CHUYÊN ĐỀ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ TIẾNG ANH

CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 BÀI RELATIVE CLAUSES - MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ I Relative pronouns: Subject Object Possessive For persons who whom/who whose that that For things which which whose/of which that that WHO: Là đại từ quan hệ người, dùng để thay cho danh từ người, làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ cho mệnh đề quan hệ e.g The man who told you I was out met me in the park The person who you wanted to see died days ago This is the lady who helped my mom That’s the one who we need to contact WHOM: Là đại từ quan hệ người, dùng để thay cho danh từ người, làm tân ngữ cho mệnh đề quan hệ e.g That’s the one whom we need to contact The person whom you wanted to see died days ago The one to whom he wanted to talk was out Mr Ba, from whom we got news, was escaped yesterday WHOSE: Là tính từ quan hệ người, dùng để thay cho tính từ sở hữu, kết hợp với danh từ, làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ cho mệnh đề quan hệ e.g This is the lady whose son cheated me The country whose people were struggling against floods announced the situation of disasters yesterday WHICH: Là đại từ quan hệ vật, dùng để thay cho danh từ vật, làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ e.g The book which you liked was sold This is the bike which is my birthday present The house, which was on fire, was built long ago THAT: Là đại từ quan hệ thay thế, dùng để thay cho đại từ quan hệ WHO, WHICH, làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ cho mệnh đề quan hệ, sử dụng câu chẻ e.g The book that you liked was sold The one that told you I was out met me in the park This is the bike that I want to buy The person that you wanted to see died days ago WHEN: Là trạng từ quan hệ thời gian, sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ trạng ngữ thời gian e.g The day when she left was rainy The time when we reunite is uncertain WHERE: Là trạng từ quan hệ nơi chốn, sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ trạng ngữ nơi chốn e.g This is the house where he lived in his childhood The place where we play football is a football ground WHY: Là trạng từ quan hệ lí do, nguyên nhân, sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ trạng ngữ nguyên nhân e.g The reason why she left was unknown That’s why we are worrying now II Relative clauses: Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 Defining clauses (Restrictive Relative Clauses): Đây loại mệnh đề quan hệ xác định cần thiết có mặt để câu có nghĩa, câu không đảm bảo ngữ nghĩa (Chủ từ chưa xác định) e.g The man who keeps the library is Mr Green (The man is Mr Green rõ, The man keeps the library không rõ ai) That is the book that I like best (là mà thích sách) Non-defining clauses (Non- Restrictive Relative Clauses): Đây loại mệnh đề không cần thiết có mặt mà câu có nghĩa, câu đảm bảo ngữ nghĩa tiền ngữ (chủ từ) xác định Loại mệnh đề thường cách mệnh đề dấu phảy, thường có tính từ hay đại từ định hay sở hữu như: this, that, these, those, his, my,… e.g That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr Pike This is Mrs Jones, who helped me last week Mary, whose sister I know, has won an Oscar III Reduced clauses: Mệnh đề rút gọn Present Participle Phrases: (V-ING phrases replace relative clauses) Có thể dùng ngữ danh động từ V-ING để thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ động từ mệnh đề thể chủ động e.g The man who is sitting next to you is Mr Mike → The man sitting next to you is Mr Pike Do you know the boy who broke the window yesterday? → Do you know the boy breaking the window yesterday? Past Participle Phrases: (V-ED phrases replace relative clauses) Có thể dùng ngữ tính từ V-ED để thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ động từ mệnh đề thể bị động e.g The man who was arrested by the police is Mr Mike → The man arrested by the police is Mr Pike Do you know the boy who was punished by the headmaster yesterday? → Do you know the boy punished by the headmaster yesterday? Infinitive Phrases: (to V phrases replace relative clauses) Có thể dùng ngữ động từ to infinitives để thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ trường hợp mệnh đề có chứa từ FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, LAST, ONLY dùng với cấu trúc “for O + to V”, số mệnh đề mang tính ràng buộc nhiệm vụ… e.g English is an important language which we have to master → English is an important language to master/ for us to master He is the only one who knows the answer → He is the only one to know the answer Noun Phrases: (Noun phrases replace relative clauses) Có thể dùng một cụm danh từ để thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ mệnh đề mang ngữ danh từ (thường nghề nghiệp) e.g Mr Ba, who is our new form teacher, is a good teacher → Mr Ba, our new form teacher, is a good teacher The man who is the new manager of the office is still young → The man - the new manager of the office - is still very young Adjectival Phrases: (Adjectival phrases replace relative clauses) Có thể dùng một cụm tính từ để thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ e.g The streets which are crowded with population have no interest in learning Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 → The streets crowded with population have no interest in learning The jobs which are easy to get are not always well-paid → The jobs easy to get are not always well-paid IV Cleft sentences: Câu chẻ hình thức đặc biệt câu phức sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để nhấn mạnh tới thành tố câu chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, hay trạng ngữ Dưới ba hình thức câu chẻ điển hình: Subject focus: Nhấn mạnh tới chủ ngữ, chủ thể hành động đối tượng đề cập S - V → It be S that/ who V e.g Nam helped me a lot → It was Nam who helped me a lot The book tells us a romantic story → It is the book that tells us a romantic story He showed me the way here → It was he who showed me the way here Object focus: Nhấn mạnh tới tân ngữ, chủ thể nhận hay chịu tác động hành động S - V - O → It be O that - S - V e.g She bought the dictionary → It was the dictionary that she bought We saw Mai at the party → It was Mai that we saw at the party Adverbials focus: Nhấn mạnh tới trạng ngữ, đề cập tới thời gian, nơi chốn, cách thức, phương pháp hành vi S - V - A → It be A that S - V e.g We first met in this park → It was in this park that we first met She left on a rainy day → It was on a rainy day that she left BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise Fill in each gap with a suitable relative pronoun: which, that, whose, whom, who, where, when, why, or which Here is the beach is the safest for swimmers Mr Bike will buy the house _ is opposite to my house I’ve ever read the book Huong gave me yesterday The man I saw last weekend said something totally different The town we are living is noisy and crowded Sunday is the day we usually go fishing on Sunday is the day we usually go fishing The boy sister is in my class can speak Japanese and Korean languages The dictionary _ is on the table belongs to Long 10 He wore a hat made him look like a cowboy 11 The year we came to live here was 1975 12 I wish to see the factory your father used to work 13 Mr David, son studies with us, has never been to Vietnam 14 A bricklayer is a person builds houses 15 We’re going to London, is famous for Big Ben 16 This house, Pele used to live, is being made into a museum 17 That’s the house I was born in 18 The student did this exercise might be very intelligent 19 Peter couldn’t come to the party last night, was really a pity 20 Ly Duc, won gold medals at the Games, comes from Vietnam Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 Exercise Fill in each gap with a suitable relative pronoun: which, that, whose, whom, who, where, when, why, or which Stop him He’s the man stole my wallet Mr David, _comes from England, has never been to Vietnam I’m staying with the boy brother looks very handsome He talked about the books and writers made us bored The city I lived as a child has been pulled down now Henry, you’ll meet tomorrow, is also a member of the board Can you answer the questions I ask you? The lady son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school The woman book I borrowed is very generous 10 He is the only friend I like 11 He can’t swim, makes me surprised 12 We are visiting Ha Long, is in the north of Viet Nam 13 This is the place the battle took place 40 years ago 14 The town we are living in is noisy 15 They have invented a television set is small as a watch 16 We visited children parents are dead 17 I’m talking about Tom, is really friendly 18 I’ll never forget the day I first met her 19 This is the hotel we stayed last summer 20 Tell me the reason you have cancelled the tour Exercise Replace the relative clause in each of the following sentences by a suitable phrase using the –ing, -ed, or to infinitive form Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon → I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country → The children who attend that school receive a good education → The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress → They live in a house that was built in 1980 → We have an apartment which overlooks the park → Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flew into space → We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building → I come from a city which is located in the southern part of the country → 10 The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals → 11 Do you know the woman who is coming toward us? → ? 12 The people who were waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet → 13 I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 → 14 They live in a house that was built in 1890 → 15 He was the first man who left the burning building → 16 The couple who live in the house next door are both college professors → 17 The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet → 18 The students who did not come to the class yesterday explain their absence to the teacher → 19 Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting? → ? 20 Lan is the second student who entered the classroom this morning → Exercise Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence Mr Pike, is our boss ,has just come back from Paris A who B whom C which D that The botanists are examining the plants were brought from Africa A who B whom C which D that Do you know the hotel ? A at which she is staying B where she is staying C she is staying at D all are correct That is the new teacher about the students are talking A that B who C whose D whom This subject going to discuss, is very important A which we are B which are we C that we are D A and C are correct The scientist invention was a success became famous A who B whose C which D that I knew some people A who could help you B whom could help you C whose help could you D could help you That is the dress A which made by Mary B which making by Mary C was made by Mary D made by Mary The bicycle is very modern A I told you about which B which about I told you C about I told you which D about which I told you 10 Many diseases are no longer dangerous today A why people died of year ago B which people died years ago C of that people died years ago D that people died of years ago 11 Have you made a decision on the day ? A which you will set off B when you will set off B at which you will set off D where you will set off Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 12 The road is shaded with trees A on which we go to school every day C from which we go to school every day B at which we go to school every day D where we go to school every day 13 I’m standing at the window A in which I can see the lake B where I can see the lake C at which I can see the lake D from which I can see the lake 14 I’ll show you the second hand bookshop A when you can find valuable old books B why you can find valuable old books C where you can find valuable old books D which you can find valuable old books 15 Lan’s marriage has been arranged by her family She is marrying a man A that she hardly knows him B whom she hardly knows him C she hardly knows D she hardly knows him 16 I come from the Seattle area, many successful companies such as Microsoft and Boeing are located A which B that C where D whom 17 They have just visited the town location was little known A where B whose C which D that 18 one of the most creative artists in rock ‘n roll, came from California A Frank Zappa, who was B Frank Zappa was C Frank Zappa, that was D Frank Zappa whom was 19 He came to the party wearing only a pair of shorts and a T-shirt, was a stupid thing to A who B whom C which D that 20 He lives in a small town A where is called Taunton B which is called Taunton C is called Taunton D that called Taunton Exercise Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence The house is more than 100 years old A where I live B in where I live C in that I live D where I live in want to get a good job have to have certain qualifications and experience A Who B Those which C Those who D Those whom Wild fires are common is the forest areas of Australia, of the US and Canada, the climate is moist A in where B in that C where D which King Henry, was Elizabeth I, led England into the Age of Empire A daughter B whom daughter C which daughter D whose daughter Frank invited Janet, , to the party A met in Japan B meeting in Japan Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 C whom he had met in Japan D that he had met in Japan The singer, most recent recording has had much success, is signing autographs A whose B that C who D whom He likes shopping between 1.00 and 3.00 pm, most people are at home A when B where C in which D at that Linda, to _ many of her students are writing, is living happily and peacefully in Canada A who B whom C that D whose The fishermen and their boats were off the coast three days ago have just been reported to be missing A which B that C who D whom 10 The banker to I gave my check was quite friendly A who B that C whom D which 11 Birds make nests in trees they can hide their young in the leaves and branches A which B where C that D in that 12 He lent me yesterday A the book I need B the book when I need C which book I need D the book whose I need 13 cheat on the exam have to leave the room A Those B Who C Those whom D Those who 14 really a fish, has no brain, no bones, and no face A A jelly fish is not B A jelly fish, it is not C A jelly fish, which is not D A jelly fish, that is not 15 Ann had been sleeping in the back of the car She felt quite fresh and wanted to go on A Ann, that felt quite fresh and wanted to go on, had been sleeping in the back of the car B Ann, who felt quite fresh and wanted to go on, had been sleeping in the back of the car C Ann, felt quite fresh and wanted to go on, had been sleeping in the back of the car D Ann, whom felt quite fresh and wanted to go on, had been sleeping in the back of the car 16 She was dancing with a student a slight limp A who had B with whom hadC with that have D by whom had 17 My father works for a construction company in A Winchester, which is a city in the U.K B Winchester that is a city in the U.K C Winchester is a city in the U.K D Winchester where is a city in the U.K 18 I saw a lot of new people at the party, seemed familiar A some of whom B some of who C whom D some of that 19 My friend eventually decided to quit her job, upset me a lot A that B when C which D who 20 He is the man car was stolen last week Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 A whom B that C which D whose Exercise Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence The problem has been discussed in class A that are very interested in B which are very interested C which we are very interested in D are very interested They have just found the couple and their car were swept away during the heavy storm last week A that B which C whose D when It was the worst winter anyone could remember A when B which C where D why I would like to know the reason he decided to quit the job A why B which C that D when instructed me how to make a good preparation for a job interview A John Robbins to that I spoke by telephone, B John Robbins, that I spoke to by telephone, C John Robbins I spoke to by telephone, D John Robbins, whom I spoke to by telephone, He was always coming up with new ideas, were absolutely impracticable A most of whom B that C most of which D most of that She always had wanted to go to places she could speak her native tongue A that B in that C which D where February is the month many of my colleagues take skiing holidays A when B that C in that D which There was no one A I could ask for help B when I could ask for help C I could ask whom for help D for that I could ask for help 10 The children were quite attracted by the tamer and his animals were performing on the stage A that B which C whom D who 11 Is there anything else you want to ask? A what B where C whom D that 12 The man 15 minutes measuring our kitchen is very kind A whom spent B that spent C spending D B and C are correct 13 to the city designed these flats A Architect who has moved B The architect who have moved C The architect having moved D The architect whom having moved 14 Tom, tired, had been driving all day A that was B whom was C of whom he was D being 15 I am looking after some children. A terribly spoilt B being terribly spoilt C of whom are terribly spoilt D are terribly spoilt 16 David, you all know, is going to talk about careers A that B whom C by whom D who 17 Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 A Do you see my pen I have just written the lesson with which? B Do you see my pen with which I have just written the lesson it? C Do you see my pen which I have just written the lesson with it? D Do you see my pen which I have just written the lesson with? 18 The film is about a spy His wife betrays him A The film is about a spy by whom his wife is betrayed B The film is about a spy betraying his wife C The film is about a spy who betrays his wife D The film is about a spy betrayed by his wife 19 He took me to an expensive restaurant _ we enjoyed a good meal A where B which C when D that 20 The young man is very kind to my family A to live next door B he lives next door C living next door D lived next door Exercise 7: Find the ONE among the underlined and marked A, B, C, D in each of the following sentences that needs correcting: We will go to see the film “Titanic” if the weather is fine or not A B C D Had he planned on going, he will have let us know A B C D If you hadn’t left the car unlocked, it wouldn’t have be stolen A B C D On the way home, we saw a lot of men, women, and dogs which were playing in the park A B C D Both Mr and Mrs Smith are explaining the children the rules of the game A B C D You can enjoy a sport without joining in a club or belonging to a team A B C D Unlike many writings of her time, she was not preoccupied with morality A B C D The man whom remained in the office was the manager A B C D This novel, which written by a well-known writer, should be read A B C D 10 My friend George, that arrived late, was not permitted to enter the class A B C D 11 The tongue is the principle organ of taste, and is crucial for chewing, swallowed, and speaking A B C D 12 If Monique had not attended the party, she never would meet her old friend Dan, whom she had not seen in years A B C D 13 A smaller percentage of British students go on to farther or higher education than any other European country A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 14 The proposal has repealed after a thirty-minutes discussion and a number of objections to its failure to include our district A B C D 15 This is the only place which we can obtain scientific information A B C D 16 Chemistry is one branch of science on that most of the industries depend A B C D 17 1975 is the year in when the revolution took place A B C D 18 Mr Brown, that teaches me English, is coming today A B C D 19 Jim is very goodness with his hands A B C D 20 A galaxy, where may include billions of stars, is held together by gravitation attraction A B C D Exercise 8: Find the ONE among the underlined and marked A, B, C, D in each of the following sentences that needs correcting: The hotel where we stay in last year was excellent A B C D At last they found the woman and her cat which were badly injured by the fire A B C D They have told me some information most of whom is very useful A B C D New Year day is the day where all my family members gather and enjoy it together A B C D The little boy was lost and spoke in an afraid voice A B C D Both sides have at last agreed with a United Nations plan to end the fighting A B C D Pupils sometimes suffer in a test when the questions are written in a language which is not his mother tongue A B C D The country’s chief exports is oil and gas A B C D Do you know the reason when English men travel to the left? A B C D 10 The car who I bought used to be my father’s A B C D 11 Alan said that it was she which had stolen his suitcase A B C D 12 Stratford is the town there William Shakespeare, a great English playwright was born and died A B C D 13 I really don’t know the reason on which Sam was sacked A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 10 RELATIVES CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu bậc) RELATIVES 2016 14 The biggest city in Brazil is Sao Paulo which population is over million A B C D 15 She is one of my relatives whom get a Ph.D degree A B C D 16 After writing it, the essay must be duplicated by the student himself and handed into the department secretary before the end of the month A B C D 17 They are known that colds can be avoided by eating the right kind of food and taking exercise regularly A B C D 18 Before the invention of the printing press, books have been all printed by hand A B C D 19 The medical problems of parents and their children tend to be very similar to because of the hereditary nature of many diseases A B C D 20 Janet, her father is our teacher, is very good at mathematics A B C D Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 Trang 11 RELATIVES [...]...CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỰ HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH (theo tham chiếu Châu Âu 6 bậc) RELATIVES 2016 14 The biggest city in Brazil is Sao Paulo which population is over 5 million A B C D 15 She is one of my relatives whom get a Ph.D degree