Câu điều kiện và bài tập có đáp ánPosted by Đặng Hồng On Tháng Chín 16, 2016 0 Comment Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh có những loại nào, cấu trúc ra sao, cách sử dụng như thế nào.Các bạn
Trang 1Câu điều kiện và bài tập có đáp án
Posted by Đặng Hồng On Tháng Chín 16, 2016 0 Comment
Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh có những loại nào, cấu trúc ra sao, cách sử dụng như thế nào.Các bạn có thể tham khảo lý thuyết về câu điều kiện trong bài viết này và làm bài tập bêndưới nhé
Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh có 3 loại:
Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh
1 Câu điều kiện loại 1
Cấu trúc: If + S + thì hiện tại đơn, S + thì tương lai đơn
Cách sử dụng:
– Câu điều kiện loại 1 chỉ sự thật hiển nhiên như một quy luật tự nhiên hoặc hành động xảy
ra thường xuyên
– Đặt ra một điều kiện có thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai
– Nói đến khả năng, sự chắc chắn, sự cho phép, sự bắt buộc hoặc cần thiết
Ex:
+ If you heat ice, it turns to water
+ If you come into my garden, my dog will bite you
Trang 22 Câu điều kiện loại 2
Cấu trúc: If S + quá khứ đơn, S + would + V
Cách sử dụng
– Diễn tả điều không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, chỉ là một giả thiết, một ước muốntrái ngược với thực trạng hiện tại
Ex:
+ If I were a bird, I would be very happy
3 Câu điều kiện loại 3
Cấu trúc: If + S + quá khứ hoàn thành, S + would + have + Vpast participle
Cách sử dụng
– Diễn tả một điều không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ, chỉ mang tính ước muốn trong quá khứ,một sự hối tiếc, một giả thiết trái ngược với thực trạng ở quá khứ
Làm bài tập về câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh
4 Bài tập câu điều kiện có đáp án
Bài tập 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.
1 If we meet at 9:30, we (have) _plenty of time
Trang 32 If you (find) _ a skeleton in the cellar, don’t mention it toanyone.
3 The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she ( feed) _ the animals
4 If you pass your examination, we (have) _a celebration
5 Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _ for it in the fridge
6 What (happen) _if I press this button?
7 The door will be unlocked if you (press) _ the green button
8 I should have voted for her if I (have) _ a vote then
9 If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _?
10 If you (swim) _ in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold
11 If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) _?
12 The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _thick
13 If the milkman (come) _, tell him to leave two pints
14 I (call) _ the office if I were you
15 Someone (sit) _on your glasses if you leave them there
16 You would hear my explanation if you (not talk) _so much
17 What I (do) _if I hear the burglar alarm?
18 If you (read) _the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t haveanswered the wrong question
19 If Mel (ask) _ her teacher, he’d have answered her questions
20 I would repair the roof myself if I (have) _a long ladder
21 Unless they turn that radio off, I (go) _mad
22 If you were made redundant, what you (do) _?
23 We’ll have a long way to walk if we (run) _out of petrol here
24 If you shake that bottle of port, it (not be) _ fit to drink
25 If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _ you
26 I’ll probably get lost unless he (come) _with me
27 You (not have) _ so many accidents if you drove more slowly
28 If you (wear) _ a false beard, nobody would have recognizedyou
29 If she (leave) _ the fish here, the cat will eat it
30 You (have) _ no trouble at school if you had done yourhomework
31 Unless you (tell) the truth, I won’t help you
32 You’ll get pneumonia if you (not change) _ your wet clothes
33 If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus, I (not buy) _ it
34 If they (hang) _ that picture lower, people would be able to seeit
Trang 435 She (be) _able to walk faster if she didn’t have such high-heelshoes.
36 I (bring) _ you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty
37 If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) _ electrocuted
38 If the story hadn’t been true, the newspaper (not print) _ it
39 I (not buy) _ things on the installment system if I were you
40 Dan (arrive) _ safe if he drove slowly
Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống
1 If I the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded
in life as well as you have
a have B would have C had had D should have
2 I you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital
a would have visited B visited C had visited D visit
3 more help, I would call my neighbor
a needed B should I need C I have needed D I should need
4 then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and troubleover the years
a had I known B did I know C If I know D If I would know
5 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language?
a spoke B speak C had spoken D will speak
6 If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, this incident again
a I will never mention B I never mention
c will I never mention D I don’t mention
7 If I had known you were asleep, I so much noise when I came in
a didn’t make B wouldn’t have made
c won’t make D don’t make
8 Unless you all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you
Trang 5a answered B answer C would answer D are answering
9 Had you told me that this was going to happen, I it
a would have never believed B don’t believe
c hadn’t believed D can’t believe
10 If Jake to go on the trip, would you have gone?
a doesn’t agree B didn’t agree C hadn’t agreed D wouldn’t agree
11 J: “John went to the hospital alone”,
K: “If ,I would have gone with him”
a had he told me B he had told me C he has told me D he would tell me
12 If you , I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watchT.V, but I didn’t want to bother you
a had studied B-studied C hadn’t studied D didn’t study
13 Peter: “Did you need help with your Math last night?”
Mary: “If I had needed, I you”
a would call B called C would have called D will call
14 If someone in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
a comes B came C come D should come
15 “Here’s my phone number”
“Thanks I‘ll give you a call if I some help tomorrow”
a will need B need C would need D needed
16 If I didn’t work for an accounting firm, I in a bank now
a work B will work C have worked D would work
17 The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved
a was B is C were D had been
Trang 618-The education in Japan if the basic principles of education had not been takeninto consideration.
a would go down B would have gone down
c went down D had gone down
19 If there , the rice fields could have been more productive
a had been enough water B were enough water
c would be enough water D are enough water
20 The patient will not recover unless he an operation
a had undergone B would undergo C undergoes D was undergoing
21 If she him, she would be very happy
a would meet B will meet C met D should meet
22-If he a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post
a had had B had C has D has had
23 If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English
a will go B would go C went D should have go to
24.The bench would collapse if they on it
a stood B stand C standing D stands
25-If it convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight,
Trang 736 would have brought
37 would have been
38 wouldn’t have printed
Trang 9Câu bị động trong tiếng Anh dùng như thế nào?
1 Câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
– Câu bị động là loại câu được sử dụng khi chúng ta muốn nhấn mạnh vào bản thân mộthành động, chủ thể thực hiện hành động hay tác nhân gây ra hành động đó không quá quantrọng
– Cấu trúc: S2 + TO BE + PII
– Cách chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động
+ Tân ngữ trong câu chủ động (O) => chủ ngữ trong câu bị động (S2)
+ Động từ trong câu bị động luôn ở dạng: TO BE + PII (TO BE chia theo chủ ngữ mới của câu
Trang 10Thì quá khứ hoàn
thành S + had + PP.2 + O S + had + been + PP.2 + by + O Thì tương lai đơn S + will/shall + V + O S + will + be + PP.2 + by + O Thì tương lai hoàn
thành S + will/shall + have + PP.2 + O S + will + have + been + PP.2 + by+ O
S + modal Verb + have been +P2
2 Các trường hợp đặc biệt của câu bị động
2.1 Câu bị động có hai tân ngữ
My friend gave me a present on my birthday
>> A present was given to me by my friend on my birthday
I was given a present on my birthday by my friend
2.2 Câu bị động khi ngủ ngữ giả là “it”
Công thức: It + be + adj + for sb + to do st
Trang 11=> Bị động: It + be + adj + for st + to be done.
Ví dụ:
It is difficult for me to finish this test in one hour
=> It is difficult for this test to be finished in one hour
Nắm rõ các trường hợp đặc biệt của câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
2.3 Câu bị động của động từ đặc biệt
Các động từ đặc biệt đó là : suggest, require, request, order, demand, insist(on),recommend Với những động từ này, cấu trúc câu bị động là:
It + was/ will be/ has been/ is… + P2 ( of 8 verb) + that + st + be + P2
(trong đó “be” là không đổi vì động từ trong clause ở câu chủ động ở dạng Vinf)
Ví dụ:
He suggested that she buy a new car => It was suggessted that a new car be bought
2.4 It’s your duty to + Vinf
Trang 12=> bị động: You’re supposed to+Vinf
Ví dụ: It’s your duty to make tea today
=> You are supposed to make tea today
2.5 It’s impossible to + Vinf
=> bị động: S + can’t + be + P2
Ví dụ:
It’s impossible to solve this problem
=> This problem can’t be solve
2.6 It’s necessary to + Vinf
=> bị động: S + should/ must + be +P2
Ví dụ:
It’s necessary for you to type this letter
=> This letter should/ must be typed by you
3 Bài tập câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống
Chuyển các câu sau sang dạng bị động, với các từ cho sẵn
1 Somebody cleans the room every day (The room )
2 Lisa repaired the roof (had)
3 Did someone make those curtains for you?’ (have)
4 It’s impossible to take the tooth out (can’t)
5 Amy’s colleagues gave her a present when she retired (given)
6 Nobody told me about the meeting (I)
7 How much will they pay you for your work? (you)
8 I think you should have someone cut your hair short (get)
9 Has anybody show you what to do? (Have you)
10 It is expected that the strike will end soon (the strike)
11 I need to paint the wall (the wall)
Trang 1312 It is necessary to complete the work (must)
13 It’s his duty to look after his children (supposed)
14 My husband heard their conversation all night (talk)
15 My husband watch them fighting on the street when he passed by (watched)
Đáp án
1 The room is cleaned every day
2 Lisa had the roof repaired
3 ‘Did you have those curtains made?’
4 The tooth can’t be taken out
5 Amy was given a present by her colleagues when she retired,
6 I wasn’t told about the meeting
7 How much will you be paid for your work?
8 I think you should get your hair cut short
9 Have you been shown what to do?
10 The strike is expected to end soon
11 The wall needs to be painted.|The wall needs painting
12 The work must be completed
13 He is supposed to look after his children
14 They were heard to talk all night
15 They were watched fighting on the street by my husband when he passed by