ĐỀ CƯƠNG ANH văn cơ bản ia

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ANH VĂN CƠ BẢN I Thì Cách chia Hiện đơn S+ V(eles) The present - I, you, we, they,2 (boys, chidren, simple tense people,men, women)+ V(không chia) Vd: I go to school Children sleep early - she, he ,it , (mother ) + V(e,es) Hầu động từ she, he, it thêm S It rain - Những V she he it có tận O,X,S,Z,CH,SH + es Vd: Lien go to school My mother vitsit her fr They go to school - Những động từ she,he,it có tận Y trước Y nguyên âm(u,e,o,a,j,)+ S Vd: She plays piano -Những động từ she,he,it có tận Y trước Y phụ âm -> i+ es Vd: my baby sister oies - I, you, we,they, + don't + V( ko chia) She, he, it, + dosen't + V(ko chia) Vd: I don't go to school on sunday My mother dosen't stay at home ? Do + I,you,we,they, + V ? Does + She,he,it,1 +V ? -> yes (I, you, we, they + do) (He, she,it + does) No (I, you, we, they + don't) (He, she,it + doesn't) Dấu hiệu nhận biết -in,on,at: mùa,buổi tháng năm địa điểm Vd: I live in Hp city + every, always, usually, often, some time, occacion ally, rarely, never Vd: she always goes to school at => How often:- do+ I,you,we,they, +V - does+ he,she,it 1+ V? Vd: How often you learn E.L? * S + V(s/es) + one + a + day Twice week Three time month Year Vd: I learn E twice a week -> How often you learn E? I learn E in the morning -> When you learn E? I learn E at o'clock -> What time you learn E? Công dụng - Diễn tả hành động việc lặp lặp lại cách chung chung thời khóa biều xếp từ trước hường người làm theo - Diễn đạt thói quen hay phong tục tập quán quốc gia,1 dân tộc - diễn tả chân lý hiển nhiên lúc lịch trình tự nhiên Vd: Do you people come here Does it rain summer? Yes, I I like music -> Do you like music No, she doen't live in HP-> Does she live in Hp Wh question What : Who: How: ntn, phương tiện Why: When : Where : đâu What time: Hiện tiếp diễn S + to be(am/is/are) + Ving The present continuous tense (+) I am + Ving She/ he/ it 1+ is + Ving We/they/ you/ + are + Ving Vd: It is raining now (-) I am not + Ving She/he/ it + is not (isn't)+ Ving You/we/they + are not(aren't) + Ving Vd: Liên isn't learning E now? (?) Am + I + Ving Is + she/he/it + Ving Are + you / we /they + Ving ? -> yes, S + tobe No , S + tobe +not (Viết tắt) Wh quextion Wh+ to be + S + Ving Vd: What are you doing now Now,at the moment(tại thời điểm này) At present(tại lúc này) Right now = at ,once VD: look listen ! Becareful! Hurry up Bequiet HTĐ when HTTD S+ V(s/es) S+tobe+ Ving Vd: He often say ok whe he's talking to me HTTD While HTTD Vd: I am sleeping while he's whatching TV HTĐ + ever but HTTD + to day Vd: I go to school by bike everyday but to day I walking to school S+ be(am/is/are), S + to be + Ving - Thì tiếp diễn diễn ta hành động việc diễn thời điểm nói - Thì tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động việc mang tính chất tạm thời - Thì tiếp diễn tả hai hành động song song với thời điểm - Thì tiếp diễn tả hành động xảy môt thời điểm với hành động - Thì tiếp diễn tả hành động mang tính chất thay đổi pát riển liên tục The popullation of the world is rising very fast Thì tiếp diễn hành động việc mang tc trù tương lai Where are you? -> I am coming to HN I am at home, I am Sleeping tomorrow I am sorry I am going out now Quy tắc thêm đuôi - ing S + known + What + S + V có tận e câm -> bỏ e tobe + Ving + Ving Understand Come -> coming Vd:I understand what you are V có tận phụ âm trước saying nguyên âm( u,e,o,i) -> gấp đôi phụ âm + ing Run -> Running Không với động từ V có tận ie -> y + có trạng từ t' Ving tiếp diễn ta phải chia chúng Lie -> lying đơn V có tận ic -> ick + ing Like Enjoy Want Suppors e Love Know Need Depend Hate Understand Contain Belong Forget Remember Consist Recolled Pre fer For give Taste Mind Dis like Smell Realize Mean wish Have có I want to meet him now look ! the man is running after the bus he want to catch it Hiện hoàn thành The… S + have/has + PII (ed, V3) (+) I, you, we,they + have + pII She, he, it + has + PII I have gone to HN for weeks (-) I, you, we,they + have + not + pII She, he, it + has + not + PII (?) Have + I, you, we,they + pII Has + She, he, it + has + PII -> Yes , S + have/has No, S+ have/have + not Wh - question Have + I, you, we, they + PII Has + she, he, it + PII? What have you given him already? Sine :từ sine 1997 Last year HTHT sine QKĐ S+have/has + PII S + V(ed/V2) Already: Recently= lately : gần Just: vừa Yet: chưa(-)(?) Eg: I haven't + learned E yet One Twice Three time I have learned E one day Several time Today In last week, day, year Over decade This is + The first time It is second time How long : + have + I, you, we,they 2+ PII + has + She, he, it + PII How long have u learned E? Mẫu biển đổi câu ) S + have/ has + never + PII + befor S+ have / has +not + PII  It is : The first time + S +have/has + PII This is I have never visited HN before  It is the first time I have visited HN - HTHT diễn tả hành động việc xảy khứ kéo dài đến tiếp tục tiếp tục kéo dài đến tương lai HTHT diễn tả hành động việc sảy khứ kết thúc khứ hậu lưu lại 2) S+ have / has +not + PII + Since +time for  the last time S + PI + was + time +1 I have not played football since 2000 The last the I played fooball was(in 2000) 3) S+ have / has +not + PII + Since+ time S+ V(ed,2) I have not met him since I came here I last met him 4) S + have/ has + not + PII + for + time => It is time + since + S + PII She hast stayed in HN for year => IT is year since she stayed in HN 5) S + started + to + V + ago Began It is + time + since + S + PI S + have/has + PII + for + time She start to learn E year ago -> It's year since she learned E She has learned E for year Quá khứ đơn (+) S + V(ed,s) He went to HN yesterday (-) S+ didn't+V I didn't go to chool yesterday (?) Did + S + V Yes, S+ did No, S + didn't W-h + did + S+ V? What did you yesterday? (+) S + used to + V( + when + S+ PI) I used to swim -> quen với việc Yesterday Last: - year - week Ago: Trước In 1970 The day before S + (V1) (V2) (V3) Vd: He ran, fell and broke his leg QKĐ + S + (be) When +S + was/were QKĐ diễn tả hành động việc xảy khứ kết thúc khứ không liên quan đến Quá khứ tiếp diễn khứ (-) S + didn't use to + V -> không quen với việc khứ (?) Did + S +use to + V? S + am/is/are + used to+ Ving Get => Thích nghi với việc khứ Vd:I am used to swimming VD: I learned E when I was (+) S + was/ were + Ving At + + yesterday Last + buổi At this time + yesterday Last QKTD when QKĐ I(have) dinner when he came -> was having Was having QKĐ while QKTD I (see) him while he(read) abook yesterday Was reading QKTD while QKĐ She was sleeping while I( watch) TV Was watching QKHT befor QKĐ By the time I had visited him befor I came her QKĐ because QKHT That After And then I bougth a hat ofter I had asked her QKHT just, for, sine… QKĐ When Vd: I watching TV at 8pm yesterday (-) S + wasn't/ weren't + V-ing (?) Was + I, he, she,it + V-ing Were + you, we, they + V-ing Wh – question Was + I, you, we, they + V-ing Were + you, we, they + V-ing Quá khứ hoàn thành (+) S + had + PII (-) S + hadn't + PII (?) Had + S + PII Wh + had + S + PII? QKĐ as QKĐ Vd: I went out as he came QKTD: diễn tả hành động việc xảy thời điểm xác định khứ QKHT dùng để diễn tả hành động việc xảy trước hành động việc khác khứ Tương lai đơn Tương lai gần Tương lai tiếp diễn Tương lai hoàn thành (+) S + Will/shall + V(không chia) I, we + Will/ shall + V (-) S + won't / shan't + V (?) Will/ shall + S +V ? Wh + will/ shall + S + V (+) S + to be + going to + V (am, is, are) (-) S + to be + not + going + V (?) to be + S + going + V ? Wh + to be + S + going to + V? (+) S + Will /shall + be + V-ing (-) S + won't / shan't + be + V-ing (?) Will/ shall + S + be + V-ing Wh + Will/ Shall + S + Be + V-ing (+) S + will/shall + have + PII (-) S + won't/ Shan't + be + V-ing (?) Will/ Shall + S + be + V-ing Wh + will/ shall+S + V-ing He had learned year when he came England Tomorrow Next year/ week Soon : Sớm Later: sau To night: tối Some day: ngày In + a,2,3 + day/ week… TLĐ as soon as HTĐ Un til When I will wait for her untill she comesback V + or + S + Will +V Hurry up or you will be late S + promise + that + S + will + V At + + Tomorrow Next + buổi At this time + tomorrow Next At this time next week I will be traching E.L? By the time By then By + … tomorrow Next TLHT HTĐ TLĐ dùng để diễn tar hành động việc thực thời điểm tương lai - TLĐ dùng để diễn tả lời hứa lời dự định giúp đỡ từ chối làm điều Diễn tả dự định kế hoạch lịch trình xảy thời điểm tương lai - TLTĐ diễn tả hành động kiện xảy tương lai TLHT dùng để diễn tả hành động việc hoàn thành thoiwfddieemr xác định tương lai By the time He will have finished bis work by the time I come * S + (be) + N Adj Adv nơi chốn Cấu trúc câu khẳng định I + am She, he,it, + is You, we , they 2+ are Cấu trúc câu phủ định I, She, he,it, + is + was You, we , they 2+ were I am here today Passive Voice ( Thì bị động) S + Be + PII + By + O bước chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động B1: lấy tân ngữ (O)của câu chủ động chủ từ( S cho câu bị động (O) luôn đứng sau động từ) me - I you – you them – they us – we her – she him – he it – it vd: Mrs Lien meest us to day B2: xét câu chủ động chia V thì ta chia to be bị động HTĐ: (+) S + V(s/es) + O -> S(o) + am/ is/ are + PII + by + O(S) Vd:Lan speakes E.l well -> E is sproken well by Lan (-) S + don't/doesn't + V +O -> am not/ isn't/ aren't + PII + by + O(S) We don't understand this lesson -> This lesson isn't understool( by us) (?) Do/does + S + V+O ? -> Amlis/are + S (o) + PII + by + O(s) Does Lan visit you family - Is you family visited by Lan Wh + do/does + S + O -> Wh + are/is/ are + S(O) + PII + by + O(s) What does Lan give you -> What are you give by Lan ? Thì HTHT Chủ động (+) S + to be + Ving + O (-) S +am/is/are + not + Ving + O (?) Am/is/are + S + Ving + O Wh + am/is/are + S + Ving + O (+)S + have/ has + PII + O Bị động (+) S + to be + being+ PII + by + O (-) S + to be + not + being + PII + by + O (?) To be + S + being + PII + by + O Wh + to be + S(o) + being + PII + by O(s) (+) S(o) + have/has + been + PII + by + O (S) (-) S + have/ has + not + PII + O (-)S(o) + have/has + not + been + PII + by + O (S) QKĐ QKTD (?) Have /has + PII+ O ? Wh + have/ has + S + PII + O? (?) Have/has + S(O) + been + PII + by + O ? Wh + Have/ has + S(O) + been + PII + by O? (+) S + V(ed/s) + O (-) S + didn't + V+ O (+) S(O) + was/were + PII + by O(O) (-) S(O) + was/were + not + PII + by O(O) (?) did + S +V + O? Wh + did + S + V + O? (+) S + was/were + Ving + O (?) was/ were + S(O) + by O(O) ? Wh + was/were + not + S(O) + by O(O) ? (+) S(O) + was/were being+ PII+ by O (-) S + was/were + not Ving + O (?) was / were + S + Ving + O` (-) S(O) + was/were + not + being+ PII + O (?) was/were + S(O) + being+ PII+ by O Wh + was/were + S + Ving + O? (+) S + had + PII + O Wh + Was/were + S(O) + being + PII + by O (+) S(O) + had been + PII + by O (-) S + Had + not + PII + O (?) Had + S + PII + O ? Wh + had + S +PII + O ? (-) S(o) + hadn't been + PII + by O (?) Had + S(o) + been + PII + by O? Wh + Had + S(o) + been + PII + by + o (+) S + Will/ shall + V + O (-) S + won't/ shalln't + V + O (?) Will/ shall + S + V + O? (+) S(o) + will/shall + be + PII + by + O (-) S(o) + will/shall + not + be + PII + by + O (?) Will/ shall + S + be + PII + by + O? Wh + Will/shall +S + V + O? Wh + Will/ shall + S + be + PII + by + O? (+) S + to be + going + V + O (-) S+ to be + not + going to + V + O (+) S(o) + to be + going to + be + PII + by O (-) S(o) + to be + not + going to + be + PII + by +o (?) To be + S(o) + going to + be + PII + by+ O? Wh + to be + S(o) + going to + be + PII + By + O QKHT TLĐ TL gần (?) To be + S + going to + V + O? Wh + to + going to + V + O Động tử khiếm khuyết Động từ khiếm khuyết hoàn Can would Cuold ought to May used to Might have to Should has to S + V kk + V + O S + Vkk + not + V + O Vkk + S + V +O? Wh + Vkk + S + V + O? S + Vkk + have + PII + O S(o) + Vkk + be + PII +by + O S(o) + Vkk + not + PII + by + O Vkk + S + be + PII + by + O Wh + VKK +S + be +PII + by + O ? S(o) + Vkk + have been + PII + by +O thành ... they us – we her – she him – he it – it vd: Mrs Lien meest us to day B2: xét câu chủ động chia V thì ta chia to be bị động HTĐ: (+) S + V(s/es) + O -> S(o) + am/ is/ are + PII + by + O(S) Vd:Lan... Tương lai đơn Tương lai gần Tương lai tiếp diễn Tương lai hoàn thành (+) S + Will/shall + V(không chia) I, we + Will/ shall + V (-) S + won't / shan't + V (?) Will/ shall + S +V ? Wh + will/ shall... ing Run -> Running Không với động từ V có tận ie -> y + có trạng từ t' Ving tiếp diễn ta phải chia chúng Lie -> lying đơn V có tận ic -> ick + ing Like Enjoy Want Suppors e Love Know Need Depend