Quan niệm của thanh niên về đồng tiền PGS TS phan thị mai hương

Quan niem cua thanh nien ve gid tri cua tien bac Quan niem cua thanh nien vd gia tn ciia ddng tien dugc xem xet d cac md'i quan he ciia tidn vdi cude sdng ciia thanh mdn trong suy nghi

QUAN NIEM CUA THANH NIEN

VE DONG TIEN

PGS.TS Phan Thj Mai Hi/ong

Gidm doc Tiling Idm Tdm ly hoc Ihirc nghiem Vien Tdm ly hoc

Nghien ct'ni ve quan niem ciia thanh nien ve dong lien duoc Ihuc hien vdi 714 thanh nien ti( 16-30 tudi Igi 4 tmh thanh cho Ihay, gidi tie ngdy nay hieu duoc gid tri ctia dong tien \'cti hp tien hgc co gid tri ihuc te', lio khdng dong nhdt gid tri ciia con ngudi yd gid tri cua ticii bac cung nhu khong ddng nhdt tien hac vdi hanh phuc tinh yiu Tuy nhien ho thdy ducyc vai trd quan trgng ctia lien hac Irong viec lao ra nhiing dieu kien cho hgnh phiic Thanh men ddnh gid cao viec lao ddng de cd lien vd de khang dinh gid Iri ciia bdn ihdn Ho khdng chdp nhdn kie'm tien bdng mpi cdch vd quan Idm de'n cdch kiem tien bon Id so lien kie'm dupc Quan diem ve cdch kie'm lien

lo ra khd xa la vdi thanh nien hgc sinh cudi cdp Gidi tre ung hp viec vay lien cho muc dich hoat ddng Idnh manh (cdng viec, hgc hanh, benh lat, xdy nhd) nhimg cho rdng, vay cho muc dich thu hudng Id sai trdi Trong quan niem ve tieu tien, thanh nien khong ling ho viic chi lieu thoang md mudn chi tieu phu hpp tui tien cua minh Hg nhin nhdn rang, trong cdc khodn chi Idn thi rdt cdn su tu vdn cua ngudi cd kinh nghiem Cdch iigliT ve viec kiem tien cung nhu lieu tien phdn hda theo Ida ludi, trinh

do hpc vdn vd gidi tinh nhung khdng phdn biet theo khu vUc ndng thdn hay thdnh thi

Tit l(li6a: Quan niem ve dong tien: Thanh nien; Kiem tien; Tieu tien

Ngdy nhdn bdi: 251912012: Ngdy duyet dang bdi: 2011012012

Ma dau

Trong boi canh hien nay, nen kinh te ciia da't nucSc dang co nhiing bude phat tri^n vuot bac so vdi th&i ley chien tranh, bao ci'p da dem de'n cho con ngudi nhOng co hOi va di6u kien d^ cam nhta ro hon gia tri ciia ddi sdng mdi day dli hon, tien nghi hon Nhu cau vat chat va tinh than ciia con ngudi ngay cang tang, dieu dd cang kich thfch hp ti'ch cue hon vdi cac hoat ddng kinh te' dap ling nhu cSu cua mmh Trong gudng quay a'y, dong tien hay con ngudi la trung tam cua hoat ddng la vSn de dang duoc quan tam Bdi mdt thuc te' la nhd

cd tien ma kinh te' xa hdi duoc phat tri^n, nhd cd tien ma ddi song vat cha'l va tinh than ciia con ngudi cd chft luong hon, duoc nang cao hon Nhung cung vi tien ma nhieu ngudi danh mat biin than minh, bi ddng tien chi phd'i manh me

trong xa hdi chiing ta

Nghien ciiu nay tim hidu xem thanh niSn ngiy nay quan niSm nhu the' nao ve gia tri cua tiC'n bac, tidn bac cd lifin quan gi de'n hanh phiic lila ddi hay khdng quan nidm vd viec kidm tidn v^ ticu tidn nhu thfi'nSo?

Phuong phiip nghien curu

Nghien ciiu sir dung thidt kd mdt ISn theo lat cat ngang dd tim hidu vd quan niem ciia thanh nien liicn nay vd ddng lidn MAu nghidn cu:u la 724 thanh nien tudi tCr 16 ddn 30 tin 4 tinh, thiinh: Ha Ndi, Thai Nguydn, thanh phd Hd Chi Mmh va Tidn Giang

Phuong phap chon mSu khdng ngSu nhien bdi vao thdi didm nghien cihi duoc tien hanh tai cac dia phuong cd nhiing thanh nidn phai di lam an xa di liim hay di hpc Nghien cihi thuc hiOn chon m5u cum: ta't ca thanh nidn cd mat tai dia phuong trong thdi didm nghien ciiu ddu tham gia tra ldi phieu hoi Hp thude du loai thanh phdn: ndng dan, cdng nhan, hoc sinh, ngudi di lam tai cac

CO sd dupc nghi vao thii 7, cac hd kinh doanh cS thd, budn ban nho Id tai gia dinh, ngudi lam thue gia cdng

Cdng cu nghien ciiu chinh la bang hoi Npi dung ciia bing hdi bao gdm cac thdng tin lien quan den van dd nghien ciiu: quan niem vd ddng tidn, quan niem vd md'i quan he ciia ddng tidn vdi hanh phiic, quan niem vd kiem tien va tieu tidn Ben canh dd, nghidn ciiu sir dung phuong phap phdng van siu nhim

bd sung cho cac thdng tm dinh luong thu thap duoc tii bing hdi vi cac thdng tin thii cap thu thap tii cac trang mang xa hdi vi trang tin dien tii trong nude Ket qua nghien cutu

/ Quan niem cua thanh nien ve gid tri cua tien bac

Quan niem cua thanh nien vd gia tn ciia ddng tien dugc xem xet d cac md'i quan he ciia tidn vdi cude sdng ciia thanh mdn trong suy nghi cua hp 6 day de cap den mdt sd md'i quan he ciia tidn vdi gii tri ciia con ngudi (su thanh dat, gia tri cua lao ddng vi cim nhin hanh phiic trong tinh ydu)

Ke't qui nghien ciiu quan niem ciia thanh nien vd gia tri ciia tidn bac duoc hidn thj 0 bang dudi day

Sd lieu cho tha'y, nhin chung, thanh nien quan niem ring, tidn cd gia tri ldn vdi ddi sd'ng, lam gi cung phai cd tidn, cdn khdng cd tien thi khdng lim duac gi Day cung la die diem chung ciia xa hdi duac van hanh bdi ndn kinh te thj trudng

Thanh nidn ngay nay cam nhin rat rd thie'u tidn se nhu the nio nen hiu hdt ddu nhi't tri ring, hp khdng the sd'ng trong ngheo doi Tuy vay, nhidu ngudi

miu thuin vdi quydt tim da ndi d trdn bdi dd khdng sd'ng trong ngheo ddi thi

ho phai cd quye't tam hanh ddng dd kidm tidn Khdng lim ra tidn, lim sao hp cd thd khing djnh ring minh khdng thd sd'ng nghdo?

Bdng 1: Quan niem ve gid tri ctia lien hac (ly le %)

C a c y kien

1 Khong CO tidn thi khong lam duoc gi ca

2 Ngay nay, dd lam gi thanh cdng, chi cin co tidn la dii

3 Nhin each ngudi ta tieu tien cd thd biet hp la ngudi

thanh dat hay khdng

4 Khdng the sdng Irong ngheo ddi

5 Khdng lam ra tien la cd tdi

Dling

69,3 16,9 22.4

75,2 22,1

Sai

22,5 66,8 49,6

14.1 62,0

Khong biet 8,4 16,3 28,0

12,7 16,0

Tuy nhien, vdi thanh nien cd tidn chua phai la cd tat cii Nhidu ngudi khdng gin su thinh cdng vdi viec cd tidn Cd tidn chua chic da thanh cdng, hay ndi khac di, cd tidn vin chua dii dd cd thinh cdng Mdt sd ngudi cho ring, thanh dat khdng gin vdi vide ngudi ta tidu tidn nhu the nao Ket qua niy cho tha'y vdi thanh nien, viec tieu tidn khdng the hien ngudi ta cd thinh dat hay khdng Trdn thuc td, vin cd nhidu ban trd tieu tidn mdt each xa xi bat kd ho cd

li ngudi kie'm ra tidn hay khdng Hp duoc mdt sd ngudi ngudng md khdng phii

vi hp l i ngudi thanh dat trong xa hdi, mi thudng dupc coi li sinh dieu, thdi thuang, hidu biet Thanh nien cd ve thich duac coi li sanh dieu, hidu biet han li thanh dat

Nhiing quan niem tren tuong dd'i khic nhau d thanh nidn sd'ng tai nhflng khu virc khac nhau (ndng thdn va thanh thj) vi theo lira tuoi Su khic biet trong quan niem khdng rd rdt theo hpc van vi gidi tinh

Sd lieu cho tha'y, nhflng thanh nien sd'ng d viing ndng thdn, dacbiet ndng thdn mien Bic rit khic vdi thanh nidn dd thi trong quan niem vd gii tri ciia tidn bac Thanh nien d Thai Nguyen cd ty le thip nhat so vdi cac khu vuc khac d nhdm nhihig ngudi cho ring, khdng cd tidn khdng lam duac gi (ty le niy d Thai Nguydn la 51% so vdi 75% d Hi Ndi, 71% d Tidn Giang va 68% 6 thanh phd

Hd Chi Minh); chi cin cd tidn li thinh cdng (Thai Nguydn khoang 12%, so vdi 17% d H i Ndi, 20% 6 thanh phd Ho Chi Minh va 16% d Tien Giang); each tieu tidn cho biet su thinh dat (Thai Nguyen: 19%, Tidn Giang 16% so vdi Ha Ndi 26% vi thanh phd Hd Chf Minh 25%), khdng lam ra tidn l i cd tpi

sd ddng ling hd han (vf du: Khdng cd tidn thi khdng lim dupc gi ca; Ngiy nay,

dd lim gi thinh cdng, chi cin cd tidn li du) Trong khi dd, khdng tim thiy su khac biet nao trong cic quan niSm cOa nhiing ngudi cd trinh dd hoc va'n khic nhau Didu dd chi ra ring, quan nidm phat tridn Iheo nim thing, chii khdng theo trinh dd hpc vin VI thd, su trii nghidm li quan trong ddi vdi hpc sinh dd

cd nhin sinh quan chin chin hon

2 Quan niem ctia thanh nien ve quan he giua tien bac vd hgnh phdc

Tinh yeu va hanh phuc Ilia ddi la nhflng vS'n dd khi ndng hdi d dd tudi thanh nien Diy li Itia tudi hp khdng nhflng bit diu phai chon cho minh mdl hudng dl vd nghd nghidp, xic djnh cho minh chd dling trong xa hdi mi cdn phii tim kie'm cho minh m<5t ngudi ban ddi theo md hinh mi mdi ngudi dat ra Lieu trong md hinh dd vit chit, tidn bac c6 vj tri nhu thd nao dd'i vdi thanh nidn Phin niy quan tim dd'n viec thanh nien nghi nhu nao vd md'i quan he cua tidn bac vdi hanh phuc Ifla ddi ctia minh

Bdng 2: Quan niem ciia thanh men ve nic'ii quan he gida tien hgc

vd hgnh phiic, tinh yeu (ty le %)

Cic y kien

1 Trong tinh yeu chin chinh khdng co chd cho tfnh

loan tien bac

2 Tha khoe trong xe hoi con hon cudi tren xe dap

3 Xa'u nhimg giau con hon dep ma ngheo

4 Lay ngudi ngheo nhung yeu minh con hcfn ngudi

giau ma khdng yeu minh

5 Tidn cd Ihd mua duoe tlnh yeu

6 Khi ket hdn, nen chon ngudi ed tidn dd dam bao

hanh phiie

Dung 68,3 13,3 22,7 75,0 15,0 24,7

Sai 18,6 69,4 54,7 13,2 69,9 45,7

Khdng biet 13,2 17.3 22,6 13,8 15,1 29,6

Sd lieu da cho thi'y, nhin chung, nhidu thanh nien hien nay (chie'm khoing 60 -70% sd ngudi dupc hdi) cd su tach bach tuang ddi giua hanh phuc tinh ydu vdi tien bac Nhieu ngudi cho ring, trong tinh ydu khdng cd chd cho tfnh toan tidn bac, liy ngudi ngheo ma cd tinh ydu cdn han liy ngudi giau ma khdng yeu, tidn khdng mua duoc tinh yeu hoac khdng cho ring xi'u - giiu han dep - ngheo

Cd the thi'y ring, nhin chung, suy nghT cua thanh nien vd md'i quan he gifla tidn vi hanh phiic, tinh yeu kha ly tudng vi trong sang Nhflng thdng tin

ve nhu chi ciia mdt bd phin thanh nidn mi thdi, cdn nhin chung, vin edn ri't

nhidu ngudi trong sang, khdng coi tidn bac li didu kien ciia hanh phuc cung

nhu khdng tdn thd tidn bac, coi nd chidm vj trf thd'ng soil trong tinh ydu

Ben canh dd, vin cdn mdt bd phin khac trong gidi tre coi tidn bac cd

mdt gia tri rit ldn trong tinh ydu vi hanh phiic lira ddi cua minh Sd nay chie'm

khoang 15 - 20% sd miu trong nghidn cflu Dd li nhflng ngudi cdng nhan gia

trj ciia vat chit va tidn bac trong quan he yeu duong nhu mdt didu kidn sd 1 dd

dam bao hanh phuc Trudc hdt, hp mud'n duoc giau sang, rdi sau dd, hp mdi cin

ddn cam giac hanh phuc ciia minh Kdt qua phdng vin cho tha'y ring, mdt sd

thanh nidn khi tu ti vi cai ngheo ciia minh Hp ndi: ''Ngdy nay, ngheo rd't kho

CO ngudi yeu Con gdi thd'y minh ngheo Id dd khdng nhin tdi roi, ndi chi ldi viec

tim hieu nhau nid yeu nhau nda Co nguc'ri yeu rdi khdng co tien thi cung khong

tru Idu dirac mgi Ihd deu cdn cd tien Di chcfi vdi nhau nhd't dinh it nhd't phdi

ud'ng cdi gi do, chd khong di tay khdng dugc Rdi ngdy smh nhdt ngdy 813,

cung it nhdt phdi co hoa, cd qud cho bgn gdi" (Nam, 25 tudi, ndng thdn)

Hoac y kidn khic cho ring: "Xd hgi ndy, Idm gi md chdng cdn tien Nhu

em, mud'n con gdi de mdt tdi, chdc chdn phdi co cdi ne mdy td te, cd qudn do

titdm tdt, gidy dep ddng hodng, dien thoai di dgng ddi mdi " (Nam, 22 tudi,

thinh thj)

Y kie'n ciia cic ban gii cd khac chiit fl nhung nhin chung vSn thi'y gia trj

ciia tidn bac trong hanh phiic: "Khi dd that long yeu nhau, dong tien ditng 6

hdng sau Nhung noi that Id yeu ngudi khdng cd tien thi khd hanh phdc dttgc,

khong nhdt thie't phdi gidu nhung phdi cd tien" (Ntt, 23 tudi, ndng thdn ra thinh

thj hpc)

Nghien cim lay quan diem cia mdt ntt minh tinh Trung Qud'c da dugc cd

cdng khai bdc Id tren truydn thdng dai chung ring "Thd khde trong xe hdi cdn

hdn cudi tren xe dap" va dugc mdt bd phan kha ddng dao ntt thanh nidn Trung

Qud'c ddng tinh iing hd tren mang internet dd xem thanh nidn Viet Nam cd

quan diem nhu viy hay khdng Sd lieu cho tha'y, nhflng ngudi ddng tinh vdi

quan diem niy khdng phai cua da sd nhung cung chie'm mdt ty le khdng the

khdng quan tim (chidm 13,3% trong sd nhflng ngudi dugc hdi) 'Co the thay

mdt bd phin thanh nien cd nhflng quan didm khing djnh gia tri cua tidn bac

trong tinh ydu vi hanh phuc Ifla ddi

Dd la giai doan cua tinh yeu, nhung ddn khi ke't hdn, tfnh thuc dung md

rdng tdi nhidu thanh nidn hon Quan didm "Khi kdt hdn, nen chpn ngudi cd tidn

dd dam bao hanh phiic" dugc 24,7% so ngudi dugc hdi nha't tri, gan gSp ddi so

vdi sd ngudi thuc dung trong tinh yeu d tren

Didu niy cho tha'y, quan diem thuc dung vi vat chit hda linh ydu, hdn

nhan cung l i mdt xu hudng cua mdt bd phta gidi trd nude ta hien nay Tuy

vdi thanh nien d ndng thdn va ciia hpc sinh cud! ci'p cdn dang ngdi trdn ghd nhi trudng

Bdng 3: lie' gid tri cua thanh niin

Sunphiep

Thu nhap tien

Gia dinh

Sue khoe

Bing cip

Tinh veu

Danh du ca nhin

Cac mdl quan tic \A lioi

Dia \'i \a hoi

Solugng

617

386

674

656

96

452 .349

217

151

Didm (rung hinh 2.73 3,68 1,99 2,16 3,63 3,88 3,66 4,22 4,14

D6 lech chuin 1,202 1,220 1,122 1,197 1,088 1,009 1,235 1,048 1,114

Thii bic

3

6

1

2

4

7

5

9

8

Ghi chii: DTB dupc linh theo Ihang thit bac 5 diem, diem cdng cao gid tri cdng ldn

Mat khac, khi dd'i chidu nhidu mat khac nhau cua cude sd'ng, sd lidu cho thi'y, trong he gia tri cia thanh nidn cd nhidu didu dugc cho la quan trong ddi vdi ho cd vi trf gin tucmg duong nhau (vdi didm trung binh cia Ihii bic dao ddng khdng dang kd tfl 3,63 den 3,88) Dd la cac gia Irj cua bing cip, danh du

ca nhin, tidn bac va tinh ydu Chung dling sau gia dinh, sir nghiep vi sfle khoe Didu nay cho thi'y, thanh nien ngiy nay nhin nhin nhung didu kidn cho hanh phuc ca nhan cia minh kha hoan my vi da dang Cd ve nhu da xa rdi quan

niem "Mdt tup ldu tranh, hai trai tim ving" cua thd he Irudc, ma a ho, tlnh ydu

vi tidn bac cin song hinh vdi nhau mdi cd thd cd hanh phuc Cd thd thi'y, 6 mflc dp nhi't djnh, cic gia tri thuc dung cua ndn kinh td thi trudng da anh huang ddn ldi sd'ng cia thanh nidn, len ldi vio ddi sd'ng xuc cim cua ho

Suy nghT cia mdt ban tre a diy li tucmg dd'i lieu bidu cho ldp tre hdm

nay trong quan mdm vd md'i quan he gifla tinh ydu vi tidn bac cua hp: "Tdi dd

suy nghi that nhieu, nghiem tuc vdi chinh minh ve tinh yeu vd tien bac, ve

"hdnh mi vd hoa hdng" Tdi mudn cdi gi hdn? Vd cdu trd ldi ben trong con ngudi tdi vang len Id cd hai Tdi khdng chdp nhcin sd'ng ngheo ndn Tdi khdng chdp nhdn mot tdp leu tranh Khdng! Tdi khdng mud'n! Nhung tdi cdng khdng mudn gidu cd md cd dan! Tien bac Id dieu cd the, cdn tinh yeu thi de'n khd hdn nhieu" (Blog cua Mai Trang)

* Quan niem ve viic kie'm tien

Mud'n cd nhidu tidn la nhu ciu cia dai da sd thanh nidn hien nay (vdi gin 85% sd ngudi ddng y) Ri't it ngudi hoii nghi nhu ciu niy cua minh Ke't qui nghidn cflu cho thi'y, didu dang lim cic bac cao nidn yen long

la d chd, dai da sd thanh nidn dugc hdi ddu mud'n cd tidn tir lao ddng chfl khdng phii ttt cac ngudn khic Sd lieu cung khing dinh ring dd cd nhidu tidn, thanh nidn sin sang lao ddng vit vi chfl hp khdng mud'n an nhan Nd luc kidm tidn hien hiru d thanh nien ngay ci khi hp dugc cho nhieu lidn

Bdng 4: Quan mem ve viec kie'm tien (ty le %)

C a c y kien

1 Tdi thfch ddng tidn do lao ddng ma cd duoc

2 An nhan ma ft tidn con hon la va't va dd kie'm dugc

nhidu tidn

3 Ne'u dugc eho nhidu tien, tdi se khong cin phai eo

ging lao ddng kie'm tidn niia

4 De kie'm tidn thi lam each nao cung chip nhan duoc

5 Gia tri cua mdi ngudi la d chd hp kie'm duoe bao

nhieu tidn

6 Tdi quan tam de'n sd lien kie'm dugc hon la each

kie'm ra so tidn do

4 Tdi mudn cd nhidu tidn

Dung 92,2 19,7 13,7 7,6 15,0 14,3 84,8

Sai 4,0 62,4 77,0 83,6 66,6 69,8 8,3

Khong biet 3,8 17,9 9,3 8,8 18,4 15,9 6,9

Cd the tha'y ring, nhin chung, vdi bd phin ldn thanh nidn ngiy nay, lao ddng dd cd tidn l i mdt gii tri dugc hp trin trong Tuy nhidn vdi hg, tidn bac khdng phai la tit ca, hp mud'n lao ddng chin chi'nh dd cd tidn va cung la dd khang dinh gii trj con ngudi cia minh Nhan phim dugc ho coi trgng nhu lao ddng cia minh viy Hp khdng chip nhin kidm tidn bing mpi cich, cung nhu quan tim ddn each kie'm tidn han la sd tidn kiem dugc Han nfla, hp cung khdng danh gii gii trj cua con ngudi thdng qua viec con ngudi dd kiem dugc bao nhieu tidn

Quan didm vd each kie'm tidn id ra kha xa la vdi thanh nidn hgc sinh cud'i cip Cic em khdng bidt ddn nhung khai niem niy Diy l i didu can chu y bdi chi mdt vai thing sau, cic em da bflde vao trudng hgc ldn hon - trudng ddi Dd

TAP CHI TAM ly HOC, Sd 11 (164), 11 - 2012

lip cia minh

Lieu each nghT vd vide kidm tidn cd phin hda theo nhflng nhdm thanh nien khae nhau hay khdng? Hay ndi cich khic, nhttng ngudi irii vdi quan didm trdn thude nhdm thanh nidn nio?

Phin tich sd lidu cho Ihi'y ring:

- Thfl nhi't, ludi cing Idn hdn, hgc vSn cao hon thi s6 ngudi ddng y vdi

quan didm coi gii trj cia con ngudi b chd hp kidm duge bao nhidu tidn cing

nhidu hon (vdi p < 0,05)

- Thfl hai, hgc vi'n cao hon thi nhidu hon sd ngudi phan dd'i quan nidm coi sd lidn kidm dugc quan trpng hdn cich kidm tidn (vdi p < 0,05)

Thfl ba, nam gidi chip nhin kidm ticn bing mpi each hon nO gidi, nhung nfl lai phin ddi quan didm eoi sd lidn kidm dugc quan trgng han cich kidm tidn hdn nam gidi (vdi p < 0,05)

Nhung dfl lidu d trdn da cho thiy, bdn canh s6 ddng ed quan didm da phin tich d trdn, trong thanh nidn cung cd su phin hda nhit djnh trong quan nidm vd cich kie'm tidn theo trinh dd hpc vi'n, theo Ifla tudi vi theo gidi

So lieu eung cho thi'y quan niem niy khdng cd su khic biet gifla thanh nien ndng thdn vi thanh thj, gifla nhflng ngudi thay ddi hay khdng thay ddi mdi trudng sd'ng Diy la mdt didm kha thii vj bdi xua nay khic bidt van hda vin dupc coi la bidn sd quan trgng chi ra nhidu su khac bidt trong suy nghT, trong each thflc hanh ddng cia con ngudi ndi ehung Nhtrng vdi thanh nidn thi trong vi'n dd dang duoc ban luan d day, khic biet vin hda khdng cd y nghTa gi nhidu

* Quan niem ve viec vay tien

Vay tidn dugc coi nhu mdt ngudn them vio sd tidn co dugc cia thanh nien, nhung nd khic vdi ngudn tidn khac d chd, sau khi su dung cho nhu ciu cua minh, hg phii hoan tra lai sd tidn nay Tai mdl sd nude, ngudn tin dung trd nen ri't phd bie'n, giup mgi ngudi trang trai cho nhu ciu ehi hop ly vi hoach djnh cac phuang in dd tra ng din Diy li phuong in hidu qua cho cude sd'ng cia mdi ngudi O Viet Nam, khi ning cd dugc ngudn tin dung ehfnh thd'ng cho sinh vidn cdn chua phd bidn thi vide vay mugn cic ngudn khae li didu khd tranh khdi Tfnh chit hai mat cia vi'n dd niy kha ro ndt Mdt mit nd cd thd giup ngudi di vay dip ung nhu cau cia minh, nhung mat khac, ndu ngudi vay khdng hoach dinh dugc ke hoach de tra ng thi cd the din ddn nhung he luy khd ludng Nghien cun quan tim trudc hdt ddn each suy nghT cua thanh nien vd vin

dd vay tidn, xem hg suy nghi vay thd nao la dung, la sai

1 Vay dd an udng

2 Vay dd mua sim dd dung

3 Vay de chfla benh

4 Vay de hoc tap

5 Vay de lam an, diu tu

7 Vay dd di choi

8 Vay dd giup dd ngudi khac

9 Vay dd xay nha

10 Vay hd ngudi khae

Nhu the la dung 19,4 27.1 95,4 95,5 91,8 6,8 51,6 69,9 13,7

Khong biet 62,3 51,6 3,1 2,1 2,4 80.4 19,7 14,4 49,9

Nhu the li sai 18,4 21,3 1,5 2,4 5,8 12,8 28.7 15,8 36,7

Sd lieu d bang 5 chi ra ring, theo quan niem cua dai da sd thanh nien, vay dd chfla benh, dd hpc tip, dd lim an, diu tu vi vay dd xiy nha li ding, Cdn vay the nio la sai thi khdng ed xu hudng quan nidm chung mi ri't tiy tilng ngudi Mdt sd cho ring, vay hd ngudi khac, vay dd giup ngudi khac la sai Mdt

sd khic lai cho ring vay dd mua dd dung li sai Mdt bd phan ldn thanh nidn trong miu nghien cflu cdn phin vin khdng biet vay dd an udng, dd mua sim, dd

di choi hay vay hd ngudi khac li dung hay sai

Cd the thi'y, thanh nidn hien nay khdng phin dd'i viec vay mugn dd chi tieu Viec phan dinh dung - sai cua hien tuong niy phu ihudc vao muc dich cia viec vay de chi tieu cho viec gi Nhttng gi lien quan de'n cdng viec, hpc tap, hay xay nhi m i can phai vay thi dugc coi l i dung, cdn cho tieu xii ca nhin vdi m^ic dich thu hudng thi bj coi la sai Quan didm niy da phan anh each nhin nhin cia

xa hdi Viet Nam hien nay vd viec di vay chfl khdng hoin toin la chi cua ridng thanh nien

4 Quan niem cda thanh nien ve viec Heu tien

Tieu tidn nhu thd nio cung dugc coi li pham tru vin hda Nd thd hien ldi sd'ng cua thanh nidn vi dugc bdc Id kha ro net trong suy nghT cung nhu trong hinh ddng Nghidn ciiu quan tam ddn nhung quan nidm cua thanh men ve each tieu tidn nhu the nio trong md'i tuong quan vdi khoan tidn minh cd, vdi hinh anh thanh mdn thdi dai vi trong quan he vdi ngudi khic

Nhin chung, sd lieu cho thi'y, quan niem vd vi6c tieu tidn cia thanh nien hien nay khdng hoan toan nhu nhung gi vSn dugc cinh bio trdn cac phuong tien truydn thdng dai chung Trong nghien cflu nay, thanh nidn khdng danh

ddng hinh anh cua "thanh nidn thdi dai" vdi vise dime "hane xin" khdna nhat i viec dung "hang xin", khdng nha't

TAPCHITAM LYHOC, S d l l (164), 11 - 2012

khdng quan tim dd'n su gdp y eua ngudi khic Trii lai, hg mud'n chi tidu theo

tiii tidn cua minh, cd bao nhidu, chi bi'y nhidu, khi chi tidu ldn thi tham khao j

kie'n ngudi cd kinh nghidm, chi tidu phii tinh toin Cd thd thiy, quan didm cia thanh nidn ndi chung vd chi lieu la tuang ddi tfch cue

Bdng 6: Quan mem ciia thanh nien ve lieu tien (ty le %)

("iif y kii'n

1 Tlianh nidn phai ehi tieu thoang chii linh loan thi cd

ve khdng hop lim

2 Da mua thi phai mua "hang xin" mdi li thanh nien

thdi dai ngay nay

3 Tidn cua tdi tdi tieu IiCn thd nao la vide cua tdi, ngudi

khac khdng ed quydn gop y

4 Co bao nhieu ticn thi chi nen tidu ba'y nhieu

5 Trudc khi quyei dinh mua eai gi ldn thi nen tham

khao y kie'n eua nhirng ngudi c6 kinh nghiem

6 Thanh niCn da djnh mua cai gi thi phai quyei tam

mua bang dugc, ne'u Ihie'u tidn thi di vay

Dung 23,7 8,3 25.9 56,5 87,5 12,8

Sai 57,9 76,7 61,8 33,7 7,0 71.2

Khdng biet 18,4 15,0 12.4 9,9 5.6 16,0

Ben canh phin ldn thanh nien cd quan diem nhu trdn, vin cd mdt bd phin thanh nien cd quan didm trai ngugc Hp dd cao ban thin trong cac quydt dinh chi tieu cho ring, chi tieu the nio la vide c i nhin, ngudi khic khdng cd quydn gdp y, chi tieu khdng nhin vio tui tidn cia minh, da mudn mua gi thi phii quye't mua bing duge khdng cin bidt minh cd bao nhidu 6 mdl khia eanh khic, hg cd xu hudng thidn vd quan niem "thoang" trong tieu xii

Ldi chi tidu thoing hay chi tieu cd tfnh toin cd ve nhu khidn mdt sd ban tre cdn ban khoin Sd nay chidm khoang 18%

Nhttng ngudi bin khoin 6 cic quan didm da dd cip dd'n 6 trdn la nhttng ngudi chua biet tidu the nao li dung, la sai, hay ndi khac di, chua xac dinh dugc cho minh hd gii trj vd chi tieu

Mdt sd nhi xa hdi ndi ring, kidm tidn cin eo van hda, tidu tidn cang phai cin cd van hda hon vi ddi khi, tieu tidn cdn khd hon kidn tidn VI thd, ca kidm tidn, ci tieu tidn ddu cin dugc quan tim giao due dung mflc Viec giao due niy phai bat diu ttt ri't sdm, de dfla tre thi'y duge gia tri thuc c i a ddng tidn, hidu dugc vide kie'm tidn cin ddn khd'i dc va sfle lire thd nao va cflng cin bidt tidu thd nao cho thdng minh, cho cd vin hda vi xung vdi sd tidn kidm duge