CÂU HỎI TRẮC NGHIỆM KĨ NĂNG ĐỌC HIỂU TIẾNG ANH

V Ĩ N H B ÁGiáo viên Chuyến A n h - Trường Quốc học Huế CÂU HỎI TRẮC NGHIỆM Chuyên ñ KĨ NĂNG ðỌC HIỂU ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI ðẠI HỌC Tái bản lần thứ nhất N

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VĨNH BÁ (6V chyêa Anh, ĨPIÍ0B8 Quốc học Huế)

ứ á u h ả i \ \ 0 0 l i C ' d C I ' h

/

ðỌC HIEU

(ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS)

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www.facebook.com/groups/TaiLieuOnThiDaiHoc01/

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V Ĩ N H B Á

(Giáo viên Chuyến A n h - Trường Quốc học Huế)

CÂU HỎI TRẮC NGHIỆM

Chuyên ñ

KĨ NĂNG ðỌC HIỂU

(ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS)

TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI ðẠI HỌC

(Tái bản lần thứ nhất)

NHÀ XUẤT BẢN ðẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI

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SACBTHAM KHẢO ' ^ \

- ~ Coạiiêctìonis ihileadm g, nxb Oxford University Press, 1-98T

Mosaic - A Reading Skills Book, Brenda WegmanandMDaPnj-ik

Kbezevic, nxb Randon House, Nev/York, 1985

- Read All About It 1&2, Lori Howard, nxb Oxford University Press, 2000;

- The Guardian Weekly, onestopenglish.com

- Reading Comprehension Skills & Strategies Level 7&8, nxb Saddleback

Educational Publishing, 2002

- Reading Comprehension Success, nxb Learning Express, New York, 2009

- Reading Extra, Liz Driscoll, nxb Cambridge University Press

- Advanced Reading Power, Beatrice s Milulecky and Linda Jeffries, nxb

Pearson Longman, 2007

- Reading Skills for First Certificate, Malcolm Mann and Taylore-Knowles,

nxb MacMillan

- W hat A W orld 1&2, Milada Broukal, nxb Longman, 2007

- Comprehension 1&2, D’Arcy Adrian and Lewis Lansford, nxb Longman

- Reading Advanced, Rod Ellis & Brian Tomlinson, nxb Oxford University

Press, 1997

- The Glencoe Reader, nxb McGrawHill, 2004

- Longman Preparation Series for the TOEĨC Test, Lin Louheed

- The Heinỉe&Heinỉe TOEFL Test Assistant - Reading, Milada Broukal,

nxb Glendale Community College

- TOEFL Practice Tests 1999-2000, Educational Testing Service,

http://\vww.toef].org

- Building Reading Skills for the TOEFL iBT, 2007

- Advanced E xpert CAE, của Jane Bell vả Roger Gower, nxb Pearson

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L Ờ I N Ó I ð Ằ U

Phẩn “ðọc và Hiểu Văn” là phần không thể thiếu trong mọi ñề thi Tiếng Anh các cấp

Dù chì chiếm một tỉ iặ ñiểm không lớn, nhưng phần này khiến cho thí sinh mất nhiều thời gian suy nghĩ và dề làm cho thí sinh e sợ nếu gặp phải một bãi vãn khó hiểu Mức

ñộ khó cùa 'bài văn thể hiện ờ các chỗ: ñề tài bàn ñến có thể không nằm trong kinh nghiệm sống cùa lứa tuổi học sinh, từ vựng và cấu trúc nàm ngoài vốn hiểu biết, và cách thức ñặt câu hỏi !ắt léo, ñánh bẫy

Tập sách này là tập hợp những bài văn thuộc các ñề tài nằm trong phạm vi kiến thức phổ thông Cách hành vãn của từng bài có thể ñơn giàn mà-cũng có thế phức tạp, nhưng không ñến ñộ quá rối rắm

: Câu hò ì trắc nghiệm dưới mỗi bài ñọc thường gồm các loại sau:

li Câu hòi về ý chính: yêu cầu người ñọc phải tóm tắt ñược chủ ñề cơ bản hoặc mục

ñích cùa tác giã, với các dạng mờ ñẩu như sau:

+ What is the main topic of this passage?

+ The best title for the passage is

+ The main topic for this passage is

+ What does the author mainly discuss?

+ The main idea of this passage is

ðể chọn ñược câu trả lời ñúng, học sinh nên:

(1) Lưu ý ñến câu chù ñiểm (thiròng nằm ờ ñẩu mỗi ñoạn văn)

(2) Lưu ý giọng vãn cùa tác già

(3) ðọc !ưởt qua toàn bài, ñặc biệt là câu chù ñiểm, ñể tim những từ ngữ mấu chốt (key vocabulary) có thể biểu thị thái ñộ cùa tác giả ñối với ñề tài

(4) ðọc kỹ bài ñể chọn câu trả !ời Lưu ý rằng chỉ câu chủ ñiểm không thôi chưa ñủthông tin ñể xác ñịnh ý chính của bài Ý chính chĩ cỏ thể ñược khái quát hóa saukhi ñọc kỹ toàn bài và theo dõi thái ñộ cùa tác già

2 Câu hỏi về sự kiện Loại câu hỏi này yêu cầu học sinh phải trà lời bằng các thôngtin cụ thể về bài văn

Câu hòi về sự kiện có dạng là một câu bỏ lừng và bên dưới là 4 chọn lựa, trong ñó chỉ

có một chọn lựa hoàn thành câu bò lừng ñúng ý bài vãn

Phần mở ñầu của loại câu hòi này thường có dạng sau:

+ According to the article,

+ The passage states that

+ The author indicates that

ðe chọn ñúng câu trả lời cho loại câu hòi này, học sinh cần:

(1) Xác ñịnh từ/cụm từ mấu chốt trong câu hòi

(2) Lướt qua bài văn ñể tìm từ/cụm từ mấu chổt này, hoặc các từ liên quan ñên từ mâuchốt này

(3) Sau khi xác ñịnh ñược vị tri của từ/cụm từ mâu chôt trong bài văn,.ñọc kĩ phân bàivăn có chứa cụm từ này ñề chọn câu trà lời

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Câu hỏi về sự kiện hầu như luôn ỉuôn ựược hòi theo thứ tự xuất hiện của các sự kiện

trong bài văn Do ựó, cẵu hỏi sự kiện ựẩu tiên sẽ nằm gần ựầu bài vãn hơn là câu hòi sự

kiện cuối cùng Hiểu ựược ựiêu này sẽ giúp học sinh làm bài nhanh han vì nêu ựang

tìm câu trả lời cho câu hòi số 1, học sinh chỉ cần tìm thông tin ở ựàu bài văn Trái lại,

nếu ựang trả lời câu 5 chẳng hạn, học sinh sẽ nhìn vào phần cuối bài ựọc

3 Các câu hỏi sự kiện phù ựịnh: ựưa ra 3 phát biều ựúng và một phát biểu sai Học

sinh phải loại trừ ựược 3 phát biểu ựúng, phát biểu sai còn lại chắnh là câu phải

chọn ựể trả lời

Các câu hòi sự kiện phù ựịnh thường có dạng như sau:

+ According to the passage, ali of the following are true EXCEPT

+ The author mentions aii of the following EXCEPT

đê trà !ời các câu hỏi sự kiện phủ ựịnh, học sinh phải:

(1) đọc kĩ các chọn lựa ựể xác ựịnh vị trắ của thông tin trong bài văn

(2) đọc lướt qua bài văn ựể loại trừ 3 chọn lựa có thông tin khớp với thông tin trong

bài văn

(3) Chọn lựa còn sót lại chắnh [à câu trã lòi ựúng

4 Câu hỏi suy luận: Thông tin ựể trả lòi loại câu hòi này ựôi khi không ựược phát

biểu rõ ràng trong bài văn Học sinh phải suy luận cãn cứ trên nhừng thông tin

khác, hoặc phải Ộựọc giừa hai hàng chữỢ (read between the lines) mới thấy ý ẩn

tàng của tác giả

Những câu hòi loại này thường ựược iập văn như sau:

+ While not directly stated, we can infer from the passage that

+ According to the passage, the author implies th at

+ It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that

+ Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

5 Câu hỏi về ngữ nghĩa: Loại câu hòi nảy trác nghiệm vốn từ vựng của học sinh '

Học sinh phải chọn trong 4 từ cho sẵn một từ ựồng nghĩa với từ dùng trong bài văn

Các câu hòi ngừ nghĩa thường có dạng như sau;

+ The word ỘsubsequentỢ in line 19 is closest in meaning to

+ The word ỘvariedỢ in line 2 couid best be replaced'by

+ The word ỘtheirỢ in line 20 refers to

+ In line 5, the phrase Ộgiant patriarchsỢ could best be replaced by which of the

fol-lowing?

Hy vọng sau khi kiên trì rèn luyện với các bài tập trong sách này, học sinh sẽ nắm ựược

kĩ năng làm bài và ựạt ựược ựiểm tối ựa cho phẩn câu hòi ựọc hiểu văn

Tập sách này cũng cỏ thể là nguồn tư liệu có ắch cho các ựồng nghiệp trong việc soạn

bài kiểm tra

Ngưòi sưu tập và tuyển chọn

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1 THE FAMOUS CUP

It’s only 36 centim eters tall, b u t to fans th ro ugho ut th e world, it represen ts th e highest achievem ent in football Every four years, team s from all over the globe compete to take hom e the FIFA World Cup Tro-

- phy, yet nobody ever does

Do you know why? Nobody ever tak es it hom e because the 18-carat gold trophy is • kept, u n d e r ĩố c k ' an<r:fcev by FIFA (Federation In tern a-tionale de Football Association) The cham pions of each World Cup

to u rn am e n t receive only a replica This is to protect the valuable prize from thieves, who have stolen the World Cup trophy twice in its 75-year history

The little trophy h a s certainly had a troubled existence The original trophy w as m ade by a French sculptor, Abel LaFleur, and w as called the “Ju le s Rjmet Clip.” in honor of th e founder of the World C up tou r-^

n a m e n t Som etim e durin g the first three World Cup events (1930, ’34 and ’38), the nam e changed to simply the ‘W orld C up.” Then during World W ar II, not m uch w as seen or heard of the trophy It w as being kept hidden in a shoe box u n d er the bed of Dr Ottorino B arassi, the Italian vice-president o f‘FIFA, to prevent it from falling into the h an d s

of the Nazi army

A lthough th e trophy m ade :it -safely through the w ar, it d id n’t fare so well du ring the tu rb u le n t 1960s In 1966, the Cup w as stolen during a public show ing of th e trophy prior to the World Cup tou rn am ent in England Luckily, it w as found a sh ort time later none the worse for

w ear in a tra s h container, by a little dog nam ed Pickles

fe^F our years later, Brazil earned perm an ent possession of the original trophy by w inning its third World C up title U nfortunately, the trophy

w as stolen a second tim e, in 19837 and w as never recovered The B zilian Football A ssociation had to have a duplicate trophy m ade

raAfter the first trophy becam e th e possession of Brazil’s football asso ciation, a new World C up Trophy for FIFA w as designed by a n Italian artist, Silvio Gaz&zniga, in 1974 This trophy ca n n o t be won outright,

-b u t rem ain s in the possession of FIFA, an d rest assu red they are ing a close eye on it Today, World Cup w inners are aw arded a replica

keep-of the trophy th a t is gold-plated, rath er th a n solid gold like the real one

G azazniga’s World C up trophy weighs alm ost five kilogram s Its base contain s two layers olTa’sem i-precious stone called m alachite, and h a s room for 17 sm all plaques bearing the n am es of the w inning team s - enough space to h onor all the World Cup cham pions u p to the year ] 2038 After th at, a new trophy will have to be m ade x”BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

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(^d )ịHo w m uch m oney is the trophy w orth?

3 The first trophy w as nam ed th e “J u le s Rimet C up” b ecause Rimet

5

A m ade the trophy

B w as a fam ous player

c scored the final goal in 1930 (^rx)came up w ith the idea of the World Cup

W hich is tru e abo ut G azazniga’s World Cup trophy?

A It is m ade of gold a n d silver

B It is a replica of the first trophy,

c It is in a m useum in Brazil

^Dylt will only be used u n til 2038

In w hich year did Brazil win the World Cup cham pionship for the

th ird tim e?

1970 B 1974

GLOSSARY

- trophy chiểc cúp (làm giải thưởng)

- 18-carat gold vàng 18 ca-ra

- to be kept under l.ock and key được

cất giữ cẩn thận

- FIFA [Federation Internationale de

Football Association] Liên đồn

Quốc tế Các Hiệp hội Bĩng đá

- to make it safely through the war

an tồn qua đửợc cuộc chiến tranh

- to fare well tiến triển tot đẹp, ăn nên

làm ra

- turbulent (adj) nhiều biến động

- prior to (prep) (xảy ra) trước

- none the worse for wear/CỊn nguyên

vẹn, ch Ưa suy suyển gì

- trash container thùng rác

- to earn permanent possession ọ f,

;’sth được quyền sở hữu cái gì trọn đời

- title đanh hiệu

- to recover thu hồi, lấy iại

- duplicate bản sao

- outright (adv) ngay tức thỉ

- rest assured xin hãy yên tâm rằng

- to keep a dose eye on sth canh giữ

cẩn thận

- solid gold vàng rịng, vàng khơi

- base cái đế

- layer lớp mịng

- semi-precious stone đá bán quí

- malachite [tên một loại đá]

- plaque tấm tĩm loại

- to honor vinh danh, tơn vinh

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2 GOAL: ENDING CHILD LABOR , r

Carefully guiding a needle th a t’s longer th a n h is tiny fingers, a young boy in P ak istan stitches together the leather pieces of a soccer ball He sits crouched in the corner of a hot, airless shed for 12 h ours

For h is long day's work, he will eajTi 60 cents \

The boy is one of m ore th a n 200 million children/w ho work a t hard, som etim es dan gerous jobs all over the world Child labor exists in two-

th ird s of the w orld’s nations From Indonesia to G uatem ala, poor

chil-(6\

a

for firecrackers in C hina and knot the th re ad s'fo r carp ets in India, all for pennies a ñay Som etim es they are sold a s slave s

In a speech to the Child Labor Coalition w hen he w as U.S Secretary

of Labor, Robert Reich expressed gratitude for the organization’s work

to end a b n sp- nfLnhi 1H labor “Yon tu rned u p th e h eat, an d you got sults He also congratulated Craig Kielburger, th en 13, of C anada, who traveled the world for a year fighting for k id s’ rights Craig believes kids can m ake a difference He offers this advice, “Write letters to com panies and governm ent officials P ut pressure on leaders to m ake ch anges and

re-to sre-top th e m isu se of children ” £ -N

One solution to the child-lab.or jp r oblem in -poor qm intrips is edu tion “The futu re of these countries,” Secretary Reich declared, “de-pend s on a work force th a t is educated We are prepared to help build schools.”

ca-E ducation h a s helped to m ake the world a brighter place for one youth, Aghan of India W hen he w as nine, Aghan w as kidnapped from his hom e an d sold to a carpet m aker A ghan’s boss w as very cruel “I

wa s alw ays crying for my m other,” he recalls Aghan’s dream w as to leam to w rite so th a t he could send letters to His parents Fortunately,

a group th a t opposes child labor rescued Aghan from the factory He

w as se n t tQ_gjs h e lte r in New Delhi w here he w orked h ard to learn to write

1 W hat is a n example of dangerous work done by a child?

A stitching a soccer ball B knotting carpet th rea d s

0 mixing gunpow der ( ĩ ^ n o n e o f the above

2 W hen voung children are forced to w o rk , _

A they never see their families

B they work b u t never 'get paid

(c ^ th ey are pu nish ed if they do not work hard

D they are always sold as slaves

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' CHiM'labor is m o'st'cam m on m \

A>jcòủỉầtrtès tiaat’makef firecrackers

' ^ _ „ ^ poor cmiẼt trie s ^ - _ 1*■ Vw %- % ■ ' - ~V , „ >i

ccran ữies thát-hảye slavery: \ J

D cơuntriẹs-tỉíat m ake carpets ■ T - 'v The c h ild re n ‘wKo w ork are o fte n _ ' ' 1

Bw paid generously

-D all o f the above

W hen children are used to work for un fair wages in poor w orking

conditions, it is best described a s _

Q i\a n ab u se of working children

c a poor w orking environm ent

D unfair labo r practices

According to the article, children who w ork u n d e r poor conditions

A s ta rt to w ork only after age 13

B sta rt to w ork only after age 12

c m ake only 60 cen ts an hour

(DT)may m ake only 60 cen ts a day

According to the article, w hat is the best way to keep m any children

from falling victim to the ab u se of child labor in th e future?

(A^; Help poor co untrie s edu cate th e ir children ■

B Refuse to buy p ro ducts m ade in co untries th a t ab u se child bor

la-c Rescue each child

ð none o f the above

Why do families allow young children to go to work?

A They d o n ’t know how bad it is

B The grow nups d o n ’t w ant to work

(^CjThe families are very poor and need the income

D The children are paid a lot of money

How do you know Aghan w as no t happy m aking ca rp ets away from

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10 Ijdl New Delhi, AghanA.W orked for a group th a t is opposed to child labor

(Bp received a n education,

c lived w ith his family

D m ade carpets

GLOSSARY

- child labor tình trạng lao ñộng trẻ em

- to stitch khâu bằng kim

- to fight for kids' rights ñấu tranh cho

quyền của trẻ-em

- to put pressure on sfrgay sức ép ñối

- toopposèsth chống [ại cái gì

- to rescue giai cứu

- shelter chỗ ờ, chỗ trú thân

W ikipedia is a n encyclopaedia th a t is available on th e In tern et and

w h at people love ab o u t it is th a t it can be edited by absolutely body

every-When and how did it start?

It w as founded in 2001 by a guy called Jim m y Wales It sta rte d a s a Ỉ fancy idea, a kind of a hobby an d everybody is su rprise d how pop u lar it

h a s becom e a n d how m any com puter scientists it h a s attracted , it h a s got a caUecìiorucj^ab-O ut_l,8_ rrìlĩì articles, the m ajority of w hich are inEnglish; however, one can find som e articles in over 200 languages If it

w as a b u sin e ss, it would earn lots of money

How is it possible th at articles that can be changed by anyone are correct?

The W ikipedia is based on wikis - a special software w hich lets one modify a webpage an d it is tru e th a t anyone can change the infor-

every-m ation on th e page if they th in k it’s incorrect But, the W ikipedia h a s a team of over 13.000 people who are experts in different fields an d who correct an y in accu rate inform ation sen t by people

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I s i t error-free?

very reliable- an d th a t they -didn't find m any' errors: 3t ;.was 'very good

new s for th e founder a s well a s for all the u sers ’

Why is it becom ing so popuiar?

th a t it’s fun to be able to add w hat you know tó th e inform ation on the

net IT specialists believe it h a s a very bright future an d m ost claim it's

the m ost brilliant invention ever

1 W ikipedia

A w as created by a team of com p uter scientists, began a s a b u sin ess idea,

becam e pop ular a s soon a s it started

B began a s a b u sin ess idea

c becam e pop ular a s soon a s it Í(t x\ starte d a s one m a n ’s passion

W ; ■ r;

Articles in W ikipedia a r e _

A m ostly ab o u t science

(iTi m ostly in English

c tran slated into 200 languages

D very interesting

3 W ikipedia rem ains accu rate a s m u ch a s possible b e c a u s e _

A all people who w rite for it are experts

B it h a s a special type of software program m e

c ci) th ere are people who m onitor it for m istakes.

Lh not everybody can change the inform ation

4 The b est advantage of Wikipedia is t h a t _

fA ^you d o n’t have to pay for it

- encyclopaedia từ ñiển bách khoa - error-free (adj) không có sai sót

- to edit biên tập, chỉnh sửa - to confirm khẳng ñịnh

- to found thành lập - to stress nhấn mạnh

- a fancy idea một ý tưởng ấp ủ sự say - IT = Information Technology công

- min = million - passion niềm ñam mê

- webpage trang web BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN- to monitor theo dõi ñể xử ỉí

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In today’s com petitive world, w hat responsible p a re n t would not

w an t to give their children the b est possible sta rt in life? For th is re son, m any p aren ts w ant their children, often a s young as ten m onths old, to becom e fam iliar with com puters They seem to th in k th a t if th eir children grow up with com puters, they will be b etter equipped to face the challenges of th e future -/7-^

a-No one h a s proved th a t com puters m ake children m ore creative or

m ore intelligent The tru th may even be the opposite E ducational chologists claim th a t too m uch exposure to com puters, especially for the very young, may negatively affect norm al brain developm ent Chil-dren gain valuable experience of the world from their interaction with physical objects T en-m onth-old babies may benefit m ore from bu m p -ing th eir h ead s or p u tting various objects in their m o uths th a n they will from staring at eye-catching cartoons A four-year-old child can improve hand-eye coordination and u n d ersta n d cause an d effect better

psy-by experim enting w ith a crayon th a n psy-by moving a curso r aro u n d a com puter screen So, as educational psychologists suggest, instead of governm ent funding going to more an d m ore com puter classes, it m ight

be better to devote resources to m usic and a rt program s

It is lu d ic ro u s to think th a t children will fall behind if they are not exposed to com puters "from a n early age Time is too precious to spend with a “m ouse” Now is the time w hen they should be out- there learning

to ride a bike There will be time later on for them to start banging away a t keyboards

1 Why do p aren ts w ant their children to learn how to use a com puter from an early age?

® )B e c a u s e they are afraid their children will become competitive

B ecause they w ant th eir children to be well prepared for their future

c B ecause th is is w hat all the other p aren ts seem to do

D B ecause they believe their children will have difficulty learning

to use one if they don’t s ta rt early

2 Children who spend a lot of time on their c o m p u te rs _

do no t necessarily m ake m ore progress th a n those who d o n ’t, tend to like m usic an d a rt m ore th a n those w ho d o n ’t

c will suffer from b rain dam age

D ten d to have m ore accidents th a n those who d on ’t

3 The a u th o r im plies th a t children leạm better

A after they have developed hand-eye coordination

B w hen they u se a com puter

4

Trang 14

c a s they get older.

ef^?)when they hold an d feel things aro u n d them

ỈÍ41 W hat w ould be an appropriate title for th is passage?

Never too early to s ta rt Let kids be kids

C om puters in schools

D More com p uters m ean b righter future

5 W hat is tru e according to the passage?

A It is b etter for children to take com puter lessons th a n a rt sons

les-P arents should n ot p u t off buying a com puter for th eir children

c C om puters seriously h arm children's eyesight

(D )T h e re is no evidence th a t children who u se co m p uters are m ore

clever th a n those who do not „—7

6 W hat does the word “ludicrous” m the third p arag rap h (first sen

( A ridiculous B hu m orous c ironic

D sensible

GLOSSARY

- to be exposed to sth phải hứng chịu, - hand-eye coordination sự phối hợp

phải nếm trải, có cơ hội tiếp xúc với giữa tay và mắt

(exposure) - crayon bút chi màu

- interaction with sự tương tác với - cursor con nháy trên màn hình

- to bump one's head va ñầu - funding sự tài trợ

- eye-catching (adj) hấp dẫn, bắt mẳt - to bang away at sth ñập mạnh vào

5

A m assage is relaxing, an d m akes you feel great, b u t did you know

th a t it’s also good for you? T h at’s w h at doctors are now saying M

as-sage relieves pain an d anxiety, eases depression a n d speeds u p

recov-ery from m edical problem s

R esearch h a s show n th a t people of all ages benefit from touch

Pre-m atu re infants w ho a re held develop J iaster Than th ose left alone, an d

healthy babies w ho get a lot of physical con tact ciy less an d sleep b

et-ter R esearchers are n ot su re why th is occurs b u t they have also found

out th a t touch can slow h e a rt rate, lower blood p ressu re an d increase

levels of seraton in, the, brain chem ical th a t is linked to well-beingpjtt

also decreases levels of th e stress horm one cortisol, a n d th is in tu rn

increase s your, r esistance to- il|ọ e^ s^

M assage also 'speeds, u p/ healing Bone-m arrow tra n sp la n t p atien ts

who were given m assages h ad better neurological function th a n those

who w eren’t Furtherm ore, m assage reduced pain by 37% in p atien ts

w ith chronic m uscle aches.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 15

C ệ ) _

Gavipg->somjeaQS a m assagẹ m ay be_as_good as^get£mg-_one- A study conducted by the university of Miami found th a t m others suffering from depression felt better after m assaging th eir infants In th a t sam e study, elderly volunteers who m assaged infants reported feeling less anxious and depressed

It even w orks w hen you do it yourself; 43% of headache sufferers ported getting relief after m assaging their tem ples and neck and sm ok-ers who were tau gh t self-m assage while trying to quit felt less anxiety and sm oked less

re-2Ể 1 W hat h a s recently been said abo ut getting a m assage?

ằĩt relaxes you

It m akes you feel good

It im proves your physical condition

D It requires a special technique

2 Babies bom before th eir tim e _A* cry less an d sleep better if they are m assaged.

f grow faster if they are held

develop faster th a n healthy babies if they get a lot of physical contact

D d o n ’t survive if they are not held

3 The au th o r suggests th a t touch

A increases levels of the stress horm one cortisol

B m akes your h eart beat faster

( ^ ) increases' the feeling of well-being

D helps you deal w ith your feelings

4 P atients who get m a ssa g e s _

A d o n ’t experience m uscle pain

B avoid having surgery ^ J (j3y m ake a quicker recovery

D are not better off th a n those who do not

5 According to the a rtic le _

Ạ m assage h as no effect on sm okers

B m assage relieves headaches by 43%

c sm okers who gave others m assages felt less anxious and

sm oked less

(p j m assaging yourself is as effective a s being m assaged

6 W hat did the study conducted in Miami show? 1

A Elderly volunteers who got m assages felt less anxious

B M others were depressed after m assaging th eir babies,

c Babies who got m assages felt better

QSj Giving a m assage is as beneficial as getting one

Trang 16

?: •they d o n’t m ạssage th eir

-V - getting one , : ,

h e lp s sm okers quit'sm oking

GLOSSARY

- relaxing(adj) gây cảm giác dễ chịu - resistariceto sức ñề kháng ñối với :

-depressed (adj) trầm cảm (depression) ~ bone-marrow transplant sự cấy ghép

- to is p ẹ ị^ s th UỊyñầy nhanh cái gì tùy xương

- premature infant trẻ sinh thiếu tháng - neurological (adj) thuộc thần kinh

- heart rate nhịp tim - chronic (adj) mãn tính

- blood pressure huyết áp - musde ache sự ñau nhức cơ bắp

- well-being trạng thái mạnh khỏe - temple thái dương

- self-massage sự tự xoa bóp6

If we took a look a t how people in Europe com m unicated ju s t one

h u n d re d y ears ago, we would be very su rp rised to find o u t th a t English

was hardly u sed outside the U nited Kingdom The language m ost

comm only used between people of different n ationalities, a n d p a rtic u

-larly th e aristocracy, w as French In fact, French w as th e lan g u ag e o f

d ip lo m a cy , cu ltu re an d education However, th a t is not th e case

now adays E nglish h a s replaced French a s th e in ternatio n al language

of com m unication Today there are more people who sp eak E nglish a s a

second language th a n people who sp ea k it a s a first language

There are m any reaso n s why English h a s become the language of in

-ternatio nal com m unication B ritain’s colonization of m an y p a rts of th e

world h ad som ething to do with it, b u t it is m ainly d u e to A m erica’s rise

to th e position of m ajor world power This helped spre ad popular

American c u ltu re th ro u g h o u t the world bringing th e language w ith it

B ut is it good th a t English h a s sp read to all p a rts of the world so

quickly? Language specialists seem to be divided over this'i&^ue There

are those who claim th a t it is im portant to have a language th a t th e

people in o u r increasingly globalized world have in comm on According

to others, English is asso ciated w ith a p a rtic u lar cu ltu re an d therefore

prom otes th a t cu ltu re a t the expense of others L inguists have su g

-gested “E sp eran to ”, a n artificially p ut-tog ether language, a s a solution

to in tern atio n al com m unication problem s b u t w ithout su ccess So,

English will co n tinu e being th e world language u n til some o th er la n

guage, m aybe C hinese, w hich is th e m ost widelyspoken native lan

guage in th e world, tak es over a s the w orld’s in tern ation al language in

-stead of English.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 17

1 According to the passage, a century ag o _

A educated people th rou ghout Europe spoke English

B foreign travelers to England spoke only French

< ề F ren ch w as m u ch m ore pop u lar th a n English.

D only the French aristocracy could speak English

-2 W hat is chiefly responsible for the growth in popularity of English?

A B ritain’s becom ing an international power

B The F rench losing m any colonies

Am erica’s becom ing powerful

D The developm ent of American culture

3 W hat is m eant by “the language of diplomacy” (lines 5-6)?

A The language used by ordinary people

B The language used by the English an d the French

The language used by the aristocracy

The language used by governm ents

4 W hat is tru e according to the passage?

A The experts d on ’t like Esperanto

E speranto is difficult to learn

E speranto is not a n a tu ra l language

D E sp eran to is becom ing more and more popular

5 Th£ experts' opinion on the spread of English is(a/ split B positive c negative (B)i undecided

6 The a u th o r believes t h a t _

A English is easier to learn th a n Chinese

English will probably be replaced a s an in tern ational language

C hinese is going to be the next language of internatio nal com

-m unication

D C hinese is growing in popularity am ong non-native speakers

7 These d a y s _

French is the language of diplomacy,

m ore non-natives speak English th a n natives

c m ore people speak French th a n English

D French is a dying language

8 W hat would be a good title for this passage?

y O English: Past, Present and F uture

( b ) English a s a n International Language

c English language m eans English culture

D English: a difficult language to learnBỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 18

-ics, concentration, personal organization a n d sequencing m ay also be

affected We do not know exactly w hat cau ses dyslexia, b u t we-ño know

th a t it tend s to ru n in th e family We also know th a t m ore boys suffer

from dyslexia th a n girls an d th a t dyslexia is m ore com m on in u rb a n

areas th a n in rural

One of the m ost com m on sign's of dyslexia is "reversals” People w ith this kind of problem often confuse letters like “b ” an d “d ” w hen reading

and writing or they som etim es read an d w rite w ords like “tip ” an d

“w on” a s “pit” and “now” O ther com m on ch aracteristics are lack of

punctuation, m isspelling, m ixed-up sentence s tru c tu re an d poor

People are born w ith dyslexia, b ut it is only w hen they begin -to learn

to write th a t it becom es a noticeable problem For children w ith

dys-lexia, going to school can be a trau m atic experience Poor achievem ent

can m ake them feel frustrated an d insecure They are re lu ctan t to go to

school an d som etim es even skip school altogether Cheating, stealing

an d experim enting w ith d rugs can also occur w hen children regard

them selves as failures

It is a com m on m isconception th a t dyslexic people are of inferior in telligence Yet Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, T hom as E dison an d

-H ans C hristian A ndersen were apparently all dyslexic There is no total

cure for dyslexia; however, the effects of dyslexia can be lessened w ith

the guidance of skilled specialists an d a lot of determ ination

1 W hen does it becom e ap p aren t th a t a child m ay be suffering from

dyslexia?

w hen they are bom

\ B j w h e n they begin their education

c w hen they use sym bols instead of words

D w hen they s ta rt talking

2 According to the passage, dyslexic c h ild re n _

m ight have behavioral problem s

B end u p taking drugs

Trang 19

c look forw ard to going to school

D do well a t school

3 The passage states th a t one com mon characteristic of dyslexics is

th a t they

A have difficulty expressing their feelings

B are n ot able to read three-letter words,

c have difficulty learning the letter “b”

read w ords backw ards

4 The p urpose of th is passage is to inform readers t h a t _

A Albert E instein w as dyslexic

B it is difficult for dyslexics to get professional help

X c ) dyslexics are as intelligent a s other people

D dyslexics are inferior to other people

5 Who is m ore likely to be dyslexic?

A girls

* B children who live in the country

c children who are not brightchildren whose p a ren ts are dyslexic

6 How can th e effects of dyslexia be m ade less severe?

by learning to live w ith them

by learning a special skill

w ith professional help and hard w ork

by learning how to deal w ith failure

7 According to th e passage, w hich of the following is tru e?

A Dyslexia refers to a specific learning disability

B Dyslexic people become fam ous

ế Dyslexia affects only reading an d w riting skills The ca u ses of dyslexia h av en ’t been fully explained

GLOSSARY

- dyslexia chứng ñọc và viết khó - dys- - mixed-up (adj) lộn xộn, rối loạn lexic (adj) - traumatic (adj) gây chấn thương

- short-term memory trí nhớ ngắn hạn/ - frustrated (adj) chán nàn, thất vọng

trí nhớ sơ cấp - insecure (adj) bất an, không yên tâm

- sequencing khà năng [iên kết các sự - to skip school bỏ học

kiện - misconception quan niệm sai jam

- to run ỉri thẹtapiHyxó tính di truyền - inferior (adj) thấp kém

- reversal sự ñảo ngược - to lessen làm giảm bớt, làm nhẹ ñi

- misspelling sự ñánh vần sai

Trang 20

'• '■ vB acỊcỊn' Ị853, ị á t ' th e age of':24-V Levi ■ S ^ ị i s s ‘ồi^neặ;.ía;.: w est co ast ,

branch- of his b ro th er’s dry goods b u sin e ss m; New York; Oyer th e next

tw enty,y ẹ ^ s ^ ỉle b uilt his business into a lucrative operation, y:

One of Levi’s custom ers w as a tailor by the nam e of Ja c o b Davis

Originally from Latvia, Jaco b lived in Reno, Nevada, an d regularly p u

r-chased b olts of cloth from Levi S tra u ss & Co Among Ja c o b ’s custom ers

w as a m an who kept ripping the pockets on the p a n ts th a t Jac o b m ade

for him Ja c o b tried to find a way to strengthen h is cu sto m er’s p a n ts

w hen, one day, it finally occurred to him He decided to p u t m etal rivets

on the pocket corners an d a t the b ase of the b u tto n fly It worked and

the p a n ts becam e an in sta n t success

Jacob knew he h ad discovered som ething new an d w orried th a t som eone m ight steal his idea T h at’s why he decided to apply for a p a t-

ent, b u t he did n ’t have the $68 th a t w as required for the paperw ork

So, he tu rn ed to Levi S trau ss He wrote him a letter suggesting th a t

they hold th e p aten t together Being the b u sin essm an th a t he was,

S trau ss agreed im m ediately seeing the potential for th is new product

So, on May 20, 1873, th e two m en received p a te n t n u m b er 139,121

from the u s P atent an d T radem ark Office an d w ent into b u sin ess

to-gether T hat w as the day blue je a n s were bom Who would have

th ought b ack th en th a t denim , th read an d a little m etal w ould becom e

the m ost p op ular clothing p ro du ct in th e world an d it’s all th a n k s to

two m en - Levi S trau ss an d Jaco b Davis

1 According to the passage, why did Jaco b w rite to Levi?

\ a ) He d idn 't have the necessary fu nds to get a p aten t

B Hẹ d id n ’t know how to apply for a p atent,

c He h ad no one else to tu rn to

D He knew Levi h ad the right connections

2 Which' of the following titles b est sum m arizes the con ten t of the

passage?

A The B eginning of a Successful P artnership

B The H istory of J e a n stci) How J e a n s Were Invented

D The Lives of Levi S trau ss an d Jac o b Davis

3 According to the passage, w hat happened in 1853?

A Levi set u p a b u sin ess w ith his brother,

B Levi moved to th e w est coast

c Levi becam e a successful b usinessm an

Levi started working on h is own

Trang 21

4 W hat is tru e ab out Jac o b Davis?

He w as Levi’s friend

He w as Levi’s custom er in Latvia

U l)H e w as Levi’s b u sin ess p artner,

D He w as Levi’s tailor

5 Why did Ja c p b p u t m etal rivets on the p an ts he m ade?

Ai because h is cu sto m ers asked for it

\ 0 ) b ecau se he w anted to prevent som ething from h appening

c b ecause it w as fashionable

D b ecause he w anted to do som ething different

6 Why did Levi accept J a c o b ’s offer?

{a ) because he knew it would pay off

B b ecause his b u sin ess w as in trouble

c b ecause he w as looking to expand his b u sin ess

D b ecause Jac o b was a good custom er

^ 7 IgL 1873, Levi an d J a c o b _

(aJ founded their first com pany

■ B applied for a p aten t num ber

•'& ) m ade th eir first blue jeans

D got their first custom ers

GLOSSARY

- lucrative (adj) sinh lời, nhiều ĩợỉ nhuận - patent bằng sáng chế

- bolt of cloth cuộn vài, súc vải - paperwork giấy tờ hành chính

- to rip làm rách - Patent and Trademark Office sở cấp

- pants cái quần bằng phát mình và công nhận thương

- rivet con ñinh tán hiệu

- base phần phía dưới, phần ñáy - denim [tên loại vài ñể may quần jeans]

- button fly cửa quần - thread sợi chỉ

- to pay off (rõt cuộc) mang lại IỢỈ ích

B ack in the 1960s and 70s, the world was becom ing m ore aw are of the destructive effects of in du stry on the environm ent an d people were startin g to th in k seriously ab out ways of protecting the envừonm ent

O ne m an who w as particularly affected by th is subject w as G erard Morgan-Grenville As Morgan-Grenville travelled rou n d earning his liv-ing as a gardener, he noticed signs of the dam age th a t w as being done

to th e countryside aro u n d him It w a sn ’t long before M organ-Grenville decided th a t he h ad to do som ething ab o u t this situation He felt th a t if people could be show n a better way of living th en m aybe they w ould be interested enough to try to protect their precious environm ent

Trang 22

Mr Morgan-Grenville decided to set up a project th a t w ould prove

w hat w as happening to o u r su rrou nd ing s an d w hat' could be done

ab ou t it So, in 1975, Morgan-Grenville created th e C entre for A

lterna-tive Technology (CAT) in a village in Wales

The m ain aim of CAT is to search for a n ecologically b etter -way of

living by u sing technology th a t does n ot h arm the environm ent One of

the m ost im p ortan t things CAT did initially w as to explore a n d dem

on-strate a wide range of techniques and to point o u t w hich ones h a d the

least destructive resu lts on the world aro u n d u s It is also very im

por-ta n t for CAT to provide inform ation and advice to people all over B ripor-tain

and all over the world If m ore a n d m ore individuals are inform ed ab ou t

how m uch dam age o u r m odem lifestyle is doing to th e planet, m aybe

m ore of them w ould be prepared to look for solutions

The point ab o u t CAT is th a t by com bining theoretical an d practical

ideas, it h a s show n w ays in w hich people, n a tu re and technology can

exist together successfully CAT' now covers m any them es, including

energy-saving techniques, good use of land, the correct m an agem ent of

w aste prod ucts, recycling and health a n d food issu es V isitors to CAT

are able to observe m any new w ays of living, all of w hich are

ecologically correct a n d u se u p less of our valuable raw m aterials For exam

-ple, th e sewage system s a t CAT th a t get rid of all th e w aste from the

kitchens an d bathroom s are organised so a s to be com pletely

environ-m entally friendly, and environ-m uch of the energy used a t the centre is created

by power from, the su n , w ind or rain In addition, all th e building m eth

-ods u sed are ecologically ideal an d no chem icals are u sed a t the centre;

for instance, no chem icals are used in gardening or cleaning

Every-th ing is based on Every-th e use of n atu ra l products

One m ajor global problem is the dam age done to the whole p lanet by the effects of ind u stiy Problem s su ch a s global w arm ing, th e holes in

the ozone layer, the d estruction of huge areas of forests, an d pollution

in our atm osphere are all connected to the fact th a t there is an in

-crease in industry Now, a t last, this problem is being recognised

worldwide

People now agree th a t we w ant clean air, p ure drinking w ater, safe sunlight an d h ealthy food W hat CAT is trying to do is to dem o nstrate

th a t we can have all those things w ithout the environm ent paying the

price Slowly, CAT is com m unicating its m essage to cou n tries across

the world In E urope, several co untries have set up sim ilar ecological

centres to look a t alternative environm entally friendly technology The

w orkers a t CAT hope th a t one day there will be so m any centres all over

the world th a t governm ents an d m anagers of in d u stry will s ta rt to

change th eir ideas an d will th in k more carefully ab o u t the

environ-m ent Once th is h ap p en s, the possibilities for protecting o u r beautiful

planet will be endless.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 23

1 Mr M organ-Grenville w as worried ab ou t _ _ _

ầthe dam age h is gardening w as doing to title countryside,

th e countryside being harm ed, people protecting the environm ent

D w hat h e ’did for a living in the countryside

2 One of the m ain aim s of CAT i s _ '

A to use better technology to h arm the environm ent

B to u se less technology in the envừonm ent

ế to stop using technology th a t does not h arm th e environm ent,

to u se technology th a t causes less dam age to the environm ent

3 W hich one of the following statem ents is tru e?

\ a) c a t u ses a m ixture of theory and practice to explain its m sage

es-B CAT only u ses practical solutions to explain its m essage -

c CAT h a s dem onstrated how successful its theories are

D CAT believes it would be better if technology d id n ’t exist

4 Visitors to CAT _

5

A can u se valuable raw m aterials

•* B are all ecologically correct.

< c ) can see new ideas in practice

D can see valuable raw m aterials .The increase in in du stry w orldw ide _

(X ^ has led to an increase in environm ental problem s

B is due to the dam age done to the whole planet,

c is a resu lt of efforts to protect the environm ent

D h a s been ca used by problem s like global warm ing

6 The w orkers a t CAT are h o p in g

A th a t their m anagers will sta rt to change industry

(b) th a t th eir ideas will be used ail over the world,

c th a t o u r beautiful planet will end

* th a t it can protect governm ents an d m anagers worldwide

GLOSSARY

- the Centre for Alternative Technol- - theme chủ ñề ogy Trung Tâm sử Dụng công Nghệ - waste products các chất thải, phế

- initially (adv) lúc ban ñầu - sewage system hệ thống xử Jí chất

- theoretical (adj) thuộc về [í thuyết thải

Trang 24

10 ’c AN UNWELCOME GUEST :

O f th e óự e In -seven people m the UK who cỉaim to-have seen a ghost,

the m ajority ''are1 women.* T h is m ay' b e because woi&ẹÈrhạve fax, more

association w ifevihe-spirit->worldv-W-omen t r u s t their.-erootions an d are

generally b e tte r able th a n men to,cope with the unexpected. -

Housewife Fiona Blair describes hersetf a s very p ractical-and down-

to-earth, an d never believed in the idea th a t a house could be h au n ted

T hat all changed w hen she an d h er family moved into a m an or h ouse

in the MidỊạriắs Although the surveyor reckoned th a t th e ho use

re-quired á., lot - of atten tio n and w as som ew hat dam p, they th o u g h t it w as

stunning They could ju s t afford it and it would be a good investm ent,

so they took the plunge an d decided to buy it

Nonetheless, right from the start, Fiona had a strange sense th a t

they were not alone in the house One of her teenage d au g h ters h ad left

a towel over the back of a chair in the kitchen Fiona w as in the garden,

and when she re tu rn ed to the house, the towel w as over the kitchen

table like a tablecloth On other occasions the family would find th a t

objects su c h a s glasses an d vases had been tu rn ed upside-dow n

This w as only the sta rt of the peculiar happenings A particularly

strange incident happ ened on Fiona's birthday Fiona’s h u sb an d , Mark,

came hom e from work an d w ent into the living room He im m ediately

came ru sh in g o u t to ask who had bought h e r the beautiful flowers -

b ut nobody had given Fiona flowers an d h er d au g h ters h ad n ot p u t the

flowers there It rem ained a m ystery how they had m iraculously a p

-peared

Fiona w as curious an d decided to find o ut ab o u t th e h istoiy of the

house W hat she discovered w as ra th er alarm ing A pparently a young

girl, servant to a previous generation of ow ners, h ad been found dead

in p eculiar circum stances in the attic Fiona an d h e r family inevitably

began to feel claustrophobic and trapped in th e house, an d eventually

decided th a t they would have to move

U nfortunately, things were not a s simple as th at Each tim e they a

t-tem pted to show the h ouse to potential buyers, Fiona w ould of course

en su re beforehand th a t everything was n ea t an d tidy in order to m ake

a good im pression B ut by ,the time anyone arrived, the entire house

would be in a com plete m ess, and visitors com plained of an u n p le asa n t

atm osphere Eventually, after m any m onths, a n A m erican couple

viewed the house, an d decided it had a certain attraction For som e

reason, the ghost did n ot play its u su a l tricks, an d Fiona w as able to

sell w hat h a d b een h er dream hom e

Now living in a spacious m odem ap artm en t in London, Fiona w ants

to forget it all an d move on w ith h er life “At one point I th o u g h t I m ight

be going ou t of my m ind, it w as all so frightening We can alm ost laugh

ab out it all now, b u t I hope we never experience anything like th a t

again.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 25

1 Why did the w riter and h er h u sb an d w ant to move into th e house

c They knew som eone im portant had lived there

D They w ere looking for a house to m odernise

2 After they moved in, th e y

A began to h e a r strange noises in the attic

ể realised th a t the ho use w as incredibly cold,

discovered th a t objects were being moved

D broke a lot of glasses

3 W hat happened on Fiona’s birthday?

A H er d au g h ters bought h er flowers

There w as an unexplained occurrence

c A burglar broke into the living room

D M ark forgot to buy a present

A wix

4 W hat h ad h appened to the servant girl?

She h ad killed h erself in the attic

B She w as m urdered by the owners,

c She had been locked in the attic

(ũỳ She died in the house.

5 W hat did th e ghost do w hen they decided to sell the house?

' A It disappeared im mediately

It m ade people viewing it feel unwelcome,

c It tidied th e house

D It m ade horrible noises

6 W hat does “it” {first sentence of the la st paragraph) refer to?

the h ouse she lived in

B the m odem ap a rtm en t(c ) th e experience she h ad

D the sale of the house

GLOSSARY

- spirit 1) tinh thần 2) tâm linh 3) bĩng - stunning (adj) tuyệt vời, rất hay

ma - to be turned upside-down bị lật úp

- down-to-earth (adj) thực tế - attic rầm thượng, gác xép

- haunted (adj) (nhà) bị ma ám - claustrophobic (adj) cảm thãy sự khi ờ

- the Midlands vùng Trung Nguyên (ở trong khơng gian đĩng kín Anh) - to play tricks giở trị chọc phá

- surveyor nhân viên địa chính - spacious (adj) rộng mênh mơng

- to reckon cho là, đốn là - to gị 'oyt of one's mind phát điên

Trang 26

\À recen t survey ,of-crime: statistics show s :rth a t: we ạrẹ.' all mo re likely

: to be.;bụrglẹd: now ttiah- 20;y ears ago' and' thei p o & ^ adíyỈổẹ-íẹveryone to

take a.few sim ple p re c a u tio n s• tò; p rotect their-H om es|::

The first fact IS ữ ^ t b u r g l a r s o t h e r 'intruders prefer, easy

oppor-tu nities, like a h o u se w hich is- very obviously1 em pty This is,m uch le s s :

of a challenge th a n a n occupied house, a n d one w hichr is well-

protected A b u rglar will wonder if it is w orth th e bother '

There are some general tips on how to avoid y our hom e becom ing

an o th er crim e statistic Avoid leaving signs th a t your h o u se is em pty

W hen you have to go out, leave a t least one light on a s well a s a radio

or television, a n d do n o t leave any c u rta in s wide open The sight of

your late st m usic centre or com puter is enough to tem pt any burglar

Never leave a sp are key in a convenient hiding place The first place

a bu rglar will look is u n d e r th e doorm at or in a flower pot a n d even

som ew here m ore “im aginative” could soon be uncovered by the

in-truder It is m uch safer to leave a key w ith a neighbour you can tru st

B ut if your h o u se is in a quiet, desolate a rea be aw are th a t th is will be

a b u rg lar’s dream , so d eter any potential crim inal from approaching

your h o use by fitting security lights to th e outside of.your h ouse

B ut w hat could h ap p e n if, in spite of the aforem entioned _jgecauz;

tions, a burg lar or in tru d er h a s decided to target y our hom e Windows

are usu ally th e first point of entry for m any in trud ers D ow nstairs w

in-dows provide easy access while u p sta irs winin-dows can be reached with

a ladder or by clim bing u p th e drainpipe Before going to bed you

should double-check th a t all windows an d sh u tte rs are locked No m

at-ter how sm all y o u r windows may be, it is surp risin g w hat à narrow gap

a determ ined b u rg lar ca n m anage to get th roug h For ex tra security, fit

window locks to th e inside of th e window

W hat a b o u t entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, w hich

a re easily forced open, should have top quality security locks fitted

Even though th is is expensive it will be money well spent Install a b u

rglar alarm if you can afford it a s a n o th er line of defence a g a in st in tru d

-ers

A sobering fact is th a t n ot all in tru d ers have to b reak a n d e n ter into

a property Why go to th e trouble of breaking in if you ca n ju s t knock

and be invited in? Beware of bogus officials or w orkm en and , p a rtic u

-larly if you are elderly, fit a chain an d a n eye hole so you can scru tin ise

callers a t y o u r leisure W hen you do have callers never let anybody into

your hom e u n le ss you are absolutely su re they are genuine Ask tò see

a n identity card, for example.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 27

If you are in the frightening position of w aking in the m iddle of the night and th in k you can h ea r an intruder, th en on no acco un t should you app roach the in trud er Far better to telephone the police an d w ait

■for help

1 A w eil-protected h o u s e _

(A jis less likely to be burgled

(B J is regarded a s á challenge by m ost crim inals

C: is a lot of Bother to m aintain

D is very unlikely to be burgled

2 According to th e w riter, we s h o u ld _ _

A avoid leaving our ho use empty

B only go ou t w hen we have to

c always keep the cu rtain s closed 'give the im pression th a t our house is occupied w hen we go out

3 The w riter th in k s th a t hiding a key u n d er a doorm at or flower pot

(^A) is a predictable place to hide it

B is a useful place to hide it

c is im aginative

D is w here you alw ays find a spare key

4 The “aforem entioned precautio ns” refer to steps t h a t _

A will tell a burglar if your house is em pty or not

0 are the m ost im portant precautions to take to m ake your hom e safe

c will stop a potential burglar ÍDỊ will n ot stop an in tru d er if he h a s decided to try and en ter your home

5 G aining entry to a h ouse through a sm all w indo w _

A is surprisingly difficult

(BJ is not as difficult as people think

c is less likely to hap pen th a n gaining entry thro ug h a door

D is tried only by very determ ined burglars

6 According to the w riter, window locks, security locks a n d b urglar

a la r m s _

( j p c o s t a lot of money b u t are w orth it

B are -good value for money,

c are luxury item s

D are absolutely essential item s

Trang 28

’pVgives you tim e to check if the visitor is genuine.

8 The b est title for the text is

A Increasing Household Crime

Protecting Your Home from Intru d ers

xf W hat To Do If A B urglar B reaks into Your Home

D B urglary Statistics

GLOSSARY

- survey cuộc kháo sát

- crime statistics số íiệu thống kê các

- bother sự bận tâm, sự bỏ công

- music centre dàn máy nghe nhạc

“ determined (adj) quyết tâm

- patĩo khoảng sân ngoài nhà

- money well spent tiền tiêu ñúng chỗ

- line of defence phòng tuyến

- sobering (adj) ñáng suy glm

- Beware of sth Hãy coỉ chừng cái gi

- bogus (adj) giả mạo, mạo danh, bất

In a recent governm ent survey on healthy eating teen s scored only 5

out of 10 {8 indicated a healthy diet an d 6 a “p a ssa b le” one) Only 1 in

10 teens e a ts th e recom m ended am o u nt of fruit and the only vegetable

th a t m any teens eat is “chips” Most teens in the developed w orld are

eating too m uch b u t are still n ot getting the vital n u trie n ts to help them

grow and stay healthy More inform ation abou t nu tritio n and healthy-

eating is needed to help young people eat properly T eens w ho diet

of-ten cut ou t food they need, such as bread or milk, because they th in k it

is fattening.BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 29

O thers d o n ’t know w hat foods to choose in the s.chool canteen in order

to have a balanced diet There is a saying “you are w h at you ea t” So if you w an t to become the next David Beckham th en y o u ’d b etter sta rt eating properly

Exercise

Lack of m oney in schools plus increased p re ssu re to do well in the course exam s m eans th a t teenagers are doing less sport in school th an ever before Giris, in particular, are m ore likely to suffer from lack of exercise a n d u p to 4 in 10 girls stop playing spo rts in th eir early teen -age years J u s t because you a re n ’t sporty doesn’t m ean you can 't be active W alk or cycle to school instead of taking th e bus Help at home

w ith the housew ork or gardening Go dancing w ith your friends There are lots of ways you can stop being a couch potato L

Sleep

If “we are w hat we eat” th en sleep is like food for the brain Teens need

a t least 9 h o u rs ’ sleep every night and even mild sleepiness can affect your perform ance, h u m o u r an d health Lack of sleep can m ake you tired, angry or depressed Nearly 40% of secondary school stu d en ts go

to bed after 11 p.m on school nights and 15% of teen s say they have fallen asleep during class In the USA some schools are startin g classes

a t 10 a.m so th a t teens can get some extra sleep These schools have noticed an im provem ent in their stu d e n ts’ work

1 The text-suggests th a t teenagers ■

A are healthier th a n their p aren ts were

B d o n ’t have enough inform ation abou t healthy eating and style

life-c sleep m ore th a n is needed

D do m ore spo rts in schools th an before

2 According to the text, teens who go on a diet cu t down o n _ ’

À vegetables

B bread an d milk,

c chips

D m eat

3 Most teens in th e developed w o rld ^

A eat too m uch b u t are not eating healthy food

B eat properly and stay healthy

G e at less an d grow and stay healthy

D eat a lot of vegetables and healthy food

Trang 30

4 Schools p u t p re ssu re on stu d en ts t o _

A do well in sports

B improve th eir physical condition,

c do well in course exam s

D take a b us instead of walking or cycling to school

5 According to the text, m any secondary school s tu d e n ts on school

n ig h ts _

A sleep a t least 9 hours

B feel angry or depressed,

c play com puter gam es

D go to bed after 1 1 p.m

6 According to the text, some schools in the USA have changed the

startin g tim e of lessons b e c a u s e _

A they w anted to please th eir students

B they w anted to improve stu d en ts' perform ance,

c p aren ts insisted on changing the time

D teach ers com plained about how unm otivated th e stu d e n ts were

GLOSSARY

- to score 1) ñạt ñược một ñiểm số - nutrient chãt dinh dưSng

2) ghi ñược (1 bàn thắng) - sporty (adj) thích/ giòi thể thao

- passable (adj) ñạt yêu cầu, chấp nhận - couch potato người nghiện xem TV

ñược - depressed (adj) buồn bã, trầm cảm

- vital (adj) thiết yếu - unmotivated (adj) thiếu hứng thú

Scrawling graffiti is seen a s a crime in th e UK, y e t in th e u s it has

be-com e a recognized art form.

J u s t a few weeks ago eight graffiti gang m em bers were convicted of causing £5,000 w orth of dam age on.the London U nderground They are

am ong m ore th a n 70 hard-core graffiti artists tho u g h t to be operating

in London today Most are aged u n d e r 20

Graffiti artists, or “graffers”, operate in m any B ritish towns They ten work at night, covering walls, train s and railway statio n s with

of-brightly painted m u rals or scraw ls in spray p ain t an d m arker pen

Some people regard graffiti as a form of vandalism an d a m enace

London U nderground says th a t railusers find it ugly an d offensive It

spends £2m a year dealing w ith graffiti, and h a s even introduced train s

with graffiti-resistant paint “We don’t th ink it’s artistic or creative - it's

vandalism It’s a huge n u isan ce to ou r custom ers, an d it’s ugly an d

of-fensive,” says Serena Holley, a spokesw om an for th e London U

nder-ground “It creates a sense of an archy an d ch ao s,” says R ichard

M andel, a b arriste r who prosecuted th e graffiti gang “P assengers feel

as if the whole rail system is out of control.”BỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 31

B ritish T ran sport Police h a s a graffiti u n it designed to catch graffers

in the act It sp en t five m onths tracking down the recently prosecuted gang

Graffiti a rt can also be a dangerous pastim e The London U ground says th a t som e teenagers have died in accidents during n o ctu r-nal graffiti “ra id s”

nder-However, o th ers say th a t graffiti a t its best is an a rt form Art ies in London an d New York have exhibited work by increasingly fa-

galler-m ous graffiti artists “Of course graffiti is art T here’s no question ab o u t

th a t,” says David Grob, director of the Grob Gallery in London Even some of those who think graffiti is wrong adm it th a t graffers are ta l-ented “It’s ju s t th a t their artistic talent is channeled in the wrong di-rection,” says B arry Kogan, a barrister who represented Declan Rooney, one of the gang m em bers

There is a difference between “good graffiti” an d vandalism , says Dean Colman, a 24-year-old graffiti artist “I’d never spray private property, like som eone’s house Some graffiti are disgusting T here’s a big difference betw een th a t an d graffiti w hich can brighten u p grey

w alls.”

D ean m akes a living as a graffiti artist His days of illegal spraying are behind him, he says He h a s w orked on a television program m e about graffiti, designed a- series of governm ent posters, an d decorated nightclubs He h a s exhibited his work a t B attersea Arts C entre in Lon-don, a n d he h a s tau g h t graffiti-spraying in youth clubs

Dean sees him self a s an artist, and thin ks th a t graffiti a rt does not get du e recognition “T here’s no graffiti art in the Tate Gallery an d there should be,” he says “Graffiti is a valid a s any other a rt form ”

1 The graffiti a rtists arrested recently in London w e re _

A p u t in prison

B fined £5,000

c wrongly accused

D found guilty

2 The attitu d e of London U nderground is th a t graffiti _

A is a kind of art, b u t a problem because som e passengers d o n’t like it

B is som ething to be stopped at all cost

c is irritating b u t they have more serious problem s to worry about

D is causin g the price of tickets to go up and therefore needs to be stopped

Trang 32

.B s p e n t ' W l o t t oĩ cát cệr a ;gronp of graffiti artists.

c have recently 'critìcẾeeấ the'beh av ion o f.the -London Under- grounxk1 ' • ' * -

,D don't.know w hat'to do abo ut:“the problem ■ ^

■4 i B ạry Kogaik', who defended one of th e convicted grafiitivartists,

Ấ: sho,uld ishow th eir work in a rt galleries

V B-.sho u ld n o t have been convicted

■; G stíóld u se th e ir abilities in different ways

D should be m ore careful w hen working in the U nderground

5 D ean Colman

A h a s never broken the law

B is concerned ab o u t how little he e a rn s from h is work w ith fiti

graf-c would like to see graffiti tak en more seriously by th e á rt world

D is worried ab o u t young people taking u p graffiti-spraying

6 The w rite r _

A is for people who draw graffiti

B is ag a in st people who draw graffiti,

c po in ts h is opinion quite unclearly

D sup p o rts th e attitu d e of the London U nderground tow ards graffers

GLOSSARY

- graffiti sự viết/vẽ bậy

- gang nhĩm/ băng đàng

- to be convicted of bị buộc vào tội

- hard-core (adj) trung kiên, cốt cán

- mural tranh tường, bích họa

- scrawl (Ý) viết chữ nguệch ngoạc; (rì)

chữ nguệch ngoạc

- spray paint sơn xịt từ bình khí nén

- marker pen bứt nét íĩn

- vandalism hành vi phá hoại của cơng

- menace mối đe dọa

- rail user khách đi tàu hỏa

- offensive (adj) gây khỏ chịu

- graffiti-resistant paint loại sơn chõng

viẽt vẽ bậy

- spokeswoman nữ phát ngơn viên

- anarchy tình trạng vơ chính phủ chaos tình trạng hỗn loạn

- barrister luật sư

- to prosecute truy tố

- to catch sb in the act bắt quả tang ai

- to track sb down truy lùng ai

- nocturnal (adj) hoạt động về đêm

- raid cuộc bố ráp, cuộc lùng bắt

- to channel truyền đi, chuyển đi

- spray phun sơn

- to brighten sth up [àm cho cái gì sáng lên

- the Tate Gallery [tên phịng trưng bày nghệ thuật ở London]

- due (adj) đúng ra phải được (hưởng)

Trang 33

14 1 0 1 WAYS TO AVOID STUDYING

The Six-O ’clock-In-The - Evening-E nthu siastic- D eterm ined-And-W ell- Intentioned-Studier-U ntil-M idnight is a person w ith w hom you are probably already familiar At 6 o’clock he ap proaches his desk, and carefully organizes everything in preparation for th e stu dy period to fol-low Having eveiything in place he next carefully a d ju sts each item again, giving him self tim e to complete the first excuse: he recalls th a t

in th e m orning he did no t have quite enough time to read all item s of

in terest in the new spaper He also realizes th a t if he is going to study it

is b est to have su ch sm all item s completely ou t of the way before tling down to th e ta s k a t hand

set-He therefore leaves h is desk, brow ses th roug h th e new spaper and notices a s he brow ses th a t there are m ore articles of in terest th a n he

ha d originally thought He also notices, as he leafs thro ugh the pages,

th e e n tertain m en t section At th is point it will seem like a good idea to plan for the evening’s first break - perhaps an interesting half-hour program m e betw een 8 and 8.30 p.m

He finds the program m e and it inevitably s ta rts a t ab ou t 7.00 p.m

At th is point, he th ink s, “Well, IVe h ad a difficult day a n d it’s n ot too long before the program m e starts, an d I need a re st anyw ay an d the relaxation will really help m e to get down to studying .” He re tu rn s to his d esk a t 7.45, b ecau se the beginning of th e next program m e w as also a bit m ore interesting th a n he thought it would be

At th is stage, he still hovers over his desk tapping his book re a s s u ingly a s he rem em bers th a t phone call to a friend which, like th e arti-cles of in terest in the new spapers, is b est cleared o ut of th e way before the serious studying begins

r-The phone call, of course, is m uch more interesting an d longer th an originally planned, b u t eventually the intrepid stu d e n t finds him self back ạ t h is desk a t ab o u t 8.30 p.m

At this point in the proceedings he actually sits down a t the desk, opens the book w ith a display of physical determ ination a n d sta rts to read (usually page one) a s he experiences the first pangs of hu n g er an d

th irst This is d isastro u s because he realizes th a t the longer he w aits to satisfy the pangs, the w orse they will get, and the m ore in terru pted his study concentration will be

The obvious an d only solution is a light snack This, in its p re p a tion, grows a s m ore an d m ore tasty item s are piled onto the plate The

ra-sn ack becom es a feast

Having removed th is final obstacle the desk is retu rn ed to w ith the certain knowledge th a t th is time there is nothing th a t could possiblyBỒI DƯỠNG TOÁN - LÍ - HÓA CẤP 2+3 1000B TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO TP.QUY NHƠN

Trang 34

■interfere w ith the following •period of study ;:The' £ÍFst còỊÌpĩè of se n

-te n ce s' 0X1' page- onp a re locked a t again: as- :the stu d e n t realizes th a t

his sto m ach • isfe e lin g decidedly, heavy ancLa gerieral::;'droWsiness seem s

to have' set in ' F ar -.better 'at- th is ju n c tu re tơ' w atch 'th a t other in te re

st-ing half-h ou r program m e a t 10 o clock after w hich th e digestion will be

m ostly com pleted and' th e re st will enable him to really get down to the

ta sk a t h and

At 12 o ’clock we find him asleep in front of th e TV Even a t th is

point, w hen he h a s been w oken u p by whoever com es into th e room , he

will th in k th a t th in g s have not gone too badly, for after all he h a s h a d a

good rest, a good m eal, w atched some intere stin g a n d relaxing

pro-gram m es, fulfilled h is social com m itm ents to h is friends, digested the

d ay ’s inform ation, a n d got everything completely o u t of th e way so th a t

tomorrow, a t 6 o ’clock

1 The stu d e n t in fact reads th e new spaper in order t o _

A find o u t w h a t is on TV

B avoid beginning work

c be able to w ork continuously w ithout a b re ak later

D keep u p -to -d a te w ith world events

2 The stu d e n t s ta rts p lan n in g h is first b re a k _

A w hen he sits down a t his desk a t 6 o ’clock

B after working for a very sh o rt period

c while he is reading th e new sp aper before startin g work

D a t 7 p.m

3 After he w atches television, th e stu d e n t’s stu d y period is fu rth e r

delayed b e c a u s e _ _

A he h a s to m ake a n im po rtan t phone call

B h e pho n es a friend to avoid startin g work

c he realizes he w on’t be able to con cen trate u n less he calls h is friend first

D he finds w h at h is friend says on th e phone very interesting

4 W hat does “th is final obstacle” refer to?

A th e feast he h a s ju s t eaten

B th e p an gs of h u n g er an d th irst he w as experiencing earlier

c th e phone call he m ade earlier

D feeling tired

5 The text su ggests th a t th e next day th e p e r s o n _

A will be able to study m ore efficiently

B will no t attem p t to study

c will do exactly th e sam e thing

D will feel guilty ab o u t w asting a whole evening

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6 W hich best describes the w riter’s attitu d e to the stu d en t he is d scribing?

e-A He is angry with him

B He is gently poking fun a t him

c He feels sorry for him

D He d o esn ’t care ab o u t him

7 The w riter th in k s th a t the re a d e r _

A will have had some sim ilar experiences of avoiding studying

B will be am azed by the behaviour of th is lazy stu dent,

c will im mediately resolve to be a b etter student

D will feel guilty abo ut all the tim es they have allowed them selves

to be distracted

GLOSSARY

- to adjust ñiều chỉnh, sửa Eại cho ngay ngắn

- to browse through ñọc lướt qua

- to leaf through lật dở (các trang sách)

- break quãng tạm nghỉ

- to hover over (a place) ñứng làng

vàng bên cái gì

- to tap chạm tay vào cái gì

“ reassuringly (adv) với vẻ an tâm

- intrepid (adj) iiều lĩnh, bạt mạng

- proceedings íoạt sự kiện, chuỗi hành ñộng

- pangs of hunger cảm giác ñói cồn cào

- snack món ăn dặm

In 1997, a group of tw enty B ritish women m ade history Working in five team s with four women in each team , they walked to the North Pole A part from one experienced female guide, the o th er women were all ordinary people who had never done anything like th is in their lives before They m anaged to survive in an environm ent which h ad defeated several very experienced m en during the sam e few spring m onths of

th a t year Who were these women and how did they succeed where others failed?

In 1995 an advertisem ent about a selection for the expedition was

p u t in several B ritish new spapers Nearly one h u nd red wom en took part in the first selection weekend and then, after several training ex-peditions designed to weed ou t u nsuitable applicants, twenty women

- to pile chồng/.chất cao íên

- feast bữa ñại tiệc

- obstacle chướng ngại vật

- to interfere with xen vào, gây trở ngại

- decidedly (adv) rõ rệt

- drowsiness cơn' buồn ngủ

- to set in kéo ñến, ập ñến

- at this juncture vào lúc này

- digestion sự tiêu hóa

- commitments to sb nghĩa vụ/ bôn phận ñối với ai

- to poke fun at sb ñùa cợt, chế nhạo ai

- to resolve to do sth quyết tâm làm gì

Trang 36

•were'ẹ&ỜS.en.iiThe youngest, of.'t-hésẹ- w as tw enty-one and'the o ld est fifty-

•oiiẽỉ.: M ''&ẹ>'g^up> thére'-.was- ấ ĩậ o th e r of triplets, a te a c h e r^ :flig h t- a t -

t e n H a n t a n d e v e n p r o d u c e r

- They.-were‘a-m ikedbuiic-h b u t they -all really w ajnteti'to'take p a rt in

ữie venture-and ma'ke it a success Each of th e wom en agreed to raise

th e £2500 needed ' for the expenses a n d the airfare to Canada, w here

the expedition began They also com m itted them selves to following a n

intensive physical training program m e before leaving th e UK so th a t

they were fit enough to take p a rt in the expedition w ithout endangering

their own or o th e rs’ lives

The wom en set off a s soon a s they were ready Once in the ice, each wom an h ad to ski along while dragging a sledge weighing over 50 kilos

This would n o t have been too bad on a sm ooth surface, b u t for long

stretches, the Arctic ice is p u sh ed u p into huge m ou nd s two or three

m etres high and the sledges h a d to be h au led up one side a n d carefully

let down th e o th er side so th a t they did n’t sm ash The tem p eratu re was

always below freezing point and som etim es strong w inds m ade walking

while pulling so m uch weight alm ost im possible It w as also very

diffi-cult to p u t up th eir ten ts when they stopped each night

In su ch conditions the women were m aking good progress if they covered fourteen of fifteen kilom eters a day B ut th ere w as an oth er

problem P art of the journey w as across a frozen sea w ith moving w ater

u n d e rn e ath th e ice an d at some points the team would drift b ack m ore

th a n five kilom eters du ring th e night T hat m eant th a t after walking in

these very h a rs h conditions, for ten h o u rs on one day, they h ad to

spend p art of thè next day covering the sam e ground again F u rth e

r-more, each day it would take three h o u rs from w aking u p to setting off

an d an o th er three h o u rs every evening to set u p the cam p and prepare

the evening meal

So, how did they m anage to succeed? They realised th a t they were

p art of a team If any one of them didn't pull h er sledge or get h er job

done, she would be jeopardizing the su ccess of the whole expedition

Any form of selfishness could result in the efforts of everyone else being

completely w asted, so personal feelings had to be p u t to one side At

the end of th eir journey, the women agreed th a t it w as m ental effort far

more th a n physical fitness th a t got them to the North Pole

1 W hat w as so extraordinary about the expedition?

A There w as no one to lead it

B The women did not have any m en w ith them

c It w as a new experience for m ost of the women

D The women h ad not m et one an o th er before

Trang 37

2 W hat did the wom en who answ ered the ad vertisem ent have in com m on?

A They were about the sam e age

B They had all suffered pain an d discomfort,

c They all h ad plenty of money

D They all w anted to achieve a goal

3 W hat does underlined “th ese” refer to?

A all the- app licants

B the training expeditions

c the women who w ent on the trip

D the unsu itable applicants

4 W hat did each w om an have to do before the sta rt of the expedition?

: c learn to ski D m eet the other women

5 On the expedition, th e women had to be careful to av o id _

A falling over on the ice B being left behind,

c dam aging the sledges D getting too cold at night

6 It w as difficult for the women to cover 15 kilom etres a day because

7

A, they got too tired

B the ice w as moving,

c they kept getting lost

D the tem p eratu res were too low

W hat is the m ain m essage of the text?

A Motivation an d team work achieve goals

B Women can do anything they w ant

c It is som etim es good to experience difficult conditions

D Arctic conditions are very harsh

GLOSSARY

- to weed sth out loại bỏ cái gì ra

- trip le ts những ñứa con sinh ba

- flight attendant tiếp viên hàng không

- bunch ñám, bọn, lũ (người)

- venture cuộc mạo hiểm

- airfare tiền vé máy bay

- to commit oneself to sth cam kết làm

gì

- intensive (adj) ráo riết, có cường ñộ

cao, chuyên sâu

- siedge xe trượt tuyết

- stretch vùng (ñất) rộng lớn trài dài

- mound ỊI ñất, mô ñất, gò

- to haul sth up kéo céi gi lên

- to smash vỡ tan nát

- to drift back trôi ngược trở lại

- harsh (adj) khắc nghiệt

- to jeopardize làm hại, làm lâm nguy

- selfishness sự ích kỉ

- to be wasted bị iãng phí, trở nên hoài công vô ích

- mental (adj) thuộc tâm trí/tỉnh thần

Trang 38

Tennis started in France nearly 1000 y ears ago The gam e was

originally played in th e courtyards of royal palaces, using the w alls (like

squash) ra th e r th a n a n e t One of the G rand Slam to u rn am e n ts tak es

place in W im bledon every year The Tournament or The Fortnight, a s the

B ritish call the W imbledon Tennis C ham pionships, is very im p o rtan t to

the English

So here you are, standing in the queue to buy your ticket to w atch

the m atches Everybody is w aiting for their tu rn to get inside Nobodv is

pushing If you are English, you will have all the necessary thing s with

you: a therm os of tea (of course), a folding cha ir and (surprise, s u

r-prise) an um brella!

At last you go through the gates, and you discover the atm osphere

People are sitting un d er their um brellas enjoying the B ritish w eather

The atm osphere is calm and controlled You feel as if you are in a select

private club - and, in fact, you are The gardens are su p erb (well, you

are in England ) Eveiy year 3,500 geranium s are planted!

W hat is so special about Wimbledon? Well, it is the oldest to u rn a

-m ent in the world, an d th e last of the big four cha-m pio nships to be

played on n a tu ra l grass The American, A ustralian an d French C ham

-pionships are played on cem ent, artificial g rass and clay All the

play-ers m u st d ress only in white W imbledon is free from sponsorship,

which m akes it different from alm ost all other sporting events This

m eans th a t there are no advertising b an n e rs aro u n d the courts The

people who come to w atch the m atches, com pared to those who w atch

m any other international to urn am ents, are well disciplined You can

only som etim es h ea r sh o uts or w histles w hen a player p repares to

serve And if any sp ectator behaves badly, he or she m ay be asked to

leave

You think th a t the English are very serious ten n is fans B ut if you

w ant a good place, you may well find one aro u n d 4 p.m W here h as

everybody gone? Look in the tents: they are having straw berries and

tea After all, ten n is is ju s t one of m any traditions, an d the English like

to continue them a l l - especially tea!

(Adapted from ! Love English, 1994)

1 The Fortnight i s _

A ano th er nam e for the G rand Slam tournam ents

B the original nam e for a game sim ilar to squash

c the nam e of one of the two W imbledon to urnam ents

D an o th er nam e for the Wimbledon C ham pionships

16

Trang 39

2 To en te r W imbledon you have t o _

A w ait in a line of people

B book the tickets earlier,

c have your own chair

D belong to the club

3 W hich of these sentences is true?

A Most of the courts at W imbledon have artificial grass

B Only the W imbledon to u rn am ent is played on n atu ra l grass,

c The Wimbledon cham pionships are played on cem ent or clay

D All four G rand Slam T ournam ents are played on n a tu ra l grass

4 S pectators a t W im bledon _

A never behave badly during a m atch

B leave w hen a player serves badly,

c do no t often sh out during a m atch

D are given special discipline rules

5 It is easier to find a seat a t 4 o'clock b e c a u s e _

A English spectators go to some special tents

B it is an English tradition to go hom e for tea

c m ost of the spectators leave Wimbledon

D serious tennis fans come in the morning

6 The text is m ainly a b o u t _

A th e m ost popular spo rts in England

B the history of tennis cham pionships,

c the ten nis to u rn ain en ts a t Wimbledon

D different English custom s and traditions

GLOSSARY

- courtyard cái sân trong

- tournament giải thi ñấu

- thermos bình thùy

- folding chair ghế xếp

- select (adj) (câu lạc bộ) dành riêng

- geranium cây hoa phong lữ thảo

- day ñất sét; (tennis) sân ñất nện

- to be free from sth (adj) hoàn toàn

không có cái gì

- sponsorship sự tài trợ

- advertising banner dải băng quảng cáo

- well disciplined (adj) có tinh thần ki luật, trật tự

- whistle tiếng huýt sáo

- strawberry trái dâu tây

- to serve phát bóng, giao bóng

Trang 40

17 , '4 r ^Ệgặ: '■

H ave -ýọư/heará':ọf■ rmis'hers? -They are:people who :$nve£lpg->sledges

■Every, year, orí ■tfoe^ferst'Satttrday-'in 'March, ,6:ớ;ịo 75 tẹam ế;;of';m ushers

-from- around the world istaiS;-:th e [Idifarod, fặịỊ:ạặltó^Jam i|ỗs:-ỉsled-dog

race The ;raee goes from Anchorage^, tồ ứie,.ciíyẫ>f ;

Hq w did,the Iñitạrod start?.:Irr Ĩ925, th ere -was à diphtheria epidem ic

sib lè: S ilf t-iien -the train lines stopped There were Stm-.v525 m iles to

cross in fa: cold, hostile environm ent There w as only one solution The

first dog team left on J a n u a ry 28th, with tem p eratu res of -45CC! Men

and their dogs tran sp o rted the serum , w arm ing it occasionally On

February 2nd, the serum finally arrived in Nome H u ndreds of children

were saved

The Iditarod w as started in 1973 to com m em orate this The ro u te is

symbolically 1049 m iles long: 1000 (a ro un d num ber) plus 49 (Alaska

is th e 49th U.S state} The race sta rts in Anchorage: a team leaves

every two m inutes There are more th an twenty checkpoints on the Idi-

tarod, som e in Eskim o villages The m u sh e rs’ dogs are H uskies, Mala-

m utes an d Sam oyeds These dogs love to ru n , to m ake their m asters

happy, and th eir m asters w ant to come first in the race

The lead dogs are the ones who best obey' the m u s h e rs ’ com m ands

They are generally the m u sh e rs5 favorites W hen the dogs are not ru n

-ning, they live outside, attac h ed on long ch a in s n ea r a dog house

Many m u sh e rs raise their own dogs O thers borrow or re n t them A

m u sh er know s all his dogs5 nam es and he som etim es h a s 150 dogs!

The m u sh ers com e from England, Germany, J a p a n , France, A

ustra-lia an d the U.S They travel across m ou ntains, the frozen Yukon River,

• forests and ice fields, all in the horrible cold With tem p eratu res of -

55°c, the m u sh ers have to w ear warm clothes They do it for th e love of

it, b u t there are m any dangers, too: dangers of being lost, getting stuck

in th e snow, bad w eather, and anim als th a t can attac k th e dogs The

race is difficult B u t'to the people who do the Iditarod, the A laskan

si-lence is the m ost beautiful sound in the world They really enjoy it

(Adapted from I Love English, 1995)

1 The Iditarod is a race in which 6 0 -7 5 _

A people from the area take part

B children from Nome take part

c organised groups take part

D types of dogs take part

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