Tôi rất tiếc là bạn không thể đến được.. Đó là một cái bánh rắn đến nỗi anh ấy không thể ăn được AFTER + S1 + PAST PERFECT + S2 + SIMPLE PAST After I had entered the house, it began to
Trang 1I/ - SENTENCE BUILDINGS (CÁC CẤU TRÚC CÂU HAY THI)
S + BE + ADJ + TO_INF
I am happy to see you here
S + BE + ADJ + CLAUSE
I’m sorry (that) you can’t come (Tôi rất tiếc là bạn không thể đến được.)
S + BE/V + TOO + ADJ/ADV + (FOR + O) + TO_INF
( quá nên không thể )
S + BE/V + ADJ/ADV + ENOUGH + (FOR + O) + TO_INF
( đủ để làm gì )
Tom is old enough to go to school (Tom đủ tuổi để đi học)
IT + BE + ADJ + (FOR + O) + TO_INF
It is important for everybody to know English
(Mọi người biết Tiếng Anh thì rất quan trọng)
IT + BE + ADJ + THAT _ CLAUSE
It is splendid that you passed the exam
IT + BE + ADJ + OF + O + TO_INF
It’s kind of you to help me (Bạn thật tử tế khi đã giúp tôi)
IT + BE + ADJ + THAT + S + (SHOULD) + BARE INF
It’s necessary that we (should) study English regularly
(Thật là cần thiết khi chúng ta học tiếng Anh thường xuyên)
IT WAS NOT UNTIL THAT (Mãi cho đến mới )
It was not until midnight that the noise next door stopped
(Mãi đến nửa đêm tiếng ồn trước nhà mới hết)
S + BE/GET + USED TO + N/V_ing (Quen với)
I am used to staying up late
I am used to the heat because I have been living here for a long time
S + USED TO + BARE INF ( đã từng )
He used to have a long hair (Anh ấy từng để tóc dài)
IT + TAKES/TOOK/WILL TAKE/ HAS TAKEN + (O) + TIME + TO_INF
(Ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì)
It takes him thirty minutes to write a letter
It took me two hours to repair the computer last night
S + HAVE/GET + O(st) + PP (Nhờ ai đó làm việc gì)
S + HAVE + O(so) + BARE INF = S + GET + O(so) + TO_INF
We are going to have/get our car repaired next week
(Chúng tôi sẽ nhờ người sửa xe cho chúng tôi)
I have my brother repair my bike/ I get my brother to repair my bike
(Tôi nhờ anh tôi sửa xe đạp cho tôi)
SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT = SUCH + (A/AN) + ADJ + N + THAT ( quá đến nỗi )
The film was so good that I saw it three times (bộ phim hay đến nỗi tôi đã xem nó 3 lần)
It was such a hard cake that he couldn’t eat it
(Đó là một cái bánh rắn đến nỗi anh ấy không thể ăn được)
AFTER + S1 + PAST PERFECT + S2 + SIMPLE PAST
After I had entered the house, it began to rain (Sau khi tôi vào nhà thì trời bắt đầu mưa)
S1 + V + THAT + S2 + (SHOULD) + BARE INF
We insist that a meeting (should) be held as soon as possible
Trang 2(Chúng tôi nài nỉ một cuộc họp sẽ được tổ chức càng sớm càng tốt)
S1 + WISH + (THAT) + S2 + PAST/PAST PERFECT/WOULD INF
I wish I knew English well (Câu ước ở hiện tại)
I wish hat I had gone to the party last Sunday (câu ước ở quá khứ)
I wish I could go to England some day (câu ước ở hiện tại, tương lai)
S1 + PRESENT PERFECT + SINCE + S2 + SIMPLE PAST
He has worked as a pilot since he left university
(Anh ấy đã làm phi công từ khi anh ấy học xong đại học)
IT IS + TIME + SINCE + S + SIMPLE PAST (Đã kể từ khi )
It is over six months since John last had his hair cut (Đã 6 tháng kể từ khi John cắt tóc)
IT + BE + PHRASE + THAT CLAUSE (chính là )
It is the manager, not his assistant, that I want to see
(Chính ông quản lí, chứ không phải người phụ tá của ông ấy, là người tôi muốn gặp)
NEITHER + S1 + NOR + S2 + V (cả lẫn đều không )
(động từ chia theo chủ ngữ đứng sau “nor”)
Neither my brother nor I am good at French /Neither I nor my brother is good at French
(Cả anh của tôi và tôi đều không giỏi tiếng Pháp)
NOT ONLY BUT ALSO / BUT AS WELL (Không những mà còn )
He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me
(Không những anh ấy tiêu hết tiền mà còn mượn một ít của tôi)
NOT ONLY + AUX + S1 + V + BUT + S2 + ALSO / AS WELL
(Không những mà còn - đảo ngữ của mẫu câu trên)
Not only did he refuse to take the medicine but he also hit the nurse
S1 + HAD + NO SOONER + PP + THAN + S2 + SIMPLE PAST
S1 + HAD + HARDLY/SCARELY + PP + WHEN + S2 + SIMPLE PAST
( vừa mới thì )
I had no sooner opened the door than the telephone rang
(Tôi vừa mở cửa vào thì điện thoại reo)
I had scarely closed the door when somebody started to knock
(Tôi vừa đóng cửa thì có ai đó gõ cửa)
NO SOONER + HAD + S + PP + THAN + S + SIMPLE PAST
HARDLY/SCARELY + HAD + S + PP + WHEN + S + SIMPLE PAST
No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again
NO MATER HOW + ADJ/ADV + S + V , (Dù thế nào đi nữa )
No matter how intelligent you may be, you should be careful about this
(Dù bạn thông minh thế nào đi nữa thì bạn cũng nên cẩn thận về điều này)
PREFER + V_ing/N + TO + V_ing/N
= PREFER + TO_INF + RATHER THAN + BARE INF
= WOULD RATHER + BARE INF + THAN + BARE INF
= WOULD RATHER + BARE INF + O1 + THAN + O2
= LIKE + V_ing/N + BETTER THAN + V_ing/N
(cả 5 mẫu câu này đều có nghĩa là “thích hơn”)
Tom prefers reading to talking (Tom thích đọc hơn nói)
Tom would rather read than talk (Tom thích đọc hơn nói)
Tom likes reading better than talking (Tom thích đọc hơn nói)
II/ SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
TO_INF + BE + ADJ → IT + BE + ADJ + TO_INF
Trang 3IT + BE + ADJ + G
HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE) + TO_INF
To sit here with you is so nice → It’s so nice to sit here with you
→ It’s so nice sitting here with you → How nice (it is) to sit here with you
(Ngồi đây với bạn thật tuyệt)
TO_INF + BE + ADJ/N → S + V + IT + ADJ/N + TO_INF
To be there on time is important → I find it important to be there on time
(Tôi nhận thấy có mặt ở đó đúng giờ thì rất quan trọng)
Living on my salary must be hard
> I find it hard to live on my salary
(Tôi thấy khó sống dựa trên lương của mình)
THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ → S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE
That we should keep calm is important → I think it important that we should keep calm
(Quan trọng là chúng ta phải giữ bình tĩnh)
TOO + ADJ + FOR + TO_INF → SO + ADJ + THAT
.SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT
The tea was too hot for me to drink (Trà nóng quá tôi không thể uống)
→ The tea was so hot that I couldn’t drink it (Trà nóng đến nỗi tôi không thể uống được)
→ It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it (Đõ là một tách trà nóng đến nỗi tôi k thể uống đc)
It is time for S.b to do S.th = it's time that S.b did smth
eg: It's very high time for you to go now
> It's very high time that you went now
(Lưu ý đôi khi nếu gặp IT WAS TIME thì vế đằng sau các em phải chia thành had done – lùi
1 thì phải ko nào?)
ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF → SO + ADJ + THAT
.SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT
This song is simple enough for all of us to sing (Bài hát này đủ đơn giản để tất cả chúng ta hát)
→ This song is so simple that all of us can sing it
(Bài hát này đơn giản đến nỗi tất cả chúng ta đều hát được)
→ It is such a simple song that all of us can sing it
SO + ADJ + THAT → TOO + ADJ + FOR + TO_INF
SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF
The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it → The jacket is too small for me to wear
So + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
eg: The box was so heavy that the children couldn’t carry it
> It was such a heavy box that the children couldn’t carry it
TOO + ADJ + FOR + TO_INF ↔ ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR TO_INF
The tea was too hot for her to drink ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink
SO + ADJ + THAT ↔ SUCH + (A + ADJ) + N + THAT
It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden
→ The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden
Trang 4Lưu ý đôi khi còn có thể gặp đảo ngữ:
à So lovely is the weather that we spend the whole day in the garden
ALTHOUGH/THOUGH + CLAUSE (Mặc dù nhưng )
↔ DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF + N/V_ing/THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE
Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car
→ In spite of/ Despite his broken leg/ his leg being broken, he managed to get out of his car
→ In spite of/ Despite the fact that his leg was broken, he managed to get out of his car
(Dù chân gãy nhưng anh ấy vẫn ra được khỏi xe)
In spite of being tired, they stayed until they found out what happened
> Although they were very tired, they ……
BECAUSE + CLAUSE ↔ BECAUSE OF + (ADJ) + N (Bởi vì )
Because she behaves well, everybody loves her
↔ Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her
IF NOT = UNLESS (Nếu không thì/ Trừ phi )
He’ll die if nobody brings him to hospital ↔ Unless somebody brings him to hosital, he’ll die (Anh ấy sẽ chết nếu không có ai đưa tới bệnh viện/ Trừ phi có người đưa anh ấy đến bệnh viện, anh
ấy sẽ chết)
REAL PAST SITUATION ↔ IF + PAST PERFECT
(điều kiện có thật ở quá khứ) (câu điều kiện loại 3)
We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money
↔ If we had had enough money, we would/could have gone on holiday
Mẹo: Tình huống được đưa ra ở hiện tại, kết quả ở hiện tại/tương lai thì chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2 Tình huống đưa ra ở quá khứ, kết quả ở quá khứ thì chuyển sang ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3 Cũng có thể gặp dạng CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TRỘN nếu tình huống đưa ra ở quá khứ và kết quả ở hiện tại
a) I can't see the play because it is solded out
> If the play weren’t solded out, I could see it
(nếu vở kịch ko bị bán hết vé (hiện tại), tôi có thể xem nó
(IF ONLY/I WISH the play weren’t sold out) b) We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money
-> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday
(Nếu chúng tôi đã có đủ tiền, chúng tôi đã có thể đi nghỉ mát)
PAST SITUATION ↔ WISH + HAD + PP
FUTURE WOULD + INF
(Điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại/quá khứ/ tương lai -> ước )
I am sorry that I didn’t go to the library last Sunday
(Tôi tiếc không đi tới thư viện chủ nhật trước)
↔ I wish that I had gone to the party last Sunday (Tôi ước chủ nhật trước đã không đi tới thư viện)
S + PRESENT PERFECT ↔ IT IS + TIME SINCE + SIMPLE PAST
I haven’t seen her for three weeks ↔ It’s three weeks since I last saw her
S + V (present perfect) + time
It is + time + since + clause (V-simple past)
a) Tom and Mary have been married for 5 years
à It is 5 years since Tom and Mary got married
b) I haven’t seen my parents for one month
Trang 5à It's one month since I last saw my parents
S + HAVEN’T + PP ↔ FIRST TIME + S + HAVE + PP
I haven’t seen that man here before ↔ It’s the first time I have seen that man here
S + SIMPLE PAST AGO ↔ S + HAVE BEEN + V_ing + SINCE/FOR
I started working for the company a year ago
↔ I’ve been working for the company for a year
↔ I’ve been working for the company since last year
S + HAVEN’T + PP SINCE ↔ S + LAST + SIMPLE PAST WHEN
THE LAST TIME WAS
Laurence hasn’t seen her sister since she left for Japan
(Laurence đã không gặp chị cô ấy từ khi đi học ở Nhật Bản)
↔ Laurence last saw her sister when she left for Japan
(Laurence gặp chị cô ấy lần cuối cùng khi cô ấy đi học ở Nhật Bản)
Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding
(Kể từ khi Barbara cưới, Lucy đã không mặc chiếc áo đó nữa)
↔ The last time Lucy wore that dress was Barbara’s wedding
(Lần cuối cùng khi Lucy mặc chiếc áo đó là khi cưới Barbara)
S + V TIME ↔ IT + TAKE + (O) + TIME + TO_INF
I spend thirty minutes a day studying/ to study English
(Mỗi ngày tôi dành 30 phút học Tiếng Anh)
↔ It takes me 30 minutes a day to study English
We wrote a letter in two hours ↔ It took us two hours to write a letter
S + V + NOT UNTIL ↔ IT WAS NOT UNTIL THAT
(Mãi cho đến mới )
He couldn’t speak French well until the second year
↔ It was not until the second year that he could speak French well
(Mãi đến năm thứ 2 anh ấy mới nói tiếng Pháp giỏi)
S + V + O ↔ HAVE + O(sb) + INF/ HAVE + O(st) + PP
The garage is going to repair the car for us next week
(Garage sẽ sửa xe cho chúng tôi vào tuần sau)
↔ We are going to have our car repaired next week
(Tuần sau chúng tôi sẽ nhờ người sửa xe)
(get smb to do smth = have smb do smth ; thể bị động truyền khiến đều là HAVE/GET SMTH DONE)
NGOÀI RA CÓ THỂ GẶP DẠNG CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU TỪ CHỦ ĐỘNG SANG BỊ ĐỘNG THÔNG THƯỜNG (CÁC EM TỰ ÔN TẬP LẠI NHÉ)
Trang 6- Động từ Tobe chia theo thì của động từ giới thiệu (say, know )
- PP1: là hình thức quá khứ phân từ của động từ giới thiệu
- PP2 là hình thức quá khứ phân từ của động từ nằm trong mệnh đề sau THAT They say that he speaks English well
↔ It is said that he speaks English well
↔ He is said to speak English well
People rumoured that he (had) died in the battle
↔ It was rumoured that he (had) died in battle
↔ He was rumoured to have died in battle
NOT SO/AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS ↔ ADJ/ADV + ER + THAN
MORE + ADJ/ADV
I can’t cook as well as my mother does ↔ My mother cooks better than I do/I can/me (Tôi không nấu ăn giỏi như mẹ tôi) (Mẹ tôi nấu ăn giỏi hơn tôi)
I don’t know so much about it as she does ↔ She knows a lot more about it than I do
ADJ/ADV + ER + THAN ↔ THE + ADJ/ADV + EST MORE + ADJ/ADV MOST + ADJ/ADV
This novel is more interesting than any other novel that I have ever read
(Quyển tiểu thuyết này hay hơn bất cứ cuốn tiểu thuyết nào mà tôi đã từng đọc)
↔ This is the most interesting novel I have ever read
(Đây là quyển tiểu thuyết hay nhất tôi đã từng đọc)
Have you got a cheaper carpet than this? ↔ Is this the cheapest carpet you’ve got?
No one in the group is younger than her
> She’s the youngest in the group
(Không ai trẻ hơn à Cô ấy là người trẻ nhất)
Lưu ý cả cấu trúc so sánh kép: The + comparative + S + V, The + comparative + S + V,
As I get older, I want to travel less
> The older I get, the less I want to travel
NO SOONER THAN ↔ HARDLY/ONLY JUST WHEN
NO SOONER THAN HARDLY/SCARELY WHEN
He had hardly left the office when the phone rang
↔ No sooner had he left the office than the phone rang
I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back
↔ Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back
V + NOT + V + NOT (EITHER) ↔ NEITHER NOR
( không cũng không )
My sister is not very in telligent I am not very intelligent
(Chị tôi không thông minh lắm Tôi không thông minh lắm)
Trang 7↔ Neither my sister nor I am very intelligent./ Neither I nor my sister is very intelligent
(Cả chị tôi và tôi đều không thông minh lắm)
The moon doesn’t have an atmosphere; the planet Mars doesn’t either
↔ Neither the moon nor the planet Mars has an atmosphere
He didn’t know where John was and I didn’t either
↔ Neither he nor I knew where John was ↔ Neither of us knew where John was
“WHY DON’T YOU + V ?” ↔ S + SUGGESTED THAT
(Gợi ý ai làm gì?)
“Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, John?” Jane said
↔ Jane suggested that John (should) put a better lock on the door
S + PAST SIMPLE ↔ V_ing
DIDN’T NOT + V_ing
HAD + PP HAVING + PP
(Rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ)
The mother smiled happily She took the baby in her arms
↔ Smiling hapily, the mother took the baby in her arms
Because he didn’t know the language, he found it hard to get work
↔ Not knowing the language, he found it hard to get work
Mr Brown had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again
↔ Having failed twice, Mr Brown didn’t want to try again
CÂU TRỰC TIẾP – GIÁN TIẾP (TỰ HỌC LẠI LÝ THUYẾT CHUẨN PHẦN NÀY CÁC
EM NHÉ) VD:
A) Tom ask me, “what’s her name ?”
à Tom ask me what her name was
b) she said: “are you hungry,Tom ?”
à she asked Tom if he was hungry
c) Mary said to Tom “open the door, please”
à Mary asked Tom to open the door
d) he said to them : “Don’t be late tomorrow “
à He told them not to be late the following day
ADJECTIVES ↔ VERBS
It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday
↔ You needn’t finish/ don’t need to fiish by Saturday
(Bạn không cần hoàn thành trước thứ 7)
It is impossible for roses to be grown in such poor ground
↔ Roses can’t posibly grow in such poor ground
(Không thể trồng hoa ở đất cằn cỗi này)
VERBS ↔ NOUNS
He decided to leave home ↔ He made a decision to leave home
(Anh ấy quyết định đi khỏi nhà)
I didn’t intend to stay here ↔ I had no intention of staying here
(Tôi không định ở đây)
The patient recovered more rapidly than expected
↔ The patient made a more rapid recovery than expected
(Bệnh nhân phục hồi nhanh chóng hơn mong đợi)
Trang 8The two girls exchanged English lessons
↔ There was an exchange of English lessons between two girls
CLAUSE ↔ GERUND_PHRASE
(Mệnh đề > cụm danh động từ)
She laughed but she did not reply ↔ She laughed without reply
(Cô ấy cười nhưng không đáp lại) (Cô ấy cười mà không đáp lại)
She didn’t say a word as she left the room ↔ She left the room without saying a word
(Cô ấy khôn nói lời nào khi rời khỏi phòng) (Cô ấy rời khỏi phòng mà không nói câu nào)
SIMPLE SENTENCES ↔ COMPLEX SENTENCES
(Câu đơn > Câu phức)
The owners of newspapers are usually very rich
↔ The people who owns newspapers are usually very rich
Alice eats very little so as not to put on weight
↔ Alice eats very little because she wants to lose weight
After four years abroad, Mr Brown returned home as an excellent engineer
↔ After Mr Brown had studied/ lived 4 years abroad, he returned home as an excellent engineer
ĐẢO NGỮ
1 Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT
No + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf)
Not any + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf)
EX: No money shall I lend you from now on
(= Not any money shall I lend you from now on.)
2 Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,…
Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever + Auxiliary + S + V Never in Mid-summer does it snow Hardly ever does he speak in the public
3 Đảo ngữ với ONLY
Only once
Only later Only in this way Only in that way Only then + Auxiliary + S + V Only after + N Only by V_ing/ N Only when + clause Only with + N Only if+ clause Only in adv of time/ place
EX: Only once did I meet her
Only after all guests had gone home could we relax
Only when I understand her did I like her
Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently
Trang 95 No sooner……… than…
Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely…… When/ before
EX: No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang
Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain becam down in torrents
6 Đảo ngữ với Not only…… but……also…
So + Adj/ Adv + Auxiliary + S + V + that-clause (mệnh đề danh từ)
So dark is it that I can’t write
So busy am I that I don’t have time to look after myself
So difficult was the exam that few student pass it
So attractive is she that many boys run after her
8 So + adjective + be + N + clause
So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview
9 Đảo ngữ với until/ till + clause/ Adv of time + Auxiliary + S + V
EX: I won’t come home till 10 o’clock
(=Not until/ till o’clock that I will come home.)
(= It is not until 10 o’clock that I will come home.)
I didn’t know that I had lost my key till I got home
(= Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key.)
10 Đảo ngữ với No where + Aux (Trợ động từ) + S + V
No where in the Vietnam is the scenery as beautiful as that in my country
No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home
No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country
11 Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
a Câu điều kiện loại 1: If-clause = Should +S + INF…
Should she come late, she will miss the train
Should he lend me some money, I will buy that house
b Câu điều kiện loại 2: If-clause = Were S + to-V/ Were + S…
If I were you, I would work harder = Were I you, I…… If I knew her, I would invite her to the party = Were I to know her, I……
c Câu điều kiện loại 3 : If-clause = Had + S + V 3
If my parents had encouraged me, I would have passed exam
(= Had my parents encouraged me, I……… )
BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TO-V/ V-ING (CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐẶC BIỆT)
Trang 10S + V + người + (not) TO Inf
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
invite (mời ), ask, tell, warn ( cảnh báo ), order ( ra lệnh ), beg ( van xin ), urge ( thúc hối)
Ví dụ :
"Would you like to go out with me." Said the man => The man invited me to go out with him
Nếu bảo ai không làm chuyện gì, thì đặt NOT trước to inf
Don't stay up late ( đừng thức khuya nhé )
> she reminded me not to stay up late ( cô ấy nhắc nhỡ tôi không thức khuya )
S + V + người + giới từ + Ving / N
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
Accuse sb of (buộc tội ai về )
You've stolen my bicycle!
> He accused me of having stolen his bicycle ( anh ta buộc tội tôi đã ăn cắp xe đạp của anh ta )
Prevent sb from (ngăn không cho ai làm gì )
Ví dụ: I can't let you use the phone
> My mother prevented me from using the phone ( Mẹ tôi không cho tôi dùng điện thoại )
S + V + VING
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
Advise ( khuyên ) , suggest ( đề nghị ), Admit ( thú nhận ), deny (chối)
* Suggest:
Eg:
1 “Shall we go for a swim now?”
à She suggested going for a swim then
2 “What about playing tennis?”
à He suggested playing tennis
* Admit:
Eg:
1 “I know I am wrong”
à He admited being wrong
2 “I’ve broken the mirror”
àHe admited breaking the mirror
* Insist on:
Eg:
1 “I really need a break after lunch”
à The boy insisted on having a break after lunch
2 “Please come on! Lend me some money”
à The woman insisted on lending her some money
* Apologize for:
Eg:
1 “Sorry! I’ve hurt you”
à He apologized for hurting me
2 “Sorry I’m late”
Trang 11à She apologized for being late
(lưu ý apologize to smth for doing smth)
Ngoài ra còn có
Blame sb for (doing) sth : đổ lỗi ai chuyện gì
Blame sth on sb : đổ lỗi chyện gì cho ai
Warn sb against sth : cảnh báo ai về chuyện gì
Congratulate sb on sth : chúc mừng ai về chuyện gì
S + V + to Inf
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
promise (hứa), agree ( đồng ý ), threaten ( đe dọa), propose ( có ý định ), offer ( đề nghị giúp ai) , refuse (từ chối)
Ví dụ:
- He said, “ I will kill you if you don’t do that”
=> He threatened to kill me if I did not do that
- we'll visit you ( chúng tôi sẽ thăm bạn )
> she promised to visit us ( cô ấy hứa thăm chúng tôi )
- let me give you a hand
> he offered to give me a hand ( anh ấy đề nghị được giúp tôi một tay )
III/ MỘT SỐ BÀI LUYỆN TẬP BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU (CÔ MAI PHƯƠNG ST)
3 I haven’t eaten this kind of food before
> This is the first
4 After fighting the fire for 12 hours the firemen succeeded in putting it out
. >The firemen manged
5 The architect has drawn plans for an extentionto the house
>Plans
6 In Staford-on-Avon we saw Shakespeare’s birthplace
. >We saw the house
7 It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday
. >You
8 “ How many survivors are there?”, asked the journalist
> the journalist wanted to know
9 It was such rotten meat that it had to be thrown away
=>The meat was
10 It is essential that Profesor Van Helsing is met at the airport
Trang 12.=> Profesor Van Helsing
11 You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa
=>If you
12 “ Can I borrow your typewriter,Janet”? asked Peter
=>Peter asked if
13 She started working as a secretary five years ago
=>She has
14 She knows a lot more about it than I do
=>I don’t know
15 My French friend finds driving on the left difficult
.=> My French friend isn’t
16 They think the owner of the house is abroad
19 What a pity you failed your driving test.=> I wish
20 The mechanic seviced my car last week
27 Apples are usually cheaper than oranges
=>Apple are not
28 I advice you to put your money in the bank
32 He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late
.=>He was annoyed
33 Tom is the most industious pupil
=> No other pupil
Trang 1334 When did they buy the house?
=> How long is it
35 She isn’t accustomed to life in London
.=>She’s not used to
36 “Don’t forget to phone the office,”she told him
39 I couldn’t hear them because they were speaking too softly
.=> They were speaking
40 We spent 5 hours getting to London
44 The bread is so tale we can’t eat it
=> The bread isn’t
45 Who does this bag belong to?
=? Whose
46 My boyfriend is very short-tempered
=>My boyfriend loses
47 You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t wear out
Trang 1457 The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it
The furniture was too………
58 The robbers made the bank manager hand over on the money
The bank manager………
59 Tom learned to drive when he was nineteen
Tom has………
60 She had never been so unhappy before
She was unhappier………
61 It was so late that nothing could be done
73 We couldn’t drive because of the fog
The fog prevented………
74 Although his leg was broken he managed to get out of the car
Trang 1588 The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it
The water was not
89 Somebody repaired her car yesterday
94 She liked Paris very little, and Rome less
She thought Rome
95 I can meet you if you arrive before eleven
So
96 They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight
All the prisoners
97 I’ve warned you not go to near that dog
I’ve warned you about
98 No, please don’t tell him
ANSWER KEY:
1.John suggested that Barry should put a better lock on the door
2.Despite his both broken legs, he managed to
3 time I have eaten this kind of food
4 to put out the fire after fighting it for 12 hours
5 have been drawn up for na extension
6 in Straford-on-Avon in which S was born
7.You don’t have to finish
Trang 168 the number of the survivors there were
9 so rotten that it had to be thrown away
10 must be met at the airport
11 don’t have a visa you can’t
12 if he could borrow J’s typewriter 13 been working as a for 5 years 14 so much about it as she does 15 used to driving on the left 16 of the house is thought to be abroad 17,If we had enough money we would have gone on holiday 18 was too rough for the children to
19 you had passed your
20 I got my car serviced
21 by air always makes me
22 was too expensive for him to buy 23 that I should put my
24 of earning a good salary he was unhappy
25 I had gone to your
26 haven’t been cleaned this week 27 usually as expensive as
28.You’d better put your money in the bank 29 a dirty restaurant that no one wants to eat there 30.He objected to his secretary coming late to work 31 mind if I pick up
33 becase his secretary came to
34 pupil is as industrious as Tom
35 is it since they bought the house
36 him to phone tho office
37 I had time to listen to you
38.J has just been released by the police
39 too softly for me to hear
40.It took us 5 hours to get to Lndon
41.It takes me 20 m to get to work
42 must be finished by Monday
43 I had taken my doctor’s advice
44 isn’t fresh enough to eat
45 is this bag
46 his temper very easily
47 how long you use it , it won’t wear out
48.Get the work finished by lunchtime and you can go home
49 progress have you made with your enquiries?
50.I needn’t have given Ted the massage, because he already knew about it
51.The sow prevented the trains from running
52.I wasn’t early enough to see him
53.I apologise for being rude to you yesterday
54.If she had hurried, she would have caught the train
55.No one in the club is better at tennis than B
56.It’s the first time I have seen that man
Trang 1757.The furniture was too expensive for me to buy
58.The bank manager was made to hand over the money
59 Tom has been able to drive since he was 19
60 She was unhappier than she had ever before
61 .late to do anything
62 “ please wake me at 8 tomorrow morning”,I said to
63 .of the meeting will have to be changed
64 .to have the car repaired
65 .doesn’t take as long as the bus
66 It is over 6 m since J had his hair cut
67 M wishes she had been put in a higheer class
68 I’ll finish the work tonight if you like
69 In case get hungry on the train yoou’d better take
70 .has left the car keys, we could have picked him up at
71 .if J would come
72 .bit the postman
73 .us from driving
74 .of having a broken leg, he manged to get out of the car
75 .such a hard cake that i couldn’t eat it
76 .rained we would have gone
77 .cooks better than me
78 .to have change for a pound
79 win the race
80 .since Mary rang
81 .I had finished my homework last night
82 “ How do you blike my dress, M?” she aasked
83 .a train that leaves at 8
84 It can’t be denied that she has a beautiful voice
85 .helping me to put the chair away
86 .sbd sends for a doctor, the child will die
87 .you paid him immediately
88 .warm enough for the children to swim in
89 She had someone repair her car
90 YOu ‘ve got to see the
91 Every time we rang there wasn’t any answer
92 Don’t call him that insulting name
93 “ Which one do you want, the blue or the green”,John asked
94 She thought Rome was even worse than Paris
95 So long as you arrive before 11, I can meet you
96 .prisoners will be caught again by tonight
97 I’ve warned you about your going near the dog
98 .you didn’t tell him
99 .you ask her youself
100 You’ll need an up-to-date visa for Andorra
Trang 181
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