Grammar space 1 SB keys

r a m ram G Student Book Supplementary Material Introduction Review Test Each unit opens with a simple, real-life conversation that shows the use of the unit’s grammar points After every four units, students will take a review test The tests will help students recall what they have studied and assess their understanding of the grammar points Grammar Point Two grammar boxes explain the main grammar points in the unit Simple charts and corresponding pictures help students clearly understand and easily grasp the fundamental grammar structures that are being taught The grammar boxes are followed by practical exercises and drills that allow students to quickly check what they have learned PLUS+ Simple tips about minor exceptions, useful expressions, and word usage are provided to give students a more in-depth understanding of the grammar points Appendix More grammar rules and information are included at the back of the book Midterm/Final Test Practice Various exercises are presented to allow students to review and reinforce each unit’s grammar points and help them gradually expand their understanding of the grammar rules Grammar for Writing This section allows students to complete a written passage by applying their understanding of the key grammar points Each unit also includes an interesting reading passage that incorporates the grammar points students have learned The midterm and final tests allow students to evaluate their progress throughout the course Sentences, Nouns, & Articles Unit Unit Unit Unit Parts of a Sentence Subject + Verb Subject + Verb + Object / Complement | Nouns & Articles Nouns & Articles: A / An / The | Plural Nouns Pronouns Subject Pronouns / Object Pronouns | Demonstrative Pronouns Possessives Possessive Adjectives | Possessive Pronouns Adjectives, Adverbs, & Modal Verbs 10 14 18 Unit 13 Unit 14 Unit 15 Unit 16 Adjectives Common Adjectives | Adverbs Adverbs: Describing Verbs Unit Unit Unit Present Simple: The Verb Be Positive & Negative Present Simple Positive | 26 Negative Present Simple Yes / No Questions | 30 Frequency Adverbs Information Questions Information Questions with the Verb Be | Information Questions with Action Verbs 34 Present Continuous & Prepositions Unit Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 12 Present Continuous Positive | Negative Present Continuous Yes / No Questions | Information Questions Prepositions of Time Common Prepositions | Information Questions about Time Prepositions of Place Common Prepositions | There is / are Adverbs: Describing Adjectives or Adverbs Linking Verbs + Adjectives | Linking Verbs vs Action Verbs Modal Verbs Ability: Can | Permission: Can / May 54 58 62 66 Past Simple & Future Tense 22 Yes / No Questions | | Adjectives with Linking Verbs Present Simple Unit Demonstrative Adjectives Unit 17 Unit 18 Unit 19 Unit 20 Past Simple: The Verb Be Positive & Negative | Yes / No Questions Past Simple Positive | 74 Negative Past Simple Irregular Verbs | Yes / No Questions Future Positive & Negative | 70 Yes / No Questions 78 82 Supplementary Material 38 42 46 50 • Review Tests - 5 • Appendix • Midterm Test / Final Test 88 - 97 98 - 100 Parts of a Sentence Subject + Verb + Object/Complement I like animals They are cute Some sentences are made up of a subject, a verb, and an object The object is the person or thing that receives the action of the verb Subject + Verb A sentence has a subject and a verb The subject tells who or what the sentence is about The verb tells what the subject is or does Some sentences are made up of only a subject and a verb Subject Verb The wind blows A dog barks Birds fly They go Subject Verb Object I like cookies Mike drinks milk We watch TV Some sentences are made up of a subject, a verb, and a complement The complement describes the subject It usually comes after the verb be Subject Verb Complement in the sky My mother is a teacher to school These are my classmates I am hungry loudly A Read the underlined words and check(✔) Object The baby cries loudly A They smiled happily A bird sings in a tree Circle the subjects and underline the verbs Cindy studies hard Adverbs and prepositional phrases are not the main parts of a sentence The baby cries (loudly) A bird sings (in a tree) They dance beautifully My family lives in an apartment Nick and Jack worked together B We sleep on the bed B Find the missing parts in the sentences and check(✔) Subject sings well eats quickly I to school on Monday works at a bank Annie and Julia at school Verb Jonathan is a computer programmer Jack and Andy play basketball together My brothers are lazy Mrs Jones wears a hat on sunny days We eat chocolate cake after dinner The bed is comfortable Complement Circle the verbs and write O for the objects and C for the complements The car is expensive C The children speak English O Tony is my friend C The roses are beautiful C Emily makes a sandcastle O The man has lunch at the restaurant O Subjects, verbs, objects, and complements are the main parts of a sentence Unit • Parts of a Sentence Practice A A Read the underlined words and check(✔) Subject Object Choose and complete the passages about Tracy and Brian Complement My name is Sam Sally cooks dinner on Fridays am is smiles me The roller coaster is fun The movie is boring My sister wants new shoes Peter goes to the museum Verbs works Objects practice Brian exciting a tennis coach delicious bread I Tracy am My father is He teaches I B Complements practice a tennis coach me on weekends very hard Tennis is He S, V, O Mary is smart S, V, C She likes math S, V, O David is a soccer player S, V, C B is works Brian at a bakery He makes delicious bread He always 10 smiles Find the subjects, verbs, objects, and complements and write the numbers S, V He runs fast His name S, V Sam is in the library He reads a book Hello! My name is Dr Bay I am a veterinarian A veterinarian is a doctor for animals Giraffes are tall S, V, C difficult, but I enjoy it I They eat the leaves on trees S, V, O Usually, I My job is very see different animals every day help dogs and cats I help like hamsters and lizards other animals, too, They come to my hospital when they are sick Sometimes, animals are very Write S , V , O , and C for the subjects, verbs, objects, and complements C exciting animals come to my emergency clinic I love Unscramble the words and write the sentences walk / My sister / the dog / and I My sister and I walk the dog live / They / in a city They live in a city a businessman / He / is He is a businessman sing / on the stage / We We sing on the stage should visit 10 sick Those my job You me at my animal hospital sometime! Subject ②⑥⑧ Verb ③④ Object ⑤⑨⑩ Complement ①⑦ Unit • Parts of a Sentence Nouns & Articles Plural Nouns A: I have a bicycle B: Is the bicycle new? We use a plural noun when there are two or more people or things Noun Type Nouns & Articles: A / An / The A noun is the name of a person, animal, place, or thing The article a or an comes before a singular noun a + noun an + noun a lady a house a piano a story a mirror an animal an elevator an idea an office an umbrella • An is used when a noun begins with the vowel sound a , e , i , o , or u The article the comes before a singular or plural noun when we talk about a specific thing There is a sandwich Chris has two cats The sandwich is fresh The cats are cute A The also comes before a noun when it is the only one of something the + noun A B the earth the sun the moon the sky the sea Write a or an before the nouns a computer a daughter an actor a student an island an egg Circle the correct articles Grace’s bag is heavy She has many books and ( a / an / the ) umbrella in it They moved to a new house They like ( a / an / the ) house There is a big mall near here I went to ( a / an / the ) mall yesterday It’s going to rain ( A / An / The ) sky is cloudy Jim lost his cell phone He needs ( a / an / the ) new cell phone 10 B Singular → Plural Rule most nouns pen → pens book → books bike → bikes girl → girls key → keys cat → cats + –s nouns ending in –o, –x, –s, –ch, or –sh potato → potatoes fox → foxes bus → buses watch → watches bench → benches dish → dishes + –es nouns ending in a consonant + –y baby → babies candy → candies lady → ladies story → stories country → countries city → cities –y → –ies nouns ending in –f/–fe leaf → leaves wolf → wolves wife → wives knife → knives irregular nouns person → people woman → women tooth → teeth mouse → mice –f(e) → –ves child → children man → men foot → feet goose → geese – Write the plural forms of the nouns watch – watches story – stories thief – thieves shoe – shoes class – classes letter – letters wolf – wolves mouse – mice 10 tie city cities – – ties Complete the sentences bench The benches man Two men foot My feet are brown are swimming are cold Some plural nouns are the same as their singular forms deer → deer sheep → sheep fish → fish toothbrush There are five toothbrushes in the bathroom country There are many fish There are five countries fish in the world in the pond Unit • Nouns & Articles 11 Practice A Complete the sentences with a , an , or the The A earth looks beautiful from space a Kelly has Tony’s Shopping List laptop in her bag The laptop is new the Neil Armstrong walked on an fish x tomato x kitchen knife x orange x moon in 1969 The A chef and an assistant are in the kitchen I have Tony and Lucy need to buy things for camping Write what they need chef is famous The dog doesn’t like me fox person tables There are many foxes There are six tomatoes He needs two table She needs ten battery x dish x 10 chocolate bar x alarm clock x She needs people in my family tomatoes B geese B They are following the A There are many potatoes for the radio batteries dishes for the different foods for her friends chocolate bars an[one] alarm clock for the next morning Find the five mistakes and correct them children B They are playing with toy shelter (duck) ladies ? (lady) B They are my aunts (aunt) closet Do you have a homeless The shelter will give the items to homeless people and poor shirtes, childs You can donate pants, dresses, or shoes You can even donate 10 book, a puzzle, or a piece of jewelry Before you clean out your closet, on the playground (child) buses an closet? Look inside closet and donate them You can give them to (potato) following? (goose) ducks too many old clothes? You can take the old clothes out of your , too (carrot) A Who are the 12 carrots B Okay Give me the A What are the in the cafeteria A Let’s make curry First, wash the for cutting tomato Complete the dialogues using the plural nouns kitchen knives She needs seven Do you have for the sauce are playing on the grass Mom is slicing two C for dinner fish an[one] orange for dessert Lucy needs four Look at the pictures and complete the sentences Two little He needs five He needs Lucy’s Shopping List 1 idea! Let’s take a taxi to school Jason has a dog B Tony needs three find out where you can donate! (bus) ① a closet ② the closet ⑥ children ⑧ shirts ⑩ a book Unit • Nouns & Articles 13 Pronouns C A: Where is Amy? B: She is in the kitchen Complete the sentences me I am cooking My brother is helping them The flowers are beautiful Amy bought Michael is speaking Listen to Subject Pronouns / Object Pronouns Singular I am a child We are children 2nd You are a student You are students He is a doctor She is an engineer It is a dog They are doctors They are engineers They are dogs rd A Grandma loves me Grandma loves us 2nd I like you I like you John calls him Mike knows her Jane eats it John calls them Mike knows them Jane eats them rd soon it us Demonstrative Pronouns The demonstrative pronouns, this, that, these, and those, point out which people or things we are talking about near the speaker Plural 1st her Mark and I played in the park Mom watched An object pronoun replaces an object noun Singular Jenny’s spaghetti is delicious We love Plural 1st him My aunt lives in Tokyo I’ll meet We can use a pronoun instead of a noun A subject pronoun replaces a subject noun Singular Plural far from the speaker This is my sister That is a police station These are Peter’s textbooks Those are beautiful butterflies Circle the correct subject pronouns This is an eraser These are pencils Do you know Lisa? ( She / He ) is in my art class That is a cat Those are flowers Sam and Mark are at the bus stop ( We / They ) are waiting for the bus Mandy and I are good friends ( You / We ) share everything I am reading a book ( It / She ) is about a pirate My brother is a healthy person ( I / He ) exercises every day B 14 A Look at the pictures and complete the sentences using demonstrative pronouns Write the object pronouns for the underlined words Where is the bag? it That is my classmate Judy Mom calls Peter and James for dinner them This is a new computer The man gave Julie and me some candies us These are my grandparents My mom talks to Ms Brown her Those are very tall buildings Unit • Pronouns 15 Practice A Complete the sentences using subject pronouns She Ms Miller is my teacher They He Jack goes swimming on weekends It There is an iguana on the rock We He The man is strong B are noisy is a fast swimmer has a long tail study together carries heavy boxes He him lives in Italy I visit it A My bag is not pretty I don’t like It B Why not? B I saw her She likes to read She has many books She reads them her My dad can fix anything One day, love my family very much And they love She a hug him I , too me fixed my he is beautiful on TV last night them B Yes, I know is a photo of my family My mom is pretty and tall radio He also fixed my bicycle I gave B A Do you know Stuart and Jenny? This to every summer is very pretty A Cathy Heart is my favorite actress in her free time My sister likes to read, too Sometimes, Mom reads children’s books A Where does your uncle live? B them she her he this I me him Complete the dialogues using subject and object pronouns Jackie writes about her family members Complete the sentences teaches science David and Daniel are my twin brothers Mia and I go to the library A They Find the five mistakes and correct them are in my book club This is my family We eat healthy food every day But we didn’t like healthy food before My sister and I liked to C Write the sentences Singular 16 Plural eat hamburgers and pizza We used to eat it in the school cafeteria Mom was worried about She doesn’t like junk food Now, him you take healthy lunches to school This is a big dish → These are big dishes Dad used to eat too much meat Now, This is my sister → These are my sisters vegetables He loves That is a new camera → Those are new cameras for us Eating healthy food makes Is this your bag? → Are these your bags? That is a spider → Those are spiders Is that your friend? → Are those your friends? ③ them ④ us ⑥ we them! ⑦ he she eats a lot of He often cooks healthy food 10 his feel great! ⑩ him Unit • Pronouns 17 Possessives Possessive Pronouns A: This is my room B: Your room is very neat Mine is messy A possessive pronoun shows possession It can replace a possessive adjective and its noun Singular Possessive Adjectives A possessive adjective tells who a person, animal, place, or thing belongs to It comes before a noun Singular 1st I my 2nd you he she it rd I love my sister we our Mr Evans is our teacher your Let’s play in your room you your Where is your school? his her its He lost his hat Jenny washed her blouse The cat cleans its fur they their The kids play with their friends mine = my book we ours = our watches you yours = your painting you yours = your phones he she it his = his wallet hers = her ring – they theirs = their backpacks 1st I 2nd 3rd Plural Plural This is my bicycle The bicycle is mine They hold their trophy The trophy is theirs That is her camera The camera is hers We use whose to ask about who something belongs to Question Answer Ms Emerson met my parents This is her laptop Their car is new A A Write the nouns with the possessive adjectives yours our flowers ours theirs my money mine his your desk yours her glasses hers he / a camera his camera their house they / umbrellas their umbrellas we / hands our hands his coat she / the piano her piano I / the watch my watch my gloves he / letters his letters its paw Complete the sentences using possessive adjectives Their Susan and Mary go to school my I have a dog I play with The rabbit is white Kate is a good student Its Her Sam works at a bank He loves 18 your bed your computer B B Write the correct possessive pronouns you / a computer it / a paw school is around the corner dog every day eyes are red parents are proud of her his Whose bag is this? It’s mine job mine Complete the dialogues A Whose dress is this? B It’s mine (I) A Whose ring is it? B It’s hers (she) A Whose hat is that? B It’s yours (you) A Whose robots are these? B They are ours (we) A Whose socks are those? B They are his (he) A Whose balls are these? B They are theirs (they) Unit • Possessives 19 Practice Complete the sentences in the past simple A we / sleepy We were sleepy last night she / a flight attendant She was a flight attendant two years ago the students / nervous The students were nervous an hour ago I / in the garden I was in the garden this morning the test / easy The test was easy last semester Ms Johnson / a teacher Ms Johnson was a teacher last year Look at the notes and complete the dialogues about the people Were A In 2010 A B No, I A You / Canada you a university student in 2010? B No, I wasn’t I Was A Complete the sentences It was They cloudy yesterday It were Becky / Spain wasn’t Becky a police officer in 2010? weren’t was wasn’t boring last year It The man was a baker two years ago He My sister was a lawyer before She Kate and I were wasn’t in the library two hours ago We Peter Amy Cathy cafeteria weren’t at the gym B Find the five mistakes and correct them Paul wasn’t Paul and Alex were in the cafeteria in the theater Paul was in the swimming pool Alex was in the library the beach with great force It was the Many tourists was in Indonesia Julie were there with her family were 12 years old in the cafeteria weren’t It was a fateful day in Indonesia on holiday ✔ Peter and Amy day after Christmas ✔ theater Cathy 2004 Alex ✔ ✔ were a doctor ✔ swimming pool they in Hong Kong? Were B Yes, 12 They were students weren’t Julie remembers what happened on December 26, library 72 Marie and Joe / Hong Kong a chef in Spain was Marie and Joe doctors in 2010? Were A 11 interesting Look at the table and complete the sentences Two Hours Ago she in Canada? B No, they 10 at the zoo wasn’t She was a doctor wasn’t Was A in Canada was B No, she wasn’t She rainy at the party yesterday They Science class C A Lisa was short last year She wasn’t tall you in Spain? Were B No, she B I was a police officer wasn’t She Julie’s family was very happy They was at the beach Suddenly, a huge wave hit It were a tsunami A tsunami is a natural disaster caused by an earthquake in the ocean Julie was shocked by what happened 10 It was a tragic event The tsunami killed over 250,000 people She lost her father that day ③ Many tourists were ④ Julie was ⑤ She was ⑦ They were ⑧ It was Unit 17 • Past Simple: The Verb Be 73 18 Past Simple B A: Hurray! I passed the exam B: You are lucky I didn’t pass it Complete the sentences mopped I mop the floor every Sunday I the floor last Sunday carried Adam carries a heavy bag every day He Verb I / You / We / They He / She walked Base Form Past Simple Rule most verbs open finish clean stay opened finished cleaned stayed + –ed verbs ending in –e like hope love close liked loved hoped closed + –d verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant drop hug dropped hugged double consonant + –ed verbs ending in a consonant + –y study try studied tried –y → –ied work They invite She open The department store 74 She dropped her wallet cry very late yesterday invited cried The baby dropped drop I enjoy Grandpa me to her birthday party last weekend opened a year ago for hours last night my cell phone in the sink last week enjoyed Disney cartoons when he was young Verb I / You / We / They He / She didn’t watch B TV last night Daniel didn’t talk to the girls Complete the negative sentences My father didn’t fix the chair last week  bake Mr Jones didn’t bake bread this morning miss Chloe didn’t miss  call Sarah didn’t call Complete the sentences Subject She didn’t wash her hands A worked Mark last month To make a negative sentence, place did not before the base form of the verb the dog yesterday Spelling rules for the past simple A at the beach last weekend Negative Subject We traveled to Paris last month visited She visits Mark once a year She The past simple tells about what happened in the past In most cases, –ed is added to the verb Verb Type played We play at the beach in summer We Positive a heavy bag yesterday fix the bus yesterday me last night Complete the negative sentences We painted the house We didn’t paint the house Karen and I talked a lot Karen and I didn’t talk a lot They studied math They didn’t study math yesterday I canceled my trip to Italy I didn’t cancel my trip to Italy We washed the dishes We didn’t wash the dishes My brother wanted a robot My brother didn’t want a robot Unit 18 • Past Simple 75 Practice A Choose and complete the sentences share chat A study stay stayed I was sick last week So I dance To–Do List at home They were in a dancing competition before They danced the tango Mr Morgan was a good student 15 years ago He studied very hard Jake and I were close friends in high school We shared everything Kate was in her room last night She Mike checked what he did on his to-do list Look at the list and complete the sentences chatted In the morning clean my room prepare breakfast with Mom After school study English and math finish the science project with Lisa In the evening call Grandma learn Spanish online online with Joan In the morning, Mike his room He cleaned breakfast with his mother After school, he B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences drop Mr Dickens 76 visited carry visit didn’t visit Rachel yesterday He didn’t carry carried the books this morning He Julie dropped her fork at the restaurant She used Spanish online He learned didn’t study English and math the science project with Lisa In the evening, he finished didn’t prepare his grandmother didn’t call use Dad I C Instead, he Tony Find the five mistakes and correct them the computer didn’t drop my crayons in art class yesterday I B didn’t use Liquid Paper is like white paint It easily covers up typing and writing mistakes It has changed the lives her spoon of many office workers and secretaries But who paint make it? It was Bette Nesmith Graham She inventted liquid paper in 1956 She a secretary in Texas She Complete the sentences in the past simple I / stop watching TV I stopped watching TV last month we / help Mom and Dad We helped Mom and Dad yesterday they / not / enjoy the party They didn’t enjoy the party last night Amy / borrow the book Amy borrowed the book two weeks ago Tony / not / pass the exam Tony didn’t pass the exam last semester the train / not / arrive The train didn’t arrive on time day long When she made a mistake on a document, she correct it So she typed the whole thing again She mistakes One day, she mistake! She ① made 10 worked as useed a typewriter all doesn’t know how to wanted an easier way to correct painted over a mistake with some paint It covers the poured white paint in little bottles and started selling them ② invented ④ used ⑤ didn’t know ⑨ covered Unit 18 • Past Simple 77 19 Past Simple Yes/No Questions A: Did you eat breakfast? B: No, I didn’t I got up late this morning To make a yes/no question, place did before the subject The base form of the verb is used with did Question Irregular Verbs Answer you Some verbs change their forms irregularly in the past simple Did he/she/it Jenny sleep well last night? you/they Jack and Paul Answer She teaches math this year She taught math last year A Common irregular verbs go – went see – saw know – knew – did have – had make – made eat – ate come – came become – became give – gave say – said pay – paid drink – drank swim – swam run – ran begin – began find – found tell – told sleep – slept keep – kept leave – left meet – met sit – sat get – got A B 78 cut – cut put – put read – read cost – cost B say • • ate think • • swam eat • • wrote sleep • • came write • • said swim • • slept see • • saw come • • thought buy make go meet I new shoes yesterday made Dad and I We Jeremy went met a bookshelf last weekend Did they have breakfast at home? No, they didn’t Did Alex come home early yesterday? the novel 11 years ago? Did Brian tell you the story? They saw the dog at the park Did they see the dog at the park? Kate read the book twice Did Kate read the book twice? Spanish last year? Look at the pictures and complete the questions Then check(✔) the answers win bought No, we/they didn’t No, they didn’t Brian told you the story Complete the sentences Yes, we/they did Yes, they did He taught Spanish last year  Did he teach let – let Match the verbs with their past forms No, he/she/it didn’t No, she didn’t She wrote the novel 11 years ago  Did she write Some verbs don’t change their forms in the past tense hit – hit Yes, he/she/it did Yes, she did Complete the questions Alex came home early yesterday buy – bought teach – taught think – thought write – wrote speak – spoke drive – drove No, I didn’t Did she wash the dishes? Yes, she did Question I go shopping on Fridays I went shopping last Friday Yes, I did Did they win Did your father wear take the game last year? take the pictures? receive Yes, they did No, they didn’t Yes, he did No, he didn’t on a picnic last Wednesday Did you receive the letter last week? Yes, I did No, I didn’t Jessica two days ago Did she wear sunglasses yesterday? Yes, she did No, she didn’t Unit 19 • Past Simple 79 Practice A Complete the sentences go A Look at Tanya and Billy’s checklist and complete the dialogue Checklist I went to the park I didn’t go home caught catch I a butterfly I speak Dave spoke cut Sue cut see Emily a grasshopper didn’t speak the celery She saw buy a plane ticket didn’t catch Greek He tigers at the zoo She Tanya: bears B Yes, I ran to school this morning ? didn’t Did you exchange Okay By the way, money? money, either Let’s go to the bank together didn’t exchange Tanya: Yes, I B Yes, Amy sat next to Becky in the theater A Did they see a shooting star Billy: No, I a hotel a good hotel Do you want information about the hotel? Billy: ? didn’t find found it last weekend bought Tanya: That would be great Tanya: I B No, the president didn’t make a speech yesterday A Did Amy sit next to Becky in the theater Billy: I ? A Did the president make a speech yesterday Yes, I did I ✔ a plane ticket, Billy? Did you buy Tanya: Me, too But I Complete the dialogues A Did you run to school this morning ✔ read a guidebook about Mexico the carrots didn’t see ✔ ✔ exchange money Spanish didn’t cut Billy find a hotel Billy: B Tanya did you read a guidebook about Mexico? I’m very excited for the trip! did ? B No, they didn’t see a shooting star B Find the five mistakes and correct them A dog called Hachi and his owner, Ueno, C Complete the dialogues in the past simple A B No, A B No, A B No, A 80 B No, Did Dad fix he didn’t the chair in the garage? (Dad / fix) He Did Lucy send she didn’t She the table sent a card firefighters? (they / become) They Did Mr Bell drive he didn’t fixed became bankers a taxi five years ago? (Mr Bell / drive) He drove meet in 1924 went to work Every day, Hachi went to the train station at p.m Hachi was always at the same spot waiting for his owner One day, Ueno a letter to her uncle? (Lucy / send) Did they become they didn’t They loved each other Every day, Ueno that day Hachi day, he didn’t came back from work because he didn’t know that People went to the station He ③ didn’t come 10 died sended Hachi to a new owner But every think of Ueno all the time He station for over 10 years Hachi’s story ① met kept going to the maked him a symbol of loyalty in Japan ⑥ sent ⑧ thought ⑩ made a bus five years ago Unit 19 • Past Simple 81 20 Future B A: Will you watch a movie tonight? B: No, I won’t I will go to Bill’s birthday party Complete the negative sentences Celia will play the flute tomorrow She won’t play We will go camping this weekend We won’t go It will be sunny tomorrow It Positive & Negative won’t be bowling this weekend rainy tomorrow My friends and I will donate some books We The future tense tells about events in the future Will or will not comes before the base form of the verb in the future tense the violin tomorrow won’t donate old clothes Yes/No Questions Past Present Tom cooks dinner today Future I will cook dinner tomorrow To make a yes/no question, place will before the subject Question Positive I / You /He /They Will Negative will cook dinner you /he /they Answer pass the exam? Yes, I /he /they will No, I / he / they won’t won’t cook dinner I / You /He /They * I’ll / You’ll / He’ll / She’ll / It’ll / We’ll / They’ll = pronoun + will * won’t = will not A: Will Santa bring me a present? B: Yes, he will They will travel to Canada next month She won’t buy the dress A A become a lawyer She go abroad They will go abroad this summer Susie will buy a new computer next month leave for London be an actress win a gold medal 82 the laundry visit me Paul and I I He will win a gold medal We will the laundry My cousins next year will leave for London will be an actress Will Tara finish her work soon? Mr Smith will come to the party Will Mr Smith come will become a lawyer buy a new computer Complete the questions Tara will finish her work soon Complete the sentences using will A: Will she eat the broccoli? B: No, she won’t to the party? They will join the football team Will they join the football team? Our team will be the winner Will our team be the winner? The plane will arrive on time Will the plane arrive on time? next week in the future will visit me in the Olympics this Saturday during the holiday B Complete the dialogues in the future tense A Will she clean her room? B Yes, she will A Will Dad drive me to school today? B No, he won’t A Will Jamie cook for us tomorrow? B Yes, he will A Will they stay at your house? B No, they won’t Unit 20 • Future 83 Practice A Choose and complete the dialogues in the future tense help meet talk A These are Jim and Henry’s habits Complete the sentences about Henry’s decisions buy Jim’s healthy habits • wake up early every day • take the stairs • eat three meals a day • drink fresh fruit juice A I’ll make spaghetti for dinner tonight will help B That sounds good! I Henry’s bad habits you • stay in bed till late • use the elevator • skip meals • drink soft drinks A I bought a storybook for Kate’s birthday What about you? will buy B I colored pencils for her tomorrow Henry will become healthy like Jim From today, he A Can I talk to you now, Jack? B Sorry, I’m busy I will talk to you later A Grandpa, we’ll arrive in Vancouver next Tuesday will meet B Okay, I you at the airport every day He won’t stay in bed till late He the stairs He won’t use the elevator He He soft drinks any more won’t drink Instead, he B won’t skip three meals a day, too He become a singer throw a surprise party will eat meals fresh fruit juice! will drink watch TV will see a dentist Tasha has a toothache So, she Sunday is Amy’s birthday So, we Paul isn’t good at singing So, he will throw a surprise party B for her won’t watch TV My sisters have an exam So, they Find the five mistakes and correct them Technology is developing fast How will our lives change in tonight won’t become a singer the future? We willn’t drive cars, because cars automatically They We Look at Daniel and Rosa’s plans for summer vacation and complete the dialogues join an English camp take an art class Rosa ✔ will move will take us anywhere we want to go will travels around the world in airplanes, but it will take not as long as it takes now And there go to the beach ✔ ✔ be spaceships, so we can travel to outer space! We ✔ take vacations to the moon! We ✔ he won’t because we Yes , she will exciting and much easier No she won’t they will A Will Daniel join an English camp? B No A Will Rosa take an art class? B A Will Rosa read fifty books? B A Will Daniel and Rosa go to the beach? B , , Yes , ④ will travel ⑤ will not take won’t won’t any housework will have robots that will all our work Life in the future ① won’t drive will read fifty books Daniel 84 will take Choose and complete the sentences using will or won’t see a dentist C up early will wake ⑦ will take 10 will is very ⑩ will be Unit 20 • Future 85 Supplementary Material Review Test Units 1–4 A Circle the correct words D Choose and complete the sentences I meet ( him / he ) on Saturdays elevator Jake and I are ( go / friends ) These ( A / The ) sky is dark now There is a(n) I found an eraser under ( my / me ) desk They read My sister and I are in the pool ( We / She ) are swimming That novels teacher that these turn yellow in fall are baseball cards elevator novels The woman is a(n) B leaves The The chef needs ( a / an ) assistant leaves next to the stairs after dinner teacher at my school is my younger sister Choose the correct answers The door opened My mom is E works hard the house slowly a big company a businesswoman I have a big umbrella You can share me my mine We Our hers their This Yours glasses are on the table Your The two mouse are in the box mice They spend them time together their There are three deers on the farm Ours Jane and Amy have yellow jackets These are These is my best friend, Greg Those are my teacher teachers is on 7th Street Their house is on 6th Street Correct the underlined words F theirs deer Change the underlined words and rewrite the sentences He has a battery for his clock C Complete the sentences with pronouns or possessive adjectives Ms Jackson has a dog She I eat caramel candies every day I like My grandpa is sick I visit him them Nick and Laura go to school together They He has batteries for his clock Plural We need tomatoes for the sandwiches I see a person in the swimming pool in the hospital My sister and I go to the same school My mother takes Plural We need a tomato for the sandwiches loves it Excuse me, I think you dropped something Is this 88 your wallet? us are good friends to school Plural I see people in the swimming pool Tom sits next to me in the classroom He sits next to me in the classroom Pronoun I love my cats very much Pronoun I love them very much Review Test 89 Review Test Units 5–8 A Circle the correct words D Choose and complete the dialogues Olivia ( am / is / are ) a veterinarian backpack The tourists ( am not / isn’t / aren’t ) from Japan ( Am / Is / Are ) Toby thirteen years old? My sisters ( don’t / doesn’t ) study on weekends It ( snow / snows ) a lot in Norway a violinist science jeans wash a violinist A What is her job? B She is A What are you good at? B I’m good at A What does she on Sundays? B She science washes her dogs backpack A What you want for Christmas? B I want a ( Do / Does ) Aiden and Ella their homework together? B school school A Where are your brothers? B They’re at A What does he usually wear? B He usually wears jeans Choose the correct answers The sun rise rises The big birds fast fly My uncle flies goes too much soda drinks always plays doesn’t It usually is foggy in our town is usually They go never shopping at night never go The bakery are usually busy in the morning is usually Emily sometimes exercise after dinner drinkes travel abroad much isn’t am often Jack always playes chess with his brother gos drink Correct the underlined words I often am late for my piano lesson snowboarding in winter go Mr Smith risis flys Nicole and her brother E early these days F don’t sometimes exercises Write the sentences Mike is excited about the school festival C 90 Complete the answers Negative Mike isn’t excited about the school festival A Is your sister a student? B Yes, she is Jason has an electronic dictionary in his bag Jason doesn’t have an electronic dictionary in his bag Negative A Are his stories interesting? B No, they aren’t Sarah is Matt’s best friend A Does the bus come on time? B Yes, it does A Do they know his address? B No, they don’t A Are they ready for camping? B Yes, they are A Does Bill often eat out? B No, he doesn’t Question Is Sarah Matt’s best friend? Her daughter likes bread Does her daughter like bread? Question They wear school uniforms Question Do they wear school uniforms? Review Test 91 Review Test Units 9–12 A B Circle the correct words D Complete the sentences in the present continuous run There ( is / are ) some notebooks on the table water There ( is / are ) an old photo between the book and the dictionary not / write Anthony The children ( am / are / is ) catching butterflies not / stay They My brother ( am / are / is ) listening to music swim Is Lily swimming Ann and I ( am / are / is ) walking to the store bake Are you baking Choose the correct answers A What What What What Where B It opens at 10 a.m What time B It’s under your coat When F Where The fall semester begins The members get together on The squirrel is on the rock The rock is in the pool now? muffins? coming Emma surfs the Internet in night at night in summer There is pillows on the bed There are There aren’t a trash can under the desk There isn’t Write the sentences Negative I am not wearing a black cap today Wednesday under There isn’t a baseball bat in the box next to the swing behind Question Are the ants carrying a piece of cracker? Ben’s grandmother is cutting his hair the squirrel The chair is in front of the bookcase The bookcase is Negative The ants are carrying a piece of cracker September The swing is next to the seesaw The seesaw is 92 in London these days There is a baseball bat in the box noon in aren’t staying I am wearing a black cap today Complete the sentences with prepositions at a letter now Correct the underlined words I take my lunch break isn’t writing the plants Where is my scarf? What are watering Mr and Mrs Norton He studies English at the morning in the morning B They’re going to the zoo What time around the track The students go camping on summer Where does the museum open? A B He’s reading the newspaper When I Jane is comming to my house What time are they going now? A B It starts on May 20 When is your uncle doing? A E does the sale start? A C am running There ( is / are ) a lot of books on the shelf the chair Question Is Ben’s grandmother cutting his hair? There are six bedrooms in the house Question Are there six bedrooms in the house? Review Test 93 Review Test Units 13–16 A Circle the correct words D ( This / These ) shoes are too big for me Choose and complete the sentences boring I don’t know ( that / those ) people difficult expensive light His suitcase isn’t heavy It’s The T-shirt looks ( colorful / colorfully ) salty The jacket isn’t I ( can / can’t ) eat chocolate I have a toothache I’m taking a You ( may / may not ) sit here No one is using this chair expensive difficult soft She puts a lot of salt in the pizza sauce The pizza is The fried chicken smells ( delicious / deliciously ) salty It’s cheap quiz It’s not easy soft The woman brushes the cat’s fur every day The cat’s fur is The musical isn’t interesting It’s B light boring Choose the correct answers Can your brother drive a car? Yes, they can E No, he can’t He can buy a car Can I borrow your phone for a minute? Yes, you No, I can’t Sorry, I don’t have one Can you make a paper airplane? Yes, I may Yes, I can Sorry, I’m using it May I use the bathroom? Yes, you are No, we may not Of course Correct the underlined words David can’t goes hiking today can’t go May I plays outside? May I play Anne cans climb a tree can climb She is a talented really girl really talented This student are noisy These students Look at these balloons in the sky those May I have your phone number? C 94 Certainly No, you aren’t I know her number Eric is sitting sorry I feel very sorry good He usually does easy The tall boy can touch the ceiling loud Mark plays the trumpet hard My sister practices comfortable I’m holding a book in my hand (heavy) I’m holding a heavy book in my hand on the sofa about the accident well on his English tests loudly hard Rewrite the sentences using the words The information is useful to me (quite) The information is quite useful to me Complete the sentences using the adjectives or adverbs comfortably F easily for the contest His answer was wrong (completely) His answer was completely wrong She is looking at her son (lovely) She is looking at her lovely son My sisters are watching the show (exciting) My sisters are watching the exciting show Review Test 95 Review Test Units 17–20 A Circle the correct words D Choose and complete the sentences in the past simple We ( will / won’t ) cook dinner tonight We’ll eat out buy ( Was / Were ) you at the museum an hour ago? Max I ( will / won’t ) buy expensive things I need to save money Gavin My grandpa a bus driver thirty years ago did was wasn’t We were attend her driving lesson last Tuesday didn’t won’t a party for Crystal next Saturday had will have finish her work soon didn’t wasn’t wasn’t E will be The woman Lucy study the dirty floor two hours ago me flowers for my birthday studied started for the math exam yesterday a postcard to my aunt last week university last year won’t visit her grandparents last month didn’t F won’t Correct the underlined words He waitted in front of the gate yesterday waited Amy reads a funny book last weekend read I don’t met Susan last Sunday didn’t meet My dad drived me to school yesterday drove Did Sam take a violin lesson next week? Will Sam take She won’t came home early tonight come Write the sentences My friends are happy about the news 96 send Choose the correct answers She C bought sent I mop the pie in the oven five minutes ago The students They ( were / weren’t ) fishermen last year They lived in the mountains put mopped The cleaner My brother ( will / won’t ) see a doctor He hurt his leg B put She My English test ( was / wasn’t ) difficult I got a perfect score start Complete the answers A Was David at the theater last night? B Yes, he was A Did she wear a coat yesterday? B Yes, she did A Will you clean your room tomorrow? B Yes, I will A Were Lily and Luke friends last year? B No, they weren’t A Did he draw many pictures last month? B No, he didn’t A Will Ms Craig visit us this Sunday? B No, she won’t Past simple My friends were happy about the news Brian helps me with my homework Past simple Brian helped me with my homework Eva was a reporter 10 years ago Negative Eva wasn’t a reporter 10 years ago We went to the movies last night We didn’t go to the movies last night Negative She wrote an email after dinner She didn’t write an email after dinner Negative Review Test 97 Appendix Present Simple: Spelling Rules Past Simple: Spelling Rules Verb Type Base Form Third-person Singular Rule most verbs eat like eats likes + –s verbs ending in –ch , –sh , –s , –x watch teach wash finish pass miss fix mix watches teaches washes finishes passes misses fixes mixes + –es verbs ending in a consonant + –y study cry fly try studies cries flies tries –y → –ies verbs ending in a vowel + –y play stay buy say plays stays buys says + –s exceptions have go has goes does – Verb Type Base Form Past Simple Rule most verbs open finish clean stay opened finished cleaned stayed + –ed verbs ending in –e like love hope close live use arrive change liked loved hoped closed lived used arrived changed + –d verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant drop hug stop mop dropped hugged stopped mopped double consonant + –ed verbs ending in a consonant + –y study cry try worry studied cried tried worried –y → –ied Adjectives and Adverbs Present Continuous: Spelling Rules Verb Type 98 Base Form Verb Type Present Continuous Adverb Rule most adjectives quiet sad slow quick sudden serious beautiful loud careful safe perfect complete extreme international quietly sadly slowly quickly suddenly seriously beautifully loudly carefully safely perfectly completely extremely internationally + –ly adjectives ending in –y easy lucky angry happy heavy noisy easily luckily angrily happily heavily noisily –y → –ily adjectives ending in –le simple gentle possible terrible comfortable simply gently possibly terribly comfortably –le → –ly some adjectives early late fast high hard much early late fast high hard much irregular adjective good well Rule most verbs go walk study say play eat going walking studying saying playing eating + –ing verbs ending in –e come take make live use hope coming taking making living using hoping –e → –ing verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant sit cut run swim sitting cutting running swimming double consonant + –ing Base Form adjective = adverb – Appendix 99 Appendix List of Irregular Verbs 100 Base form Present continuous Past simple Base form Present continuous Past simple be being was/were lose losing lost become becoming became make making made begin beginning began meet meeting met break breaking broke pay paying paid build building built put putting put buy buying bought read reading read catch catching caught ride riding rode come coming came rise rising rose cut cutting cut run running ran doing did say saying said draw drawing drew see seeing saw drink drinking drank sell selling sold drive driving drove send sending sent eat eating ate sing singing sang feel feeling felt sit sitting sat find finding found sleep sleeping slept fly flying flew speak speaking spoke forget forgetting forgot spend spending spent get getting got stand standing stood give giving gave swim swimming swam go going went take taking took have having had teach teaching taught hear hearing heard tell telling told hide hiding hid think thinking thought hit hitting hit wake waking woke keep keeping kept wear wearing wore know knowing knew win winning won leave leaving left write writing wrote