ngữ âm âm vị

1 What's the difference between lenis and fortis? Why we use them instead of voiceless and voiced terms respectively? Click Fortis and lenis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Why we call /w,r,j/ sounds as glides? The tongue glides Why approximants? They approximate the sound Why semi-vowel? You can sing/hold them Why are /p,t,k/ called vioceless and strong? Voiceless: the vocal folds don't vibrate Strong: air pressure builds and is then released What's voiced and weak? Voiced: the vocal folds vibrate Weak: air pressure doesn't build Why is /h/ called voiceless vowel phonetically, and /h/ consonant phonologocally? Phonetically: because its manner of articulation involves air through an open glottis, like a vowel Phonologically: it doesn't contrast with vowels; that it, it's never found in a vocalic position Is the sound at the end of sing a phoneme? Yes It's a sound of English It's called a velar-nasal 10 Are the initial sounds in chin and gem one phoneme No Evidence: chin vs gin; they contrast That is, change the first sound in chin and you get a new word 11 What is the difference between phonemic transcription and phonetic transcription? Phonetic = speech sound; phonemic = the patterns of those sounds; where they can and cannot occur 12 When is a sound devoiced? When it sits between two voiceless sounds or sometimes at the end of a word 13 Is the glottal stop a phoneme? It can be, yes 14 How many phonemes are there in the triphthongs? Usually two There are two noticeable changes in QUALITY during a syllable 15 What's the difference between dialect and accent? Example: In Shanghai, China, people speak the local dialect with various accents; e.g., Shanghainese with a French accent; Shanghainese with a Japanese accent 16 Why are /w,j,r/ sound like vowels but function as consonants They sit in consonant positions 17 What are the meanings of phonetics and phonology? Phonetics vs Phonology I.Circle the correct answer: 1. _ sounds are the vocal cords drawn apart so that the air can pass out freely between them and there is no vibration A.voiced B.voiceless C.oral D.nasal 2.Sounds made with the connection between the tounge and the alveolar ridge are _ A.palatal B.bilabial C.lateral D.alveolar 3.In _ consonants the breath is completely stopped at some point in the mounth by the lips or tounge-tip or tounge-back,and then realeased with a slight explosion A.fricative B.approximant C.lateral D.stop 4.In all nasal consonants the is lowered and at that time the mounth passage is blocked at some point sothat all the air is pushed out of the nose A.tounge B.soft palate C.lower lip D.upper lip 5.In the word"fragment",the explosion of the stop is A.lateral B.nasal C.incomplete 6.When there is a glide from one vowel to another one and then to the next,we have a A.diphthong B.triphthong D.monophthong 7.When a vowel sound stands before a nasal sound in utterances,it will be A.nasalised B.velarised C.gottalised D.devoiced 8.There are vowels in English A.12 B.24 C.20 D.8 9.In general,stress tends to be on syllable containing a _or ending with _ A.long vowel or a diphthong/a vowel B.short vowel/a consonant C.long vowel or a diphthong/more than one consonant 10.When a vowel stands finally or before voiced consonants,it is A.lengthened B.shortened C.nasalised D.retracted II.Fill into the blank with a suitable word or words: 1.Syllable is a group of sounds in which the central part is a vowel or a vowel-like sound,thats means a syllabic consonant 2.If there are two levels of stress in a word,the strongest is called stresed 3.No English word ends with more than four consonants and begins with more than three consonants 4.Phonetic transcription shows the finer point of pronunciation,i.e,describe how sounds are pronounced in speech more accurate 5.English consonants are classified according to three ways:the place of articulation, maner of articulation, and the voice Thêm tập nè bạn ơi: Circle the words that being with a bilabial consonant: mat gnat sat bat rat pat Circle the words that begin with a velar consonant: knot got lot cot hot pot Circle the words that begin with a labiodental consonant: fat cat that mat chat vat Circle the words that begin with an alveolar consonant: zip nip lip sip tip dip => Alveolar: n,t,d,s,z,l Circle the words that begin with a dental consonant: pie guy shy thigh thy high Circle the words that begin with a palato-alveolar consonant: sigh shy tie thigh t hy lie Circle the words that end with a fricative: race wreath bush bring breathe bang rave real ray rose rough => Fricative: /f/, /v/,/θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /∫/, /ʒ/, /h/ 8.Circle the words that end with a nasal: rain rang dumb deaf => Nasal: /m/, /n/, /η/ 9.Circle the words that end with a stop: pill lip lit graph crab dog hide laugh back 10.Circle the words that begin with a lateral: nut lull bar rob one 11.Circle the words that begin with an approximant: we you one run => Approximant: /w/, /r/, /j/ 12.Circle the words that end with an affricate: much back edge ooze 13.Circle the words in which the consonant in the middle is voiced: tracking mother robber leisure massive stomach razor 14.Circle the words that contain a high vowel: sat suit got meet mud 15.Circle the words that contain a low vowel: weed wad load lad rude 16.Circle the words that contain a front vowel: gate caught cat kit pu t 17.Circle the words that contain a back vowel: maid weep coop cop good 18.Circle the words that contain a rounded vowel: who me us but him