ĐỀ THI MINH HỌA KỲ THI TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG QUỐC GIA NĂM 2017 MÔN HÓA HỌC có lời giải

B GIO DC V O TO MINH HA Kè THI TRUNG HC PH THễNG QUC GIA NM 2017 Mụn: KHOA HC T NHIấN HểA HC Thi gian lm bi: 50 phỳt, khụng k thi gian phỏt ( thi cú 40 cõu / trang) Cho bit nguyờn t ca cỏc nguyờn t : H =1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S =32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Ag = 108; Ba=137 Cõu 1: Kim loi cú lng riờng nh nht l A Hg B Cs C Al D Li + 2+ 2+ 3+ Cõu 2: Trong cỏc ion sau: Ag , Cu Fe Au Ion cú tớnh oxi húa mnh nht l A Ag+ B Cu2+ C Fe2+ D Au3+ Cõu 3: Cho 0,78 gam kim loi kim M tỏc dng ht vi H 2O, thu c 0,01 mol khớ H Kim loi M l A Li B Na C K D Rb Cõu 4: Cho mu nc cng cha cỏc ion: Ca2+, Mg2+ v HCO3 Hoỏ cht c dựng lm mm mu nc cng trờn l A HCl B Na2CO3 C H2SO4 D NaCl Cõu 5: Oxit nhụm khụng cú tớnh cht hoc ng dng no sau õy? A D tan nc B Cú nhit núng chy cao C L oxit lng tớnh D Dựng iu ch nhụm Cõu 6: Thớ nghim no sau õy khụng cú s hũa tan cht rn? A Cho Cr(OH)3 vo dung dch HCl B Cho Cr vo dung dch H 2SO4 loóng, núng C Cho Cr vo dung dch H2SO4 c, ngui D Cho CrO3 vo H2O Cõu 7: Kim loi Fe phn ng vi dung dch X (loóng, d), to mui Fe(III) Cht X l A HNO3 B H2SO4 C HCl D CuSO4 Cõu 8: Phỏt biu no sau õy sai? A Hm lng cacbon thộp cao hn gang B St l kim loi mu trng hi xỏm, dn nhit tt C Qung pirit st cú thnh phn chớnh l FeS D St(III) hiroxit l cht rn, mu nõu , khụng tan nc Cõu 9: Kim loi no sau õy phn ng c vi dung dch FeSO v dung dch HNO3 c, ngui? A Mg B Al C Cr D Cu Cõu 10: Cho dóy cỏc cht: Ag, Fe 3O4, Na2CO3 v Fe(OH)3 S cht dóy tỏc dng c vi dung dch H2SO4 loóng l A B C D Cõu 11: Phng trỡnh hoỏ hc no sau õy sai? A Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 B Al(OH) + 3HCl AlCl3 + 3H 2O C Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O D 2Cr + 6HCl 2CrCl + 3H2 Cõu 12: Hũa tan hon ton 5,85 gam bt kim loi M vo dung dch HCl, thu c 7,28 lớt khớ H (ktc) Kim loi M l A Mg B Al C Zn D Fe Cõu 13: Kh hon ton mt lng Fe3O4 bng H d, thu c cht rn X v m gam H 2O Hũa tan ht X dung dch HCl d, thu c 1,008 lớt khớ H (ktc) Giỏ tr ca m l A 0,72 B 1,35 C 0,81 D 1,08 Cõu 14: Hiu ng nh kớnh l hin tng Trỏi t m dn lờn cỏc bc x cú bc súng di vựng hng ngoi b khớ quyn gi li m khụng bc x ngoi v tr Khớ no di õy l nguyờn nhõn http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang chớnh gõy hiu ng nh kớnh? A O2 B SO2 C CO2 D N2 Cõu 15: Etyl axetat cú cụng thc húa hc l A CH3COOCH3 B CH3COOC2H5 C HCOOCH3 D HCOOC2H5 Cõu 16: Phỏt biu no sau õy ỳng? A Dung dch saccaroz phn ng vi Cu(OH) to dung dch mu xanh lam B Xenluloz b thu phõn dung dch kim un núng C Glucoz b thy phõn mụi trng axit D Tinh bt cú phn ng bc Cõu 17: Thy phõn este X (C4H6O2) mụi trng axit, thu c anehit Cụng thc ca X l A CH3COOCH3 B CH3COOCH=CH2 C CH2=CHCOOCH3 D HCOOCH2CH=CH2 Cõu 18: S amin cú cụng thc phõn t C 3H9N l A B C D Cõu 19: Amino axit cú phõn t nh nht l A Glyxin B Alanin C Valin D Lysin Cõu 20: Cho 0,15 mol axit glutamic vo 175 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung dch X Cho dung dch NaOH d vo X Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, s mol NaOH tham gia phn ng l A 0,50 mol B 0,65 mol C 0,35 mol D 0,55 mol Cõu 21: T no sau õy l t nhõn to? A T nilon6,6 B T tm C T nitron D T visco Cõu 22: Hỡnh v sau õy mụ t thớ nghim iu ch cht hu c Y: Phn ng no sau õy xy thớ nghim trờn? A 2C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 (C6H11O6)2Cu + H2O o H 2SO ,t B CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O C H2NCH2COOH + NaOH H2NCH2COONa + H2O D CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O Cõu 23: t chỏy hon ton m gam hn hp glucoz v saccaroz, thu c 6,72 lớt khớ CO (ktc) v 5,04 gam H2O Giỏ tr ca m l A 8,36 B 13,76 C 9,28 D 8,64 Cõu 24: Phỏt biu no sau õy sai ? A Glyxin, alanin l cỏc amino axit B Geranyl axetat cú mựi hoa hng C Glucoz l hp cht chc D T nilon 6,6 v t nitron u l protein Cõu 25: Hũa tan hon ton hn hp X gm CuSO4 v KCl vo H2O, thu c dung dch Y in phõn Y (cú mng ngn, in cc tr) n H 2O bt u in phõn c hai in cc thỡ dng in phõn S mol khớ thoỏt anot bng ln s mol khớ thoỏt t catot Phn trm lng ca CuSO X l: A 61,70% B 44,61% C 34,93% D 50,63% Cõu 26: Nh t t 62,5 ml dung dch hn hp Na 2CO3 0,08M v KHCO3 0,12M vo 125 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M v khuy u Sau cỏc phn ng, thu c V ml khớ CO (ktc) Giỏ tr ca V l http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Cht hu c Y Trang A 224 B 168 C 280 D 200 Cõu 27: Nung 7,84 gam Fe khụng khớ, sau mt thi gian, thu c 10,24 gam hn hp rn X Cho X phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO (loóng, d), thu c V ml khớ NO (sn phm kh nht ca N +5, ktc) Giỏ tr ca V l A 2240 B 3136 C 2688 D 896 Cõu 28: Hũa tan Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 (loóng, d), thu c dung dch X Cho dóy cỏc cht: KMnO4, Cl2, NaOH, Na2CO3, CuSO4, Cu v KNO3 S cht dóy tỏc dng c vi X l: A B C D Cõu 29: Cho cỏc phỏt biu sau: (a) Cỏc oxit ca kim loi kim th phn ng vi CO to thnh kim loi (b) Cỏc kim loi Ca, Fe, Al v Na ch iu ch c bng phng phỏp in phõn núng chy (c) Cỏc kim loi Mg, K v Fe u kh c ion Ag + dung dch thnh Ag (d) Cho Mg vo dung dch FeCl d, khụng thu c Fe S phỏt biu ỳng l A B C D FeSO + H 2SO NaOH(dư ) Br2 + NaOH Cõu 30: Cho s chuyn húa sau: K Cr2 O X Y Z Bit X, Y v Z l cỏc hp cht ca crom Hai cht Y v Z ln lt l A Cr(OH)3 v Na2CrO4 B Cr(OH)3 v NaCrO2 C NaCrO2 v Na2CrO4 D Cr2(SO4)3 v NaCrO2 Cõu 31: Cht hu c X mch h, cú cụng thc phõn t C 4H6O4, khụng tham gia phn ng bc Cho a mol X phn ng vi dung dch KOH d, thu c ancol Y v m gam mt mui t chỏy hon ton Y, thu c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,3 mol H2O Giỏ tr ca a v m ln lt l: A 0,1 v 16,8 B 0,1 v 13,4 C 0,2 v 12,8 D 0,1 v 16,6 0 CH 3OH/HCl, t C H 5OH/HCl, t NaOH(dư ) Cõu 32: Cho s chuyn húa sau: X Y Z T Bit X l axit glutamic, Y, Z, T l cỏc cht hu c cha nit Cụng thc phõn t ca Y v T ln lt l A C6H12O4NCl v C5H7O4Na2N B C6H12O4N v C5H7O4Na2N C C7H14O4NCl v C5H7O4Na2N D C7H15O4NCl v C5H8O4Na2NCl Cõu 33: Tin hnh thớ nghim vi cỏc cht X, Y, Z, T Kt qu c ghi bng sau: Mu th Thớ nghim Hin tng X Tỏc dng vi Cu(OH) mụi trng kim Cú mu tớm Y éun núng vi dung dch NaOH (loóng, d), ngui To dung dch mu xanh lam Thờm tip vi git dung dch CuSO Z éun núng vi dung dch NaOH loóng (va ) Thờm tip To kt ta Ag dung dch AgNO3 NH3, un núng T Tỏc dng vi dung dch I loóng Cú mu xanh tớm Cỏc cht X, Y, Z, T ln lt l: A Lũng trng trng, triolein, vinyl axetat, h tinh bt B Triolein, vinyl axetat, h tinh bt, lũng trng trng C Lũng trng trng, triolein, h tinh bt, vinyl axetat D Vinyl axetat, lũng trng trng, triolein, h tinh bt Cõu 34: Cho cỏc phỏt biu sau: (a) Polietilen c iu ch bng phn ng trựng ngng (b) iu kin thng, anilin l cht rn (c) Tinh bt thuc loi polisaccarit (e) Thy phõn hon ton anbumin ca lũng trng trng, thu c amino axit (f) iu kin thớch hp, triolein tham gia phn ng cng H http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang S phỏt biu ỳng l A B C D Cõu 35: Ba cht hu c X, Y v Z cú cựng cụng thc phõn t C 4H8O2, cú c im sau: + X cú mch cacbon phõn nhỏnh, tỏc dng c vi Na v NaOH + Y c iu ch trc tip t axit v ancol cú cựng s nguyờn t cacbon + Z tỏc dng c vi NaOH v tham gia phn ng bc Cỏc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A CH3CH2CH2COOH, CH3COOCH2CH3, HCOOCH2CH2CH3 B CH3CH(CH3)COOH, CH3CH2COOCH3, HCOOCH2CH2CH3 C CH3CH(CH3)COOH, CH3COOCH2CH3, HCOOCH2CH2CH3 D CH3CH2CH2COOH, CH3COOCH2CH3, CH3COOCH2CH3 Cõu 36: Hn hp M gm mt este no, n chc, mch h v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k tip (M X < MY) t chỏy hon ton mt lng M thu c N2; 5,04 gam H 2O v 3,584 lớt CO2 (ktc) Khi lng phõn t ca cht X l A 59 B 31 C 45 D 73 Cõu 37: Nung m gam hn hp X gm FeCO3 v Fe(NO3)2 bỡnh chõn khụng, thu c cht rn nht l Fe2O3 v 0,45 mol hn hp gm NO v CO2 Mt khỏc, cho m gam X phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 (loóng, d), thu c V lớt (ktc) hn hp khớ gm CO v NO (sn phm kh nht ca N +5) Bit cỏc phn ng xy hon ton Giỏ tr ca V l A 6,72 B 4,48 C 3,36 D 5,60 Cõu 38: Hn hp E gm hai este n chc, l ng phõn cu to ca v u cha vũng benzen t chỏy hon ton m gam E cn va 8,064 lớt khớ O (ktc), thu c 14,08 gam CO v 2,88 gam H 2O Mt khỏc, cho m gam E phn ng ti a vi dung dch cha 2,4 gam NaOH, thu c dung dch T cha hai mui Khi lng mui ca axit cacboxylic T l A 1,64 gam B 2,72 gam C 3,28 gam D 2,46 gam Cõu 39: Nung hn hp X gm a mol Mg v 0,25 mol Cu(NO 3)2, sau mt thi gian, thu c cht rn Y v 0,45 mol hn hp khớ Z gm NO2 v O2 Cho Y phn ng va vi dung dch cha 1,3 mol HCl, thu c dung dch ch cha m gam hn hp mui clorua v 0,05 mol hn hp khớ T (gm N2 v H2 cú t so vi H2 l 11,4) Giỏ tr ca m gn nht vi giỏ tr no sau õy? A 82 B 74 C 72 D 80 Cõu 40: X l amino axit cú cụng thc H 2NCnH2nCOOH, Y l axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h Cho hn hp E gm peptit Ala-X-X v Y tỏc dng va vi 450 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c m gam mui Z t chỏy hon ton Z cn 25,2 lớt khớ O (ktc), thu c N2, Na2CO3 v 50,75 gam hn hp gm CO2 v H2O Khi lng ca mui cú phõn t nh nht Z l A 14,55 gam B 12,30 gam C 26,10 gam D 29,10 gam HT http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang PHN TCH NH HNG GII MINH HA S NM 2017 Cõu 1: Chn D Kim loi cú lng riờng nh nht l Li v kim loi cú lng riờng ln nht l Os Cõu 2: Chn D Tớnh oxi húa gim dn theo dóy sau : Au 3+ > Ag+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ Cõu 3: Chn C 0, 78 M= = 39 : K 0, 01.2 Cõu 4: Chn B Dựng Na2CO3 loi b Ca 2+ v Mg2+ mu nc trờn : Ca2+ + CO32- CaCO3 v Mg2+ + CO32- MgCO3 Cõu 5: Chn A Cõu 6: Chn C Cr, Al v Fe khụng tỏc dng vi H 2SO4 v HNO3 c ngui Cõu 7: Chn A Cõu 8: Chn A Hm lng cacbon thộp thp hn gang Trong gang hm lng C l 5% v hm lng C thộp l 0,01 2% Cõu 9: Chn A Mg + FeSO4 MgSO4 + Fe v 3Mg + 8HNO 3(c, ngui) 3Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO + H2O Cõu 10: Chn C Cú cht tỏc dng c vi dung dch H 2SO4 loóng l Fe3O4, Na2CO3 v Fe(OH)3 (1) 4H2SO4 + Fe3O4 FeSO + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O (2) H2SO4 + Na2CO3 Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O (3) H2SO4 + Fe(OH) Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O Cõu 11: Chn D Cõu 12: Chn B 2n m 5,85a a = BT:e n M = H2 M M = M = M = 27 Vy M l Al (vi a l s oxi húa ca M) a nM 0,65 Cõu 13: Chn D n BT:e n Fe = n H = 0,045mol n H 2O = 4n Fe3O = Fe = 0,06 mol m H 2O = 1,08(g) Cõu 14: Chn C Cõu 15: Chn B Cõu 16: Chn A B Sai, Xenluloz, tinh bt, manto z v saccaroz ch b thy phõn mụi trng axit C Sai, Glucoz l mono saccarit nờn khụng b thy phõn D Sai, Tinh bt khụng tham gia phn ng bc Cõu 17: Chn B CH3COOCH=CH2 + NaOH CH3COONa + CH3CHO Cõu 18: Chn C Cú ng phõn amin cú CTPT l C 3H9N : nC3H7NH2, isoC3H7NH2, CH3NHC2H5 v (CH3)3N Cõu 19: Chn A Amino axit cú phõn t nh nht l NH 2CH2COOH (MGlyxin = 75) Cõu 20: Chn B http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang - Ta cú n NaOH = 2n NH 2C 3H (COOH)2 + n HCl = 0,65mol Cõu 21: Cõu D Cõu 22: Cõu B - Dung dch X l hn hp gm axit cacboxylic, anol v H 2SO4 c Khi ung núng hi este bay lờn v c dn qua ng sinh hn (mc ớch l ngng t este) cht hu c Y cú ng nghim l este (vỡ este nh hn nc nờn ni lờn trờn dung dch) ngoi cũn cú ancol v axit (vỡ õy l phn ng thun nghch) Cõu 23: Cõu D BTKL - Khi t chỏy cacbohirat thỡ ta luụn cú: n CO = n O = 0,3 mol m = 8, 64 (g) Cõu 24: Cõu D Cõu 25: Chn B - Gi s s mol KCl X l mol, ú quỏ trỡnh in phõn xy nh sau : Ti catot Ti anot 2+ Cu + 2e Cu 2Cl Cl2 + 2e a mol 2a mol mol 0,5 mol 2H2O + 2e 2OH + H2 2b mol b mol BT:e 2n Cu + 2n H = n Cl 2a + 2b = a = 0,375mol - Theo bi ta cú : 4b = 0,5 b = 0,125mol n Cl = 4n H - Vy hn hp X gm CuSO4 (0,375 mol) v KCl (1 mol) 0,375.160 %m CuSO = 100 = 44,61 0,375.160 + 1.74,5 Cõu 26: Cõu D n Na 2CO3 : n NaHCO = 0, 08 : 0,12 n Na 2CO = 3,57.10 mol - Ta cú h sau: 2n Na 2CO3 + n NaHCO3 = 0, 0125 n NaHCO3 = 5,36.10 mol VCO = 22, 4.(n Na 2CO3 + n NaHCO3 ) = 0, (l) = 200 ml Cõu 27: Cõu D 10, 24 7,84 3n 2n O = 0,15 mol VNO = 22, Fe - Ta cú: n O = ữ = 0,896 (l) 16 Cõu 28: Cõu C - Dung dch X cha Fe2+, Fe3+, H+ d, SO42- 2KMnO + 10FeSO + 8H 2SO 5Fe (SO ) + K 2SO + 2MnSO + 4H 2O 2Fe 2+ + Cl 2Fe 3+ + 2Cl Fe(OH) ; Fe 2+ + 3OH Fe(OH) H + + OH H 2O ; Fe 2+ + 2OH 2H + + CO32 CO + H 2O; Fe 3+ + CO 32 + 2H 2O Fe(OH) + CO + H + ; Fe 2+ + CO 32 FeCO Cu + 2Fe 3+ Cu 2+ + 2Fe 2+ 3Fe 2+ + 4H + + NO 3Fe 3+ + NO + 2H 2O Cõu 29: Cõu A (a) Sai, Cỏc oxit ca kim loi kim th khụng phn ng vi CO (b) Sai, Ch cú Cỏc kim loi Al c bng phng phỏp in phõn núng chy cỏc kim loi cũn li cũn cú th iu ch bng phng phỏp in phõn dung dch hoc nhit luyn (ch i vi Fe) http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang (c) Sai, K khụng kh c ion Ag + dung dch thnh Ag (d) ỳng, Cho Mg vo dung dch FeCl d khụng thu c Fe Mg + 2FeCl 3(d) MgCl2 + 2FeCl2 Cõu 30: Cõu C - Cỏc phn ng xy l: FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 (X) + H2O Cr2(SO4)3 + NaOH d NaCrO2 (Y) + Na2SO4 + H2O NaCrO2 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 (Z) + NaBr + H2O Cõu 31: Cõu D n CO = : Y l C2H6O2 X l HOOC-COOCH2CH3 - Khi t chỏy ancol Y thỡ: C Y = n H 2O n CO M a = nY = 0,1 mol v m = 166n (COOK) = 166.0,1 = 16, (g) Cõu 32: Cõu A - Cỏc phn ng xy l: HCl HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOCH3 + H2O HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH + CH3OH to HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOCH3 + HCl HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH3Cl)COOCH3 (Y) HCl HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH3Cl)COOCH3 + C2H5OH to C2H5OOCCH2CH2CH(NH3Cl)COOCH3 (Z)+ H2O C2H5OOCCH2CH2CH(NH3Cl)COOCH3 + 3NaOH NaOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COONa (T) + CH3OH + C2H5OH + NaCl Cõu 33: Cõu A Mu th Thớ nghim Hin tng X (Lũng trng trng) Tỏc dng vi Cu(OH) mụi trng kim Cú mu tớm Y (triolein) éun núng vi dung dch NaOH (loóng, d), ngui Cu(OH)2 mu xanh lam Thờm tip vi git dung dch CuSO Z (vinyl axetat) éun núng vi dung dch NaOH loóng (va ) Thờm To kt ta Ag tip dung dch AgNO 3trong NH3, un núng T (h tinh bt) Tỏc dng vi dung dch I loóng Cú mu xanh tớm Cõu 34: Cõu A (a) Sai, Polietilen c iu ch bng phn ng trựng hp (b) Sai, iu kin thng, anilin l cht lng (c) ỳng, Tinh bt thuc loi polisaccarit (e) ỳng, Thy phõn hon ton anbumin ca lũng trng trng, thu c amino axit (f) ỳng, Triolein tham gia phn ng cng H cú xỳc tỏc Ni, to Cõu 35: Cõu C Cht X Y Z Cu to CH3CH(CH3)COOH CH3COOCH2CH3 HCOOCH2CH2CH3 Cõu 36: Cõu B - p dng bt bóo hũa ta cú: n a = (n H 2O n CO ) = 0, 08 mol n CO2 n < CO = Hn hp ban u cú cha amin (X) l CH3NH2 vi M = 31 n a + n este n a Cõu 37: Cõu D - Ta cú: C = http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang BT: C n CO = n FeCO n FeCO3 + 2n Fe(NO3 ) = 0, 45 (1) - Khi nung hn hp X thỡ: BT: N n = 2n NO Fe(NO3 ) Vỡ khớ thu c ch gm khớ nờn O2 ht n Fe(NO3 ) = n FeCO = 0,15 mol - Khi cho hn hp X tỏc dng vi H2SO4 loóng thỡ: BT: C n CO2 = n FeCO3 = 0,15 mol V = 5, (l) BT: e n Fe(NO3 ) + n FeCO n NO = = 0,1 mol Cõu 38: Chn B 2n + n H2O BT:O n E = n COO = CO2 = 0,04 mol - Khi t m gam E ta c : n CO2 2n H 2O : = : , vy CTPT ca hai este E l C8H8O2 (1) - Cú nE nE - Theo bi thỡ cho E tỏc dng vi NaOH thu c dung dch T cha hai mui (2) T cỏc d kin (1) v (2) suy este HCOO-CH 2C6H5 (A) v HCOOC6H4CH3 (B) n A + n B = n E n A = 0,02 mol - Xột hn hp mui T ta cú : n A + 2n B = n NaOH n B = 0,02 mol - Vy m HCOONa = 0,04.68 = 2,72 (g) Cõu 39: Chn C BT:O - Khi nung hn hp X thỡ : n O(trong Y) = 6n Cu(NO3 )2 2(n O + n NO ) = 0,6 mol - Xột quỏ trỡnh Y tỏc dng vi 1,3 mol HCl thỡ : n 2(n H + n H2 O ) BT:H n NH + = HCl = 0,02 mol (vi n H 2O = n O(trong Y) = 0,6 mol v n H = 0,01 mol ) - Hn hp mui gm Cu2+ (0,25 mol), Cl- (1,3 mol), NH4+ (0,02 mol) v Mg2+ n 2n Cu 2+ n NH + BTDT n Mg2 + = Cl = 0,39 mol m muối = 24n Mg + + 64n Cu2 + + 18n NH + + 35,5n Cl = 71,87(g) Cõu 40: Chn B Xột hn hp CO2 v H2O sau t Z ta cú : BT:O 2n CO2 + n H 2O = 3,15 n CO2 = 0,775mol 2n CO2 + n H 2O = 2n O2 + 2n Z 3n Na 2CO3 44n CO2 + 18n H 2O = 50,75 n H 2O = 0,925mol 44n CO2 + 18n H 2O = m hỗnưhợp - Xột hn hp E cú : + p dng bt bóo hũa t chỏy hp cht hu c ta cú : n XNa + n AlaNa = n H O n CO2 = 0,3mol 0, n RCOOH = n NaOH (n XNa + n AlaNa ) = 0,15mol - Xột hn hp mui cú : n XNa = (n XNa + n AlaNa ) = 0,2 molưvàưn AlaNa = (n XNa + n AlaNa ) = 0,1mol 3 - Gi m l s nguyờn t C Y ta cú : BT:C n.n XNa + 3n AlaNa + m.n RCOOH = n CO + n Na 2CO3 0,2n + 0,1.3 + 0,15m = n = 2ưvàưm =2 Vy X l NH2CH2COOH v Y l CH3COOH Hn hp mui gm NH2CH2COONa (0,2 mol), CH 3COONa (0,15 mol) v NH 2CH(CH3)COONa http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang (0,1 mol) m CH3COONa = 0,15.82 = 12,3(g) http://dethithpt.com Hn 200 thi th THPTQG file word cú li gii chi tit mụn HểA HC Trang