CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ ÂM TIẾNG ANH

CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 CHUYÊN ĐỀ I – PHONETICS - CHUYÊN ĐỀ VỀ NGỮ ÂM BÀI PHONETIC SYMBOLS - BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ The symbols vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm): 1.1 The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm đơn): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu) thể hiện) /І/ a village /’vilidʒ/ package /’pækidʒ/ assemblage /ә’semblidʒ/ or e pretty /’priti/ represent deliver /di’livә(r)/ /i/ i sit /sit/ little /’litl/ simple /’simpl/ y happy /’hæpi/ easy /’i:zi/ usually /’ju:ʊli/ / i: / ea lead /li:d/ seaside /’si:said/ meaningful /’mi:niŋfʊl/ ee meet /mi:t/ sheep /ʃi:p/ steel /sti:l/ a many /’meni/ any/eni/ manifold /’menifәʊld/ /e/ e send /send/ recommend comprehend /kәmpri’hend/ ea head /hed/ spread /spred/ headache /‘hedeik/ /æ/ a land /lænd/ brandy /’brændi/ sandy /’sændi/ /ɔ/ o pot /pɔt / spot /spɔt / slot /slɔt / a wash /wɔʃ / what /wɔt / watch /wɔtʃ/ a talk /tɔ:k/ walk /wɔ:k/ water /’wɔ:tә(r)/ aw saw /sɔ:/ lawn /lɔ:n/ pawn /pɔ:n/ / ɔ: / oa broad /brɔ:d/ broaden/’brɔ:dn/ abroad /ә’brɔ:d/ oo door /dɔ:(r)/ floor /flɔ:(r)/ floorage /’flɔ:ridʒ/ or fork /fɔ:k/ sport /spɔ:t/ transport /’trænspɔ:t/ ou fought /fɔ:t/ thought /θɔ:t/ bought /bɔ:t/ o some /sΛm/ come /kΛm/ done /dΛn/ /Λ / u shut /ʃΛt/ muddy /’mΛdi/ budget /’bΛdʒit/ oo blood /blΛd/ flood /flΛd/ bloodless /blΛdlis/ ou tough /tΛf/ enough /i’nΛf/ rough /rΛf/ a task /ta:sk/ fast /fa:stk/ broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/ / ɑ: / ar card /ka:d/ retard /ri’ta:d/ farther /’fa:δәr/ ear heart /ha:t/ hearten /’ha:tәn/ hearth /ha:θ/ /ʊ/ u pull /pʊl/ push /pʊʃ/ pullet /’pʊlet/ or oo good /gʊd/ cook /kʊk/ look /lʊk/ /u/ ou could /kʊld/ would /wʊld/ should /ʃʊld/ u frugal /’fru:gәl/ conclude /kɔn’klu:d/ illusion /i’lu:ʃn/ / u: / oe shoe /ʃu: / shoebill /’ʃu:bil/ shoemaker /’ʃu:meikәr/ oo moon /mu:n/ spoon /spu:n/ smooth /smu:θ/ ui fruit /fru:t/ cruise /kru:s/ recruit /ri’kru:t/ a await /ә’weit/ about /ә’baut/ machine /mә’ʃi:n/ /ә/ o tonight /tә’nait/ potato /pә’teitәu/ tomorrow /tә’mɔrәʊ/ er reader /’ri:dәr/ writer /’raitәr/ cruiser /’kru:sәr/ or actor /’æktәr/ doctor /’dɔktәr/ translator /’trænsleitәr/ er prefer /pri’fз: r/ merchant /’mз:tʃәnt/ merciful /’mз:sifʊl/ / з: / ir shirt /ʃз:t/ skirt /skз:t/ first /fз:st/ ur hurt /hз:t/ furnish /’ʃз:niʃ/ further /’ʃз:δә/ Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 1/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 or word /wз:d/ work /wз:k/ worm /wз:m/ ear heard /hз:d/ earth /з:θ/ earthen /’з:θәn/ The diphthongs and triphthongs (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên đôi, ba): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu) thể hiện) a case /keis/ baby /beibi/ lazy /leizi/ / ei / maid /meid/ maiden /’meidn/ maidenly /’meidnli/ ay say /sei/ clay /klei/ play /plei/ ei eight /eit/ eighthly /’eiθli/ eiranic /ei’rænik/ / / i kite /kait/ night /nait/ mine /main/ y sky /skai/ fly /flai/ satisfy /’sætisfai/ / ɔi / oi soil /sɔil/ coin /kɔin/ spoil /spɔil/ oy employ /im’plɔi/ enjoy /ii’dʒɔi/ employment /im’plɔimnt/ / aʊ / ou mouse /maʊs/ mouth /maʊθ/ surround /sз:’raʊnd/ ow now /naʊ/ power /’paʊ әr/ cowboy /’kaʊ bɔi/ o cold /kәʊld/ scold /skәʊld/ fold /fәʊld/ / әʊ / ow slow /slәʊ/ flow /flәʊ/ show /ʃәʊ/ ew sew /sәʊ/ sewing /sәʊiŋ/ sewn /sәʊn/ / iә / ear hear /hiә(r)/ fear /fiә(r)/ near /niә(r)/ ere here /hiә(r)/ merely /’miәli/ atmosphere /’ætmɔsfiә(r)/ ere therapy /’θeәrәpi/ there /δeә(r)/ thereabout /’δeәrәbaʊt/ / eә / are fare /feә(r)/ share /ʃeә(r)/ stare /steә(r)/ air hair /heә(r)/ fair /feә(r)/ stairs /steә(r)s/ / ʊә / our tour /tʊә(r)/ tourer /tʊәrә/ tourism /’tʊәrizm/ ire tire /taiә/ fire /faiә/ firemen /’faiәmen/ / aiә / yre tyre /taiә/ tyreles /’taiәlis/ tyre-pump /’taiә pΛmp / yer buyer /baiә/ flyer /flaiә/ buyer /baiә/ / әʊә / ower slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ / aʊә / ower shower /ʃaʊә/ power /paʊә/ flower /flaʊә/ our flour /flaʊә/ sour /saʊә/ flour /flaʊә/ / eiә / ayer prayer /preiә/ player /pleiә/ sprayer /spreiә/ eyer greyer /greiә/ greyer /greiә/ greyer /greiә/ / ɔiә / oyer enjoyer /in’dʒɔiә/ enjoyer /in’dʒɔiә/ employer /im’plɔiә/ oyal loyal /’lɔiәl/ loyalty /’lɔiәlti/ loyal /’lɔiәl/ The symbols of the consonant sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm): 2.1 The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm vô thanh): Symbols In of the letters Examples in words sounds (Chữ (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) (Kí hiệu) thể hiện) /p/ p pen /pen/ paint /peint/ people /’pi:pәl/ f five /faiv/ formal /’fɔ:mәl/ family /’fæmili/ /f/ ph physics /’fiziks/ physician /fi’ziʃn/ physical /fi’zikәl/ gh laugh /la:f/ enough /i’nΛf/ rough /rΛf/ Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 2/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 th throw /θrәʊ/ sixth /siksθ/ /θ / thunder /’θΛndә(r)/ /t/ t teach /ti:tʃ/ temple /’tempәl/ tittle /’taitәl/ ed looked /lʊkt/ laughed /la:ft/ stopped /stɔpt/ /s/ s site /sait/ sandy /’sændi/ sample /’sæmpәl/ c centre /’sentә/ century /’sentʃʊri/ cell /sel/ sh sheep /ʃi:p/ sheet /ʃi:t/ English /’iŋliʃ/ /ʃ/ ch machine chaise /ʃeiz/ champagne /ʃæm’pein/ s sugar /’ʃʊgә/ sugary /’ʃʊgәri/ sure /’ʃʊә(r)/ / t∫ / ch choice /tʃɔis/ church /tʃз:tʃ/ chimney /’tʃimni/ t fixture /'fikst∫ә/ future / 'fju:t∫ә/ question / 'kwest∫n/ /k/ k kitchen /’kit∫n/ kiss /kis/ king /kiŋ/ c concert /kɔn’sз:t/ cancel /’kænsәl/ comedy /’kΛmedi/ ch chemist /’kemist/ chemistry /’kemistri/ chemical /’kemikәl/ q quite /kwait/ question / 'kwest∫n/ conquest /’kɔŋkwest/ /h/ h hike /haik/ homeless /’hәʊmlis/ hunger /’hΛŋgә(r)/ wh whoop /hu:p/ whose /hu:z/ wholesale /’hɔʊlseil/ 2.2 The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm hữu thanh): Symbols of the sounds (Kí hiệu) /b/ /v/ /δ / /d/ /z/ /ʒ/ / dʒ / /g/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /r/ /w/ /j/ /ф/ mute cases In letters (Chữ thể hiện) b v f th d ed z s s g j g l m n n ng r w wh y u h k b Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) boy /bɔi/ bamboo /bæm’bu:/ band /bænd/ visit /vizit/ van /væn/ victory /vlktәri/ of /әv/ of /әv/ of /әv/ them /δәm/ with /wiδ/ though /δәʊ/ doctor /’dɔktә(r)/ dancer /dænsә(r)/ done /dΛn/ lived /livd/ earned /з:nd/ cancelled /’kænsәld/ zebra /zi:brә/ zip /zip/ zealot /’zelәt/ visit /’vizit/ visual /’vizjʊәl/ teachers /ti:tʃәz/ vision /’viʒn/ usual /’jʊʒʊәl/ usually /’jʊʒʊәli/ germ /dʒз:m/ gene /dʒi:n/ age /eidʒ/ jam /dʒæm/ jam /dʒæz/ joyful /dʒɔifʊl/ gift /gift/ gain /gein/ girl /gз:l/ little /’litәl/ lamp /læmp/ light /lait/ monk /mɔŋk/ mammal /’mæmәl/ Monday /’mΛndei/ name /neim/ noise /nɔis/ number /nΛmbә/ think /θiŋk/ thank /θæŋk/ sink /siŋk/ sing /siŋ/ thing /θiŋ/ ceiling /’si:liŋ/ rural /’rʊәrәl/ ring /riŋ/ reader /’ri:dә/ wine /wain/ wing /wiŋ/ with /wiδ/ when /wen/ whistle /’wisәl/ whisper /’wispә/ yearly /’jiәli/ youth /ju:θ/ young /jΛŋ/ music /’mju:sik/ unit /’ju:nit/ university /ju:ni’v з:siti/ honest /’ɔ:nist/ hour /aʊә/ heir /aiә/ knight /nait/ knit /nit/ known /nɔʊn/ comb /kɔʊm/ climb /klaim/ debt /det/ Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 3/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 p pneumonia psychology psychiatrist /njʊ’mɔ:niә/ /sai’kɔ:lɔdʒi/ /sai’kiәtrist/ 2.3 The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm chùm phụ âm): Symbols of the sounds (Kí hiệu) / s+ / / p+ / / t+ / / k+ / / b+ / / g+ / / d+ / / f+ / / θ+ / Các kết In letters (Chữ thể hiện) / sp / / st / / sk / / sf / / sm / / sn / / sw / / sj / / pl / / pr / / pj / / tr / / tw / / tj / / kl / / kr / / kw / / kj / / bl / / br / / bj / / gl / / gr / / dr / / dw / / dj / / fl / / fr / / fj / / θr / / θw / / vj / / mj / / ∫r / / nj / / spr / Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) speak /spi:k/ spoil /spɔil/ speaker /’spri:kә/ start /sta:t/ stand /stænd/ stay /stei/ school /skʊl/ skill /skil/ scan /skæn/ sphere /sfiә/ spheral /sfiәrәl/ biosphere /baiә’sfiә/ small /smɔl/ smash /smæʃ/ smell /smel/ snow /snәʊ/ sneeze /sni:z/ sneaky /’sni:ki/ sweet /swi:t/ swim /swim/ swan /swɔn/ super /sjʊpә/ superadd /’sjʊpәræd/ superably /’sjʊpәreibli/ apply /ә’plai/ please /pli:s/ plump /plΛmp/ proud /praʊd/ propose /’prɔpәʊs/ produce /prә’djʊs/ pure /pjʊә/ purely /’pjʊәli/ purify /’pjʊrәfai/ train /trein/ treat /tri:t/ treatment /tri:tmәnt/ twice /twais/ twerp /twз:p/ twicer /’twaisә/ tube /tjʊb/ tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/ tuber /’tjʊ:bә/ class /kla:s/ clean /kli:ns/ clame /kleim/ cream /kri:m/ cry /krai/ creative /kri:’eitiv/ quite /kwait/ quit /kwit/ quest /kwest/ cure /kjʊә/ cute /kjʊt/ cutely /kjʊtli/ blow /blәʊ/ blame /bleim/ bleach /bli:tʃ/ bring /briŋ/ bride /braid/ bridge /bridʒ/ beauty /’bjʊti/ beautify /’bjʊtifai/ beautiful /’bjʊtifʊl/ glass /gla:s/ glim /glim/ glance /gla:ns/ grow /grәʊ/ great /greit/ groom /gru:m/ dream /dri:m/ dread /dred / dreadful /’dredfʊl/ dwell /dwel/ dweller /dwelә/ dwelt /dwel/ duty /djʊti/ dutiful /djʊtifʊl/ dutifully /djʊtifʊli/ flow /flәʊ/ fly /flai/ flame /fleim/ fry /frai/ fright /frait/ fridge /fridʒ/ furious /’fjʊriәs/ few /fjʊ/ furiously /’fjʊriәsli/ throw /θrәʊ/ through /θru:/ threat /θret/ thwart /θwæt/ thwack /θwæk/ thwack /θwæk/ view /vjʊ/ interview /’intәvjʊ/ preview /pri’vjʊ/ mute /mjʊt/ mutual /mjʊtʊәl/ music /mjʊzik/ shrimp /∫rimp/ shriek /∫ri:k/ shrill /∫ril/ nude /njʊd/ nudist /’njʊdist/ nudism /’njʊdizm/ spread /spred/ sprawl /sprɔ:l/ spray /sprei/ Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 4/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 hợp khác / spl / splash /splæʃ/ splat /splæt/ splashy /splæʃi/ / skr / scream /scri:m/ scree /scri: / screen /scri:n/ / str / stream /stri:m/ strawy /strɔ:i/ streak /stri:k/ / skj / scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ / stj / student /’stjʊdnt/ stupid /’stjʊpid/ studio /’stjʊdiәʊ/ / spj / spume /spjʊ:m/ spue /spjʊ:/ spumous /spjʊ:mәs/ / skw / square /skweә/ squarer /’skweәrә/ squander /’skwɔdә/ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A candy B sandy C many D handy A earning B learning C searching D clearing A pays B stays C says D plays A given B risen C ridden D whiten A cough B tough C rough D enough A accident B jazz C stamp D watch A this B thick C maths D thin A gas B gain C germ D good A bought B naught C plough D thought 10 A forks B tables C beds D windows 11 A handed B booked C translated D visited 12 A car B coach C century D cooperate 13 A within B without C clothing D strengthen 14 A has B bag C dad D made 15 A kites B catches C oranges D buzzes 16 A student B stupid C study D studio 17 A wealth B cloth C with D marathon 18 A brilliant B trip C tripe D tip 19 A surgeon B agent C engine D regard Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 5/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 20 A feather B leather C feature D measure Exercise 2: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A geology B psychology C classify D photography A idiom B ideal C item D identical A children B child C mild D wild A both B myth C with D sixth A helped B booked C hoped D waited A name B natural C native D nation A blood B food C moon D pool A comb B plumb C climb D disturb A thick B though C thank D think 10 A flour B hour C pour D sour 11 A dictation B repetition C station D question 12 A dew B knew C sew D few 13 A asked B helped C kissed D played 14 A smells B cuts C opens D plays 15 A decided B hatred C sacred D warned 16 A head B break C bread D breath 17 A blood B tool C moon D spool 18 A height B fine C tidy D cliff 19 A through B them C threaten D thunder 20 A fought B country C bought D ought Exercise 3: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A moon B pool C door D cool Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 6/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 A any B apple C hat D cat A book B blood C look D foot A pan B woman C sad D man A table B lady C labor D captain A host B most C cost D post A dear B beard C beer D heard A work B coat C go D know A name B flame C man D fame 10 A how B town C power D slow 11 A harm B wash C call D talk 12 A brought B ought C thought D though 13 A call B curtain C cell D contain 14 A measure B decision C pleasure D permission 15 A drought B fought C brought D bought 16 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents 17 A deal B teach C break D clean 18 A supported B approached C noticed D finished 19 A unity B suite C studious D volume 20 A climber B subtle C debtor D probable Exercise 4: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A loved B appeared C agreed D coughed A thereupon B thrill C threesome D throne A chin B chaos C child D charge A wasted B practiced C laughed D jumped Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 7/ SOUNDS CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) SOUNDS 2016 A coast B most C lost D whole A energy B gain C gesture D village A population B nation C question D station A meat B sweat C leaf D seat A antibiotic B pant C ant D want 10 A height B myth C type D climb 11 A bush B rush C pull D lunar 12 A bought B sought C drought D fought 13 A killed B cured C crashed D waived 14 A thunder B prefer C grocer D louder 15 A tells B talks C stays D steals 16 A stomach B watch C change D church 17 A attacks B repeats C roofs D trays 18 A drought B fought C brought D bought 19 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents 20 A name B nation C native D natural Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 8/ SOUNDS