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questionnaires are often difficult to read Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in e

Trang 1

SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC

(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1

NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016 Môn: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local televisionnews shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate

indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain

location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factoryworkers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attractoutgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel

intimidated by a camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercisegreat care in the wording of questions

An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it It must also bespecific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results Even questions that are lessstructured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desired Surveys can be

indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are

worded accurately

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire Each of these forms ofsurvey research has its advantages An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find itmore difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire

In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probefor a subject's underlying feelings andreasons However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent

Question 1 According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that

they

A are not based on a representative sampling B reflect political opinions

C are not carefully worded D are used only on television

Question 2 According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live

interviews _

A minimize the influence of the researcher B are easier to interpret

Question 3 The word "precise" is closest in meaning to .

Question 4 According to the reading passage, there are main categories of surveys.

Question 5 Which word is given definition in the text?

Trang 2

Question 6 The word "they" refers to .

Question 7 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A The principles of conducting surveys

B The importance of polls in American political life

C Problems associated with interpreting surveys

D The history of surveys in North America

Question 8 According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?

A A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

B Carefully worded questions

C An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings

D A high number of respondents

Question 9 The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to .

Question 10 It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated

with questionnaires is that

A respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires

B questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute

C respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

D questionnaires are often difficult to read

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 11 A transfer B career C variety D afraid

Question 12 A surfaces B temples C exercises D pages

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Education is more important today than ever before It helps people acquire the skills they need for sucheveryday (13) _ as reading a newspaper or managing their money It also gives them the specializedtraining they may need to (14) _ for a job or career For example, a person must meet certaineducational requirements and obtain a (15) _ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine.Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (16) _ satisfactory completion of specialtraining courses

Education is also important (17) _ it helps people get more out of life It increases theirknowledge and understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interestingand enjoyable, (18) _ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical(19) _ Such education becomes (20) _ important as people gain more and more leisure time.Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes todaytake place with increasing speed and (21) _ the lives of more and more people Education can help aperson understand these changes and provide him (22) _ the skills for adjusting to them

Question 16 A requires B requiring C require D to require

Question 17 A therefore B despite C although D because

Question 18 A such as B for instance C such that D for example

Question 19 A appliance B equipment C instrument D device

Question 20 A increased B increasing C increase D increasingly

Question 21 A effect B affect C affective D effective

Trang 3

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 23 Her boss fired her, made her angry.

Question 24 You _ the washing My sister could have done it for you.

A needn't have done B couldn't have done C hadn't to do D mustn't have done Question 25 These school-leavers are looking forward on campus.

Question 26 Would you like to take a gap year before a university?

A filling in B applying to C applying for D filling out

Question 27 In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university by a board of

regents elected by the voters of the state

A being controlled B it was controlled C to be controlled D under the control

Question 28 We all believe that a happy marriage should be _ mutual love.

A based on B concerned with C confided in D obliged to

Question 29 By the end of the 21stcentury, the first car running on the sea water

A will finish B will be finished C will have been finished D will be finishing Question 30 -"What a lovely house you have!" - " _"

C Of course not, it's not costly D I think so

Question 31 _I get your letter, I will reply to you at once.

Question 32 not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview.

A He was advised B People advised him C Advised D Advising

Question 33 If Lucy's car down, she would be here right now.

A wouldn't have been B hadn't broken C doesn't break D didn't break

Question 34 _the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85thOscar's Best Directorlist of nominees surprised everyone

Question 35 According to _ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out.

A optimists B pessimistic C pessimists D optimistic

Question 36 My mother asked me _

A which tertiary institution did I choose B which tertiary institution I choose

C which tertiary institution I would choose D which tertiary institution will I choose

Question 37 It is really an .

A undergraduate interesting economics course B economics course interesting undergraduate

C interesting economics undergraduate course D interesting undergraduate economics course Question 38 Not until _ in my paper to write down my name on it.

A I handed/ that I remembered B I handed/ did I remember

C did I hand/ did I remember D did I hand/ I remembered

Question 39 - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - " _"

A Certainly, I'd be glad to B Yes, it is warmer than today.

C Not really I couldn't follow the story D No, I dislike moving.

Question 40.Is it necessary that I _ here tomorrow?

Question 41 We received a call from the teacher _ charge of our course.

Trang 4

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three

in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 42 A powerful B remember C obvious D primary

Question 43 A sacrifice B impossible C confident D interview

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction

in each of the following questions.

Question 45 In the future, we will certainly lead a more healthier life.

Question 46 In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live happily together.

Question 47 Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures.

Question 48 Either Mr Anderson or Ms Wiggins are going to teach our class today.

Question 49 I prefer living in a nuclear family than a joint one.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 50 In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs.

Question 51 Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays.

A children whose parents can't afford their schooling

B children who die at birth

C people who live 100 years or more

D people who suffer from fatal diseases

Question 52 These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand.

A manually B spiritually C automatically D mechanically

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 53 It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income.

Question 54 One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions.This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them

Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others.

But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does inMadagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions

According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understandsubstantially the same "facial language" Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share aset of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species.Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flungplaces as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles ofNew Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle Ekman and his colleagues claim that people

Trang 5

everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness,and surprise There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity ofemotional displays - the so called display rules In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught tocontrol emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged toexpress their feelings more openly Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, tosome degree , in people's behavior From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions thatcommunicate their feelings.

The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too Very young children pay close attention tofacial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's

faces This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic

set of human emotions Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotionalexpressions seem to appear across species boundaries Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certainemotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures For example, what emotion do yousuppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while

in China it can signify surprise Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japaneseface it may just as easily mean embarrassment Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions

Question 55 Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _.

A display their emotions openly B conceal their positive emotions

C control their emotions D change their behaviour

Question 56 The word "evolved" is closest in meaning to _.

Question 57 The phrase "this evidence" refers to .

A human facial expressions

B the fact that children can control their feelings

C a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions

D the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions

Question 58 Young children _.

A make amazing progress in controlling their emotions

B take time to control their facial expressions

C are sensitive towards others' emotions

D spend a long time learning to read others' emotions

Question 59 According to the passage, we respond to others by _.

A watching their actions B observing their looks

C observing their emotional expressions D looking at their faces

Question 60 The biggest difference lies in .

A how often positive emotions are shown B how emotional responses are controlled

C how intensive emotions are expressed D how long negative emotions are displayed

Question 61 Smiles and frowns .

A are universal expressions across cultures

B are not popular everywhere

C do not convey the same emotions in various cultures

D have different meanings in different cultures

Question 62 Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of .

A investigators on universal emotional expressions

B researchers on universal language

C researchers who can speak and understand many languages

D lacked many main ingredients

Question 63 The best title for the passage is .

A ways to control emotional expressions B cultural universals in emotional expressions

C Human habit of displaying emotions D review of research on emotional expressions

Trang 6

Question 64 Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether

A eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

B different cultures have similar emotional expressions.

C rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

D raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth.

II “Would you like to attend higher education or vocational training after leaving high schools?”

In about 140 words, write a paragraph about your choice.

-THE

Trang 7

END -SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC

(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1

NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016 Môn: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Question 1 These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand.

A automatically B mechanically C manually D spiritually

Question 2.In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs.

Question 3 Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays.

A people who live 100 years or more

B people who suffer from fatal diseases

C children whose parents can't afford their schooling

D children who die at birth

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 4 One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other.

Question 5 It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three

in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 7 A interview B sacrifice C confident D impossible

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction

in each of the following questions.

Question 9 In the future, we will certainly lead a more healthier life.

Question 10 Either Mr Anderson or Ms Wiggins are going to teach our class today.

Question 11 Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures.

Question 12 In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live happily together.

Question 13 I prefer living in a nuclear family than a joint one.

Trang 8

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 15 A pages B temples C exercises D surfaces

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 16 Is it necessary that I _ here tomorrow?

Question 17 _I get your letter, I will reply to you at once.

Question 18 Her boss fired her, made her angry.

Question 19 My mother asked me _

A which tertiary institution I would choose B which tertiary institution will I choose

C which tertiary institution did I choose D which tertiary institution I choose

Question 20 We received a call from the teacher _ charge of our course.

Question 21 _the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85thOscar's Best Directorlist of nominees surprised everyone

Question 22 -"What a lovely house you have!" - " _"

C Of course not, it's not costly D Thank you Hope you will drop in.

Question 23 If Lucy's car down, she would be here right now.

A wouldn't have been B didn't break C doesn't break D hadn't broken

Question 24 Would you like to take a gap year before a university?

A applying for B filling out C applying to D filling in

Question 25 It is really an .

A interesting undergraduate economics course B interesting economics undergraduate course

C economics course interesting undergraduate D undergraduate interesting economics course Question 26 - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - " _"

A Yes, it is warmer than today B No, I dislike moving.

C Certainly, I'd be glad to D Not really I couldn't follow the story.

Question 27 According to _ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out.

A pessimistic B optimists C pessimists D optimistic

Question 28 In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university by a board of

regents elected by the voters of the state

A under the control B to be controlled C being controlled D it was controlled

Question 29 not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview.

A Advised B Advising C He was advised D People advised him Question 30 Not until _ in my paper to write down my name on it.

A I handed/ that I remembered B did I hand/ did I remember

C did I hand/ I remembered D I handed/ did I remember

Question 31 You _ the washing My sister could have done it for you.

A needn't have done B hadn't to do C mustn't have done D couldn't have done Question 32 These school-leavers are looking forward on campus.

Question 33 By the end of the 21stcentury, the first car running on the sea water

A will be finishing B will be finished C will have been finished D will finish

Trang 9

Question 34 We all believe that a happy marriage should be _ mutual love.

A based on B concerned with C obliged to D confided in

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Education is more important today than ever before It helps people acquire the skills they need for sucheveryday (35) _ as reading a newspaper or managing their money It also gives them the specializedtraining they may need to (36) _ for a job or career For example, a person must meet certaineducational requirements and obtain a (37) _ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine.Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (38) _ satisfactory completion of specialtraining courses

Education is also important (39) _ it helps people get more out of life It increases theirknowledge and understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interestingand enjoyable, (40) _ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical(41) _ Such education becomes (42) _ important as people gain more and more leisure time.Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes todaytake place with increasing speed and (43) _ the lives of more and more people Education can help aperson understand these changes and provide him (44) _ the skills for adjusting to them

Question 35 A works B activities C actions D jobs

Question 38 A requires B require C to require D requiring

Question 39 A despite B although C because D therefore

Question 40 A for instance B for example C such that D such as

Question 41 A appliance B device C instrument D equipment

Question 42 A increasingly B increased C increase D increasing

Question 43 A effective B effect C affect D affective

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions.This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them

Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others.

But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does inMadagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions

According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understandsubstantially the same "facial language" Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share aset of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species.Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flungplaces as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles ofNew Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle Ekman and his colleagues claim that peopleeverywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness,and surprise There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity ofemotional displays - the so called display rules In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught tocontrol emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged toexpress their feelings more openly Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, tosome degree , in people's behavior From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions thatcommunicate their feelings

Trang 10

The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too Very young children pay close attention tofacial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's

faces This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic

set of human emotions Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotionalexpressions seem to appear across species boundaries Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certainemotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures For example, what emotion do yousuppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while

in China it can signify surprise Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japaneseface it may just as easily mean embarrassment Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions

Question 45 Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of .

A researchers who can speak and understand many languages

B investigators on universal emotional expressions

C lacked many main ingredients

D researchers on universal language

Question 46 Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _.

A change their behaviour B display their emotions openly

C conceal their positive emotions D control their emotions

Question 47 Smiles and frowns .

A are not popular everywhere

B are universal expressions across cultures

C do not convey the same emotions in various cultures

D have different meanings in different cultures

Question 48 Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether

A raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth.

B eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

C different cultures have similar emotional expressions.

D rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

Question 49 The best title for the passage is .

A Human habit of displaying emotions B review of research on emotional expressions

C cultural universals in emotional expressions D ways to control emotional expressions

Question 50 The phrase "this evidence" refers to .

A the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions

B human facial expressions

C the fact that children can control their feelings

D a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions

Question 51 Young children _.

A spend a long time learning to read others' emotions

B make amazing progress in controlling their emotions

C are sensitive towards others' emotions

D take time to control their facial expressions

Question 52 The word "evolved" is closest in meaning to .

Question 53 According to the passage, we respond to others by _.

A watching their actions B observing their emotional expressions

C looking at their faces D observing their looks

Question 54 The biggest difference lies in .

A how intensive emotions are expressed B how emotional responses are controlled

C how long negative emotions are displayed D how often positive emotions are shown

Trang 11

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which providesinformation concerning how people think and act In the United States, the best-known surveys are theGallup poll and the Harris poll As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows,these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local televisionnews shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate

indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain

location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factoryworkers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attractoutgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel

intimidated by a camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercisegreat care in the wording of questions

An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it It must also bespecific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results Even questions that are lessstructured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desired Surveys can be

indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are

worded accurately

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire Each of these forms ofsurvey research has its advantages An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find itmore difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire

In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probefor a subject's underlying feelings andreasons However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent

Question 55 According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that

they

A reflect political opinions B are not carefully worded

C are not based on a representative sampling D are used only on television

Question 56 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A The importance of polls in American political life

B The principles of conducting surveys

C Problems associated with interpreting surveys

D The history of surveys in North America

Question 57 The word "they" refers to .

Question 58 Which word is given definition in the text?

Question 59 According to the reading passage, there are main categories of surveys.

Question 60 The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to .

Question 61 According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?

A A high number of respondents

B A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

C Carefully worded questions

D An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings

Question 62 The word "precise" is closest in meaning to .

Trang 12

Question 63 It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated

with questionnaires is that

A questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute

B respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

C respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires

D questionnaires are often difficult to read

Question 64 According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live

interviews _

A minimize the influence of the researcher B costless

C can produce more information D are easier to interpret

II “Would you like to attend higher education or vocational training after leaving high schools?”

In about 140 words, write a paragraph about your choice.

-THE

Trang 13

END -SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC

(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1

NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016 Môn: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Question 1 One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other.

Question 2 It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 4 A surfaces B temples C exercises D pages

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 5 It is really an .

A economics course interesting undergraduate B undergraduate interesting economics course

C interesting undergraduate economics course D interesting economics undergraduate course Question 6 Her boss fired her, made her angry.

Question 7 If Lucy's car down, she would be here right now.

A wouldn't have been B hadn't broken C didn't break D doesn't break

Question 8 We received a call from the teacher _ charge of our course.

Question 9 In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university by a board of

regents elected by the voters of the state

A under the control B being controlled C it was controlled D to be controlled

Question 10 - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - " _"

A Certainly, I'd be glad to B Yes, it is warmer than today.

C No, I dislike moving D Not really I couldn't follow the story.

Question 11 We all believe that a happy marriage should be _ mutual love.

A based on B obliged to C concerned with D confided in

Question 12.Is it necessary that I _ here tomorrow?

Question 13 According to _ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out.

Question 14 -"What a lovely house you have!" - " _"

A Thank you Hope you will drop in B I think so

C Of course not, it's not costly D No problem

Question 15 These school-leavers are looking forward on campus.

Question 16 You _ the washing My sister could have done it for you.

A needn't have done B couldn't have done C mustn't have done D hadn't to do

Trang 14

Question 17 Not until _ in my paper to write down my name on it.

A I handed/ that I remembered B did I hand/ I remembered

C I handed/ did I remember D did I hand/ did I remember

Question 18 not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview.

A He was advised B People advised him C Advised D Advising

Question 19 By the end of the 21stcentury, the first car running on the sea water

A will finish B will be finished C will have been finished D will be finishing

Question 20 Would you like to take a gap year before a university?

A filling in B applying for C filling out D applying to

Question 21 _the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85thOscar's Best Directorlist of nominees surprised everyone

Question 22 My mother asked me _

A which tertiary institution I choose B which tertiary institution did I choose

C which tertiary institution I would choose D which tertiary institution will I choose

Question 23 _I get your letter, I will reply to you at once.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions.This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them

Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others.

But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does inMadagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions

According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understandsubstantially the same "facial language" Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share aset of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species.Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flungplaces as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles ofNew Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle Ekman and his colleagues claim that peopleeverywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness,and surprise There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity ofemotional displays - the so called display rules In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught tocontrol emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged toexpress their feelings more openly Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, tosome degree , in people's behavior From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions thatcommunicate their feelings

The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too Very young children pay close attention tofacial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's

faces This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic

set of human emotions Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotionalexpressions seem to appear across species boundaries Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certainemotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures For example, what emotion do yousuppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while

in China it can signify surprise Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japaneseface it may just as easily mean embarrassment Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions

Question 24 According to the passage, we respond to others by _.

A looking at their faces B watching their actions

C observing their emotional expressions D observing their looks

Trang 15

Question 25 The biggest difference lies in .

A how intensive emotions are expressed B how long negative emotions are displayed

C how often positive emotions are shown D how emotional responses are controlled

Question 26 Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _.

A control their emotions B display their emotions openly

C change their behaviour D conceal their positive emotions

Question 27 The word "evolved" is closest in meaning to .

Question 28 Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of .

A lacked many main ingredients

B investigators on universal emotional expressions

C researchers who can speak and understand many languages

D researchers on universal language

Question 29 Smiles and frowns .

A are universal expressions across cultures

B are not popular everywhere

C do not convey the same emotions in various cultures

D have different meanings in different cultures

Question 30 Young children _.

A spend a long time learning to read others' emotions

B make amazing progress in controlling their emotions

C take time to control their facial expressions

D are sensitive towards others' emotions

Question 31 The phrase "this evidence" refers to .

A human facial expressions

B the fact that children can control their feelings

C the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions

D a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions

Question 32 Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether

A rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

B eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

C different cultures have similar emotional expressions.

D raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth.

Question 33 The best title for the passage is .

A ways to control emotional expressions B review of research on emotional expressions

C cultural universals in emotional expressions D Human habit of displaying emotions

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three

in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 34 A sacrifice B interview C confident D impossible

Question 35 A obvious B powerful C remember D primary

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction

in each of the following questions.

Question 37 Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures.

Question 38 Either Mr Anderson or Ms Wiggins are going to teach our class today.

Question 39 I prefer living in a nuclear family than a joint one.

Trang 16

Question 40 In the future, we will certainly lead a more healthier life.

Question 41 In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live happily together.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 42 Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays.

A people who live 100 years or more

B children who die at birth

C people who suffer from fatal diseases

D children whose parents can't afford their schooling

Question 43 In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs.

Question 44 These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand.

A spiritually B mechanically C manually D automatically

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which providesinformation concerning how people think and act In the United States, the best-known surveys are theGallup poll and the Harris poll As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows,these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local televisionnews shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate

indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain

location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factoryworkers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attractoutgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel

intimidated by a camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercisegreat care in the wording of questions

An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it It must also bespecific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results Even questions that are lessstructured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desired Surveys can be

indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are

worded accurately

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire Each of these forms ofsurvey research has its advantages An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find itmore difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire

In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probefor a subject's underlying feelings andreasons However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent

Question 45 Which word is given definition in the text?

Question 46 The word "precise" is closest in meaning to .

Question 47 The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to .

Trang 17

Question 48 It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated

with questionnaires is that

A questionnaires are often difficult to read

B respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

C respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires

D questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute

Question 49 According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live

interviews _

A are easier to interpret B costless

C minimize the influence of the researcher D can produce more information

Question 50 The word "they" refers to .

A news shows B interviews C North Americans D opinions

Question 51 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A The principles of conducting surveys

B The history of surveys in North America

C Problems associated with interpreting surveys

D The importance of polls in American political life

Question 52 According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?

A A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

B Carefully worded questions

C An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings

D A high number of respondents

Question 53 According to the reading passage, there are main categories of surveys.

Question 54 According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that

they

A reflect political opinions B are not carefully worded

C are not based on a representative sampling D are used only on television

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Education is more important today than ever before It helps people acquire the skills they need for sucheveryday (55) _ as reading a newspaper or managing their money It also gives them the specializedtraining they may need to (56) _ for a job or career For example, a person must meet certaineducational requirements and obtain a (57) _ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine.Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (58) _ satisfactory completion of specialtraining courses

Education is also important (59) _ it helps people get more out of life It increases theirknowledge and understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interestingand enjoyable, (60) _ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical(61) _ Such education becomes (62) _ important as people gain more and more leisure time.Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes todaytake place with increasing speed and (63) _ the lives of more and more people Education can help aperson understand these changes and provide him (64) _ the skills for adjusting to them

Question 58 A requiring B requires C require D to require

Question 59 A despite B therefore C although D because

Question 60 A for instance B such that C for example D such as

Trang 18

Question 61 A instrument B equipment C appliance D device

Question 62 A increasing B increased C increasingly D increase

Question 63 A effect B affective C effective D affect

II “Would you like to attend higher education or vocational training after leaving high schools?”

In about 140 words, write a paragraph about your choice.

-THE

Trang 19

END -SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC

(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1

NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016 Môn: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Question 1 Either Mr Anderson or Ms Wiggins are going to teach our class today.

Question 2 In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live happily together.

Question 3 Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures.

Question 4 I prefer living in a nuclear family than a joint one.

Question 5 In the future, we will certainly lead a more healthier life.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 6 By the end of the 21stcentury, the first car running on the sea water

A will have been finishedB will be finished C will be finishing D will finish

Question 7 If Lucy's car down, she would be here right now.

A doesn't break B didn't break C hadn't broken D wouldn't have been Question 8 You _ the washing My sister could have done it for you.

A needn't have done B hadn't to do C couldn't have done D mustn't have done Question 9 In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university by a board of

regents elected by the voters of the state

A to be controlled B it was controlled C under the control D being controlled

Question 10 -"What a lovely house you have!" - " _"

Question 11 Would you like to take a gap year before a university?

A filling in B applying for C filling out D applying to

Question 12 _the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85thOscar's Best Directorlist of nominees surprised everyone

Question 13 Her boss fired her, made her angry.

Question 14 These school-leavers are looking forward on campus.

Question 15 My mother asked me _

A which tertiary institution did I choose B which tertiary institution I choose

C which tertiary institution I would choose D which tertiary institution will I choose

Question 16 not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview.

A People advised him B Advising C Advised D He was advised

Trang 20

Question 17 Is it necessary that I _ here tomorrow?

Question 18 We received a call from the teacher _ charge of our course.

Question 19 Not until _ in my paper to write down my name on it.

A did I hand/ I remembered B I handed/ did I remember

C I handed/ that I remembered D did I hand/ did I remember

Question 20 It is really an .

A undergraduate interesting economics course B economics course interesting undergraduate

C interesting economics undergraduate course D interesting undergraduate economics course Question 21 We all believe that a happy marriage should be _ mutual love.

A obliged to B based on C confided in D concerned with

Question 22 - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - " _"

A Yes, it is warmer than today B Not really I couldn't follow the story.

C No, I dislike moving D Certainly, I'd be glad to.

Question 23 According to _ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out.

A pessimistic B pessimists C optimistic D optimists

Question 24 _I get your letter, I will reply to you at once.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions.This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them

Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others.

But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does inMadagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions

According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understandsubstantially the same "facial language" Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share aset of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species.Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flungplaces as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles ofNew Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle Ekman and his colleagues claim that peopleeverywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness,and surprise There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity ofemotional displays - the so called display rules In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught tocontrol emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged toexpress their feelings more openly Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, tosome degree , in people's behavior From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions thatcommunicate their feelings

The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too Very young children pay close attention tofacial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's

faces This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic

set of human emotions Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotionalexpressions seem to appear across species boundaries Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certainemotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures For example, what emotion do yousuppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while

in China it can signify surprise Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japaneseface it may just as easily mean embarrassment Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions

Trang 21

Question 25 According to the passage, we respond to others by _.

A observing their emotional expressions B looking at their faces

C observing their looks D watching their actions

Question 26 The phrase "this evidence" refers to .

A human facial expressions

B the fact that children can control their feelings

C the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions

D a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions

Question 27 Young children _.

A take time to control their facial expressions

B spend a long time learning to read others' emotions

C are sensitive towards others' emotions

D make amazing progress in controlling their emotions

Question 28 The word "evolved" is closest in meaning to .

Question 29 The biggest difference lies in .

A how emotional responses are controlled B how long negative emotions are displayed

C how often positive emotions are shown D how intensive emotions are expressed

Question 30 Smiles and frowns .

A are not popular everywhere

B do not convey the same emotions in various cultures

C are universal expressions across cultures

D have different meanings in different cultures

Question 31 Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of .

A researchers who can speak and understand many languages

B researchers on universal language

C lacked many main ingredients

D investigators on universal emotional expressions

Question 32 The best title for the passage is .

A Human habit of displaying emotions B cultural universals in emotional expressions

C ways to control emotional expressions D review of research on emotional expressions Question 33 Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether

A raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth.

B rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

C eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar.

D different cultures have similar emotional expressions.

Question 34 Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _.

A change their behaviour B control their emotions

C conceal their positive emotions D display their emotions openly

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 35 A surfaces B pages C temples D exercises

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 37 Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays.

A people who live 100 years or more B children who die at birth

C people who suffer from fatal diseases D children whose parents can't afford their schooling

Trang 22

Question 38 In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs.

Question 39 These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand.

A mechanically B automatically C manually D spiritually

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Education is more important today than ever before It helps people acquire the skills they need for sucheveryday (40) _ as reading a newspaper or managing their money It also gives them the specializedtraining they may need to (41) _ for a job or career For example, a person must meet certaineducational requirements and obtain a (42) _ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine.Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (43) _ satisfactory completion of specialtraining courses

Education is also important (44) _ it helps people get more out of life It increases theirknowledge and understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interestingand enjoyable, (45) _ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical(46) _ Such education becomes (47) _ important as people gain more and more leisure time.Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes todaytake place with increasing speed and (48) _ the lives of more and more people Education can help aperson understand these changes and provide him (49) _ the skills for adjusting to them

Question 43 A require B to require C requires D requiring

Question 44 A because B therefore C although D despite

Question 45 A such that B for example C for instance D such as

Question 46 A device B instrument C appliance D equipment

Question 47 A increased B increasing C increase D increasingly

Question 48 A affect B effect C effective D affective

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three

in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 51 A confident B impossible C interview D sacrifice

Question 52 A obvious B primary C powerful D remember

Markthe letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 53 One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other.

Question 54 It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which providesinformation concerning how people think and act In the United States, the best-known surveys are theGallup poll and the Harris poll As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows,these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States

Trang 23

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local televisionnews shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate

indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain

location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factoryworkers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attractoutgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel

intimidated by a camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercisegreat care in the wording of questions

An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it It must also bespecific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results Even questions that are lessstructured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desired Surveys can be

indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are

worded accurately

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire Each of these forms ofsurvey research has its advantages An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find itmore difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire

In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probefor a subject's underlying feelings andreasons However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent

Question 55 According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live

interviews _

A can produce more information B minimize the influence of the researcher

Question 56 The word "precise" is closest in meaning to .

Question 57 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A Problems associated with interpreting surveys

B The principles of conducting surveys

C The importance of polls in American political life

D The history of surveys in North America

Question 58 It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated

with questionnaires is that

A respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires

B questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute

C questionnaires are often difficult to read

D respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

Question 59 According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?

A Carefully worded questions

B A high number of respondents

C A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

D An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings

Question 60 The word "they" refers to .

A opinions B North Americans C interviews D news shows

Question 61 Which word is given definition in the text?

Question 62 According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that

they

A are used only on television B reflect political opinions

C are not carefully worded D are not based on a representative sampling

Trang 24

Question 63 According to the reading passage, there are main categories of surveys.

Question 64 The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to .

II “Would you like to attend higher education or vocational training after leaving high schools?”

In about 140 words, write a paragraph about your choice.

-THE

Trang 25

END -SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC

(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang)

ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1

NĂM HỌC 2015 - 2016 Môn: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Education is also important (5) _ it helps people get more out of life It increases their knowledgeand understanding of the world It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interesting andenjoyable, (6) _ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical(7) _ Such education becomes (8) _ important as people gain more and more leisure time.Education also helps people adjust to change This habit has become necessary because social changes todaytake place with increasing speed and (9) _ the lives of more and more people Education can help aperson understand these changes and provide him (10) _ the skills for adjusting to them

Question 4 A requires B require C to require D requiring

Question 5 A therefore B because C although D despite

Question 6 A for example B such that C such as D for instance

Question 7 A instrument B equipment C appliance D device

Question 8 A increase B increasingly C increasing D increased

Question 9 A affect B effective C affective D effect

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which providesinformation concerning how people think and act In the United States, the best-known surveys are theGallup poll and the Harris poll As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows,these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local televisionnews shows While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate

indication of public opinion First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain

location Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factoryworkers, depending on which area the new people select Second, television interviews tend to attractoutgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel

intimidated by a camera A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely

reflect a broad range of the population

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