CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 CHUYÊN ĐỀ V WRITING SKILLS CHUYÊN ĐỀ VIẾT Chuyên đề đề cập đến điểm yếu cố hữu học sinh, trở ngại lớn việc đạt điểm cao làm câu hỏi mang tính phân hóa đối tượng, chuyên đề kĩ viết thực tế, việc cải thiện kĩ viết không khó khăn nghĩ, mà trái lại, có tảng kiến thức ngữ pháp, vốn từ khá, hiểu biết tương đối chủ đề sống, vấn đề thời thời đại việc đạt điểm cao phần không khó (trên thực tế số học sinh đạt 50% số điểm phần hiếm) Việc thực nghiêm túc bốn chuyên đề trước nêu tài liệu giúp học sinh tự tin hoàn thành tốt yêu cấu cải thiện kĩ viết đạt kết thật cao kì thi THPT Quốc Gia môn Tiếng Anh BÀI SENTENCES TRANSFORMATION - VIẾT LẠI CÂU I Introduction: Trong tiếng Anh, nhiều ngôn ngưc khác, ta dùng nhiều cấu trúc lời nói khác để diễn đạt ý, hay lời nói Nói cách khác câu nói không đơn có ý nghĩa theo cấu trúc ngữ pháp, mà câu nói truyền tải theo hình thức cấu trúc ngữ pháp khác mà giữ nguyên ý nghĩa gốc Hình thức viết lại câu (sentence transformation) hình thức viết lại câu cho trước cấu trúc không làm thay đổi ý nghĩa ban đầu câu Ví dụ như: Câu gốc: He has lived here since 1990 (the present perfect tense) Câu viết lại:He moved here in 1990 (the simple past tense) → Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng động từ, động từ thay trạng ngữ thời gian Câu gốc: We can find him nowhere (affirmative sentence) Câu viết lại:Nowhere can we find him (inversion sentence) → Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng hình thức đảo ngữ (inversion) để nhấn mạnh Câu gốc: She is the most intelligent student in my class (superlative degree) Câu viết lại:No one in my class is as intelligent as she is (negative positive degree) → Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng hình thức so sánh với tính từ Câu gốc: “Don’t touch the wire, boys!” said Mr Hung (direct speech) Câu viết lại:Mr Hung told the boys not to touch the wire (indirect speech) → Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng cách chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp II Some transformative forms: Vài hình thức biến đổi câu tiếng Anh miêu tả sau: Tense sentence transformation: Chuyển đổi câu qua chuyển đổi động từ: e.g a We started working here three years ago → We have worked here for three years b This is the first time I have been on a plane → I have never been on a plane before c That’s strange! My pen isn’t here! → That’s strange! My pen has disappeared! d Nicky and Jan aren’t at this school any more → Nicky and Jan have left this school Transformations using comparisons: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng hình thức so sánh e.g a She is taller than I am → I am not as tall as she is b He worked harder than his friends → His friends did not work as hard as he did Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 1/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 c This is the best film I have ever seen.→ I have never seen a better film than this one d She is the most kind-hearted woman among the ones you met → No one among those you met is as kind-hearted as her Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề II, Bài 3 Transformations using inversions: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng hình thức đảo ngữ e.g a She can hardly understand what the teacher is saying → Hardly can she understand what the teacher is saying b Although he worked hard, he couldn’t feed the family → Hard as he worked, he couldn’t feed the family c They could not find the man anywhere → Nowhere could they find the man d She rarely eats out → Rarely does she eat out Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề II, Bài 4 Transformations using the passive voice: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu bị động e.g a She can make a decision soon → A decision can be made soon by her b Their car was stolen long ago → Someone stole their car long ago c They will build a new school here → A new school will be built here d She had her friends translated the message.→ She had the message translated by her friends Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề III, Bài 5 Transformations using the indirect speech: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu gián tiếp e.g a “Go out, boys!” said the mother → The mother told her sons to go out b “Would you like a cigar, Peter?” said Mike.→ Mike invited Peter a cigar c “Do you live here?” said the stranger → The stranger asked if I lived there d The man said, “what you for a living, Nam?” → The man wanted to know what Nam did for a living Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề III, Bài 6 Transformations using conditional sentences: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng câu điều kiện e.g a If you don’t study hard, you will fail the final exam → Unless you study hard, you will fail the final exam b The test was too difficult for him to well.→ He could well if the test were not difficult c He isn’t here to help me → If he were here, he could help me d I did not know the answer to tell him → I would have told him if I had known the answer Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề IV Transformations using other structures: Chuyển đổi câu sử dụng mẫu câu khác Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 2/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 e.g a Mr Ba is living next door He teaches me English (relative clause) → Mr Ba, who teaches me English, is living next door b Although it rained heavily, we arrived on time (clause of concession) → Despite the heavy rain, we arrived on time c He came early so that he could get a good seat (clause of purpose) → He came early to get a good seat d The test was too difficult for them to well → The test was not easy enough for them to well (cause & effect) Chú ý: Phần viết lại câu sử dụng tập Chuyên đề IV BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it We couldn’t have managed without my father’s money → If it He hasn´t eaten this kind of food since 1991 → He last _ I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back → Hardly Nick joined a golf club a year ago → Nick has been _ While I strongly disapprove of your behavior, I will help you this time → Despite my This will be my first visit to Brazil → I've never _ I’m sorry I missed your lecture → I’m sorry not _ I joined a yoga club six months ago → I have been _ We may not be able to give the concert → The concert 10 This will be her first time in Spain → She has not _ 11 I was not surprised to hear that he had failed his driving test → It came 12 When did he start work? → How long is _? 13 I only recognized him when he came into the light → Not until 14 Our meeting is tomorrow → We will 15 That rumor about the politician and the construction contract is absolutely false → There is _ 16 David went home before we arrived → When we 17 One runner was too exhausted to complete the last lap of the race → One runner was so _ 18 How long ago did you buy your car? → How long _? Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 3/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 19 My mother was the most warm-hearted person I’ve ever known → I’ve _ 20 I've only recently started wearing glasses → I didn't _ Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it He bought his computer one year ago → He has _ They never made us anything we didn’t want to → We were _ They started playing tennis three months ago → They have The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the man → Had it not They had not been to South Korea before → It is the It is quite pointless to complain → There’s no I haven't been to the beach for a long time → It's a The workers only called off the strike after a new pay offer → Only after He had not been to ballet classes before → It was the 10 He was sentenced to six months in prison for his part in the robbery → He received a 11 I have never watched such a boring film → It’s the most _ 12 You can eat as much as you like for 5$ at the new lunch-bar → There is no _ 13 My parents haven’t reached London yet → My parents still haven’t _ 14 She wore a hearing-aid, even though she could hear the phone ring perfectly well → She wasn’t so 15 I haven't had a Chinese meal for ages → It's ages 16 You will never meet anyone more generous than Mrs Hoa → Mrs Hoa is 17 She’s been living in this village since 2009 → She moved 18 My parents let me go abroad alone for the first time last year → I was _ 19 I last travelled to Mui Ne in January → I haven’t 20 It was his incompetence which led to their capture → If he _ Exercise 3: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 4/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 I’m certainly not going to give you any more money → I have no Charles has never had a tablet before → This is the Our hotel booking hasn’t been confirmed → We haven’t received _ They moved to this village five months ago → They has been The sales man told me that my new car would be delivered next Wednesday → According It’s a long time since we went out → We haven’t _ The Yeti has very rarely been seen at this altitude → There have _ She started cooking as soon as her husband (had) left home → She started _ It’s not certain that Jones will get the job → It is open _ 10 I met my husband in 2001 → I have _ 11 Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made → No sooner 12 When you phoned me, it was my lunchtime → When you phoned me, I _ 13 As I get older, I want to travel less → The older _ 14 We started working here three years ago → We have 15 A house in that district will cost you at least a million dollars → You won’t be able _ 16 My mother has been studying English for 15 days → My mother started 17 Alan worked too hard at the office, and this led to his illness → Alan’s illness 18 Hurry up! We'll get to the theatre after the beginning of the play → By the time we get 19 Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test → As long as 20 This is the first time I have been on a plane → I have _ Exercise 4: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it She has never had a smartphone before → This is Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill → No sooner We haven't been to the theatre for a long time → It's a long _ The protest has been so vociferous that the committee has had to reconsider Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 5/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 → There has been _ I haven’t been to the football match for three years → The last time You think that fat people are always jolly but you are wrong → Contrary He has never eaten this kind of food before → It’s the first time _ My boss works better when he’s pressed for time → The less _ They got married ten years ago → They have 10 The patient recovered more rapidly than expected → The patient made 11 There's a party at Mary's house next week → Next week 12 There isn’t a pair of thermal socks left in the shop, Madam → We are completely _ 13 I started working for this company three years ago → I’ve been 14 Their chances of success are small → It is not _ 15 I became head of the university four years ago → I have _ 16 The rail workers not intend to call off their strike → The rail workers have no _ 17 The arrival time of Helen's flight is 8.00 → Helen's flight will 18 Mrs Scott is proud of her cooking → Mrs Scott prides 19 Oh no! My wallet is missing → Oh no! I have _ 20 It was the goalkeeper who saved the match for us → If it hadn’t Exercise 5: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it They are big, they fall fast → The _ I look into your eyes much, I love you much → The _ She is mature, she becomes beautiful → The _ He drinks much water, he becomes thirsty → The _ You speak English much, your English will be good → The _ People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved → The _ You make much money, you spend much → The _ Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 6/ SENTENCES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 Means of transport are cheap, they become popular → The _ We leave early, we will arrive soon → The _ 10 You are young, you learn easily → The _ 11 She is older, she becomes more beautiful → The _ 12 I waited long I got angry → The _ 13 The sun is high, the shadow is low → The _ 14 I know a lot, I forget much → The _ 15 I forget much, I know little → The _ 16 Susan isn’t as good at chemistry as Sarah → Sarah is 17 No one in the group is younger than he → He is the _ 18 Stone isn’t as hard as iron → Iron is _ 19 Tom is the best football player in the team → No one in the team is _ 20 I don’t play the guitar as well as he does → He plays Exercise 5: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it My house is bigger than your house → Your house is The black car is cheaper than the red car → The red car This film is more interesting than that one → That film is My kitchen is smaller than yours → Your kitchen _ My grandmother is older than everyone in my family → My grandmother is the _ No one in my class is as tall as Tam → Tam is the _ I can’t cook as well as my mother → My mother can cook _ He does not play tennis as well as Jack → Jack can I did not spend as much money as you → You spent _ 10 I don’t think this book is as expensive as it is → This book is _ 11 He is the tallest boy in his class Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 7/ SENTENCES 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 → No one in _ This is the most interesting film of all → No other films are No cars in the world are more expensive than Japanese ones → Japanese cars _ This exercise is easier than that one → That exercise is not _ He drives more carefully than Jack does → Jack No one in the group plays better than he → He can No hotel in the city is as comfortable as this → This hotel is the _ Other oceans in the world aren’t as large as the Pacific one → The Pacific Ocean is _ They travel a lot They know much about the world → The more He practices hard He performs well → The harder _ Exercise 6: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it My sister is taller than any other student in the class → My sister is the _ No other cities in Vietnam is as large as Ho Chi Minh city → Ho Chi Minh city _ This story is more interesting than any other story that I have ever heard → This is the _ My father can’t cook as well as my mother does → My mother cooks _ My brother is shorter than any other student in the class → My brother is the Daisy writes slowly She makes a few mistakes → The That writer wrote many stories She became famous → The She started later She got much into traffic jam → The I am as tall as Tam → Tam and I are the 10 He knows more than I → I don’t _ 11 Taking by taxis is more quickly than taking by bus → Taking by bus isn’t _ 12 Linh is a better cook than Hoa → Hoa can’t 13 Apples are usually cheaper than oranges → Apple are not _ 14 The bus takes longer than the train → The train Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 8/ SENTENCES 15 16 17 18 19 20 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SENT TRANSFORM 2016 I can’t cook as well as my mother does → My mother _ He is the most punctual person she has ever met → She has _ That is the most interesting book they have ever had → They have We have never eaten a more delicious dish than this one → This _ Jimmy has never been in a more difficult situation than this → This is Dick seems to spend more when he earns more → The more Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 9/ SENTENCES