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Prepositions By Nguyen Trung Kien http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions Definition of prepositions Prepositions are a class of words that indicate relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words in a sentence Most often they come before a noun They never change their form, regardless of the case, gender etc of the word they are referring to There are about 150 prepositions in English Yet this is a very small number when you think of the thousands of other words (nouns, verbs etc) Prepositions are important words We use individual prepositions more frequently than other individual words In fact, the prepositions of, to and in are among the ten most frequent words in English Many of these prepositions have more than one meaning Please refer to a dictionary for precise meaning and usage Prepositions of time English on Usage days of the week months / seasons time of day year after a certain period of time (when?) in at for night for weekend a certain point of time (when?) Example on Monday in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour at night at the weekend at half past nine Prepositions of time since from a certain point of time (past till now) since 1980 for over a certain period of time (past till now) for years ago a certain time in the past years ago before earlier than a certain point of time before 2004 Prepositions of time to telling the time ten to six (5:50) past telling the time ten past six (6:10) to / till / until marking the beginning and end of a period of time from Monday to/till Friday till / until in the sense of how long something is going to last He is on holiday until Friday I will be back by o’clock By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages by in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time Prepositions of place English Usage in at room, building, street, town, country book, paper etc car, taxi picture, world meaning next to, by an object for table for events place where you are to something typical (watch a film, study, work) Example in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world at the door, at the station at the table at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work Prepositions of place on by, next to, beside attached for a place with a river being on a surface for a certain side (left, right) for a floor in a house for public transport for television, radio left or right of somebody or something the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio Jane is standing by / next to / beside the car Prepositions of place under below over on the ground, lower than (or covered by) something else the bag is under the table lower than something else but above ground the fish are below the surface covered by something else meaning more than getting to the other side (also across) overcoming an obstacle put a jacket over your shirt over 16 years of age walk over the bridge climb over the wall Prepositions of place above across through higher than something else, but not directly over it getting to the other side (also over) getting to the other side something with limits on top, bottom and the sides a path above the lake walk across the bridge swim across the lake drive through the tunnel Prepositions of place movement to person or building movement to a place or country for bed enter a room / a building movement in the direction of something (but not directly to it) to into towards go to the cinema go to London / Ireland go to bed go into the kitchen / the house go steps towards the house Prepositions of place onto from movement to the top of something jump onto the table in the sense of where from a flower from the garden Prepositions of place Prepositions Prepositions typically come before a noun: For example: after class at home before Tuesday in London on fire with pleasure Prepositions A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence For example: The book is on the table The book is beside the table She read the book during class In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time Prepositions are classified as simple or compound Prepositions Simple prepositions Simple prepositions are single word prepositions These are all showed above For example: The book is on the table Compound prepositions Compound prepositions are more than one word in between and because of are prepositions made up of two words - in front of, on behalf of are prepositions made up of three words Prepositions For example: The book is in between War and Peace and The Lord of the Rings The book is in front of the clock Examples: The children climbed the mountain without fear There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated The spider crawled slowly along the banister Other important prepositions English from of by on in Usage Example who gave it a present from Jane who/what does it belong to what does it show a page of the book the picture of a palace who made it a book by Mark Twain walking or riding on horseback entering a public transport vehicle on foot, on horseback get on the bus entering a car / Taxi get in the car Other important prepositions off leaving a public transport vehicle get off the train out of leaving a car / Taxi get out of the taxi rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horseriding) prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus by at for age she learned Russian at 45 about for topics, meaning what about we were talking about you Exercise on Prepositions Complete the exercise according to the picture ………(at/in/on) the picture, I can see a woman The woman is sitting ……(at/in front of/on) a table She is sitting ……… (at/in/on) a chair There is another chair……… (across/beside/opposite) the woman Her feet are……… (beside/on/under) the table The woman is holding a cup……(at/in/into) her hands ………….(Above/At/On) the table are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment calendar, two pens and a muffin The woman is looking……… (At/on/to) her laptop The woman's bag is……….(Between/behind/under) the table Complete the exercise according to the picture Answer for the exercise Complete the exercise according to the picture In the picture, I can see a woman The woman is sitting at a table She is sitting on a chair There is another chair opposite the woman Her feet are under the table The woman is holding a cup in her hands On the table are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment calendar, two pens and a muffin The woman is looking at her laptop The woman's bag is under the table Exercise on Prepositions Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions If you want to go bus, you have to go…………the bus stop You look……… the time table Then you wait…………your bus When the bus arrives, you get……………the bus You buy a ticket……………the driver or show your ticket………….the driver When you arrive………….your destination, you get………….the bus Sometimes you even have to change buses……………….another bus stop Answer for the exercise Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions If you want to go by bus, you have to go to the bus stop You look at the time table Then you wait for your bus When the bus arrives, you get on the bus You buy a ticket from the driver or show your ticket to the driver When you arrive at your destination, you get off the bus Sometimes you even have to change buses at another bus stop Exercise on Prepositions – McDonald’s The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened………… Dick and Mac McDonald…………… the 15th…………… May 1940 The best selling products………………their restaurant were hamburgers So the McDonald brothers thought…………………a way to produce hamburgers more quickly This was introduced…………… 1948 and became known……………….the Speedee Service System The first franchised McDonald’s restaurant was opened………… 1953, and today you can find McDonald’s restaurants………………more than 100 countries The meats……… the burgers vary…………….the culture…………….the country Franchisees and future managers………………… McDonald’s restaurants are trained…………………… Hamburger University, which is located……………………Oak Brook, a suburb…………….Chicago McDonalds is also known……………….its sponsorship…………… various international sport events Answer for the exercise Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened by Dick and Mac McDonald on the 15th of May 1940 The best selling products at their restaurant were hamburgers So the McDonald brothers thought of a way to produce hamburgers more quickly This was introduced in 1948 and became known as the Speedee Service System The first franchised McDonald’s restaurant was opened in 1953, and today you can find McDonald’s restaurants in more than 100 countries The meats for the burgers vary with the culture of the country Franchisees and future managers of McDonald’s restaurants are trained at Hamburger University, which is located in Oak Brook, a suburb of Chicago McDonalds is also known for its sponsorship in various international sport events [...]... time Prepositions are classified as simple or compound Prepositions Simple prepositions Simple prepositions are single word prepositions These are all showed above For example: The book is on the table Compound prepositions Compound prepositions are more than one word in between and because of are prepositions made up of two words - in front of, on behalf of are prepositions made up of three words Prepositions. . .Prepositions of place onto from movement to the top of something jump onto the table in the sense of where from a flower from the garden Prepositions of place Prepositions Prepositions typically come before a noun: For example: after class at home before Tuesday in London on fire with pleasure Prepositions A preposition usually indicates... important prepositions off leaving a public transport vehicle get off the train out of leaving a car / Taxi get out of the taxi rise or fall of something travelling (other than walking or horseriding) prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus by at for age she learned Russian at 45 about for topics, meaning what about we were talking about you Exercise on Prepositions. .. table are a laptop, a paper, a calculator, an appointment calendar, two pens and a muffin The woman is looking at her laptop The woman's bag is under the table Exercise on Prepositions Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions If you want to go bus, you have to go…………the bus stop You look……… the time table Then you wait…………your bus When the bus arrives, you get……………the bus You... the correct prepositions If you want to go by bus, you have to go to the bus stop You look at the time table Then you wait for your bus When the bus arrives, you get on the bus You buy a ticket from the driver or show your ticket to the driver When you arrive at your destination, you get off the bus Sometimes you even have to change buses at another bus stop Exercise on Prepositions. .. clock Examples: The children climbed the mountain without fear There was rejoicing throughout the land when the government was defeated The spider crawled slowly along the banister Other important prepositions English from of by on in Usage Example who gave it a present from Jane who/what does it belong to what does it show a page of the book the picture of a palace who made... is located……………………Oak Brook, a suburb…………….Chicago McDonalds is also known……………….its sponsorship…………… various international sport events Answer for the exercise Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened by Dick and Mac McDonald on the 15th of May 1940 The best selling products at their restaurant were hamburgers So the McDonald brothers