WriterÆs choice grammar reteaching grade 11

Grammar and Composition Grammar Reteaching Grade 11 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Permission is granted to reproduce material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only for classroom use; and be provided to students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with Writer’s Choice Any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without written permission of the publisher Printed in the United States of America Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, Ohio 43240 ISBN 0-07-823371-2 055 04 03 02 01 00 ii Contents Unit 10 Parts of Speech 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 Unit 11 Parts of the Sentence 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.5 Unit 12 Prepositional Phrases 13 Appositives and Appositive Phrases 14 Participles and Participial Phrases 15 Gerunds and Gerund Phrases 16 Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases 17 Clauses and Sentence Structure 13.2 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 13.10 Unit 15 Order of Subject and Predicate Indirect Objects 10 Object Complements 11 Subject Complements 12 Phrases 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 Unit 13 Nouns Demonstrative Pronouns Action Verbs Linking Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Prepositions Conjunctive Adverbs Subordinate Clauses 18 Adjective Clauses 19 Adverb Clauses 20 Noun Clauses 21 Imperative and Exclamatory Sentences 22 Sentence Fragments 23 Run-on Sentences 24 Verb Tenses, Voice, and Mood 15.1 15.4 15.7 Principal Parts of Verbs 25 Perfect Tenses 26 Voice of Verbs 27 iii Contents Unit 16 Subject-Verb Agreement 16.1 16.7 Unit 17 Using Pronouns Correctly 17.1 17.2 17.4 17.6 17.7 Unit 18 The Three Degrees of Comparison 35 Double Negatives 36 Dangling Modifiers 37 Capitalization 20.2 20.3 Unit 21 Case of Personal Pronouns 30 Pronouns with and as Appositives 31 Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns 32 Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns 33 Clear Pronoun Reference 34 Using Modifiers Correctly 18.1 18.6 18.7 Unit 20 Intervening Prepositional Phrases 28 Indefinite Pronouns as Subjects 29 Capitalization of Proper Nouns 38 Capitalization of Proper Adjectives 39 Punctuation, Abbreviations, and Numbers 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.10 21.10-11 21.12 21.13 Question Mark 40 Colons to Introduce Lists 41 Semicolons to Separate Main Clauses 42 Commas and Compound Sentences 43 Commas and Coordinate Adjectives 44 Commas with Parenthetical Expressions and Conjunctive Adverbs 45 Commas and Direct Address 46 Misuse of Commas 47 Dashes to Emphasize 48 Quotation Marks 49 Quotation Marks and Italics 50 The Apostrophe 51 Hyphens in Compound Adjectives 52 Answers 53 iv Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.1 Nouns Key Information A common noun is the general—not the particular—name of a person, place, thing, or idea The words paper, teacher, independence, and falsehood are common nouns This exercise provides a way to identify common nouns Most common nouns have a plural form and can be immediately preceded by the ■ Directions Next to each of the following words, write common noun if the word is a common noun Check your response by writing a sentence in which the precedes the common noun and the noun is in its plural form Write not common noun next to the word if the word is not a common noun calendar somebody common noun not common noun We the calendars on the wall pen _ book _ Gary _ problem you broadcast _ liberty weakness Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc goose _ 10 Harvard University Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.2 Demonstrative Pronouns Key Information A demonstrative pronoun points out a specific person, place, thing, or idea The demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these, and those This exercise provides a way to distinguish between a demonstrative pronoun used as a pronoun and the same word used as an adjective Replace the word with the If the sentence remains grammatical, the word is an adjective If you cannot replace the word with the, it is probably a demonstrative pronoun ■ Directions For each of the following sentences, write dem pro on the line if the underlined word is used as a demonstrative pronoun Write adj if the underlined word is used as an adjective Then rewrite the sentences labeled adj to show that the underlined word can be replaced by the I can pay for that I can pay for that book dem pro adj I can pay for the book These pineapples are delicious _ Try this on for size Whose shoes are those? _ That car is going too fast _ This is not difficult at all _ My parents like this song _ Paul, did you hear that? Those are not mine _ A lizard lives under these rocks 10 I’ve heard that joke before Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.3 Action Verbs Key Information An action verb tells what someone or something does A transitive verb is an action verb that is followed by a word or words that answer the question what? or whom? transitive verbs To decide whether a verb in a sentence is transitive, ask what? or whom? after the verb If an answer is given in the sentence, the verb is transitive This exercise provides a way to recognize ■ Directions For each of the following sentences, rewrite the sentence to the end of the underlined verb Add what or whom and a question mark Then answer the question The racer drank cold water George called his mother The racer drank what? George called whom? cold water his mother The wrestler lost the match _ The carpenter brought his tools In Portugal we visited Lisbon Cindy bought fried chicken for supper Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc You broke the calculator accidentally Rembrandt painted many portraits _ Our science teacher discussed nitrogen and its properties _ The cat cleaned its paws The lights of the car blinded me _ 10 The train approached the station _ Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.3 Linking Verbs Key Information A linking verb joins the subject of a sentence with a word or expression that identifies or describes the subject The most common linking verb is be in all its forms: am, is, are, was, were, will be, has been, was being This exercise provides a way to decide whether a verb is a linking verb or an action verb A verb is usually a linking verb if you can replace it with a form of be The new sentence should have about the same meaning as the original If, however, you replace an action verb with a form of be, the meaning of the sentences will change, and the sentence will probably be ungrammatical ■ Directions The verb in each of the following sentences is underlined Write action on the line if the underlined verb is an action verb Write linking if the underlined verb is a linking verb Then rewrite each sentence that contains a linking verb, replacing the verb with an appropriate form of be She grows roses The sky grew dark action linking The sky was dark The Tigers won the game _ Barney appears uncomfortable in his new boots _ The cement feels rough to the touch Karen feels energetic today Your haircut looks wonderful. Cautiously, the mouse looked around the corner The singer’s voice sounded clear and strong The cook sounded the dinner bell 10 We grew tired of the same old jokes. _ Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The campers felt the soggy ground beneath the tent Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.4 Adjectives Key Information An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun by limiting its meaning This exercise provides a way to identify adjectives Adjectives can answer questions about the nouns they modify Some of these questions begin with whose, which, how many, and what kind of those books many cows nice people two singers ■ Directions Each of the following sentences contains a blank that can be filled in with an adjective that answers the question following the sentence Rewrite each sentence, using your answer to the question in place of the blank _ flowers are beautiful Which flowers? A _ wrestler fell to the canvas What kind of wrestler? These flowers are beautiful A huge wrestler fell to the canvas people forgot their homework How many people? _ parents gave me a wallet Whose parents? We need a/an _ person to play the clown What kind of person? _ chair is completely broken Whose chair? Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc James became a/an _ architect What kind of architect? I borrowed _ hat and forgot to return it Whose hat? My sister caught _ fish for our supper Which fish? _ _ shirt is in the wash Whose shirt? The Oscar is a/an _ award What kind of award? _ 10 _ cats are sitting on the fence How many cats? Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 10.5 Adverbs Key Information An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb Sam drove downtown The cat slowly ate its food This exercise provides a way to identify adverbs Adverbs answer questions about the words that they modify Some of these questions begin with when, where, or how ■ Directions Each of the following sentences contains a blank that can be filled in with an adverb that answers the question following the sentence Rewrite each sentence, using your answer to the question in place of the blank John _ ate lunch The report says it will rain _ How did John eat? When will it rain? John quickly ate lunch The report says it will rain today Bob called _ When did Bob call? _ Rosa ran _ Where did Rosa run? _ This doorbell rings _ How does the doorbell ring? _ The colt ran _ How did the colt run? _ I have to tell my brother that he sings _ How does he sing? This bus goes downtown and then _ Where does this bus go? Penguins swim _ How penguins swim? _ Daryl arrived _ When did Daryl arrive? 10 Did you know that George Washington slept _? Where did George Washington sleep? _ Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 10 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Mike forgot his car keys, but he returned _ When did he return? Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.6 Commas and Direct Address Key Information Use commas to set off words or names that are used in direct address: Sam, can you hear me? This exercise offers a method for detecting words or names used in direct address First, see whether the person to whom the sentence is directed is named in the sentence Second, see whether the sentence would be grammatically correct if you deleted that word or name The word or name should be set off by commas if it meets both of these requirements In the previous example the sentence is directed to Sam, and the name Sam can be deleted ■ Directions For each of the sentences below, insert a comma or commas to set off any underlined word or name that is used in direct address Then test your response by doing the following: (1) indicate to whom the sentence is directed; (2) rewrite the sentence without that word or name If a comma (or commas) is not needed, write correct on the line Betty pick up the phone Betty wasn’t in class today Betty, pick up the phone correct Betty Pick up the phone Dana did you get the message? _ Chris please pick up a loaf of bread for me _ You pleased me with your performance. Remember to call me while you’re away my friend _ Sir I believe you dropped your wallet. Larry you work at the mall? _ Will you be eating with us tonight Alma? _ Bill needs to put gas in the car if he takes it anywhere. _ Shirley dropped the vase as she moved it. _ 10 Students turn to the sixth page of the test 46 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.6 Misuse of Commas Key Information A comma should never be used between a subject and its verb An error will occur if a writer puts a comma after what seems to be—but is not—an introductory phrase or clause This exercise provides a method to help you avoid this error to stand as a complete sentence Do not use a comma unless the words following the comma can stand alone If a comma sets off an introductory element, everything following the comma should be able CORRECT: When we arrived, the party started INCORRECT: Why he left, is a mystery to me ■ Directions For each of the sentences below, write correct on the line if the comma sets off an introductory element Then write everything to the right of the comma as a complete sentence If the comma is used incorrectly, write incorrect on the line Then rewrite the sentence correctly, eliminating the comma Whatever you do, don’t look in the oven! Whatever you said, offended her correct incorrect Don’t look in the oven Whatever you said offended her Whenever Paul watches television, he turns up the volume What you said last night, was not nice _ Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Whomever he visits, greets him warmly. When you pay a visit, bring a gift. _ Why you want to spend your allowance, is a mystery to me While you’re away, be sure to write _ Because the sun can damage the skin, it is a good idea to wear sunscreen _ Whenever you want to eat, is fine with me _ When your aunt visited us last week, she cooked two wonderful meals _ 10 To drive around aimlessly, is a waste of gas _ Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 47 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.7 Dashes to Emphasize Key Information A dash (—) can set off and emphasize supplemental information, but dashes can easily be overused This exercise provides a method for using dashes appropriately When you use dashes to emphasize information, see whether the information is “extra.” If it is, a sentence and its main idea will be clear to readers without the material that is set off: Sue yelled—loudly Sue yelled The second sentence still has the same basic meaning as the first No crucial information has been lost ■ Directions A dash or pair of dashes appears in each of the sentences below If the dash or dashes are appropriate, rewrite the sentence without the set-off information Your rewrite should have basically the same meaning as the original sentence If the set-off information is important, write important on the line Then rewrite the sentence correctly, eliminating the dash(es) John—looking around nervously—picked up the coin John picked up the coin Somebody—in this room—just won the raffle important Somebody in this room just won the raffle Give this gift to somebody—who really needs it _ Every May—without fail—my family goes to Ohio. _ I want to go somewhere—I have never been before Frank finally decided—at the last minute—to go with his friends _ Darlene—in spite of the noise—slept soundly. _ Jack moved up the hill—quickly _ You should call her—as soon as possible _ Pennie observed a snake—that is known to be venomous _ 10 I am glad—more than glad—to help you proofread your essay _ 48 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The book—sitting on my desk at home—is due at the library today _ Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.10 Quotation Marks Key Information Sometimes a sentence ending with quotation marks needs a question mark or an exclamation point This exercise provides a method for deciding whether such punctuation goes inside or outside the quotation marks Look at only the material that is inside the quotation marks How would you punctuate it? If you would use a question mark or an exclamation point, write that mark of punctuation inside the quotation marks in the original sentence Otherwise write the punctuation mark outside the quotation marks in the original sentence ■ Directions Each of the sentences below has no end punctuation (? or !) To decide where to write this punctuation mark, write the material inside the quotation marks as a separate sentence If a question mark or an exclamation point is needed in your new sentence, rewrite the original sentence with that end punctuation inside the quotation marks If your new sentence requires only a period, rewrite the original sentence with the question mark or exclamation point outside the quotation marks Paul asked, “Are we there yet “ Are we there yet? Paul asked, “Are we there yet?” Who said, “She walks in beauty like the night “ She walks in beauty like the night Who said, “She walks in beauty like the night”? Mary asked, “Will it rain today ” _ Did Peter reply, “I really don’t know ” _ Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Seeing the flames, Paul yelled, “Get out of the house ” Somebody asked me, “Can you tell me what time it is ” _ A baseball fan roared, “You better get a hit ” When your mom called you, why did you say, “Howdy, stranger ” _ How I love the song “I Walk the Line ” Once again my father asked, “Have you put gas in the car ” Did you say, “It’s time to leave, George ” _ 10 The admiral yelled, “Come back ” Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 49 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.10-11 Quotation Marks and Italics Key Information Italicize (underline) titles of books, newspapers, magazines, lengthy poems, plays, films and television series, paintings and sculptures, and long musical compositions Use quotation marks for titles of short stories, short poems, essays, articles, chapters, songs, and single episodes of a television series This exercise provides a way to determine whether you should use italics or quotation marks If the title refers to a part of a larger work, use quotation marks If the title refers to a lengthy or major work, use italics An article, for example, is usually part of a newspaper or magazine The newspaper or magazine itself is the larger or major work ■ Directions A title appears in each of the sentences below If the title should be italicized, underline it If the title requires quotation marks, enclose the title within quotation marks If you use quotation marks, explain why you chose them Have you read Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter? In the newspaper I read an article called “Cougars Win.” The article appears in a newspaper The poem The Raven is one of Poe’s most famous works My favorite magazine is National Geographic _ How many times have you seen the movie Star Wars? _ The essay Letter from a Birmingham Jail was written by Martin Luther King, Jr In your history book read the chapter entitled The Causes of the Vietnam War. _ Back in the 1950s Elvis Presley sang Love Me Tender _ We are reading The Tempest by Shakespeare in my theater class Is the television show Leave It to Beaver still broadcast? 10 The title of my painting is Full Moon _ 50 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc I believe Blue Suede Shoes is playing on the radio right now _ Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.12 The Apostrophe Key Information Use an apostrophe and -s to form the possessive of a singular noun An -s (without the apostrophe) is also added to nouns to indicate that they are plural, as in two cats What you if you know a noun ends in -s, but you are not sure whether possession is involved? This exercise provides a method for distinguishing between a singular possessive noun and a plural noun If possession is involved, you should be able to ask a whose question that is answered by the possessive noun Here is Bob’s cat Whose cat? Bob’s cat Since Bob’s is possessive, the apostrophe is required ■ Directions A word is underlined in each of the sentences below If the word is a possessive, show that the apostrophe is needed by writing a whose question Then write the answer to the question, adding the apostrophe before the -s If the underlined word does not require an apostrophe, write correct I saw Bills new house today Some of the teachers are attending a meeting Whose new house? correct Bill’s Freds car is brand-new _ Six of your friends called for you today These glasses are slightly cracked _ Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc In the forest we found a squirrels nest _ The quarterbacks jersey was ripped _ Birds of all sorts are lined up on the telephone wire This schools name is Jefferson High School. _ Dorothy and her companions traveled a great distance. Our teams best player was hurt during the last minute of the game 10 My cousins are in Europe this semester Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 51 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 21.13 Hyphens in Compound Adjectives Key Information A hyphen is often used to join the words that form a compound adjective Whether or not a hyphen is used in a compound adjective often depends upon the position of the adjective in the sentence This exercise provides a method for determining whether or not to use a hyphen in compound adjectives If a compound adjective precedes the noun it modifies, hyphenation is usually necessary his out-of-fashion clothing If a compound adjective follows the noun it modifies, it is usually not hyphenated His clothing is out of fashion ■ Directions Underline the compound adjective in each of the sentences below If the compound adjective requires one or more hyphens, rewrite the sentence correctly If no hyphens are needed, write correct She has an up to date hairstyle My mother’s cooking is out of this world She has an up-to-date hairstyle correct The well known writer won praise Six able bodied teenagers helped us move The new uniforms of the varsity team were purplish gray. Most people have a powerful desire to be well liked The ever excitable hamster leaped and twirled in the air _ The much admired film director won an award _ Disagreements were unavoidable because of the game’s ill defined rules Carmen always has a little known fact on the tip of her tongue _ 10 I am proud and pleased that my dogs are well trained 52 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 21 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The actor’s matter of fact attitude pleased the drama coach Answers ■ PAGE Possible answers: common noun; The pens are mine common noun; The books are new not common noun common noun; The problems must be solved not common noun common noun; The broadcasts we listened to came from around the world common noun; They sought the liberties of a democracy common noun; The plan’s weaknesses are obvious common noun; He found the geese that had escaped 10 not common noun ■ PAGE Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc 10 adj.; The pineapples are delicious dem pro dem pro adj.; The car is going too fast dem pro adj.; My parents like the song dem pro dem pro adj.; A lizard lives under the rocks adj.; I’ve heard the joke before 10 Your famous Cindy’s these Jesse’s impressive Three ■ PAGE Possible answers: today home loudly clumsily soon horribly east gracefully late 10 here ■ PAGE The peppermint in that jar is expensive Something inside the cooler has leaked Tim bought a dog with short ears ■ PAGE The fox stepped into the trap Possible answers: The wrestler lost what? the match The carpenter brought what? his tools In Portugal we visited what? Lisbon Cindy bought what? fried chicken You broke what? the calculator Rembrandt painted what? many portraits Our science teacher discussed what? nitrogen and its properties The cat cleaned what? its paws The lights of the car blinded whom? me 10 The train approached what? the station The computer by the door is broken ■ PAGE 4 10 action linking; Barney is uncomfortable in his new boots linking; The cement is rough to the touch action linking; Karen is energetic today linking; Your haircut is wonderful action linking; The singer’s voice was clear and strong action linking; We were tired of the same old jokes ■ PAGE Walt finished in time The biology teacher showed a picture of a heart A fish jumped into the boat The shape of Florida is unusual 10 The drum major practiced with his baton ■ PAGE Possible answers: therefore; Therefore, I think we should take jackets consequently; Consequently, we had to take the train however; However, North Dakota is colder furthermore; Furthermore, we will not have a quiz at all therefore; Therefore, we must repair it nevertheless; Nevertheless, I hope that he will not be reelected subsequently; Subsequently, the people poured out of the building therefore; Therefore, I have learned a lesson nonetheless; Nonetheless, it should be passed 10 moreover; Moreover, the state would pay for the job Possible answers: Several My funny Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 53 Answers 10 inverted normal; The fish swam inverted normal; The train departed inverted inverted normal; The traffic thins out normal; The shopkeeper finally locked the front door inverted inverted ■ PAGE 10 Possible answers: me; During math class somebody passed a note to me him; Chuck’s aunt mailed a gift to him Browns; A banker lent a thousand dollars to the Browns you; We are offering a real bargain to you no indirect object us; Last summer a soap company sent free samples to us waiter; Don’t leave a small tip for the waiter Dorothy; The principal granted to Dorothy permission to leave early no indirect object 10 me; Last Christmas Betty gave a radio and a clock to me ■ PAGE 11 Possible answers: winner; The referee named Evander to be the winner governor; Surprisingly the voters elected me to be governor guardian; Did you appoint John to be my guardian? comedian; They thought Sammy to be a fine comedian inappropriate; Mother considers your behavior to be inappropriate no object complement president; The student body appointed you to be president blue; I told the painter we want the house to be blue no object complement 10 no object complement ■ PAGE 12 10 54 pred nomin.; Achilles = warrior dir obj.; batter ≠ ball pred nomin.; Irish wolfhound = breed pred nomin.; brother = firefighter pred nomin.; John Tyler = president dir obj.; actor ≠ part dir obj.; dogs ≠ biscuits dir obj.; Charles ≠ piece pred nomin.; soldiers = friends pred nomin.; she = reporter Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 ■ PAGE 13 Possible answers: adjective adverb; I had never seen a porcupine until yesterday adverb; After class we can have a snack adjective adverb; There have been two world wars in this century adjective adverb; Susan called two friends before lunch adverb; For three hours the patients waited adjective 10 adjective ■ PAGE 14 appositive; renames Ms Hardy; My math teacher gave us a study guide for her test no appositive appositive; renames My friend; Sally has a black-andwhite cat no appositive appositive; renames O Henry; The author of Cabbages and Kings was actually named William Sydney Porter no appositive appositive; renames Jolene’s frog; A unique amphibian won the jumping contest appositive; renames Gustav Mahler; In music class we listened to a symphony by a famous composer from Austria appositive; renames Jason Winthrow; Our family doctor just returned from Europe 10 no appositive ■ PAGE 15 Possible answers: My shirt, torn during football practice, needs to be fixed Following every lead, the investigator solved the case Playing superbly, Paula won the piano competition The field mouse, startled by a kitten, scurried away The carefully lettered sign was easy to read Joy, fascinated by carpentry, took a woodworking class Clutching his elbow, the player left the field Adhering to his notes, the senator covered all the issues Inspired by the beautiful sunset, Mark wrote a poem 10 Pete, amazed by the spaceship, tried to take a picture Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE Answers ■ PAGE 16 10 gerund; It can be difficult pres part gerund; It is a good way to learn about other cultures gerund; It is an expensive sport pres part gerund; Suzanne studies it at the art institute gerund; If you want to exercise, try it pres part gerund; His memoir describes it gerund; It makes a ride safer ■ PAGE 17 10 infinitive; will arrive prep infinitive; will begin infinitive; will cry infinitive; will go infinitive; will check prep infinitive; will leave infinitive; will give prep Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE 18 main; A massive rock tumbled down the hill main; It caused no damage subordinate; main; We should go back to work main; This green comforter will look nice in my bedroom subordinate main; Clarence studied hard main; He failed the test main; Tom felt an urge to call home subordinate main; The wind is blowing hard main; The sky is a perfect blue subordinate; main; We canceled our fishing trip subordinate; main; I could not sleep well main; Today I talked to Ms Gomez subordinate 10 main; Mary called yesterday main; I took a message ■ PAGE 19 This picture was drawn by an artist whom I once knew The car that she bought is well made Will you lend me the book that you just finished? Diane received a letter from a teacher whom she remembers well Clay finally finished the essay that he was working on Here is the pizza that you ordered Please replace the mirror that you broke A person whom I admire is Ms Valdez The song that you are playing sounds familiar 10 Be sure to say hello to the people whom we met in Chile Annie has complained ever since we boarded this bus We lost the game although our team played valiantly When its mother called, the calf looked surprised Because three actors were ill, the play was canceled The children rushed to the door after the bell sounded 10 If you feel lonely, be sure to call me ■ PAGE 21 10 noun cl.; For your birthday you can have it noun cl.; Somebody was hungry noun cl.; We must decide it other cl other cl noun cl.; I have to know it noun cl.; Be sure to thank somebody other cl noun cl.; It is a mystery to me noun cl.; Did you forget it? ■ PAGE 22 10 exclamatory (You); imperative (You); imperative (You); imperative (You); imperative exclamatory exclamatory (You); imperative (You); imperative (You); imperative ■ PAGE 23 Our nation needs to stamp out illiteracy, which affects many people Sandra called her mother, who is visiting friends in Utah We voted for Erica, whose platform made the most sense Let’s go to my house, where it is quiet At the mall we ran into Mr Scott, whom we had seen earlier at the park Mishio decided to study the clarinet, which is a woodwind instrument We took cover in Maria’s tent, which was pitched securely Remind me to say thanks to Aunt Bea, whom I have neglected for too long See whether you can find Akeem, who should be upstairs 10 Karen took a train to Atlanta, which is her grandparents’ home town ■ PAGE 20 Possible answers: Wherever he goes, Paul likes to take his guitar Call Celia when you finish eating Because it began to rain, the crowd left the park The jury listened while the judge spoke Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 55 Answers Possible answers: My brother won the award We are proud of him My brother won the award; we are proud of him A giant panda came into view The animal was spectacular A giant panda came into view; the animal was spectacular A hush fell over the crowd The stillness was electrifying A hush fell over the crowd; the stillness was electrifying The phone rang Janet hesitated to answer it The phone rang, but Janet hesitated to answer it Your radio is not playing well I can barely hear it Your radio is not playing well; I can barely hear it My favorite show is on now Our television set is broken My favorite show is on now, but our television set is broken Sam finally finished his poem It was more than five pages long Sam finally finished his poem, and it was more than five pages long I became very cold I had to put on a jacket I became very cold, and I had to put on a jacket A horse galloped toward me It stopped a few feet away A horse galloped toward me, but it stopped a few feet away 10 The wind is brisk We should go sailing The wind is brisk; we should go sailing ■ PAGE 25 Possible answers: seen; I have seen a flying saucer eaten; We have eaten too much broken; They have broken the glass frozen; They have frozen the food worn; I have worn my new shoes today known; I have known about you for some time grown; They have grown fond of us torn; We have torn our uniforms ridden; We have ridden for hours 10 given; I have given up ■ PAGE 26 Possible answers: main verb; Jean’s family possesses a ranch in Montana perfect main verb; Do you possess a dollar I could borrow? main verb; Steven possessed terrible luck playing chess yesterday perfect perfect main verb; You may take a snack if you’re hungry main verb; Elizabeth possesses at least three rabbits of a rare variety main verb; Bernard and Marie possess new bicycles 10 perfect 56 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 ■ PAGE 27 10 The horse pulled the cart The Normans conquered England A needle punctured my air mattress Our cat chased the squirrel The team’s score impressed Rico An enormous guard tackled the quarterback You drew a beautiful picture A creative dentist invented a new toy Billy adopted a stray cat Antoine cut my hair ■ PAGE 28 10 is; One is crooked are; Some students are visiting us today are; Two anthills are enormous pleases; The smell pleases me are; The refreshments are ready is; One tree is more than a hundred years old is; The color is rather bright is; Her desire is intense seem; The sleeves seem too short is; His skill is impressive ■ PAGE 29 10 was; Neither one was the winner was; Each one was fascinating was; Neither one was very good was; I said that either one was fine was; Each one was young and strong was; Each one was pleased with the show seems; Neither one seems a good idea was; Each one was ready to give the answer seems; Either one seems fine was; Neither one was calling for me ■ PAGE 30 I; I traveled in Egypt he; When my uncle arrived, he talked for a solid hour she; Susan made a cake for the party that she will attend me; Somebody on the phone wants to speak with me we; Did you know that we are related? She; She will not be in class this Friday him; According to him, the science test was extremely long I; I need a topic for the term paper us; Can you suggest a vacation spot for us? 10 me; Judy asked me to help with supper Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE 24 Answers ■ PAGE 31 10 she; She tied for first place We; We club members decided on a new program I; I cleaned up the room I; Only I sent presents us; The contest involved us students he; He decided to play another game her; The ball sailed toward her me; The audience gave a standing ovation for me us; The fans applauded us he; He must plan the event after class ■ PAGE 32 10 brother himself; correct I myself; correct Joe and you should try to arrive on time That table is reserved for Carl and me Grandmother herself; correct The coach asked us to be ready for the game Are you going with Tina and me to the mall? Tom himself; correct dog itself; correct parents themselves; correct Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE 33 P; P; P P; P; P P; S; S; Some (P) of my pets have (P) their (P) own food bowl S; S; P; Everyone (S) on the football team brought (S) his (S) equipment S; P; P; Each (S) of the teachers is (S) wearing his or her (S) best clothes today S; S; P; Everybody (S) ate (S) his or her (S) breakfast S; S; S S; P; P; Neither (S) of my uncles has (S) children of his (S) own P; S; P; All (P) of us were (P) eating our (P) lunch when the alarm sounded 10 S; S; P; Neither (S) of my brothers is (S) prepared to give his (S) presentation today ■ PAGE 34 Possible answers: Put these carrots into the soup, please Did you lose this coin? We bought those appliances yesterday Did you see that creature? These books, however, are mine That mishap was terrible This door is open Does this pair look good with my dress? Sharon told him that those items were hers 10 Does this news upset you? 10 absolute; A peg cannot be a little square not absolute; This radiator is noisier than that one absolute; A place cannot be a little first not absolute; This piece of glass is the sharpest of the three absolute; A fit cannot be a little perfect not absolute; The water is now hotter than before not absolute; My mother is the smartest woman I know absolute; An assignment cannot be a little completed ■ PAGE 36 Possible answers: No (–); correct not (–); no (–); Terry did not write an essay during school not (–); none (–); I did not forget any of the refreshments for the party Nobody (–); correct none (–); correct shouldn’t (–); never (–); We should never fail to say “thank you.” cannot (–); nobody (–); Paul cannot find anybody with whom to study Neither (–); correct No (–); nothing (–); No one knows anything about that movie 10 Don’t (–); correct ■ PAGE 37 My friends called as loudly as I could dangling modifier Sadness heard the news dangling modifier The math problems used a computer dangling modifier The elevator door pushed the button too late dangling modifier We drove for hours correct A car jogged one night dangling modifier My curiosity heard a sound at the window dangling modifier The mother slept soundly dangling modifier This desk used my electric tools dangling modifier 10 We waited for the bus correct ■ PAGE 38 Possible answers: my uncle Grandfather Your father Grandmother Aunt 10 Cousin My sister his mom Your aunt Uncle ■ PAGE 35 Possible answers: not absolute; The cat in my yard is crazier than yours absolute; A theory cannot be a little unique Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 57 Answers Possible answers: French; France Scottish; Scotland Mexican; Mexico Irish; Ireland Australian; Australia Italian; Italy Japanese; Japan Indian; India Nicaraguan; Nicaragua 10 Canadian; Canada ■ PAGE 40 10 Where; question mark Do; question mark period period period Have; question mark What; question mark period Will; question mark period ■ PAGE 41 Possible answers: incorrect; I bought these items: pen, paper, and books correct; A carpenter needs several tools incorrect; This semester I wrote essays on these works: a poem, a short story, and a play correct; Your recipe calls for several spices correct; He belongs to two clubs incorrect; Tonight you should speak to three people: Bill, Judy, and Chris incorrect; I am studying five subjects: Spanish, math, English, biology, and history correct; My brother likes three football teams incorrect; Please bring some snacks: chips, dip, and cheese 10 correct; I found several specimens ■ PAGE 42 correct; A dog wandered down the worn path He intently searched for food correct; The car idled in the driveway It was nearly out of gas incorrect; The librarian said I owed a fine since I had an overdue book incorrect; While walking to the park, Sue twisted her ankle incorrect; Sometime last spring my parents bought a car correct; My soda is flat Therefore, I want yours incorrect; This book was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, a famous American writer correct; The rain is coming down hard Consequently, we should cancel the picnic 58 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 incorrect; I bought several items: cheese, mustard, and lettuce 10 correct; Karen's father is visiting today He will be here for a week ■ PAGE 43 correct; The teacher called your name You did not hear him incorrect; Betty read the same book I did but did not like it as much correct; I'll turn off the lights You lock the door correct; We went to the beach We didn't go swimming correct; You can finish your homework now You can it this weekend incorrect; One runner turned the corner and outdis tanced everyone else correct; Cindy’s mind went blank She quickly regained her composure incorrect; The elephant slept soundly but awoke when the lion approached incorrect; Dan ran down the stairs and out the door 10 correct; The day was bright I enjoyed myself ■ PAGE 44 incorrect; Today two kind aunts visited me correct; The elegant, beautiful model showed the audience the latest fashion correct; Peter called his loyal, obedient dog incorrect; A tall Roman soldier led the way incorrect; While shopping, Sharon saw a tempting red cotton jacket correct; The dignified, proud leader spoke to her people incorrect; We bought several expensive souvenirs at the museum incorrect; The campers awoke to see an enormous blue lake outside their tent incorrect; In the pond Timothy saw a thin black snake 10 correct; That is a raucous, loud song on the radio Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE 39 Answers ■ PAGE 45 Possible answers: Her friend, on the other hand, did not On the other hand, her friend did not correct We did well, nevertheless Nevertheless, we did well correct Are you going to the movie, by the way? By the way, are you going to the movie? As a matter of fact, I would like you to visit me this weekend I would, as a matter of fact, like you to visit me this weekend There are jobs for clerks, cooks, and accountants, for instance For instance, there are jobs for clerks, cooks, and accountants correct Nevertheless, the food is worth the price The food is worth the price, nevertheless 10 The tube, furthermore, has a small crack Furthermore, the tube has a small crack Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc ■ PAGE 46 Dana, did you get the message? Dana; Did you get the message? Chris, please pick up a loaf of bread for me Chris; Please pick up a loaf of bread for me correct Remember to call me while you’re away, my friend my friend; Remember to call me while you’re away Sir, I believe you dropped your wallet Sir; I believe you dropped your wallet Larry, you work at the mall? Larry; Do you work at the mall? Will you be eating with us tonight, Alma? Alma; Will you be eating with us tonight? correct correct 10 Students, turn to the sixth page of the test Students; Turn to the sixth page of the test ■ PAGE 47 10 correct; He turns up the volume incorrect; What you said last night was not nice incorrect; Whomever he visits greets him warmly correct; Bring a gift incorrect; Why you want to spend your allowance is a mystery to me correct; Be sure to write correct; It is a good idea to wear sunscreen incorrect; Whenever you want to eat is fine with me correct; She cooked two wonderful meals incorrect; To drive around aimlessly is a waste of gas ■ PAGE 48 (Note: Students may be able to defend alternative answers, given particular contexts.) important; Give this gift to somebody who really needs it Every May my family goes to Ohio important; The book sitting on my desk at home is due at the library today important; I want to go somewhere I have never been before Frank finally decided to go with his friends Darlene slept soundly Jack moved up the hill important; You should call her as soon as possible important; Pennie observed a snake that is known to be venomous 10 I am glad to help you proofread your essay ■ PAGE 49 Will it rain today? Mary asked, “Will it rain today?” I really don't know Did Peter reply, “I really don’t know”? Get out of the house! Seeing the flames, Paul yelled, “Get out of the house!” Can you tell me what time it is? Somebody asked me, “Can you tell me what time it is?” You better get a hit! A baseball fan roared, “You better get a hit!” Howdy, stranger When your mom called you, why did you say “Howdy, stranger”? I Walk the Line How I love the song “I Walk the Line”! Have you put gas in the car? Once again my father asked, “Have you put gas in the car?” It’s time to leave, George Did you say, “It’s time to leave, George”? 10 Come back! The admiral yelled, “Come back!” ■ PAGE 50 10 “The Raven”; title of a short poem National Geographic Star Wars “Blue Suede Shoes”; title of a song “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”; title of an essay “The Causes of the Vietnam War”; title of a chapter in book “Love Me Tender”; title of a song The Tempest Leave It to Beaver Full Moon ■ PAGE 51 10 Whose car? Fred’s correct correct Whose nest? a squirrel’s Whose jersey? the quarterback’s correct Whose name? this school’s correct Whose best player? our team’s correct Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 59 Answers ■ PAGE 52 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc 10 The well-known writer won praise Six able-bodied teenagers helped us move correct The actor’s matter-of-fact attitude pleased the drama coach correct The ever-excitable hamster leaped and twirled in the air The much-admired film director won an award Disagreements were unavoidable because of the game’s ill-defined rules Carmen always has a little-known fact on the tip of her tongue correct 60 Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11 ... Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 11 11 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 11. 5 Subject Complements Key Information A... Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 11 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 11. 5... Writer’s Choice: Grammar Reteaching, Grade 11, Unit 11 Grammar Reteaching Name Class Date 11. 5 Indirect Objects Key Information An indirect