www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 s 3 1. 11 13 14 17 18 52,00 Crom Cr [Ar]3d 5 4s 1 24 95,94 Mo [Kr]4d 5 5s 1 42 183,85 Vonfram W [Ar]4f 14 5d 5 6s 1 74 [226] Seabogi Sg [Ar]5f 14 6d 5 7s 1 106 54,94 Mangan Mn [Ar]3d 5 4s 2 25 [99] Tecneti Tc [Kr]4d 5 5s 2 43 186,2 Rheni Re [Ar]4f 14 5d 5 6s 2 75 [264] Bhori Bh [Ar]5f 14 6d 5 7s 2 107 55,85 Fe [Ar]3d 6 4s 2 26 101,07 Rhuteni Ru [Kr]4d 6 5s 2 44 190,2 Osmi Os [Ar]4f 14 5d 6 6s 2 76 [264] Hassi Hs [Ar]5f 14 6d 6 7s 2 108 58,93 Coban Co [Ar]3d 7 4s 2 27 102,91 Rh [Kr]4d 7 5s 2 45 192,2 Ir [Ar]4f 14 5d 7 6s 2 77 [268] Meitneri Mt [Ar]5f 14 6d 7 7s 2 109 58,69 Niken Ni [Ar]3d 8 4s 2 28 106,40 Pd [Kr]4d 8 5s 2 46 195,09 Plantin Pt [Ar]4f 14 5d 8 6s 2 78 [271] Ununnili Uun [Ar]5f 14 6d 8 7s 2 110 10,81 Bo B 1s 2 2s 2 2p 1 5 26,98 Nhôm Al [Ne]2s 2 2p 1 13 69,72 Galli Ga [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 1 31 114,8 In [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 1 49 204,4 Tali Tl [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 1 81 113 12,01 Cacbon C 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 6 28,09 Silic Si [Ne]2s 2 2p 2 14 72,61 Germani Ge [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 2 32 118,7 Sn [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 2 50 207,2 Chì Pb [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 2 82 [289] Uuq 114 14,01 N 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3 7 30,97 Photpho P [Ne]2s 2 2p 3 15 74,92 Arsenic As [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 3 33 121,8 Antimon Ab [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 3 51 209,0 Bismut Bi [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 3 83 115 16,00 Oxi O 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 8 32,07 S [Ne]2s 2 2p 4 16 78,96 Seleni Se [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 4 34 127,6 Telluri Te [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 4 52 [209] Poloni Po [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 4 84 116 19,00 Flo F 1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 9 35,45 Clo Cl [Ne]2s 2 2p 5 17 79,90 Brom Br [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 5 35 126,9 Iot I [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 5 53 [210] Astali At [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 5 85 117 1,008 Heli He 1s 2 2 20,18 Neon Ne 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 10 39,95 Argon Ar [Ne]2s 2 2p 6 18 83,80 Krypton Kr [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 p 6 36 131,3 Xenon Xe [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 p 6 54 [222] Rn [A] 5d 10 6s 2 p 6 86 118 63,55 Cu [Ar]3d 10 4s 1 29 107,87 Ag [Kr]4d 10 5s 1 47 196,97 Vàng Au [Ar]4f 14 5d 10 6s 1 79 [272] Unununi Uuu [Ar]5f 14 6d 10 7s 1 111 65,39 Zn [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 30 112,41 Cadimi Cd [Kr]4d 10 5s 2 48 200,59 Hg [Ar]4f 14 5d 10 6s 2 80 [277] Ununbi Uub [Ar]5f 14 6d 10 7s 2 112 phá phá phá phá phá 1,008 H 1s 1 1 6,94 Liti Li 1s 2 2s 1 3 22,99 Natri Na [Ne]3s 1 11 39,10 Kali K [Ar]4s 1 19 85,47 Rb [Kr]5s 1 37 132,9 Xezi Cs [Xe]6s 1 55 [223] Franxi Fr [Rn]7s 1 87 9,01 Beri Be 1s 2 2s 2 4 24,31 Magie Mg [Ne]3s 2 12 40,08 Canxi Ca [Ar]4s 2 20 87,62 Stronti Sr [Kr]5s 2 38 137,31 Bari Ba [Xe]6s 2 56 [226] Ra [Rn]7s 2 88 44,96 Sc [Ar]3d 1 4s 2 21 88,91 Yttri Y [Kr]4d 1 5s 2 39 138,9 Lantan La [Ar]5d 1 6s 2 57 [227] Actini Ac [Ar]6d 1 7s 2 89 47,87 Titan Ti [Ar]3d 2 4s 2 22 91,22 Zirconi Zr [Kr]4d 2 5s 2 40 178,5 Hafni Hf [Ar]4f 14 5d 2 6s 2 72 [261] Rf [Ar]5f 14 6d 2 7s 2 104 50,94 V [Ar]3d 3 4s 2 23 92,91 Niobi Nb [Kr]4d 3 5s 2 41 180,9 Tantal Ta [Ar]4f 14 5d 3 6s 2 73 [262] Dubni Db [Ar]5f 14 6d 3 7s 2 105 1,008 H 1s 1 1 Tên 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Li K Ba Ca Na Mg Al Mn Cr Zn Cr Fe Ni Sn Pb H 2 Cu Hg Ag Pt Au s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 Nguyên Proton (p) Electron (e) 0 – P = E = Z. A = Z + N A Z X = P +N+E = 2Z +N = A + Z electron electron Obitan (AO) (K, L, …, Q) n có n s p d f 1 3 5 7 2 6 10 14 n 2 2n 2 electron s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 Nguyên lí Pau–li: VD: – – – Sai VD: C (Z = 6) N (Z = 7): 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p … 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p i n e l e c t r o n v à o 4 s t r c 3 d 2 , p 6 , … s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 VD: 16 14 18 8 7 8 A, B, D. 16 18 8 8 A vµ D. A 1 A 2 … A n * x 1 x 2 … x n (* 1 + x 2 + … + x n = 100 %) 1 1 2 2 n n X 1 2 n A x A x A x A x x x – VD: Z = 6: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 . Z = 20: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 . Z = 22: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 2 4s 2 . 1 (A) proton và electron. (B (C) electron. (D) proton, nơtron, electron. 2 (A) A = Z + P. (B) A = Z + E. (C) A = Z + N. (D) A = 2E. 3 (A) (B) (C) (D) 12 6 X. 18 6 X. 18 12 X. 14 7 X. s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 4 (A) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s … (B) 1s 2s 2p 3s 4s 3p 3d … (C) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d … (D) 1s 2s 3s 4s 2p 3p 3d … 5 (A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 3 . (B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 1 . (C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 3p 2 . (D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 2 . 6 (A (B (C (D 7 (A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 1 . (B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 9 4s 2 . (C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 8 4s 3 . (D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 4s 1 . 4 ns 2 9 ns 2 (n-1)d 5 ns 1 10 ns 1 . 8 (A (B (C (D 26 55 26 13 26 12 X, Y vµ Z ? s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 chu kì. . VD: Na (Z = 11): [Ne] 3s 1 ; Ca (Z = 20): [Ar]4s 2 . Ô nguyên Chu kì Nhóm *). VD: – Al (Z = 13): 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 1 cùng s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 R). I). E). KL). Bz). Tính phi kim (PK). Ax). – Tính phi kim. – Tính axit. >< R, KL, Bz I, E, PK, Ax N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 CK1 CK2 CK3 CK4 R, KL, Bz I, E, PK, Ax H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca R, KL, Bz I, E, PK, Ax R), (KL), (Bz R), (KL), (Bz I), (E), (PK), (Ax I), (E), (PK), (Ax x thì x 8 – x VD: Nhóm IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Na 2 O MgO Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 P 2 O 5 SO 3 Cl 2 O 7 4 3 2 1 SiH 4 PH 3 H 2 S HCl s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 9 (A (B (C (D A (A) 5. (B) 7. (C) 9. (D) 16. B (A (B (C (D C (A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D) 1. D (A (B (C (D E Tính phi kim F A B) F, C, O, Li. C) D) F, O, C, Li. s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 G (A) I, Br, Cl, F. (B) I, Br, F, Cl. (C) F, Cl, Br, I. (D) Br, I, Cl, F. H 2 (A) Magie. (B) Nitơ. (C) Cacbon. (D) Photpho. I 2 O 5 (A) RH 5 . (B) RH 3 . (C) RH. (D) RH 2 . J (A (B (C (D K (A) M < X < Y < R. (B) Y < M < X < R. (C) R < M < X < Y. (D) M < X < R < Y. L (A) NaOH, Mg(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3 . (B) Al(OH) 3 , Mg(OH) 2 , NaOH. (C) Mg(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3 , NaOH. (D) NaOH, Al(OH) 3 , Mg(OH) 2 . . 8,56 %. trong 1 mol HClO 4 . . 4 : trong HClO 4 . a trong H 3 BO 3 37 17 Cl 35 17 Cl. 37 17 Cl 37 17 Cl 37 17 Cl 4 HClO M 37 17 Cl 10 11 B vµ B. 11 B 16 1 O vµ H). s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 x. x VD7: 2 O 5 (A (B) cacbon. (C (D) photpho. 2 O 5 3 . R = 14 (đvC) R là nitơ Đáp án C R R R M %m .100 % 82,35 % M 3 b 3 . Trong oxit mà c 3 d 2 np 4 . s www.TOPPER.com.vn | (04) 6680.0464 C u. proton và electron. (B (C) electron. (D) proton, nơtron, electron. 2 (A) A = Z + P. (B) A = Z + E. (C) A = Z + N. (D) A = 2E. 3 (A) (B) (C) (D) 12 6 X. 18 6 X. 18 12 X. 14 7 X. s www.TOPPER.com.vn