Tổng hợp lý thuyết và bài tập thì hiện tại đơn

Những động từ Verbs tận cùng bằng những chữ sau đây thì phải thêm "ES"... Những động từ Verbs tận cùng bằng "Y" thì phải xét hai 2 trường hợp sau đây.. a week/month/year ...; - Every two

The present simple tenseA.GRAMMAR: The present simple tense:

Ex: I go to school every day

She goes to school every day

b) Negative: ( phủ định )

I / We / you / they / S ( số nhiều ) do not ( don’t)

V(bareinfinitive)

Ex: I don’t go to school on Sundays

She doesn’t go to school on Sundays

c) Interrogative (nghi vấn)

infinitive ) ?

Ex1: Do you play volleyball?

→ Yes, I do / No, I don’t

Ex2 : Does Lan listen to music after school?

-Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t

+ Use: Diễn tả một sự thật ở hiên tại, một quy luật, một chân lý hiển nhiên

Diễn tả một thói quen,môt sự việc lập đi lập lại ở hiện tại, một phong tục

Note: Trong thời hiện tại thường, các ngôi (thứ nhất số ít/nhiều, thứ 3 số nhiều) được chia như ví dụtổng quát 1/ trên đây, riêng ngôi thứ 3 (ba) số ít (He, she, it - Tom, John, Hoa ), ta cần lưu ý các quytắc sau:

1 Phải thêm "s" vào sau động từ ở câu khẳng định ( V+s)

Ví dụ: He likes reading books

She likes pop music

- Câu phủ định (Xem ví dụ tổng quát 2/ trên đây )

- Câu nghi vấn? (Xem ví dụ tổng quát 2/ trên đây)

2 Ngoài việc "s" vào sau động từ, ta phải đặc biệt chú ý những trường hợp sau:

2.1 Những động từ (Verbs) tận cùng bằng những chữ sau đây thì phải thêm "ES"

[Hoang Huyen]

S, X, Z, CH, SH, O (do,go) + ES

Ví dụ: miss misses

mix mixesbuzz buzzeswatch watcheswash washes

do does

go goes

Ví dụ: He often kisses his wife before going to work

Tom brushes his teeth everyday

2.2 Những động từ (Verbs) tận cùng bằng "Y" thì phải xét hai (2) trường hợp sau đây

 Nếu trước Y là nguyên âm (vowel) thì sẽ chia như quy tắc 2.1 trên đây Y Y +S

We play She/he plays

Ví dụ: She plays the piano very well

 Nếu trước Y là phụ âm (consonant) thì sẽ chia như sau:

- Always, usually, often, not often, sometimes, occasionally, never;

- Everyday, every week/month/year , on Mondays, Tuesdays, , Sundays

- Once/twice / three times a week/month/year ;

- Every two weeks, every three months (a quarter)

- Whenever, every time, every now and then, every now and again, every so often

 Cách phát âm: Với các ngôi thứ ba (3) số ít, đuôi "S" được đọc như sau:

Cách đọc Các động từ có kết thúc với đuôi

/s/ F, K, P, T

/iz/ S, X, Z, CH, SH, CE, GE + ES

01> Cách dùng thì hiện tại đơn trong tiếng anh

Thì hiện tại đơn (The simple present) là một thì rất quan trọng trong tiếng Anh và được dùng thường xuyên để diễn tả :

Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để chỉ thói quen hằng ngày:

 They drive to the office every day Hằng ngày họ lái xe đi làm.

 She doesn't come here very often Cô ấy không đến đây thường xuyên.

Hoang_Huyen/Diplomatic_Acedemy_of_Vietnam/hghuyen_zzz@yahoo.com/01258.288.266

 Do you usually have bacon and eggs for breakfast? Họ thường ăn sáng với bánh mì

và trứng phải không?

Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để chỉ 1 sự việc hay sự thật hiển nhiên:

 We have two children Chúng tôi có 2 đứa con.

 Water freezes at 0° C or 32° F Nước đóng băng ở 0° C hoặc 32° F.

 What does this expression mean? Cụm từ này có nghĩa là gì?

 The Thames flows through London Sông Thames chảy qua London.

Sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai theo thời gian biểu hay lịch trình:

 Christmas Day falls on a Monday this year Năm nay giáng sinh rơi vào ngày thứ Hai.

 The plane leaves at 5.00 tomorrow morning Máy bay cất cánh vào lúc 5 giờ sáng ngày mai.

 Ramadan doesn't start for another 3 weeks Ramadan sẽ không bắt đầu trong 3 tuần tới.

 Does the class begin at 10 or 11 this week? Lớp học sẽ bắt đầu sẽ ngày 10 hay 11 tuần này vậy?

Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để chỉ suy nghĩ và cảm xúc tại thời điểm nói (Tuy những suy nghĩ

và cảm xúc này có thể chỉ mang tính nhất thời và không kéo dài chúng ta vẫn dùng thì hiện tại đơn chứ không dùng hiện tại tiếp diễn.)

 They don't ever agree with us Họ chưa bao giờ đồng ý với chúng ta.

 I think you are right Tôi nghĩ anh đúng.

 She doesn't want you to do it Cô ấy không muốn anh làm điều đó.

 Do you understand what I am trying to say? Anh có hiểu tôi đang muốn nói gì không thế?

02> Cấu trúc của thì hiện tại đơn

+ I use internet everyday

+ She often goes to school

at 7 o’ clock

Câu phủ định: S +

do not/don't + V + (O)

S + does not/doen't + V + (O)

Vd :

I don’t think soShe does not like it

Câu nghi vấn: (Từ để hỏi +) Do/does + S + V + (O)?

Vd: What does she

do ?(Từ để hỏi +) Don't/doesn't + S + V + (O)?

Vd: Why don’t you study Enghlish ?(Từ để hỏi +) Do/does

S + not + V + (O)?

Vd: Why does she not goes to beb now ?

03> Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại đơn

1 Thì hiện tại đơn dùng để diễn tả những sự việc mà bạn thường xuyên làm, hoặc thói quencủa bạn ở hiện tại Ví dụ: I go to school every day

[Hoang Huyen]

 Câu với chữ “EVERY”: Every day (mỗi ngày), every year (mỗi năm), every month (mỗi tháng), every afternoon (mỗi buổi trưa), every morning (mỗi buổi sáng), every evening (mỗi buổi tối)…

 Câu với chữ : Once a week (một lần 1 tuần), twice a week (2 lần một tuần), three times a week (ba lần một tuần), four times a week (bốn lần một tuần), five times a week (5 lần một tuần), once a month, once a year…

 Câu với những từ sau: always, usually, often, sometimes, never, rarely…

LƯU Ý: Khi chủ từ là số nhiều hoặc là I, WE, YOU,THEY, thì động từ ta giữ nguyên.

 Ví dụ 1: I go to school every day

 Ví dụ 2: Lan and Hoa go to school every day ( Lan và Hoa là 2 người vì vậy là số nhiều)

Khi chủ từ là số ít hoặc là HE, SHE, IT thì ta phải thêm “S” hoặc “ES” cho động từ Với những động từ tận cùng là o, s, sh, ch, x ,z, ta thêm “ES”, những trường hợp còn lại thêm

“S” Ví dụ: watch → watches, live → lives

Riêng động từ tận cùng bằng “Y” mà trước ý là một phụ âm thì ta đổi “Y” thành “I” rồi thêm

ES Ví dụ: study → studies, carry → carries, fly → flies

-Exercises

Ex1 Give the correct form of verbs in the brackets

1 Nam often (do) ………his homework

2 Minh ( watch ) ……… television every

night

3 Would you like ( play )………… …

badminton?

4 Hoa ( not have ) ……… a lot of friends in Hue

5 The students (not go ) ……… to school on

Sundays

6 Mai ( not have) Math on monday

7 You ( be) in class 6B?

8 What time you ( start) your class?

9 Everyday my sister (watch) TV

10 Nam (go ) ………… to the English clubevery Saturday

11 Nan always ( play ) basketball in the winter

12 Ba and Nam ( not be)……… doctors

13 He is tired He’d like (sit ) down

14 His father (not be) ……… ……….abusinessman

15 Nga ( be ) my friend He (play) games everyday

16 We (not read) books after lunch

17 Your children ( play) soccer everyafternoon?

Ex2 Choose a correct answer to complete the following statements

1 Do you play games ? - No, I ( do / don’t)

2 Jack’s brother (watches / watch ) TV everyday

3 We have geography ( on / at ) Wednesday

4 What time does Lan ( finish / finishes) her classes every Friday?

5 Tuan and Hung ( listen / listens ) to music after school

6 Our children (have / has) dinner at half past five

7 He ( don’t / doesn’t) have a big breakfast every morning

8 She goes ( home / house) at a quarter past four in the afternoon

9 (Do / does) your father read newspaper before breakfast?

10 What do your students ( do / does) after school?

Ex3 Rewrite the following statements so as to stay the same meaning

1 Lan is Ba’ sister Ba

2 My school has 700 students There

3 It is a school bag The school bag is big It

Hoang_Huyen/Diplomatic_Acedemy_of_Vietnam/hghuyen_zzz@yahoo.com/01258.288.266

5 Are there four windows in her room? Does

6 Mr and Mrs Ha has a daughter Mr and Mrs Ha

Ex4 Fill in the gap with a suitable word A: Hi What (1) do you get up? B: I get up at half(2) six A: Do you go to school at a (3) past seven B: No, I don’t I go to school at seven o’clock A: When do (4) classes start? B: They (5) at 7.00 and (6) at 11.30 A: What do you do (7) school? B: I go home and(8) lunch A: What do you do (9) the afternoon? A: I stay(10) home and do my homework B: Do you (11) sports? A: Yes, I play soccer and badminton Ex5 Match the words or phrasers in A,B,C appropriately. A B C Half past six twelve fifteen 5.30 A quarter to nine five thirty 12.15 A quater past twelve eigth twenty-five 6 30 Half past five six thirty 8 25 Twety-five past eight eight forty-five 8.45 EX6 Fill a or an into the gaps in the following statements 1 There is armchair, stool and table in his room 2 What’s this? – It’s eraser 3 Mr.Hoang is doctor 4 There is lamp on the table 5 Is your father engineer? 6 No, he isn’t He’s teacher 7 We live in house on Ngo Quyen street EX7 Read the passage and answer True or False. Minh is my classmate She is twelve years old There are five people in her family: Her father, her mother, her brother, her and her Her father is forty nine years old He’s a doctor Her mother is thirty-five and she is a nurse Her brother is twenty-three He is an engineer Her sister is eighteen and she is a students 1 T Minh is twelve years old 2 .Minh is a student 3 Her father is 45 years old 4 Her mother is a nurse 5 .Her brother is a student, too 6 .Her sister is 18 years old Ex 8: Put “DO or DOES” into the following sentences to make questions 9…… the students study hard every day?→ ………

10…….Mr Brown go to his office every day?→ ………

11… you want cream and sugar in your coffee?→ ………

12…….the children go to bed very early?→ ………

13 …that girl come from South Africa?→ ……….………

14……you know that Italian student?→ ……… ……

15……Miss Lan prefer coffee to tea?→ ………

16…your English lessons seem very difficult?→ ………

[Hoang Huyen]

Ex 9: Make questions from the words given.

17 does / what time / get up / she→ ………….… ……… ?– At seven o’clock

18 for / does / have / breakfast / she / what→…………? – A bread and an egg

19 to work / she / does / go / how→ ……… ?– By bus

20 she / does / what / in the evening / do→ ……… ? – She watches television

21 bed / time / does / go to / what / she→ ……… ? – At nine o’clock

Ex10 :Make questions for these sentences with questions words.

1 Long often goes to school at 6.30 => What

1 I _ (be) a student.

a are

b is

c am

2 My father excuses when

I feel like going to the cinema

1 My husband and his colleague

golf whenever they are not

3 Barbara usually dinner

for her husband after work

5 John very hard in class, but I

don't think he'll pass the course

9 Jo is so smart that she every

exam without even trying

Ex 4:

1 When father (come back), will we go out?

2 My mother (prepare, usually) breakfast at 10 a.m

3 Every morning, Mark (drive) his children to school

4 I _ (not, speak) Italian when I'm at school

5 (like, you) drinking coffee?

6 I hate living here because it _ (rain, always)

7 Those shoes _ (cost) too much

8 I _ (visit, never) my grandma on Fridays

9 The earth _ (go) around the sun

10 I (be) broke!

Ex 5: Rewrite the sentence in negative form

1) We _ handball at school (not/to play)

2) Laura her room (not/to clean)

3) Mark _ his homework (not/to do)

4) Susan and Jerry _ TV (not/to watch)

5) They at 6.30 (not/to wake up)

6) You shopping (not/to go)

7) Mrs Smith _ a big box (not/to carry)

8) My brother English (not/to teach)

9) The teachers _ stories (not/to tell)

10) I _ in a plane (not/to fly)

Ex 6: Make a yes/no question

1) They play volleyball every week

2) John is nice

[Hoang Huyen]

3) This car makes a lot of noise

4) I like computer games

5) We are from Greece

6) You wear pullovers

7) They speak English

1 I _ (be) a student.

y are

z is

aa am

2 My father excuses when

I feel like going to the cinema

1 My husband and his colleague

golf whenever they are not

3 Barbara usually dinner

for her husband after work

5 John very hard in class, but I

don't think he'll pass the course

9 Jo is so smart that she every

exam without even trying

1 When father (come back), will we go out?

2 My mother (prepare, usually) breakfast at 10 a.m

3 Every morning, Mark (drive) his children to school

4 I _ (not, speak) Italian when I'm at school

5 (like, you) drinking coffee?

6 I hate living here because it _ (rain, always)

7 Those shoes _ (cost) too much

8 I _ (visit, never) my grandma on Fridays

9 The earth _ (go) around the sun

10 I (be) broke!

Ex 5: Rewrite the sentence in negative form

1) We _ handball at school (not/to play)

2) Laura her room (not/to clean)

3) Mark _ his homework (not/to do)

4) Susan and Jerry _ TV (not/to watch)

5) They at 6.30 (not/to wake up)

6) You shopping (not/to go)

7) Mrs Smith _ a big box (not/to carry)

8) My brother English (not/to teach)

9) The teachers _ stories (not/to tell)

10) I _ in a plane (not/to fly)

Ex 6: Make a yes/no question

1) They play volleyball every week

2) John is nice

3) This car makes a lot of noise

6) You wear pullovers

7) They speak English

8) He watches TV

9) I am from Spain

10) Steve draws nice pictures

I Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện Tại Đơn:

1 I (be) at school at the weekend

2 She (not study) on Friday

3 My students (be not) hard working

4 He (have) a new haircut today

5 I usually (have) breakfast at 7.00

6 She (live) in a house?

7 Where _your children (be) ?

8 My sister (work) in a bank

9 Dog (like) meat

10 She (live) in Florida

11 It (rain) almost every day in Manchester

12 We (fly) to Spain every summer

13 My mother (fry) eggs for breakfast every morning

14 The bank (close) at four o'clock

15 John (try) hard in class, but I (not think) he'll pass

16 Jo is so smart that she (pass) every exam without even trying

17 My life (be) so boring I just (watch) TV every night

18 My best friend (write) to me every week

19 You (speak) English?

20 She (not live) in Hai Phong city

II Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Qúa Khứ Đơn:

1.The homework ………very difficult yesterday.(be)

2 The children ……….in the park five minutes ago.(play)

3, I………late for school yesterday(be)

4, ………… you ………… to the zoo yesterday ?(go)

5, They ……… home yesterday(return)

7,Yesterday was Sunday Mr Tam ……….go to school( not go)

8, I……….very funny on my last vacation ( be)

9, She ………last night (not come)

10, When………… you ………… your exercises?- Last night.(do)

11, I ………her at the movie theater last night.(meet)

12, Last Sunday he ……… to the English club ( not go)

13, My father (not watch) TV last night but I ……… (do)

14, Last year, my family (go)………to Nghe An It (be)…….my husband’s family We (feel)

………very happy to meet our relatives We (do)……… a lot of things In the morning ,we used to (go )………to the fields, we (grow)……… rice In the afternoon, we (swim)

……… in the river In the evening, we (watch)………TV and (talk )……… about many things

III Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn:

2/ They (meet) their teacher at the moment

3/ We (visit ) _the museum at the moment

1 John (not read) a book now

2 What you (do) tonight?

3 Silvia (not listen) to music at the moment

4 Maria (sit) next to Paul right now

5 He _always (make) noisy at night

6 Where your husband (be) ?

7 My children (be) _ upstairs now They (play) games

8 Look! The bus (come)

9 He always (borrow) _me money and never (give) _back

10 While I (do) my housework, my husband (read) _ books

11 He ( not paint) his pictures at the moment

12 We ( not plant) the herbs in the garden at present

13 They ( make) _ the artificial flowers of silk now?

14 Your father ( repair) your motorbike at the moment

15 Look! The man ( take) the children to the cinema

16 Listen! The teacher ( explain) a new lesson to us

17 Ba ( study _Math very hard now

18 We ( have) dinner in a restaurant right now

19 I ( watch) TV with my parents in the living room now

20 Some people( not drink) _coffee now

IV Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Qúa Khứ Tiếp Diễn:

1 Yesterday at six I (prepare) _dinner,

2 The kids (play) _in the garden when it suddenly to rain

3 I (practise) the guitar when he came home