THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2014 Mụn thi: HO HC- KHI A Thi gian lm bi:90 phỳt THPT LE QUI DON ( thi cú 04 trang) H, tờn thớ sinh: S bỏo danh: Mã đề thi: 529 Bit nguyờn t ca cỏc nguyờn t: H = 1; O = 16; C = 12; S = 32; N = 14; Na = 23; Ca = 40; Mg = 24; Fe = 56; Zn = 65; Cu = 64; He = 4; P = 31; K = 39 A PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH ( 40 cõu, t cõu n cõu 40) Cõu 1: un núng a gam este X n chc dung dch NaOH d to ancol Y v 16,4 gam mui natri ca axit cacboxylic Lng ancol Y lm bay hi cú th tớch bng 4,48 lớt ktc un núng Y vi H 2SO4 c nhit thớch M 37 Z hp to sn phm hu c Z cú M = 23 CTCT ca X l y A HCOOCH -CH B HCOOCH -CH -CH C C H5 COOCH -CH3 D CH 3COOCH -CH Cõu 2: Cho cỏc polime sau: PE (1), PVC (2), cao su buna (3), poli isopren (4), amiloz (5), amilopectin (6), xenluloz (7), cao su lu hoỏ (8) Cỏc polime cú cu trỳc mch h, khụng phõn nhỏnh l A 1,2,4,6,8 B 1,2,3,4,6,7 C 1,3,4,5,8 D 1,2,3,4,5,7 Cõu 3: Cht hu c X cha C, H, O thu phõn mụi trng axit thu c cht hu c t chỏy hon ton cht hu c trờn thu c th tớch CO bng (o cựng iu kin t 0, p) T hi ca X so vi CO bng CT ca X l A HCOOC H B C H COOCH C CH 3COOC H D HCOOCH Cõu 4: Khi t chỏy polime X ch thu c khớ CO2 v hi nc vi t l mol tng ng l 1:1 X l A poli propilen B cao su bu na C poli stiren D tinh bt Cõu 5: Nit cú hoỏ tr cao nht hp cht l A B C D Cõu 6: Oxi hoỏ gam mt ancol n chc c 5,6 gam hn hp gm anờhit, ancol d v nc Ancol ó cho l A ancol cha no B CH3OH C C2H5OH D C3H7OH Cõu 7: Thuc th dựng thờm phõn bit dung dch: Na SO , Na CO3 , BaCl , KNO A qu tớm B AgNO3 C NaNO3 D NaOH Cõu 8: X phũng hoỏ hon ton 8,8 gam este bng dung dch NaOH thu c mui X v ancol Y Nung ton b X vi oxi d thu c 5,3 gam Na2CO3, khớ CO2 v hi nc Chng ct ly ancol Y khan ri cho tỏc dng ht vi Na thu c 6,8 gam mui CTPT ca este l A CH 3COOCH B CH 3COOC H C HCOOCH D CH 3COOC H Cõu 9: t chỏy hon ton a gam este X cn 4,48 lớt O ktc Sn phm chỏy cho qua dung dch NaOH d thy lng dung dch tng 12,4 gam Mt khỏc phõn tớch a gam X thy tng lng ca C v H l 2,8 gam X l A C H O2 B C4H6O2 C C4H8O2 D C3H6O2 Cõu 10: Cho cỏc cht: NH3 (1), C6H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (CH3)3N (4), (CH3)2NH (5), CH3NH2 (6), NaOH (7) Dóy cht cú th t tớnh baz gim dn l A > > > > > > B > > > > > > C > > > > > > D > > > > > > Cõu 11: Thu phõn peptit H N-CH -CO-HN-CH(CH )-CO-NH-CH(COOH)-(CH ) -COOH thu c sn phm l A khụng xỏc nh c B alanin, glixin C axit glutamic, alanin, glixin D axit glutamic, alanin Cõu 12: Cho cỏc dung dch riờng bit cha cỏc cht: anilin (1), metylamin (2), glixin (3), axit glutamic (4), axit 2,6- iaminohexanoic (5), H2NCH2COONa (6) Cỏc dung dch lm qu tớm hoỏ xanh l A 1, B 2, 3, C 2, D 2, 5, Cõu 13: Cho 0,1 mol mt -amino axit X tỏc dng va vi dung dch 0,1 mol NaOH thu c 16,8 gam mui Mt khỏc 0,1 mol X tỏc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M CTCT ca X l A H N-(CH )2 -CH(NH )-COOH B H N-(CH )4 -CH(NH )-COOH C HOOC-(CH )3 -CH(NH )-COOH D H N-(CH )3 -CH(NH )-CH -COOH Trang 1/4 - Mó thi 529 Cõu 14: Ho tan hn hp mui KNO 3, NaCl vo nc c dung dch X Cụ cn cn thn X c cht rn Y cú cha s loi tinh th l A B C D Cõu 15: Cho cỏc cht: O2 N(CH2 )6 NO , Br(CH )6 Br, Fe, dd HCl, dd NaOH, O ,Cu điều kiện phản ứng có đủ Ch c phộp dựng cỏc cht trờn iu ch nilon -6,6 S phn ng cn ti thiu l A B C D o Cõu 16: Trn th tớch bng ca C3H8 v O2 t phũng ri bt tia la in t chỏy hon ton Sau lm lnh a hn hp v to ban u Th tớch hn hp khớ sau (Vs) so vi th tớch hn hp khớ ban u (V) l A Vs > V B Vs : V = : 10 C Vs = V D Vs = 0,5 V Cõu 17: t chỏy 0,39 gam cht hu c X hoc Y u thu c 1,32 gam CO v 0,27 gam H2O, d X Y = Cụng thc phõn t ca X v Y ln lt l A C8H8 v C2H2 B C2H2 v C6H6 C C6H6 v C2H2 D C4H4 v C2H2 Cõu 18: Ho tan hon ton 20,9 gam hn hp gm Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu dung dch H 2SO4 c, núng d thu c 10,08 lớt khớ SO2 ktc l sn phm kh nht S gam mui dung dch sau phn ng l A 32,4 B 46,4 C 64,1 D khụng xỏc nh c Cõu 19: C5H8O2 l este mch h Khi x phũng hoỏ thỡ s ng phõn cho anờhit v s ng phõn cho mui ca axit khụng no ln lt l A 4, B 4, C 2, D 3, Cõu 20: X l cht hu c cha C, H, O cú th cho phn ng gng v phn ng vi dung dch NaOH t chỏy ht a mol X thu c tng cng 3a mol CO2 v H2O X l A CHO-CH2-COOH B HOOC-COOH C HCOOCH3 D CHO COOH Cõu 21: Thuc th nht phõn bit dung dch MgCl2, Na2CO3, Na2SiO3 l A dung dch NaOH B dung dch HCl C dung dch KNO3 D dung dch KCl Cõu 22: Cho bt Zn vo dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 , kt thỳc phn ng c cht rn X cha kim loi v dung dch Y Cho dung dch NaOH d vo Y thu c A Mg(OH)2 B Mg(OH)2, Cu(OH)2 C Mg(OH)2, Zn(OH)2 D Zn(OH)2 Cõu 23: Cho cỏc cht sau: C H OH, C H , C H NH , C H 5ONa Chn mt thuc th nhn bit cỏc cht l A dung dch NaOH B dung dch BaCl2 C dung dch HCl D dung dch Ca(OH)2 Cõu 24: Este X cú CTPT C4H6O2 Khi x phũng hoỏ thu c sn phm cú kh nng bc CTCT ca X l A HCOOCH=CH-CH B CH =CH-COOCH C CH 3COOCH=CH D HCOOCH -CH=CH Cõu 25: T khớ NH3 cú th iu ch c phõn m NH4NO3 cụng nghip cn s phn ng ti thiu l A B C D Cõu 26: t chy hon ton mol cht hu c X cha thu c mol CO 2, 11,2 lớt N2 ktc v 63 gam H2O T hi ca X so vi He = 19,25 Bit X d phn ng vi dung dch HCl v NaOH X cú CTCT l A HCOONH3CH3(1) B (1) hoc (3) C CH3CH2COONH4(2) D CH3COONH4(3) Cõu 27: Bn l mt nhón cha : Ancol etylic, ancol anlylic, i etylete, etan1,2-iol Trỡnh t cỏc cht dóy no sau õy s nhn bit c cỏc cht trờn? A khụng xỏc nh c B nc Br2, Na, dd AgNO3/NH3 C Na, Cu(OH)2, nc Br2 D Cu(OH)2, nc Br2, dd AgNO3/NH3 Cõu 28: Thu phõn hon ton 62,5 gam dung dch sacaroz 17,1% mụi trng axit(va ), thu c dung dch X(hiu sut phn ng t 100%) Cho X tỏc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3( d), un núng thu c 6,75 gam Ag Hiu sut phn ng bc l A 100% B 75% C 50% D 90% Cõu 29: Trong k thut in t, cht c dựng lm t bo quang in l A silic tinh khit B thch anh C than chỡ D kim cng Cõu 30: Mt este X cú cụng thc RCOOR, (R, cú nguyờn t C), cú t hi so vi oxi nh hn 4,5 Khi x phũng hoỏ X bng dung dch NaOH thu c mui cú t l lng l 1,4146 CTCT ca X l A C H COOC H B HCOOC H C C H COOC H D CH 3COOC H Trang 2/4 - Mó thi 529 Cõu 31: Dung dch X cha axit HCl v H 2SO4 cú pH = trung ho hon ton 0,59 gam hn hp Y gm amin no, n chc mch h, bc ( cú s nguyờn t C 4) phi dựng ht lớt dung dch X CTPT ca amin l A C H NH CH NH B C H NH C H NH C C H NH C H NH D C H NH C H NH Cõu 32: Cho phn ng este hoỏ: CH 3COOH + C H OH CH 3COOC H + H O Bit nng ban u [CH3COOH] = [C2H5OH] = 1M, hng s cõn bng = Nng ca este v axit lỳc cõn bng ln lt l A 0,75M v 0,25M B 0,85M v 0,15M C 0,8M v 0,2M D M M 3 Cõu 33: thu c Cu t hn hp bt Fe, Cu cho lng khụng i ta cho hn hp ú tỏc dng vi A dung dch FeCl3 d B dung dch NaOH C dung dch CuCl2 d D dung dch HCl Cõu 34: X cú CTPT l C4H4O tho iu kin sau nờn X l: 1)X tỏc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta (trong ú cú cht hu c v cht vụ c) 2)X lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4 A CH - C = O CH - CH2 B HC C-CH -CHO C HC C-O-CH=CH D H C=C=CH-CHO Cõu 35: Trn 600 ml dung dch HCl 1M vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH x M c lớt dung dch cú pH = Giỏ tr ca x l A B 0,75 C 0,25 D 1,25 Cõu 36: in phõn hon ton dung dch hn hp gm a (mol) Cu(NO 3)2 v b (mol) KCl (bit b B < C D = Cõu 37: Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp bt X gm Al, Al 2O3 dung dch HNO3 loóng c dung dch Y cha 33,45 gam mui Cng lng X nh trờn ho tan dung dch HNO (loóng, d), kt thỳc phn ng thu c V lớt khớ NO nht ( ktc) v dung dch Z cha 32,7 gam mui Giỏ tr ca V l A 0,56 B 2,24 C 0,28 D khụng xỏc nh c Cõu 38: Ho tan hon ton 28,4 gam P2O5 cn 300 ml dung dch NaOH a M thu c 52,4 gam hn hp mui axit Giỏ tr ca a l A B 0,5 C 1,5 D Cõu 39: Cho V lớt khớ CO2 ktc hp th ht 200ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c 13,7 gam mui V cú giỏ tr l A 2,688 B 4,032 C 3,36 D 2,24 Cõu 40: t chỏy hon ton 4,3 gam cht hu c Y ch cha nhúm chc Dn ton b sn phm chỏy hp th vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 20 gam kt ta Khi lng dung dch cũn li gim 8,5 gam so vi trc phn ng, bit MY < 100 Cụng thc ca Y l A C H10 O B C H O2 C C H O2 D C H 8O2 B PHN RIấNG: Thớ sinh ch c chn lm phn (Phn hoc phn 2) Phn 1: Theo chng trỡnh chun (10 cõu, t cõu 41 n cõu 50) Cõu 41: Cho s chuyn hoỏ sau: CH X Y C H OH X chứa nguyên tố C, H, O; Y A Eten B Cloetan C Glucoz D Axit axetic Cõu 42: Xenluloz tỏc dung vi dung dch hn hp HNO c, H2SO4 c, un núng thu c sn phm X cha 14,14% nit v lng CTCT ca X v lng dung dch HNO 63% dựng chuyn 405 gam xenluloz thnh X l A [C H O (ONO )3 ]n , 750g B [C H 7O (ONO2 )(OH)2 ]n , 635g C [C H O3 (ONO )3 ]n , 475g D [C H O (ONO )3 ]n ,590g Cõu 43: Phõn bit glucoz v fructoz ta dựng thuc th l A (2) hoc (3) B dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (2) C dung dch Br2 (1) D Cu(OH)2(3) Cõu 44: Hp cht hu c X ch cha loi nhúm chc l amino v cacboxyl Cho 100 ml dung dch X 0,3 M phn ng va vi 48 ml dung dch NaOH 1,25M Cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5,31 gam mui khan X l Trang 3/4 - Mó thi 529 A C H O2 N B C H5 O N C C H O N D C H O N Cõu 45: in phõn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO 3)2 0,1M v NaCl 0,2M ti c in cc cựng cú khớ thoỏt thỡ dng li Dung dich sau in phõn cú pH l A B C D Cõu 46: Cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4 nc xy phn ng A oxihoỏ-kh B oxi hoỏ-kh v trao i ion C phn ng trao i ion D phn ng hoỏ hp v trao i Cõu 47: Cho 2,8 lớt khớ CO2 ktc hp th bng 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M v Ba(OH) 1M thỡ thu c s gam kt ta l A 14,775 B 24,625 C 39,4 D 19,7 Cõu 48: t chỏy ht a mol ancol no X thu c 2a mol H2O X l A C3H7OH B C2H4(OH)2 C C3H5(OH)3 D CH3OH Cõu 49: Cho 12,32 gam kim loi M tan ht dung dch HNO thu c 7,392 lớt hn hp khớ gm NO, NO cú t so vi H2 bng 19 M l A Fe B Mg C Zn D Cu Cõu 50: Khớ NH3 cú ln hi nc, cú NH3 khụ ta cho hn hp i qua A P2O5 B CaO C H2SO4 c D K Phn 2: Theo chng trỡnh nõng cao (10 cõu, t cõu 51 n cõu 60) Cõu 51: Trong phng phỏp thu luyn dựng iu ch Ag t qung cha Ag2S, cn dựng thờm A dung dch HCl c v Zn B dung dch H2SO4 c, núng v Zn C dung dch HNO3 c v Zn D dung dch NaCN v Zn Cõu 52: Cho 0,1 mol cht X cú CTPT C 2H8O3N tỏc dng vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH, un núng thu c cht khớ Y lm xanh giy qu tớm t v dung dch Z Cụ cn Z thu c m gam cht rn khan Giỏ tr ca m l A 21,8 B 12,5 C 5,7 D 15 Cõu 53: Mt hirocacbon X cú CT (CH)n mol X phn ng vi mol H2 (Ni, t ) hoc mol dung dch Br2 X l A toluen B benzen C 4-phenyl but-1-in D stiren Cõu 54: Sn phm ca phn ng (C H CO)2 O + CH OH ? l A C H COOH B C H CHO C C H COOCH D C H COOCH v C H COOH Cõu 55: kh hon ton 23,2 gam mt oxit kim loi, cn dựng 8,96 lớt khớ CO ktc Kim loi ú l A Fe B Al C Mg D Cr Cõu 56: in phõn lớt dung dch CuSO 2M vi cỏc in cc bng Cu ti catụt tng 6,4 gam thỡ lỳc ú nng CuSO4 dung dch l (th tớch dung dch coi nh khụng thay i) A 1,9M B 2M C 0,5M D 0,3M Cõu 57: Ho tan hon ton a mol CuFeS bng dung dch HNO3 c, núng (d) sinh b mol NO (sn phm kh nht) Mi liờn h ỳng gia a v b l A a = 17b B b = 15a C b = 17a D a = 15b Cõu 58: Cp pin in hoỏ xy phn ng: 2Cr (r) + 3Cu 2+ (dd) 2Cr 3+ + 3Cu Biết E Cu2+ = +0,34 V; E Cr3+ = -0,74 V E pin điện hoá Cu Cr A 1,08 V B 1,25 V C -1,08 V D 0,4 V Cõu 59: Hirat hoỏ hon ton 1,56 gam mt ankin X thu c anờhit Y Trn Y vi mt anờhit n chc Z, thờm nc vo c 0,1 lớt dung dch T cha Y v Z vi nng tng cng l 0,8 M Thờm t t dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) vo T thỡ thu c 21,6 gam Ag kt ta Cụng thc cu to v s mol Y v Z ln lt l A CH 3CHO;0,1mol HCHO;0,2 mol B CH 3CHO;0,08 mol HCHO;0,05 mol C CH 3CHO;0,1mol C H 5CHO;0,2 mol D CH 3CHO;0,06 mol HCHO; 0,02 mol Cõu 60: Cht X cha C, H, O, ú hiro chim 2,439% v lng t chỏy X thu c n X = n H2 O Bit mol X phn ng vi mol [Ag(NH3)2] OH Cụng thc ca X l A OHC-C C-CHO B HC C-CHO C HCHO D HCOOH - Cõu hi ỏp ỏn Trang 4/4 - Mó thi 529 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 D A B D D C A B B A A B A C D A B B D A C C D C D B C D A A B D C B B C A C D C C D A C B D B A Trang 5/4 - Mó thi 529 49 50 A B 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 C D A C B D B A A B Trang 6/4 - Mó thi 529