25 Thet suppose that he lives abroad → ………

26 They reported that the president had suffered a heart attack → ………

27 They rumous that the President and his wife got divorced → ………

28 In the old days, people believed that the earth was flat → ………

Choose the best answer:

1 He broke my watch.

2 The teacher explained the rule to the student

3 He often ass me to help him

4 His friends never forgave his betrayal

C His betrayal was never forgave by his friends D His betrayal never forgave by his friends

5 I am sure we’ll settle the matter easily

6 We sent for the police

A The police was sent for B.The police was sent C.The police were sent for D.The police was sent for us

7 They speak much about this book

8 Have they tested all the machines?

9 Does he realize that they are laughing at him?

10 The manager offers me several jobs

11 I still can not believe it My bicycle some minutes ago

12 Some funny _ in class yesterday

13 The children’s arm was swollen because he by a bee

14 Today, many serious childhood diseases by early immunization

15 I with you on that subject

16 Many U.S automobiles in Detroit, Michigan

17 When I came, an experiment in the lab

18 George is Lisa

19 Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill It everything in its path

20 Dynamite _ by Alfred Bernard Nobel

21 _ this work _ before you went to Moscow?

22 If you about it, will you be able to answer?

23 Do you believe that such a problem can ?

24 “ Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something _ right now.”

25 The university by private funds as well as by tuition income

26 This picture _ by Johnny when I came

27 It must without delay

28 This exercise may _ with a pencil

29 The money to him 2 months ago, but it back yet

30 She could easily for a top model

31 My shirt _ by my sister on my last birthday

C English will be spoken at the conference D English at the conference will be spoken

A Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages have been translated

B Shakespeare's tragedies have been translated into many languages

C Shakespeare's tragedies have translated into many languages by them

D Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages have translated by them

34 Shakespeare wrote 'Romeo and Juliet' in 1605 can be changed into Passive Voice as

A 'Romeo and Juliet' was written in 1605 by Shakespeare

B 'Romeo and Juliet' in 1605 was written by Shakespeare

C 'Romeo and Juliet' was wrote in 1605 by Shakespeare

D 'Romeo and Juliet' was writed in 1605 by Shakespeare

35 They built this school in 1997 can be changed into Passive Voice as

C This school was built in 1997 D In 1997 was built this school by them

36 They are painting the kitchen now can be changed into Passive Voice as

DIFFICULT ACTIVE

1 Smoke filled the room

2 Moss covers the walls

3 You must see it to believe it

4 He wants someone to take some photograpgs

5 He likes people to call him “Sir”

6 She dislikes poeple taking pity on her

7 It is your duty to do this work

8 It was her duty to do this work

9 It is impossible to repair that machine

10 We enjoy writing letters

11 He has not slept in his bed

12 You ordered me about and i was tired of it

13 He recommends that new types should be fitted

DIFFICULT ACTIVE key

8 It was her duty to wash the dishes 8 She was supposed to wash the dishes