Cơ sở hóa học của sự sống

Là polymer được thành từ monomer là các acid amin. Chiếm tỷ lệ cao trong các hợp chất hữu cơ. có cấu tạo linh hoạt và có khả năng biệt hoá cao.

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Liên kết cộng hóa trị :gFZ%]%(C_P,%P<G(e/4aP2()COPFG2()COP@P28FZ%]@SP1/ gFZ%]-F,%%P'Z\C_P+8FRF%\C_P8F%F%\C_PT <G(e/2%P1J)8FR@%^%\C_PCOP1J)2.2. 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Các đường đôi ( disaccharide )2%  I  -    ?  a  @  %      I  FzC  K("%%()L  "%%")KIWR(e.glucoseα 1,2 fructoseL+'%8")Kglucoseα 1,4 glucoseL+8%")Kgalactoseβ 1,4 glucoseL+I-?"#yI'%8")%E%I"MC|'DE%"%Z+"%qC8")?Ce-?"P(eQ RC7%8")s'COP8")FC@%c'8F8"(-?"'8F Q%'Z"@+'i@(S)`')JhS&:;<0-=#->5?@A@0-1->5B@A@0-> ->5 1.3. Các đường đa (polysaccharide)gC8')-]I-K'')LE88")(COP8@$C8"%%()8COP"H_pCh@COPo<G(e/Z%s'YW'-]8")%Zs'SV.VB%'8")%@+TV.VB%'8C)FR%@OGF)sZZ8(,E%#+8)8(,E%Z#0hCOP%'8C)CO'%-Q%FM'iT.S-]8")K%'8C).U.&V-]L$)888")@"-]8")8&VV.SNVVV+FRJaZ'SW(i€"C.-> ,5D*E$-55->5SUF*ETinh bột Tế bào thực vậtVách tế bàoSợi cellulose trong vách tế bào thực vật 1.4. Vai trũ ca carbohydrate trong sinh vtgsCW8EE%"#+#pCI-+IRZyZ#W#s?8()#E%(,c(8)+8)FD p8")8")8sW8C-?8R'Z88")p]<G(e/}Z#h8V+SB'.%%YO88")F]ECO*8'8_?pC8C()G ĂÂÊÔƠƯƠƠĐăƠâêôơ-đÊÂƠƠ'($o8h+oR' G$8()Ia@C)%8C()8.C)+88C()%'%h'2. Cỏc cht lipidgC(s'(D+'àGIFR%@+%('R,-))+8C'+)`))+%(%)$8C($+2+1h?j%F3%0$hF@%(%)cij%1@t8_G-2%'8C(Q%H@"#8/'O8)8'O")8 $OFC@%(zF%?Y88C(F%2.1.Cỏc acid bộo: 8%(,-'(%%(C%8'/$2&.K$2LSU.$112+%(")%/$2&.K$2LSA.$112+\'(%FRKRL%(8)/$2&.K$2Lb.$2n$2.K$2Lb.$112SNF 5 , 2.2.Glycerid/*H8'µGm"FCE%'ZCOP8)8@&COP%(zK8)(L4C8'Z88)(2.3. Phospholipid/g,8C(("FCE%%'.12E%'ZCOP8)8@COP%(z+*'12j%a@SCOP2&31UC)C"C%)8a@'oFCOKLg)8'ZC"C8C(%\Cc#Z#+88*oj+DF+sD$COPC"C8C(SD%@RFl@yD%@CO.j%%(C"CyRFl@FRCOs'iE%%(z$C"C8C(88C(8@C'8C(R8-"cE%M'2.4. Các lipid khác: $")(C8"C)(88C()GFR%@+%('R,-$M%Ys'-]o8"C))4)(8)")("FCE%'ZCOP@%(z¶%H88)")8I\Ch'+)"")88')"(eSAHI(HJ(HI(HJ(KLM.->.-.,,*N-O !.->.-.,P-5>5 - [...]... trỳc: 3)8h-ME%'RC)'+ "+88%))8%".C)EE%(%'R8FF)%.+"+ '8R 5.3. Vai trũ vn chuyn: ãƠãẳããêôịƠããếăãêãếă ãƯẳã ãêôỏ ÂƠỉƯããããƠãịããêôƠƯãựãỉƯăÊ ÔâãĩÂăãƠăãããăãããƠ ẵĂããêôâããẵĂƠãừÂăãƠịƠã ãƯẳ ããêôãããịƠãƠƯâãã U  CƠ SỞ HÓA HỌC CỦA SỰ SỐNG  1. 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(H 2 O) Fu-?"#@'CD8@+_"j%@ 'TB+cZ#h@'v&H8-?0@8R-- M+"88@+,G8w%\_'CD8@ "8x""as'RI@$-?"#"%+C ?+Yc'RI@(d8c(%(F <Y'\HCOP@'ZP1J)%()y_G E%COP@*%+_PCOFRJj8'CO P@CO0OE%P1J)Fz'ZCD_PE%2()8' dOc-_GO'c%+*OE%P2() c-_(-m"CO+%COP@cFY%?8F  2. Các liên kết hóa học $G%HE%'Z@J]c"8" "aCJCE%_P8@CW8d <G(e/2()S_P8@Cd+%U+)NJ) A ... : ·`')8Jh"HM8C)$hJhCM j@G\__QM%$h8Z8E%CMj"H‚8R eCOP_%R(Yj%m0= 1.2. Cấu trúc cơ bản của enzyme M)`')Y8C)K DL0C)+ )`')hCjC7i)`')YSO'ZO' 'RM'ZF)'COP-?8C7Z"%'%('•%' %O'Z$%'%(%'%O'ZFR JCFY%'C8C)C(yYjo^"Z8CjCFR %E%COPC)?... h#&qFz%'%(?'F %E%'C8C)C(D%Y'\FR%? O' ZE%)`')Is'%'%(FRFY%.8Y I 1.3. Phương thức hoạt động của enzyme 7i)`')'Z 8#C?J]WF@C@CDPCMj %- yD8" CjC)`').-7iCOP)`')'Z O'Z+Q... 8'FC.'FRG_ "xFR-@- .5MWj%/8)`')]G.8]C2].8' %j8F,%ZC#E%)`')0%?%'Z"8F F'@OFRCOP 2.3. Nồng độ cơ chất và nồng độ enzyme Z%"CMj()`')F?'"]%p)sZ-. !FsZ-*-C5sZ-WY... s'C)D6' <G(e/8CC)s'C)a@8C( 8C)s'C)a@8( 2sDI8C)CK862)'L ;iC8C)CC8862)'8' 4. Các tính chất của protein .G\/\cCD+"8+ "aCJC%J%' COP - Tính đa dạng - Tính ổn định tương đối.)3)FMWGsG+ fy%"C)]'G"HK]GLYF__Z C2FR#8;G?JM%c_ZNV.bV  $0IFRMc @8FZ%]\D("8[8F2_%]... 'Z"8\_8F@,PE% F .$88F%HE88FZ%]8F Z" 8FQ%H88F(- K8h%()k%%8" -Fl@L 2.1. Liên kết cộng hóa trị : gFZ%]%(C_P,%P <G(e/4aP2()COPFG2() COP@P28FZ%]@SP1/ ... #]G E%C)?FRCe8F%Q%cYYF_ I¶  H8"sG+FCOPC)q(iJa8Zc8   IE% 5. Chức năng của protein 3)jW"H%( 5.1. Vai trũ xỳc tỏc: $)`')8'C)8@+ )`')F%$hJh ãậƠÂƠ-ếẹậƠấãẵăãăãƠĐãẵĂễì ãằƠủêứủê-ôãấÂọẻ SA ềããƠấ ỉễìủêẵÔđããƠƠããỉƠã Yh%H <G(e/C")E%*FC")E%8 5.2. Vai . CƠ SỞ HÓA HỌC CỦA SỰ SỐNG1. Các nguyên tố trong cơ thể sống . RC.$%K$L'FMSTB+?8F@UPF+F,-.2()K2L'FMSVB+8CDE%@D,-.0)K0LFM&B+%'%C)+%(8).$%8'K$%LFMS+NB8CDE%J-W+%*Q%H-+(XYJDFR'.3"CK3LFMSB+,%*Q%H?W8+CDE%%(8).5%8'K5LK3%""'L+FMV+UB8%K6LE+,%*Q%HZDF-.48[%K4LFMV+&B+'CDE%CD8@C).0%'K0%LK4('L+FMV+B8%E(]E%'R+,%*Q%HO^(]+(XYJDF.7%)"'K7LFMV+SB8CDE%Y_)`')Q%H+D''R.$8K$8LFMV+SB+8%K.LEE%(]-?+%*O^Z(].4aK9)LK9)'L!(+8CDE%)'8+'8'Z")`').>(K>L.(8CDE%')Cb 2. Các liên kết hóa học$ G%HE%'Z@J]c"8""aCJCE%_P8@CW8d<G(e/2()S_P8@Cd+%U+)NJ)A