Plural nouns 3rd – singular verbs /s/ /ks/ / ∫ / /t∫/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /z/ glasses boxes wishes churches garages pages bruises misses mixes washes matches massages stages rises ọc là Đọc là
Trang 112 THE PRONUNCIATION Of THE ENDINGS: -S/ES and -ED
A Cách phát âm đuôi S/ES của động từ ngôi thứ ba số ít, danh từ số nhiều
Đọc là /S/ nếu sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm nh /k/, /p/, /f// (-gh, -ph),/θ(-th),/t/.
Plural nouns 3 rd – singular verbs
/p/
/t/
/f/
/k/
/θ/
maps /mổps/
cats / kổts / laughs / lɑ:fs / books / buks / lengths / leηθs /
stops / stops/
calculates /'kổlkjuleits/
laughs / l a:fs /
attacks / ə'tổks /
Đọc là /IZ/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng âm /ks/ x), /∫/ (sh), /t∫/ ch), /s/ (-ss), /dʒ/ (-ge), /ʒ/ (ze), /z/ (-se, -z)).
Plural nouns 3rd – singular verbs
/s/
/ks/
/ ∫ /
/t∫/
/ʒ/
/dʒ/
/z/
glasses boxes wishes churches garages pages bruises
misses mixes washes matches massages stages rises
ọc là Đọc là /Z/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm còn lại, và tất cả các nguyên âm.
Plural nouns 3rd – singular verbs
/b/
/v/
/d/
/g/
/l/
/m/
/n/
/η/
/ou/
/ei/
/e /
cubs caves beds eggs hills rooms pens rings potatoes days hairs
robs lives reads digs fills comes learns brings goes plays wears
*Notes:
I Choose the word that show the –s ending is pronounced
Exercise 1: Circle the word which has the underlined part pronounced as:
Trang 28./iz/ problems shares washes
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
1. A neighbors B friends C relatives D photographs
2. A snacks B follows C titles D writers
3. A streets B phones C books D makes
4. A cities B satellites C series D workers
5. A develops B takes C laughs D volumes
6. A explains B wakes C phones D names
7. A phones B streets C books D makes
8. A proofs B regions C lifts D rocks
9. A involves B believes C suggests D steals
10. A serves B blocks C banks D tourists
11. A remembers B cooks C walls D pyramids
12. A miles B words C accidents D names
13. A sports B plays C households D minds
14. A makes B views C reads D decides
15. A albums B tanks C shops D plants
16. A gets B loves C sings D buys
17. A collects B.cooks C swims D claps
18. A stamps B friends C relatives D guitars
19. A envelops B tunes C books D guitarists
20. A athletics B participants C efforts D skills
21. A things B engineers C scientists D individuals
22. A parks B animals C planets D environments
23. A helps B provides C documents D texts
B Cách phát âm đuôi ED của động từ có quy tắc.
Đọc là /id/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /d/ hoặc /t/.
need – needed decide – decided want – wanted start – started
Đọc là /t/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /k/, /p/, /f/ (-gh,-ph), /s/, /∫/ (-sh), /t∫/ (-ch), /θ/ (-th), /ks/ (-x)
wash – washed book – booked stop – stopped watch – watched fax – faxed
Đọc là /d/ sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm còn lại.
play – played plan – planned offer – offered bathe – bathed call – called borrow – borrowed
*Notes:
* Các tính từ tận cùng bằng ED thì đuôi ED cũng đợc phát âm nh cách phát âm của động từ có quy tắc
Tuy nhiên, một số tính từ cổ tận cùng bằng -ed, hoặc một số trạng từ tận cùng bằng -edly, thì -ed đợc
phát âm là /id/.
Adjectives:
/id/ naked : khỏa thân crooked : cong, oằn ragged : nhàu, cũ wretched : khốn khổ
Adverbs:
/id/ deservedly : xứng đáng supposedly: cho là markedly : một cách rõ ràng, đáng chú ý allegedly :
cho rằng
Exercise1: Check the correct column according to how the ed- is pronounced:
Talked, missed, naked, called, occurred, wretched, invited, polluted, studied, closed,
laughed, markedly, collected, rugged, watched, rented, robbed, devervedly, looked, ended,
Trang 3demanded, washed, started, needed, boiled, enjoyed, plugged, named, singed, faxed, followed, filled, robbed, passed, finished, printed, explained, waited, wailed, exceeded, played, stayed, showed, worked, touched.
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
24. A invited B attended C celebrated D displayed
25. A removed B washed C hoped D missed
26. A knocked B naked C stopped D called
27. A looked B laughed C moved D stepped
28. A wanted B parked C stopped D watched
29. A laughed B passed C suggested D placed
30. A believed B prepared C involved D liked
31. A lifted B lasted C happened D decided
32. A practiced B ranged C washed D touched
33. A collected B changed C formed D viewed
34. A walked B entertained C reached D looked
35. A watched B stopped C pushed D improved
36. A approached B stocked C developed D painted
37. A admired B looked C missed D hoped
38. A played B admired C liked D called
39. A collected B discarded C watched D wanted
40. A placed B practiced C stopped D named
41. A hoped B attracted C added D participated
42. A equipped B delivered C transferred D received
43. A worked B pumped C watched D contented
44. A sponsored B answered C enjoyed D locked
45. A played B traveled C stayed D looked
46. A dived B stopped C cooked D replaced
47. A protected B destroyed C included D needed
48. A stationed B belonged C established D studied
49. A parked B watched C endangered D stopped
50. A studied B raised C played D worked