NHONG NGHIEN CUU VE P H A N BOI CHAU VA PHONG TRAO DONG DU or NHAT BAN TUT DAU THE KY XX DEN NAY NAM 2013 DAO THU VAN" Nghien cflu ve Phan Boi Chau va phong trao Dong Du la mot trong so
Trang 1NHONG NGHIEN CUU VE P H A N BOI CHAU VA PHONG TRAO DONG DU
or NHAT BAN TUT DAU THE KY XX DEN NAY (NAM 2013)
DAO THU VAN"
Nghien cflu ve Phan Boi Chau va
phong trao Dong Du la mot trong
so' nhflng chu diem dfldc nhi^'u nha Viet
-Nam hoc tai Nhat Ban quan tam, nghien
cflu De CO cai nhin tfldng doi toan dien eac
nghi§n cflu ve Phan Boi Chau, phong trao
D5ng Du d nfldc ngoai, bai vi§'t xin gidi thieu
ve qua trinh nghien eflu Phan Boi Chau,
phong trao Dflng Du d Nhat Ban trong
khoang thdi gian tfl dau thS' ki XX dd'n nay
(nam 2013) vdi nhflng khuynh hfldng, dac
diem cu the Tren cd sd do nham bo sung
nhflng diem edn khuyet thi^u khi nghien
cflu chia de nay d Nhat Ban
1 NhCfng t a c p h a m c u a P h a n Boi
C h a u va cac chi si D o n g Du dflqfc xua't
ban, d i c h t h u a t t a i N h a t B a n
Ngay 20 thang Chap nam At Ty
(23-2-1905), Phan Boi Chau cflng mot s6' sT phu
Vigt Nam (Dang Tfl Kinh, Tang Bat Ho) da
xuo'ng tau buon Tay tfl Hai Phdng di Mdng
Cai va bat d i u lich sfl xua't dfldng (1) Cuoi
thang 4 nam 1905, ea doan dat chan dS'n
T h i n H6 (eang Kobe) va bat dau qua trinh
tim hieu thflc sfl ve Nhat Ban vdi muon
van nhflng kho khan, rao can ldn nha't la
yS'u to ngon ngfl Trong khoang thdi gian d
Nhat Ban tig'n hanh phong trao Dong Du,
Phan Boi Chau va cac chi si Dong Du da gap gd but dam, nhan dfldc nhieu sfl giup
dd cua Ludng Khai Sieu 0 =t ^ (tL^^J: 9, Ba tfldc Dai Oi Trong Tin (Okuma Shigenobu), Khuy§'n DiTdng Nghi (Inukai Tsuyoshi, Ba Nguyen Van Thai Lang (Kashiwabara Buntarou), Bac si Thien Vu Ta Hy Thai Lang (Asaba Sakitaro) Trong 4 nam 3 Nhat, phong trao Dong Du da dfla dfldc khoang 200 ngudi sang du hoc tai cac trfldng Cha'n Vo hoc hiSu, Dong A Dong van thfl vien Ngoai viec trflc tie'p dfla hoc sinh Viet Nam sang du hoc thi Phan B6i Chau con chu trong den viec xuat ban sach bao tuyen truyan ve nfldc Trong thdi gian d Nhat mot s6' tac pham da dfldc in an nhfl:
Tae pham Viet Nam uong qudc s^ da dfldc
Phan Boi Chau viet vao nfla dau nam 1905
va nhd Lfldng Khai Sieu in Ha tuan thang
6 nam 1905, P h a n Boi Chau cung Dang Tii
Kinh mang 50 ban in Viet Nam vong quoc
s& ve nfldc (2) Cung trong nam do, thang 9,
Phan Boi Chau quay lai Nhat Ban va trong cuoc trd chuyen dam dao cflng Ludng Khai Sieu Lfldng Khai Sieu khuyen Phan Boi Chau e£n phai co mot bai van cd dong de nhflng ngUdi hflu tam trong nude cung quyen gop Trong hoan canh do ban
"KhuyS'n quoc dan t u trd du hoc van" da
' ThS.NCS Trudng Dai hoc Kanazawa (Nhat Ban)
Trang 2dfldc viet Theo Phan Bpi Chau nien bieu
chuyen de Tfl truyen "Thao xong dem trinh
dng Lfldng, ong vui long in cho toi khong
ma't tien in In xong hdn 3000 trang cdn
chfla kip gfli dem ve nufdc " (3) Den eu6'i
nam do Tang Bat Ho, Dang Tfl Ki'nh da trd
vi nfldc van dong va mang theo vai ngan td
"Tfl trd du hdc van"
Sang nam 1906, de thuc day so lUdng du
hoc sinh sang Nhat, Phan Bgi Chau da viet
kha nhieu tac p h i m nhU: "Hai ngoai huyet
thfl sd bi§n" tai Binh Ngp Hien (Yokohama),
"Hai ngoai huyet thfl toan bien" Nam 1908,
Hdi ngogi huyet thU todn bien, sa bien dfldc
tai ban lai nham tuyen truyen tu tfldng yeu
nfldc, chd'ng thflc dan Phap nhung sau do da
hi eanh sat Nhat tich thu va dot Cung trong
nam nay tac pham Kinh cdo todn quoc phu
Ido vdn de keu gpi cac bac phu lao trong
nfldc tich cflc van dpng ung ho du hpc sinh
Ban van nay in xong dfldc gfli eho Ly Tue
dfla ve giao cho ong Tang Bat Ho phat bo d
Trung Nam Ky, cdn Bac Ky do ong Nguygn
Hai T h i n phat bo'
Ai Viet dieu Diin cung dfldc viet trong
nam 1906, tac pham neu len nhflng ldi ich
cua tinh doan ke't Viet Nam vdi eac tinh
giap bien gidi cua Trung Quo'c Tac pham
nay dfldc vi§'t ra nham tranh thu sfl giup
dd, ung ho cua Iflu hpc sinh va cac nha boat
dpng tinh Van Nam doi vdi boat dpng ciaa
ngfldi Viet Nam d Nhat
Nam 1907, tac p h i m "Tan Viet Nam
toan thfl" dfldc bien scan da noi ve Mfldi
dieu sung sfldng va Sau dieu by vpng doi
vdi nfldc Viet Nam mdi in thanh 1.000 ban
Hinh anh nfldc Viet Nam mdi dfldc mieu ta
trong tac p h i m nay la hinh anh Nhat Ban
dfldng thdi Day la tac pham dfldc Phan Bpi
Chau vi§'t vdi tinh than lac quan nha't
Trong nam nay, Di tinh qud'c ddn hon dfldc
cha'p but k§u gpi cac tang ldp: si, nong,
vai trd bon phan eua minh co'ng hien cho nudc nha
Viet Nam Quoc sii khdo viet vao cuo'i
nam 1908, dUdc Soransha, Tokyo phat hanh vao dau nam 1909 Day la cuo'n lupc khao viet theo each mdi ve lich sfl Viet Nam Trong tac pham nay, Phan Bpi Chau dfla ra nhieu khai niem mdi ve quo'c gia-quo'c dan, dan quyen, van minh phan anh mpt bfldc phat trien mdi trong nhan thflc
va t u tudng cfla ong
Co the tha'y, trong thdi gian phong trao Dong Du diin ra, Phan Bpi Chau da viet kha nhieu tac pham va dfldc in a'n tai Nhat, roi dupc chuyen ve Viet Nam Nhflng tac pham tren co tac dung co vu dpng vien tinh than va tuyen truyen ra't ldn No gop ph^n tang nhanh so' li(dng du hpc sinh d 3 ki sang Nhat
Phan tren toi da de cap dS'n cac tac pham do chinh Phan Bpi Chau viet va xua't ban, in an tai Nhat, roi chuyan ve Viet Nam trong thdi gian phong trao Dong Du diin ra (1905-1909) Tuy nhi§n sau do, nhieu tac p h i m cua Phan B6i Chau da dupe cac nha nghien cflu Nhat Ban dieh ra tieng Nhat Co the diem qua mpt so' tac pham tieu bieu sau:
Nam 1966, tai Nhat Ban cuon sach ' A h
^ A t S s B f e ' (Betonamu boukoku shi sonota)
(Viet Nam vong qudc su" vd mgt sd' khdc)
(Nha xuat ban Heibonsha ^ Ji ft, Tokyo), bao gom cac tac p h i m cCta Phan Bpi Chau
nhvt Viet Nam vong qudc sii ('^ x h t A t H
* ) , Nguc trung thU (3Di 4^ IB), Thien h6De
hd ( ^ fi^ ^ 6^), Hdi ngogi huyet thU ( S ?!• ifil
S t^ ^ ) da dfldc hai tae gia Nagaoka Shinjirou (4) va Kawamoto Kunie (5) dich cong phu va c i n than sang tieng Nhat Cd th§ noi day la nhflng cong trinh mang y nghia ldn trong qua trinh nghien cflu ve Phan Bpi Chau cung nhfl tfl tfldng cua ong
Trang 3Mpt cuo'n sach khac la "Viet Nam nghia
liet sfl" do Dang Doan Bang (mot chi si tham
gia phong trao Dong Du, ngfldi Nam Dinh)
viet bang chfl Han ghi lai tieu sfl cua mpt so'
chi Sl Viet Nam boat dpng each mang dau
the ki XX va dflpc Phan Thi Han (tfle Phan
Bpi Chau) chinh sfla, Nguyin Thfldng Hien
de tUa in d Trung Quo'c nam 1918 Tac pham
nay nam 1972 da dufpc tac gia Ton Quang
Phiet dich ra tieng Viet va dfldc Nxb Van
hoc in an, phat hanh Tac pham da ghi chep
tUdng do'i ti mi tieu sfl cua nhieu chi si tham
gia Dong Du tai Nhat Ban nhU: LUdng Lap
Nham (Ludng Ngpc Quyen), Lfldng Nghi
Khanh, Tran Dong Phong, Cao True Hai
Nam 1993, hpe gia Goto Kinpei (6) da dich
cuo'n saeh tren ra tieng Nhat vdi tfla de "M
^ m m ^ m ih n ±L m m o w 0) B
It" (Etsunan gireshi koufutsu dokkuritsu
undou no shi no kiroku) do Nxb Tosui
Shobo (71 7K # M, Tokyo an hanh Cuon
saeh day 235 trang da dieh tUdng doi chuan
xac tieu sfl cung nhu qua trinh hoat dpng
cua cac chi si each mang Viet Nam Day
dUdc xem la mpt tai lieu tham khao co y
nghia khi ngudi Nhat muo'n tim hieu ve cac
nhan vat tham gia phong trao each mang
Viet Nam dau the ki XX
Mpt tac pham khac cua Phan Bpi Chau
ma chflng ta khong the khong ke tdi la
cuon Tu truyen (Tu phan) dupc viet nam
1929 da dfldc tac gia Utsumi Sanpachirou
(1^ S H A ep) (7) dieh sang tieng Nhat va
in trong cuon sach "Phan Bpi Chau nha van
dong each mang cua Viet Nam - Cupc ddi
efla nha each mang trong thdi gian d Nhat
Ban, Trung Quo'c" "'^ x \- t L <fi 3: i l K
W ;1 ft I* fe— H :$; • * IS ^ ig It is (t t
IE np S ro ^ ;1 " (Vetonamu dokuritsu
undouka Phan Boi Chau den Nihon
Chugoku 0 nuketa kakumeika no shougai)
(Nxb Fuyushobo - 11 § # M) an hanh nam
1999, day 330 trang Npi dung cua cuon
sach bao gom hai phan chinh: tfl trang 1 de'n trang 10 la gidi thieu ve lai lich cua cuo'n Tu phan do Phan Bpi Chau viet, cflng mpt so'bflc anh chup ban Han Van cua cuo'n Tfl phan dupc sao chep lai (nhu: ban cua Ngo Thanh Nhan); tfl trang 11 de'n trang 238 la ban dich cuo'n Tu truyen ra tieng Nhat v6i nhflng chu giai ciia tac gia Neu nhfl trong ban goc thi Tfl truyen eua eu Phan gom 3 phan 'Thdi ki thfl nha't, Thdi ki thfl hai, Thdi ki thfl ba" (8) thi trong ban dich nay tac gia Utsumi chia thanh 6 chflpng vdi cae noi dung nhfl: Di quanh da't nfldc, Dg'n dat nfldc Phfl Tang; Van dpng Dong Du, Rdi Nhat Ban, Trien khai each mang d Trung Hoa, 10 nam cuoi cflng eho'ng Phap Ben canh do, trong cuo'n sach tr§n tac gia Utsumi cdn cung ca'p ban g5'c cua cuo'n Tfl Phan (tfl trang 239 den 318)
Nhu vay, co the tha'y, trong suot hdn mpt thap ki, nhieu tac p h i m ciia Phan B5i Chau (ban Han Van) dfldc in a'n t^i Nhat va ehuyen ve ViSt Nam trong qua trinh phong trao Dong Du diin ra (1905-1909) Ngoai
ra, trong nhflng khoang thdi gian tfl thap nien 60 de'n cuo'i thap nien 90, mot so' tac pham cua cu Phan Bpi Chau, ciia cac chi si Dong Du dUdc dieh ra tid'ng Nhat va trd thanh nguon tai lieu tham khao cd gia tri cho nhflng ai muon nghien cflu ve Phan Boi Chau va phong trao each mang Viet Nam
d i u the kl XX (trong do cd phong trao Dong
Du lam trpng tam) Con so' tren tuy it di nhflng cung da the hien sii quan tam cua gidi hpc gia Nhat Ban danh cho do'i tfldng nghien cflu tren
2 NhuTng n g h i e n cufu s d m n h a t ve
P h a n Boi C h a u va p h o n g t r a o D o n g Du
cf N h a t B a n Ngoai trfl nhflng t u li§u dflpc tim tha'y trong Trung tam Iflu trfl cua Bo Ngoai giao
Nhat thi vao nam 1936 trong cuo'n Truyin
Trang 4Senkaku Shishi kiden ( m S 3 t ^ S ± f f i e )
do Kokuryukai (Hac Long Hpi - Hpi Rdng
den) (9) bien soan da c6 n h i c den boat dpng
ciia cac chf si An Nam tren dat Nhat Ban
(chi phong trao Dong Du do Phan Bpi Chau
va Cudng De phu trach) Cuo'n sach tren
dupc bien soan lan d i u tien nam 1936, gom
3 tap (Thfldng, Trung, Ha), de'n nam 1966,
(Showa 41) va nam 1977 (Showa 52) dUdc
Nha xua't ban Hara Shobo tai ban lai Npi
dung boat dpng cua Phan Bdi Chau va cac
chi si An Nam dUdc n h i c de'n trong chUdng
6 (tap Trung) eua cuo'n sach, tfl trang
816-825 Trong chUdng 6 nay, cac tac gia co viet
nhu sau: "An Nam la nfldc co lich sfl lau
ddi Nhan dan An Nam muo'n thoat khdi sU
cai tri cua Phap, khoi phuc lai nen dpc lap
hoan toan Khoang nam Meiji thfl 35
(1902), hp da khdi xUdng phong trao co to
chflc vi dpc lap An Nam Nhan vat trung
tam cua phong trao la Phan Bpi Chau Ong
da tap hdp cac dong chi trong niidc, suy ton
VUdng tpc Cudng De thanh lap Quo'c dan
Dang (Dang d day la chi Hpi Duy tan)" (10)
Trong cuo'n sach cd de cap ngan gpn tinh
hinh t h a n h nien Viet Nam sang luu hpc tfl
nam 1907-1908 eo khoang 100 ngfldi vao
hpc tai Toa Dobun Shoin (Dong A dong van
thfl vien), sfl giup dd cua mot so' nhan vat
nhfl Fukushima Yasumasa, Kashiwabara
Buntaro, qua trinh true xua't Iflu hpc sinh
Viet Nam rdi Nhat Ban sau khi Hiep udc
Phap Nhat dflpc ki ke't
Nhfl vay CO the thay rang, day la mot tai
lieu sdm nha't de cap den Phan Bpi Chau va
phong trao Dong Du Cac tac gia chiu anh
hudng ciia chu nghia chau A nen hp ung hp
phong trao cua cac chi si An Nam Nhflng
ghi chep nay ra't co gia tri trong qua trinh
nghien cflu lich sii va'n de Phan Bpi Chau,
phong trao Dong Du d Nhat Ban
Nam 1941, tac gia Oiwa Makoto (11) da
dpng dan tpc An Nam" (Annan Minzoku
undoushi gaisetsu - ^ ^ S J^ iS lb $.),
nha xua't ban Guroria Sosaete
C ^ y & • -^^^X, Tokyo) Cuo'n sach gdm
7 p h i n vdi nhflng npi dung ve qua trinh van dpng dan tpc cua Viet Nam nhfl phong trao C i n VUdng, phong trao cua Phan Bpi Chau, Phan Chu Trinh Trong cuo'n nay tfl
trang 38-46 (phan 4) da di cap tdi moi quan
he gifla Nhat Ban va van dpng dpc lap cua Viet Nam (Nihon to Estnan dokuritsu undou): "Trung t u i n thang 4 nam Meiji thfl
38 (1905), Phan 39 tudi Phan da d§'n tham Lfldng Khai Sieu - nha each mang Trung Hoa dang d Yokohama Lfldng cam dpng trudc nhiet tam cua Phan Ve van de cung cap vu khi thi co the se de xay ra chien sU gifla Phap va Nhat, cho nen ke saeh tot nhat luc nay la gap gd cac yeu nhan co the luc de mong trd giup (ban but dam cua Phan va Ludng)" (12)
Nhu vay trUdc nam 1945, tai Nhat Ban
da xua't hien mpt so' bai viet mang tinh gpi
md, tuy cdn n g i n gpn, sd gian ve Phan Bpi Chau va phong trao hoat dpng each mang cua cac chi si An Nam tren da't Nhat (phong trao Dong Du 1905-1909) nhflng chiing toi xem day la tien de quan trong md
ra cac hfldng nghien cflu cu the ve Phan Bpi Chau, phong trao Dong Du tfl sau 1945 de'n dau the ki XXI
3 Nhijfng hfl6ng n g h i e n cijfu c h i n h
ve P h a n Boi C h a u v a p h o n g t r a o D o n g
D u dr N h a t B a n tU nhOfng n a m 1960 d e n
n a y (2013) Sau Chien tranh the gidi lan thfl Hai, do nhiing khd khan cua tinh hinh trong nfldc nen van de thu thap nguon tai lieu nghien cflu ve Viet Nam cung nhfl khu vflc Dong Nam A gap kho khan, ban che nha't dinh Phai den nam 1960, tren nen tang cua mpt so' nghien cflu nhd le trfldc 1945, dieu kien
Trang 5chuyen nganh da xua't hien nhflng bai viet
quan tam, nghien cflu ve Phan Bpi ChSu,
phong trao Dong Du
Nam 1961, tac gia Tanigawa Yoshihiko
(13) trong bai viet "Chu nghia dan tpc Viet
Nam trfldc chien tranh the gidi l l n thfl
nha't"{m-'^n^:^m.mO)':iT hths^m
± S ) dang tren Tap ehi Lugt vd Chinh tri,
s6' 27 (2-4), tfl trang 481-496 (14) da de cap
de'n boat dong cua Phan Bpi Chau Tac gia
Tanigawa sfl dung tai lieu Han Van nhu
Nguc trung thfl ban Han Van, tfl lieu tieng
Phap qua saeh cua Le Thanh Khoi, tai li§u
Iflu trfl Bai vi§'t da neu cac diem chinh: Sfl
phat sinh chu nghia dan tpc Viet Nam; gidi
thieu ve hai nha each mang Phan Bpi
Chau, Phan Chu Trinh; hoat dpng cua
Phan Bpi Chau tfl sau nam 1909,
Nam 1966, trong cudn "Viet Nam vong
qudc sfl va mpt so' van de khac" (^ h"^At:|lSE
Jill) do Nagaoka Shinjirou va Kawamoto
Kunie dich sang tieng Nhat co tap hdp them
mpt so' bai viet nghien eflu ve "Tieu sfl Phan
Bpi Chau - Cupe ddi va thdi dai" (Jiil^/hsED
i 0±Mt mt) cua Kawamoto Kunie (15)
Trong bai viet, tac gia da diem qua mpt so'
nghien cflu ve Phan Bpi Chau d Viet Nam
trong nhflng nam 1950-1960, co nhie tdi
cuo'n Lich sit Viet Nam can dgi do Tran Huy
Lieu bien soan xua't ban nam 1958; hay bai
viet Bdn ve chu nghia yeu nUdc cua Nguyin
Bite Sii dang tren Tap chf Nghiin citu Lich
su", so 83 (thang 2-1966) Phan quan trpng
trong bai vid't nay la nhflng gidi thieu chi
tiet ti mi ve cupc ddi, sfl nghiep chd'ng Phap
cflu nfldc cua cu Phan Bpi Chau tfl cuo'i the
ki XIX cho de'n nam 1940
Trong cuo'n sach tren, tac gia Nagaoka
Shinjirou cflng cd bai "Ngudi Viet Nam d
Nhat Ban" (H ;$;IC Jj It § -i" i ]^tUO)X^)
(16) da de cap tdi cac nhan vat nhfl Phan
Bpi Chau, Cfldng De, nhiSng nhan vat dau
diin ra nhfl: Nguyin Thflc Canh (Tran Hflu Cong), Lfldng Lap Nham (Lfldng Ngoc Quyen), Nguyin Dien vao hpc d Chan Vo hoc hi§u (Shinbu gakko) cdn Lfldng Nghi Khanh thi vao Dong Van Thfl vien Ben canh mpt s6' bai vigt mang tinh cha't nghign eflu cu the tren thi cuo'n sach edn diem lai nhflng trfldc tac ciia P h a n B6i Chau theo
nien bieu, nhfl: Tac pham Binh Tdy thu
Bdc (1883), Luu Cdu huyet le tdn thU
(1903), Viet Nam vong qudc su: (1906)
Nhfl vay trong thap nien 60, va'n de Phan Bpi Chau chu ye'u dfldc nghien cflu mpt each khai quat, diem lai boat dpng chfnh eiing nhfl vai net ve cupc ddi boat dpng, nhflng tac phim ciia Phan Bpi Chau Cac tac gia chfla
di sau phan tich dpng cd cua phong trao va npi dung tu tudng efla Phan Bpi Chau co chuyen bien, thay doi ra sao Nhflng phan ban che tren da dflpc cac tae gia thdi ki sau (thap nien 70-90) bo sung
Trong giai doan tfl nhiing nam 70 den eudi thap nien 90 cua the ki XX, da xuit hien mot so' hoc gia chpn lUa va'n de Phan Bdi Chau, phong trao Dong Du lam hfldng nghien cflu chuyen sau cua minh, trong dd tigu bieu la Sakai Izumi i l # L^ f 5^ va Shiraishi Masaya S 5 B -fe Nam 1972, tac gia Sakai Izumi da dang bai "Phong trao da'u tranh chdng Phap d Viet Nam dau the
ki XX - Tfl tudng va hoat dpng cua Phan Boi
Chau" in tren Nguyet san Nghien ciiu A Phi
(17) Bai nghien cflu cua tac gia Sakai Izumi
da sii dung tfl lieu eua cac nha sfl hpe mien Ble va cd nhflng danh gia; Phan Bpi Chau la ngfldi lanh dao hoat dpng giai phong dan toe
va doan ke't dan toe Tuy nhien, tfl tudng cua Phan Bpi Chau ve lien minh cong nong va ehu nghia phan de con chUa ro rang Dd'i vdi nha nghien cflu Shiraishi Masaya (eo the goi dng la nha P h a n Boi Chau hpe d Nhat Ban) bdi lg Shiraishi
Trang 6sach bao mien Bic, mien Nam, tfl ligu bang
tieng Phap, t u lieu sUu tam dflpc d Nhat
Ban de di sau nghien cflu t u tfldng cua
Phan Bpi Chau, nhflng boat dpng cu the
cua cu Phan Bpi Chau tren da't Nhat Ban
Co the diem qua mot so'bai nghign cflu:
• Bai viet "Phan Bpi Chau va Nhat Ban"
(Phan Boi Chau and Japan) dUdc dang tren
Tap chi Nghien citu Bong Nam A, so' thang
12-1975, da de cap tdi nhflng van de nhU:
Vi sao mpt so' tri thflc Viet Nam nhfl
Nguygn Lp Trach, Nguygn Trfldng To,
Phan Bpi Chau da c6 nhflng nhan thflc ve
Nhat Ban; •\^ sao Phan Bpi Chau lai lua
chpn viec sang Nhat? Tfl tfldng cua Phan
Bpi Chau ve Nhat Ban da co thay ddi ra sao
(18)?
"Giao lilu gifla Phan Bpi Chau va eac
nha boat dpng cua tinh Van Nam trong thdi
k i a N h a t " ( i ^ B ^ ® 7 7 >• ? K - f - ? V ' ^ ( M - t
h) tmrn'-^l^MMt (J)S^}^ -Tainichiki no
Phan Boi Chau (Betonamu) to yunanshou
katsudouka tono kouryu) dang trgn Ky yg'u
cua Trung tam nghign cflu Van hda Dong
Dfldng (Toyo Bunka) (trflc thupe Dai hpc
Tokyo), so 85, tfl trang 37-105 (nam 1981)
- Do'i saeh eua nha dUdng cue Nhat Phap
vdi phong trao Dong Du gdm p h i n 1 va 2 (:^
iS - Touyuu undou (Betonamu) o meguru
nichifutsu ryotokyoku no taiou) P h i n 1
dfldc dang tren tap chf efla Trfldng Dai hpe
Ngoai ngfl Osaka sd' 73 nam 1987 (tfl trang
111-140), p h i n 2 dflpc dang trgn luan tap
cua Dai hpe Thanh pho' Yokohama so' 40
(1), thang 3 nam 1989, tfl trang 249 de'n
trang 323
- Nhflng ngay eudi cflng cua Phan Bpi
Chau d Nhat - Sfl tha't bai efla phong trao
Dong Du dau the ki XX ( S B 'K h ± A A ^ i S
o T- Zainichi Betonamujin Touyu undou no
taikyo o megutte) (19) Bai viet da de cap de'n nhflng npi dung cd ban nhU: Nguygn cd
vi sao phong trao Dong Du d Nhat Ban phai cha'm dflt, xae dinh chd d, cupc song cua luu hpc sinh thdi dilm cud'i nam 1908, d i u
1909; xung quanh eudn Hdi ngogi huyet
thU; Hoi tudng cua Phan Bpi Chau va tu
lieu cfla nha dUdng cue Nhat - Phap
- Mpt bai nghien cflu khac co gia tri va eung cap nhieu tfl lieu mdi cua tac gia Shiraishi Masaya la "Thanh nien Viet Nam luu hpe Nhat Ban - Phong trao Dong Du d Nhat Ban thdi ki Meiji" (^ h t A W ^ ® B :^
® ^ - , B^ -^ ^ B :$: (c J5 It § m )® Jl K-Betonamu seinen no nihon ryugaku Meijiki nihon ni okeru touyuu undou) dang tren Ky yeu cua Trung tam nghien cflu giao due quo'c gia, so' 121 (thang 3 nam 1992), tfl trang 39 de'n trang 57 Bai viet gom mot so' npi dung chinh cd ban nhfl: Mue dieh cua phong trao Dong Du, qua trinh hpc tap cua thanh nign Viet Nam d Cha'n Vo hpc hieu (Shimbu Gakkou), Tokyo Ddng Van thu vien (Tokyo Dobun Shoin) va Tieu hpe Lich Xuyen (d Tokyo) (Rekisen Shougakkou) -trudng tieu hpe nay ra ddi tfl nam 1873 Ne'u nhu thong tin ve Iflu hpc sinh Viet Nam tham gia hoe d Cha'n Vo va Dong Van thfl vien diidc d^ cap de'n trong mpt so' tfl lieu trfldc do thi trong bai viet nay Shiraishi Masaya da cung cap them danh saeh mpt so' hpc sinh nhd tudi Viet Nam (9 ngudi) hpc tai tidu hoe nay nhu Tran Phuc
An, Tran Ngpc Thu, Hoang Van Ky, T r i n Phflc Dinh, Tran Vi Hung Dp tudi cfla cac
em dao dpng tfl 8 dg'n 11 tudi
Tren cP sd mdt sd bai nghien cflu cong bd' nhd le tren, nam 1991, tac gia Shiraishi Masaya da hoan thanh luan an vdi de tai vd" Phan Bpi Chau va phong trao Ddng Du Nam 1993, cuo'n sach "Phong trao dan tpc Viet Nam va quan he eua nd vdi Nhat Ban
Trang 730
mang va the gi6i" (Kh t h^m'Mm t B :^
• 7 •:/ 7 : 7 7 > • TK ' ( • ? V ^ ro^^,Sig t
>^ 9]- IS !al) dupe nha xuat ban if M ^ phat
hanh Cudn sach nay nam 2000 da dupe
Nxb Chinh tri Qud'c gia in (gdm hai tap)
Cuo'n sach la tai lieu tham khao quy bau cho
nhflng ai nghign cflu ve tu tudng cua Phan
Bdi Chau Cudn saeh vdi khd'i Ifldng sfl lidu
kha phong phfl bing tie'ng Viet, tieng Phap,
Anh va tid'ng Nhat Tac gia da khai thac
nhieu tfl lidu gdc va mdi, eo gia tri
Trong thap nien 90, tai Nhat Ban cd mpt
nghidn cflu dang chfl y cua tae gia Nguyen
Tig'n Luc, ngfldi da hpc thac si, lam nghien
cflu sinh tai Dai hpc Hiroshima tfl nam
1992 de'n nam 1998 De tai luan an ciia tae
gia la "Nghien eflu lich sfl quan he Nhat
Ban - Viet Nam tfl thdi ki Meiji den Chien
tranh Thai Binh Dfldng 1945" (r< h f L B
:^mm$.o)w^- m>^n.mt^i±^^}tm^
^ T" -) (20) De tai eua tac gia da de cap dg'n
md'i quan he Nhat Ban - Viet Nam trong
lich sfl theo tflng giai doan: thdi ki Meiji
cud'i the' ki XIX dg'n d i u the' ki XX,
1910-1945 Trong giai doan eudi XIX de'n dau
XX, Nguygn Tie'n Luc da trinh bay nhflng
nhan thflc ve Nhat Ban cua gidi tri thflc
Viet Nam thdng qua trUdng hdp Nguyen Ld
Trach, Nguygn Trfldng To, Phan Bpi Chau,
Phan Chu Trinh Tren cd sd do tac gia di
sau nghien cflu cac hoat dpng cu the cua
Phan Bpi Chau tren da't Nhat Ban (sfl tie'p
xuc, giflp dd eua cac chinh khach Nhat
danh cho cu Phan Bpi Chau va phong trao
Ddng Du), boat dpng hpc tap cua Iflu hpc
sinh Viet Nam Tac gia da khai thae dflPe
nhieu tu lieu tai Trung tam sfl lieu cua Bp
ngoai giao Nhat Ban Cdng trinh nay md ra
mpt hfldng nghien cflu cu the: Nghien citu
lich su" quan he gifla hai qud'c gia Nhat
-Viet thdi ki can dai
Ben canh mdt sd' tae gia ke tren, tai
eung CO mdt so nha nghien cflu khac nghidn eflu ve Phan Bdi Chau, phong trao Dong
Du Co t h i ke de'n mpt sd tac gia nhfl Kusunose Masaaki (21), Miyazawa Chihiro (22), Imai Akio (23), Gotou Kinpei (24) Thdng qua ndi dung eua mdt sd' bai nghign cflu chflng tdi nhan thay h l u bet eae tae gia chfl y tim hieu may va'n de cP ban sau: Tfl tfldng cua Phan Bdi Chau khi d Nhat, nhflng hoat ddng cd ban cua eac chi si Dong
Du tren da't Nhat, nhflng ly giai xoay quanh sfl cham dflt eua phong trao Ddng
Du Thanh cdng ldn nhat trong giai doan nay la cae tac gia da khai thac va sfl dung tdt nhieu ngudn tu lieu bang tie'ng Viet, Phap, Anh va Nhat Ban
Kd' thfla nhflng kd't qua nghien cflu ciia eac tae gia d giai doan trudc, tfl nam 2000 den nam 2013 da co mot sd' cudn saeh, bai viet da dflpc cdng bd' nhu:
- Mpt so' eud'n sach dUpc x u i t ban trong thdi ki nay nhfl:
1 Mori Tsutaya: Mdt dng vua cud'i eiing
nfla dg'n tfl Viet Nam ^[i kh'^h 5fet t 9
-XO) "? 2 [• X y ^^ - do Nxb Kadokawa
Bunko an hanh nam 2003 Cud'n sach cung ca'p nhflng tfl lieu mdi ve cudc ddi eua Cfldng De Tac gia vd'n la mpt dao dien phim tfl lieu nen cudn sach co nhflng phin
gid'ng nhfl kf su lich sii Tae gia ed de'n gap
ba Ando nariyuki - con nudi cua dng ba Ando Chie ngfldi sd'ng cung Cfldng Dd' trong
10 nam cuo'i ddi
2 Tanaka Tsutomu: Ve dep Dong Du Nhat Vidt - Bf mat trong lich s^ ddc lap cua Viet Nam - Ddng Du ciia Phan Bdi Chau va Thien Vu Ta Hy Thai Lang (Asaba Sakitarou) a ^ H > X - O l l - ' ? i h t A 3 4 3i
^if 5 & ; l i m i * ( 7 7 VJK-r 5^3 0) 0)MM( h'vX -) (= B *(c ^^) mmtm^ii m-:m (Nxb Minh Thanh xa m fS i±, 2010, 276 trang)
Cud'n sach gdm 3 p h i n , trong do phan 1 tap
Trang 8Phan Bdi Chau va Asaba Sakitarou; p h i n 2
CO n h i c tdi cudc gap gd gifla Phan Bdi Chau
va Dai Oi Trpng Tin, td chfle Viet Nam
quang phuc hpi; phan 3 de cap tdi gia dinh
cua bae si Asaba Sakitarou va mdi quan he
hflu hao Nhat-Viet
3 Shiraishi Masaya: Sfl hfldng t6i Nhat
Ban eua ngudi anh hflng Phan Bdi Chau va
hoang than Cudng Dd B :^^ ft ? U t ^^ h:^ i,
o^mtm^.77 y- t^^-^^'Ototy-^
(15 ^ft^b rorfe|BI"-*D§7 V7 0)jS.mn^,
Nxb Thai Lflu Xa ^ ji^ i4, 2012
- Mdt so' bai nghidn cflu edng bd' trong
thdi ki nay:
1 Tae gia Miyazawa Chihiro da eo mdt
loat bai viet ve thdi ki Cudng De quay trd
lai Nhat Ban tfl nam 1915-1951 Tae gia
cung ca'p mdt so' t u lieu mdi ve cac hoat
ddng ygu nfldc chd'ng Phap cua Cfldng De
trong giai doan n g i n mang tinh tich cue
(1919-1926) (25) Nam 2013, Miyazawa
Chihiro da edng bd bai vig't trgn Tap ehi
Nghien cOu chdu A, sd 15, tfl trang
460-491, ve bflc thfl cua Cfldng De gfli Phan
Chu Trinh 0 t y T(D7 ^ y • fj.':?- fyU
2 Oita Yoshiharu: Diem gap gd gifla
Asaba Sakitarou va 100 nam phong trao
Ddng Du cua Viet Nam (Kousaten Asaba
Sakitarou to BetonamuTouyuu Undou 100
s h u u n e n ( x # ^ ; S ^ i 4 # : t a j i t ^\'thMm
M M 100 Ji ^ ) Bai viet dang trdn Tap chi
Kyousai to houken, so 47 (8), thang 8-2005
tfl trang 8 den trang 11
3 Imai Akio cung cd bai viet Thdi ki
Phan Bdi Chau 5 Nhat Ban va su hinh
thanh tfl tfldng (Phan Boi Chau no nihon
taizai keiken to sono shisoukeisei - 7 7 ^ •
j K - f - ^ V ^ O B :$:;•§ e ^ i l t - f © S S B
IS) Bai viet dang trgn Tap ehi Nghien citu
D6ng Nam A eua Trfldng Dai hpc Ngoai
ngfl Tokyo, sd 11-2006, trang 80 - 86
4 Nam 2005, tai Nhat Ban nhan dip ki niem 100 nam phong trao Ddng Du eflng da
CO mpt sd' cupc hpi thao dupc td chflc va cae tac gia da cong bd' nhflng bai vid't ve van de nay nhu: T r i n Dfle Thanh Phong: Ky Ngoai Hau Cudng De va phong trao Ddng Du; Dd Thdng Minh: Hoat ddng Dong Du d Nhat Ban; Momoki Shiro: Phong trao Ddng Du trong lieh sfl ehau A va the' gidi Nhu vay, co the thay trong vdng hdn 10 nam dau cua thg' ki XXI, va'n de Phan Bpi Chau, phong trao Ddng Du va mdi quan he hflu hao Nhat-Viet van nhan dUde sfl quan tam, tigp tuc nghien cflu cua mdt sd hoc gia Nhat Ban Cac tac gia da md rdng hudng nghidn eflu: Hoat ddng chd'ng Phap cua chi
si Ddng Du sau khi luu hpc sinh Viet Nam
hi true xua't khdi Nhat Ban hdi d i u nam
1909 Cung cap nhflng tU lieu mdi ve cupc sd'ng cua CuPng De, Tran Phuc An d Nhat sau khi phong trao Ddng Du tan ra (26)
4 Mot vai n h a n xet
Thii nhdt, Nhat Ban da c6 vi tri quan
trpng trong viee xuat ban, truyen ba cac tac pham cua Phan Bdi Chau ve Viet Nam trong thdi ki Ddng Du (1905-1909)
Thit hai, tai Nhat Ban mdt sd' edng
trinh, tac pham tieu bieu eua Phan Bdi Chau, chf si tham gia Ddng Du dUdc djch thuat sang tieng Nhat Dieu nay giup cho viec nghign cflu tim hieu ve cupe ddi, boat ddng cua cu Phan, phong trao Ddng Du dupc tiep can dg dang hdn
Thit ba, tai Nhat Ban tfl nhflng nam 30
-40 cua the' ki XX da cd nhflng cud'n sach viet ve Phan Bdi Chau, Cudng De, phong trao van dpng dpc lap dan tdc eua chi si An Nam Day dUdc xem la nhflng nghien cflu sdm nha't va tao dieu kien cho nhflng nghidn cflu giai doan sau
Thii tu, thdi ki phat trien manh me va
dat nhieu thanh tflu trong nghign cflu chu
Trang 9ki XX Giai doan nay nhieu tfl lieu gd'c d
Nhat ve Phan Bdi Chau, Dong Du dfldc cac
nha nghien eflu khai thac Khuynh hfldng
cua cac de tai la: Hoat ddng cua Phan Bdi
Chau tai Nhat, hpc tap cua thanh nien
Ddng Du tai Nhat, ehuyen bie'n trong nhan
thflc tu tfldng eua Phan Bdi Chau Tren cd
sd nhflng nghidn cflu trdn, mdt so' tac gia da
gan van de vdi hfldng nghien cflu lich sfl
quan he Nhat - Viet (trudng hdp Nguydn
Tidn Lflc) Sang deh giai doan sau nam
2000, mdt sd tac gia tid'p tuc nghien cflu md'i
quan hg gifla Phan Bdi Chau vdi mdt sd'
ngudi Nhat da giflp dS phong trao nhu bac sT
Asaba Sakitarou, nhflng cau chuyen lich sfl
gid mdi dUdc kd ve" md'i quan he nay Ngoai
ra, nhflng hoat dpng eua Cudng De sau nam
1909 cflng dupc quan tam va khai thac
Nhu vay, thdng qua lich sfl nghidn cflu
va'n de Phan Bpi Chau, phong trao Ddng
Du d Nhat trong hdn 100 nam qua, chung
tdi nhan tha'y, ben canh nhflng diem tich
cue nhfl nhieu tU lieu mdi bdng tieng Nhdt
ve phong trao, nhan vat tham gia phong
trao dupc cdng bd, nhflng hoat ddng cu thd'
cua luu hpe sinh Viet Nam tren da't Nhat
da dupe gidi thieu Ddng thdi cac nha
nghien eflu cung ed nhflng danh gia khach
CHU THICH
(1), (2) DSn theo Chuong Thau, Phan Boi
Chdu todn tap, tap 6 chuyen tap "Tu truyen",
Nxb Thuan Hoa - Trung tam Ngon ngQ Van hoa
Dong Tay, 2000, tr 133, 147
(3) D i n theo Chuong Thau, Phan Boi Chdu todn
tap, tap 6 chuyen de "Tu truyen", sdd, tr 150
Ban Khuyen quo'c dan tu trO du hpc van co the
tham khao tai link sau
http://thonsau.wordpress.com/2013/ll/06/phan-boi-chau-khuyen-quoc-dan-tu-tro-du-hoc-van/
(4) Nagaoka Shinjirou sinh nam Showa thit 5
(1930) d Osaka va tflng tot nghiep Khoa Chinh tri
quan ve phong trao, ly giai eu the ly do thay ddi con dfldng cflu nfldc ciia Phan Boi Chau (cuo'n sach efla Shiraishi Masaya ve tfl tudng Phan Bdi Chau) Tuy nhien, tren cd
sd khao sat trdn chflng toi nhan tha'y d Nhat
"nhflng tfl lieu ve" boat dpng Ddng Du d Bic
Ky, Nam Ky, Trung Ky; sfl ddng gop trd giflp tfl trong nfldc dd'i vdi du hpc sinh cdn chfla dflde de cap nhieu Ngoai ra trong qua trinh Ddng du dien ra tai Nhat thi d Vidt Nam gifla cac ca nhan tham gia, lanh dao Ddng
Du da CO md'i quan he qua lai vdi mpt sd'yeu nhan cua Ddng Kinh Nghia Thuc nhu Sij kidn hai con cua cu Ludng Van Can la LUdng Lap Nham va Ludng Nghi Khanh sdm tham gia Ddng Du Dd la nhflng van
de da dflpc dd" cap trong cac nghidn eflu t?ii Viet Nam nhUng d Nhat thi va'n de" nay chfla dupc xem xet, nghien cflu eu the
Chung tdi hi vpng nhflng khoang trd'ng
tren se dupc nghien cflu va lam ro hdn b
Nhat Ban de chflng minh cho mdi quan he qua lai khang kbit gifla Nhat Ban-Viet Nam d thdi can dai thong qua hien tflpng Ddng Du va cd the se la mdi quan he gifla Dong Du - Ddng Kinh Nghia Thuc va mo hinh Keio Gijyuku (Khanh Ong nghTa thuc) trong budi dau hinh thanh
Duong tai Dai hoc Dai Bdc Ong tflng cong tac tai Van Phong Bo ngoai giao Nhat Ban, nghien ciu chu yg'u ve hch su k h u vUc Dong Nam A , (5) Kawamoto Kunie sinh nam Showa thif 4 (1929) tai Tokyo, tot nghiep Khoa V^n tai Dai hgc Keio Tfl nam 1973, tac gia cong tac tai Trung tam ngon ngii vSn hoa cua TrUOng Dai hoc Keio
(6) Goto Kinpei sinh nam 1926 6 Thanh pho
Oita (tinh Oita) Nam 1952, tac gia tot nghiep Traong Dai hoc Tokyo Sau do, cong tac tai Dai hoc Rikkyou den nam 1992 thi nghi hUu Tac gia bgn
canh viec bien dich cuon Viet Nam nghia liet s&
Trang 10Ban trong long V i | t Nam" (Nihon no naka no
betonamu • B^O) IS i? O K h t A ) (xuat ban nSm
1979) Lich sii dau t r a n h cflu quoc cua Vi§t Nam '^
h + A ^ P | i i # 5 E - Betonamu kyukoku kousou
shi (xua't ban nSm 1975)
(7) Utsumi Sanpachirou sinh n5m 1891 va mat
nam 1986 Tac gia tflng tfl't nghiep Khoa Ngoai
ngQ cua Tru6ng Dai hgc Tokyo
(8) Noi dung ciia Tu truydn co the tham khao
trong cuon Phan Bgi Chdu nien biiu do ChUOng
Thau tap hdp
(9) H i c Long Hoi dUOc thlinh Ifiip nSm 1901
(Meiji thil 34) va la to chflc theo chu nghia chau A
(10) D i n theo ban dich ciia tac gia Nguyin Tig'n
LUc in trong cuon '"NhOng hoqt dong ciia Phan Bgi
Chdu a Nhat Bdn 1905-1909" (Nxb Dgi hoc Quoc
gia Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, 2008), tr 207
(11) Oiwa Makoto sinh nam 1900 mat nSm
1957, la mflt nha chinh tri hoc ciia Nh$t, xuat than
5 Tokyo va tflng tot nghiep Khoa Lu|it hoc ciia
TrUdng Dai hoc De quo'c Kyoto Tac gia chu yeu
nghien cflu qua trinh van dong dan toe cua cac
qu6c gia 3 khu viic Dong Nam A, Dong A
(12) Theo Oiwa Makoto ^M^MM^^m
pp 41-42
(13) Tanigawa Yoshikiko sinh nam Taisho 14
(1925) tai tinh Fukuoka va tflng day tai Dai hoc
Ryukyu, Dai hoc Hiroshima Hudng nghien cHu chinh
ciia tac gia la van de dan toe 3 D3ng Nam A, phan tfch
quan diem dan toe ve chieh tranh Viet Nam
(14) Bai viet ciia tac gia Tanigawa Yoshihiko
CO the dpc tham khao tai link sau
http://ci.nii.ac.jp/els/U0006263009.pdf?id=ART000
8281005&type=pdf&lang=en&host=cinii&order_no
=&ppv_type=0&lang_sw=&no=1389683295&cp=
(15) Bai viet dUdc in trong cuoii ^ h t A t H SEflfe
(Nxb Heibonsha), pp 223 - 255
(16) Bai viet in trong cu6n M - t A t S S E i f e
(Nxb Heibonsha) pp 256-282
(17) Sakai Izumi Mi^l^-i ^^K b f hiZ^ii ^
20 i^i^^momihm^.oyT >-7if-f f v ^ r o s s
t s ISJ -h) ^ fij r vJ r T 7 g * ^i^F
?EJ| 133, 1972 pp 16-33 m ^-< \^ i- J^ H }3 It
^ 20 Ifi: le ?J] m « ivL iA Wi '^•- 7 T
Wij T) ^ n ->' i^ T T y 'J :f3 m
%J 134, 1972, pp 20-37
(18) Bai nghien cilu nay co the tham khao tai link sau http://ci.nii.ac.jp/els/110000201373.pdf?id=ARTOOO
0572951&type=pdf&lang=en&host=cinii&order_no
=&ppv_type=0&lang_sw=i&;no= 1389924686&cp=
(19) Bai vi^t dang tren Tap chi Nghien cihi lich si Bdng Phaang so'46 (2), p 382-414, thang 9
nam 1987 Co the tham khao toan van bai viet tgi link sau
http://repository.kulib.kyoto-u ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/154193/l/jor046_2_3 82.pdf
(20) Luan an ciia tac gia Nguyin Tien Li^c co the tham khao tai link sau http.//ir.hb.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/metadb/up/diss/diss_ko 1951.pdf (21) Tac gia Kusunose Masaaki c6 bai vifi't
"Chu nghia dan toe d Viet Nam dau thd' ki XX
-Tracing hop Phan Boi Chau" (20 t&iffilOSHC fi It S
^ h t A © t - V 3 t u X A - i f « E f c 5 * - D ' t L 7) dang tren Ki yeu cua Khoa Van hoc, TrUcfng Dai hpc Hiroshima so 4 1 , thang 12-1981 tii trang
164-181 Bai viet de cap den cupc gap gS ciia Phan vdi LUdng Khai Sieu tren dat Nhat, tU tu6ng cua Phan
ve dan tpc, yeu n u d c
(22) Miyazawa Chihiro n&m 1994 co bai viet
gidi thieu, binh luan ve cu6'n sach "Phong trao dan toe Viet Nam va moi quan h? vdi Nhat Ban, chau A" cua Shiraishi Masaya, dang tren Tap chi
Nghien ciiu lich sii vd vdn hoa Bong Nam A sd 23,
tr 125-128
(Xem tiep trang 44)