Nen kinh te luirn grlp [hung hrxing chr.r lii lo cki cp - l.ling cirtcong erL li nrir nhLr c/s tai khoh- tiin lq sa g6p phin in dinh ntii tr rrirnu kirrlr te Vi n'r6 =' r'ai trir: dr.r1
Trang 1\ci\ fi i\c ( ir r.ror L.r( sL (.,\L lr(x ft r|yr:i r
l\l\ll I ll
( ;u l Gi:i tri hine hoa chinh li su plvin inh sii tri tii t6
(ire nlrrr rinh siing mit trinq l?i su phdn chi6{ A/S mil lrdi.
h.n rdi
\\'.t,{ l(r-ll - 1687) lar ntdt troNg nhung ngudi saurg liip ra hoc
.nu\ i:r kini t.i tr.ri'rr,l phrii c;' Jiin Jlll (,ng la rrgtrcri ip drrng
phLrorg phrip rruii rlonq nghidn ciru khoa hoc dr.rcrc goi li phr.runr
l-.hip khoa hoc t!| nhien \\'.1'eLt)
gii ca hing hoit (i6nr gih cii tu nhiin vri giir ca chinh tli.'lir1 vd1
li thurl-dt giir tri lao dring cua 6ng con nhi6u han che chlra phin
hi.;t drrrrc circ llrrn trir gia tri giri ca vi gid tfi
ing rip tlung nghiCn cirLr r,d giri ca m6t bdn lir hing hod m6t ben
li lian tLir 1r\ irn! Inii chir i nqhi6n ciru !e n1all ILftine C)nq chi
eitri hon lao d6ng tao ra gif tf! phu thu6c ldo ddng khai lh{ic ldng
l6ng lih.ir- )uo tlirng khric chi tro n0n cuu cai o nrirc dir so sinh
\{ii l.r!r dinrg txl) fu lien
\1 , \ \\ ,'\l .r,, f; : ,,\1 'n- t.1,, t LiLI t],,.t l:' r,'J,,rr!
r, r.r: iri|1r,r , || ,.1, 1,' pirr' I'rr" ' , ,i.rrrirr,r ti.,,
., , t ir.'! 1., l;, .' rrr:rn:rrrlrur-r ttt rr-, Liirr rr-l rlrrt irtlr ,rlrrc
rr|lt lrir13 lll sLr phai chiiu cua inh sing r'Dal lf(li dng di khirng
lhir clrroc ritng tiin rlo lrirn thrri gian tich lirm hui rntit b0r li
hlLng hr.,l thirng thLlirng m6t b€n li tidn gi/r cr [\ str bi6Lr hien
l'lring tiin cLrtr gii
tri-' lr,, Jr-,lg la clu cirn elit d"ri lir rn.- t-ua cia cai ddl' lir Iuin
-lianr na,l tiCng ',r1rns li Llrul ct gii tli liio <jirng cua 6ng .
- XIL \ e nrit cur ciri (giar tfi su dlng) lhi irng dri neu lOu duou
rtgu,rrr gic eu:t c,tt Dir h liL', drlnB curL c,rn ngLriri Kit hop v,ii
veu t6 tF nhien I)i6u ndv phan hnh' .SX d0 tLio ra cira cii
- \t:t vi plrrrtrnr Jir'rr siir tli thi luin diim tri'n li sai Chinh PeLt;
cho rnng giri tli thdi gian lao d6ng hao phi quy dinh nhung sau dd
(\rg di rrhirl lln lao dirng riri tLr cAch Li ngu6n gcic cLia giri tri
i,iri lao ding tLt c/rch lir ngudn g6c cLia gid tri su dung Ong chua
rh.u I iirrtlrr.r, I nlr 'riri nt!it irr:r ho.rt dun; srrr ru:ir hirrg lrui J,j
li lro Ja)n! cu lhi sln \Lrit lllo ding lfirLr tlr(tng I iro d{ing cLr thi
Lao |a gih u i sLr lr,rng cirn lurr dirn! tfiLr tuong !d() r'o gii tl'i
CNT'I snng K'l C-l lir e 6 ali6n
I rd loi
* l.i IuAn gi.1 ui W.Pc[y
lr1)ng thc pham biin ve thui khoi vd li phi (16(12) \\'.1'cn1
nghien ciru r 0 gii ca chia ui/r cd thAnh hai loai giri cri tu nhien vA
uii cri chinh L|i.
- ( ir -J lr rl).t'rr u! hrrr 1'ltr 10,\ LrQrr! q.rt ,.linf r rt n!ng suut licr
lons c(i arli1 hLrrrng clerr nruc hao phi do (iid ca tu nhicn li giri tri
;ua hing hoii- Nhrt vi1, irng la ngurii cliu ti6n tim thil)'co sd cia
ai5 ca tu nhi6n li lao d6ng thi) dtroc quan h0 giria luong giri t|i
vd rdng suit lao dQng .
-) K6t ludn: Sir luung lao d6ng = nhau bd vdo sdn xu6t ld co sq dd
*r sinh gii tri \rint h6r gid c:r tLr nhiCn (gii tlir- t) le nghich voi
NS lao dting khai th6c vdnB r,a bac
- Cii ca chinh tri ohinh li gid ca thi tlurrng cua hing hoi phu
thuirc vio nhidu ydu t6 ngiu nhi6n vi kh6 xdc dinh CP lao d6ng
lrong giii cs ohinh tri l.hur'rng cac htr[ chi phi lao dong tt otl!: gili
J Lrr nhian
CN I l ( )ng chi tirp chung nglrii:n criu nit lurrng nghia ki
rghitln cirLr r i ciri cri nrdt bin la hllr,r hor mtit h0rr l,r tien tt Ong
uini han gia thiit diio tao gii tri trung lao d6ng khai thdc ving r.i
brc Chc loai lao dting khiic chi so sdnh r,<!i lao d6ng tao la tiin
l.j (;i?i [i hing hrru ll su phun rnh gii Lfi lic tc .
- i\'lic dir b! inh huctng cr.ra phii T f nhung trong trLLong phii thi
trrrihg Lhr tho rnrln rrii r.ide dtn thLrin.ltra ra nhrlrg bi6n phlp
kinh t6 ha\ chr flLru r.i lai rrhLlrng hien tuong liinh te theo kinh
rrghiin: nhiL W.l'c!l) dd tiip carlr \.Ji cric clu\ l iil khiich quan =l
nghitn cuir Iinh ruc.sun xuit.
- 1'rong nhing t/y d6u tion W.Petty cdn mang neng tu tuqng'l"l
\<
I.rln!: tlill ! r - it i,i e irrr, tr.r i'rr-,: trr kn,rrr J,r tr" lr ru?'
C N l -l Ong li ngui)i diilr tien nhin n1+ni-r I c kh,ch rlrun ou.r
nhlirs qu] hrar r:i( dnnr tnnrc \lllB.
Ciu J Pttv lir ngudiddt ||e rn6 g ch{' giii rri lao (l6he
T!'l ldi
liinh bd} li luiin gio tl.i l!r(' da)ng: Ciiii ca llr rlhien r0 gid ca rhifh
tr'! (criu 2t - dng la ngrriri diu tiin di tinr thil chr sfr ciia 8id ca tu nhi0n lA lao ddng, thil dtrtrc qLran hC giiLir lu(rng gii u i vr nlnr.l su6r lao d(ing (rj le nghich )
-) llgn chd mang nirng
- Li luin n0) r'ur rin! rli Ju.rc AJirn Snrith ki thui \i plrjr t ien
6ng di d*a ru I rrghidinh rii tr'i u.ro Ji'i li J,' Iao J!'nr tu\ir
dinh gid lri li J.' h"o phi Lr,' donr- di sarr ru.it ru hirn,: h,r, trrr, r ,linh lli1.l" K n l'rrrg Jin rc gir tri nhrrng i lg.i;'phai r.l 1i.
ca sin \ual
- D6n Ricando.Ong di phAn biet clLrge hai Lhu6c tirrh cur hang nod \ a dit rtuc rJ uLt lal oil\ dr] :
" gih tli cLia hing hori hly s6 luung cLra ntlt hine ho:i nuo dri
kh/tc nrii hdng hoii d(' tlir{) dali I; do sd iL(ug lao d(,ng tuirng d,ll .iirt thirt ,le \r.) \.r.,1 r'.r h.rr'" r,,j J ' qrr-ru J rh , rr tlr: r,l
nquvln nhlln crrlr hirrrc hriir c:r) r.lii tri trlr Ji'i Ong da ( ti( ii
MaN(j n(')t ich {iilirrh rirrg gii tril'rirrng hr}il !iarn Llri rrirrrSr sLrit
lao dOng ling l.;n {JLt doiur thiin l.ii cun \f l'ctt) iJi duLrt r'ug
lLr0n chimg )
- ( hr krri ,lin \l.r rt itrr! rn,'i oh:rr lri, t ,u ' l i\ | r'lr ((r'r lr:, r'
hori clir ki gii tli su clung liL gid Lli c(i slr thorg nhril hii.n churlt
I)i1 la chia drl khoh gidi qurit nrot lort !'iii ' ir ila tr'()ng KlNll
Nhu v,ry W lrclt) di dirt ndn nr(rng cho hing holi gii tli 'lir
nhirng li luin cLra 6ng clc nhri kinh te hoc d.r ki thrfa !n phat Lridn li luin d6 rd klri dLroc hoir rhi0n Lrdi Ma rk di1 li c6ng lao
to ldn clra ong
CAu 4.Ad Smith Ii nhi li hin gi6 tri lao tl6ns soue li luin eii lri cia 6oe vin chua dusc nhi6u ri sai liur.
'I ri ldi
* Li luan gi.i tli cr'ra Adam Smith
.\JJrnSrnitll { |7: l- |7o0l J.l md r.r ;ru l,,:rl nh.,r rfiilr nrrr r.:
sLr phiil tfien clc hoc thLr) et kinh ta Ong di siu phin tich ban ch,rt de tim ra cic clul luiit sr.r
"-rin dring cua ciic hiclu tLrcrng |i cie
que trinh kinh ta.
SF rirt $.1)clt-\ r.r tIu.irr;1'h.ri tt1.,n! nnnr l) tLr.\iL gi.r th cr l:r,' Jon$ cuir 4.\rn:tlr i,' lnrtri tiin J n', *'
( uing cht ll f!t):.1 ril ca crc l,riri lJ'' (l 'rli '.rrt rtr.il .iiu Lir, rr rtir tri lao d6ng II thLrtic do curii cung cLra gih tii.
- Ph6n bi0t lrl ling gi,r lfi ru dung \,,r giri tri lfao dOi vu kdinh (iil
lfi su dung khdng lu1 dinh gii Lli h'&) d(ii Ong birc br) quan
.licrrr iclr lgi qu)cl Jinjr giri Lr' trLrr',.lui
- Khi phrin tich giar t.i hdng hoi: (iiir tri dtroc bi0u hi.:n r: giir Lri
Lran doi cuu hinr.: hll tr',rrtt nrrli (lL.rr rr( \,ii ,i lu"r' : hirrt: lr,'lr kh-dc cdn tfLJng nen sln sudt ir.rng lroi ph,rt tr.in rr,' Ju,rL hiiLr
nlen ('l|en
- Ong chi ra lLrong gii tri hdng hoe do lao dirng hao phi lao d6ng trung binh can thi€t quy dinh l,ao ddng giiin don vd lao dting
phfc tirp iinh huung khAc nhau den luqng gii tri hang hoir lri,ug
cing mQt thdi gian lao dQng chul en nrdn phuc t(rp \a tao ra m6t luong gii tri nhieu hon so vdi lao ddng co chul.€n m6n ha) lao
dOnB gii.ln dsn
- l'hrin bidt giri ca tu nhitn r n giii cil thi ulLilng I gii ca Llr nhiin la
tri0u hi0n: tidn cua gi.1 tfi Ong l(hirng dinh hrinr hoi du<rc bin
theo gid cd tlr rrhi0n neu gii ca dti ngang vrii muc ciln thict di tro
cllo lien luong- rJia tir r ir loi nhuln -l heo r'rnu giii cr tr.L nhiir lti
l lul tanr gii tu thi urhn! l-r !,i:l t'.in thr.te Li.rr:r :rrr!h,,.rr:i ri.,
nil nhit ttirrii pir uir trr nniin lihiJuuc du f.l tlri 11u,411 ',,,1 ,',
luong dLr "thoi m.-rn llrong ciiu thuc le' - (iiii cr tlr nhitn c(i ti|1l')
chAt khlch,.1r-t:rn cirn l iri cr tlri tfrni.l! ph!r tlr.r6c rjn nhr.rnt.rrrr
ld nhlr quan h9 cLrng ciu r a circ loai quun h.; dLrcrng khltc . + VlAu thudn ld sai linr :
- Dua fa hai dirlh nghia: I *girl tli to;in diim Li ikr lao ddng qu),
dinh giii LIi lir do hao phi lao d6ng d€ san ruir ra hing holi qd'
+ Ci6 tri cda m6t hdng = tl6ng nrd nho
Trang 2I
Jri cti th0 mlta tltLirc .
- r l):i1 ,i cli€u sai liur lirin quiin cllu Adam Snrith Ong di tlua
riro hien tri("ng nrrlt bin ii chLr nghia lao dirng cllo nhi\ L$ ban
- \ r 1.,r !hinir l utrg :'rr t"i lri,r h".i lh(,, i'.r! uf irg 'rn \uir
ILL biir chti rlLhil tiin llr(rrg lr-r-i nhuitt r ii tlia tt'r li liu ngua)n ga)c
-1iu tiau cu!.dr(rl t[Ll nl']i'rp- ci[rg r]h(r cirx m9i 1.lii ui1zlc dor-!I A
Smith coi rian I!(, r19 loi ihuin \ ii clid ta lir nguon gdc ddu tier
: tlir rrui rh.r rrlriJ' J,i li !u:r' Ji;nr .Jurrg Llnn S,rrrg ring l.ri linr o
lric iirng Ong ciir lln kln hli r rin c10 hlnh thinh gii ui vir phin
phor gii tri- hon nird fln_s cing \en1 tl'rudng tu birn bdt bitn d: coi
siil lr i r() { \ -n) )
cau 5 r :rnit! tli sai lirn tr'orr.g quan ni6m vi ro tiu qi6 tri.
ririr.l.do clii bh:ic phdc \,:i siiA chfr'a sni l:im d6 nhirns viin
chua tiiet d6
lri ldi
- Ndu li.luin cua A Snrith vi ccr ciu gi/r tli (cdu tren)
I lan chi: chi cri r i nr khirng crl c.
- l).r, iJ Il,e.rrJ,.Ll.l ptr l).,ljnlr rilr,'rg lriir Lli klri,rrg nhit qurn
Jlcnr \ i (ir( \.r( Jinh !ir Lfi c!.a \ sn)ith { gi.r thiit bi.urg rao
-ldng mLra rlLroc ) l) Ilicaxlo kien tJinh r rii quan dien: lao cl6ng
lii ngrlilu gdc gi.i tfi ca)ng llo lo l{'n cua Onll dii dLrcrc dirng trtn
iluurl Jia'nr Ll(i Ji \ic dinh li luin kh(i.r hoc cuu nlinh t)a)n_c thoi
.'rrr,l;irn\: phi ph;in r\ jrrith ehrr ring giri tri Irr Llr cac nSurln sdc
{hu nhil h('f rh:lnh lhco 6n.r !iri tlj hirng hoi lhong phtri do cic
rrslra)r thu nh.il) ho| thinh nrii nelrrrc lai duoc phlin thanh circ
r.uri'n thLr ill)if.
Vt co cau gi6 tri hirng hira ong cirrrg cri 1' ki€n khlc vrii sai lirn
$ii', Jiin cu.t A.Smith hr, e lu rrgr'.ri ,.riu lnicl lrJn! hoJ ( )r! (ho
fing : lia thia'l hang hori kh6ng chi d() lao don-ll tl.trc tiop tao fa
nrir cdn lrl l.lo d6rg crirr lhidt trLr(rc d(t nira nhu lriy n')c nhd
.rriin:.:Il,rL,,Ilj(., l,ii.r i,;( I - , h ,, Jir \ li m.ii h,rinrhrrrlr
-1ooc cdng lhiLc tinb giii dri6t hin! ho.'L: c+vnr
l(ic.rrJ!' di Lo rrhimg rrh6rr \ct tiin gin Jcn loi nhudn lq dng
rho rlrrg nhirng tu bin c6 dl,ri lLrong : nhau thi dcm l?i lqi nhuan
nhrr r.lriu \hrrn8 cirrrg lihdng chung minh rluui ri dng hiiu dutrr
gid cir sdn xudt I heo dng slr chenh iech giDa gi6 cd vAr gi6 tri ld
ngoai 16 rrcn lhuc te chr c6
-si6 tfi chu kh6ng c6 gi6 cA sen \uat
N{i dri chi ra co cliu la h6o gi6 tri thang dlr thinh loi nhudn bc vir
ri tri hirrg huu tl)!fih gii ca sirr ruit uong,Jic kian t{ Jo crnh
Lr.irh lil Li Vi.1d:ili ,1rr1it du(.'r nhiitr vin di rni eic nhi
Lrhh trudc khdng \ u(rt qua drrLrt
Ceu.6 TJreo.r\ S ith tid|l luong, loi nhuin, alia td li ba
ngudn go( (liu tien (ria Inoi thu nhio ri cung la ba neu0n
s6c dAu 1ion ciia noi si{ tri thdi di6m
Adanr-
Srrrith-l)ienr \uil phiit tfong \ iic phrin tich !u lurrng nar) iir nhin t6 "ctru
ngrriri Linh li'theo (]ng biLo clrill cua con nguol lir lrro da)i v,! r
lir,, !l\,n! ulr,' nltirr thr nrrn4 rir hr hi 1rh,ii bni l(.ri iflt cil nhdn
mdi nguui chi biit tLr lgi cha) theo ru ioi Song khi d6 c6 nr0t
''bdn ta.y- vO hinh"bu6c con gudi kinh t€ dong thui ddp irng duoc
loi ich xi hoi thim chi cdn t6t hm ngay cd khi h9 du dinh tu
iiLioc
\r,r o.\rr rur rri lrinh li gi thco n Smith 116 li srr hoar dgng cia
Jr'' ld trir lu tu rrh,irr 6ng uhi rr diiu ki"rn cin lhi;f cho Liu qu)
luit li't qur f' ' r(li,nsli nhii c" su khic r i J'hat triin cru srirr
\Lr;t hing hoi \r'i ld hiing ho.i \Cri kirrlr t |hii dtLoc |h:it triin
tralr c(r \(! l!i (lo kir)h ti- trr iio rrrarr Jirh Lliririr lti giita nglfiri |iri
nguiri la iluan hr binh dalns r i Linh t'l l hco rrns chr cri chu nghia
tu l:i ni{" li ri lroi o Jrr''c rrnirn-i Jierr lrirt rrrrrr r i) .r r:r}
ijhu righilt llr b nlunrol.\ilrOi dlroc irr ijfng tr'c cr) s() (lLl_\ luA!
tu nl']lan cdn ciic ri hoi chitnr hiLr nrl li.,si hoi phong kien ld
kh<lng binh thrLong tlr d6 aing cho lirng Nhi Nuoc kh6ng n€n can
thidp vLio l<inh td theLr 6ng nhd rur'rc cri chc chiLc ning blio \,6
.lu)'en sa hifir tu nhetl diu tranh ch,irlg kc thi tr'ong vd ngoi\i
rluilc Vai trd nlri nu(ic duow\\ ic the hien khi nhirng nhienr \ u
kinh t6 rLrot clui siLc cua doanh nghiQp
A.Snith cho ring chinh sich kinh tC phi hirp rdi tr'6t tLr tLr nhi0r
lar tu do canh tfrnh
* j ughia:
' \'e l,l]it li luan lir ccr su,ld cic nhu kinlr ti ehinh tfi i1r)c r.ru lhiit trien
- Jrong phLii trin c6 dicn co li luin cru Nli chJll -) dua |'il li
tlrulil rirr hin! r,1,)i q.ut
- Chu nghia !u do moi ke thLJa nroi phit t|iin db 1.1 kinh tet rip lhe cong hoA li€n bang dirc Kdt irgp nguy0n lalc trL do \di ngu\dn
Lile
'rOnS 0atlg \U nl.ll tfen lt
- Sarnncllson la ngut-ti dir su r,lr,rng nen li thu\ aL r C crr chi thi
Lruo-ng tu dn c,inh trunh
\d mat thudn tion: Dii rrii nrrdc ttr churcr, J6i co caLr linh ti tu rn,lt nirr kinfr td,,hr hur th.u;,; uhi rip ti,: ,'
'Lr qrrrn L urr- \lr nLrdrl\(t cir rons {.rr di I'u" ri .!r ,1" k'nl,.l,l
Ci! 8 l(evnes lii reudi s:ine lip ra li lhul6l kinh rd r i m6
iiia,f i.T : l-i-iilii?;1 h,ius -iuh
l fi ldi
- I heu Kr1 nc r:in ,.li .1u:rrr tru rg nlrrl ni:or r e,.r rit l 'i ' ('.':
chu nghia lu b.in l;l khdi iLr;ng th6t nghiip r ir r i.Ac lim \ i r ir r i
tli rrurrr: tinr r,r,'n' ti r\ulL:r l.ir'h ti t,'.-r,''r,,: Li li rrr.rrct ii.
linr' ]j thu) Ct cua 6119 dii rncr rc c0 nrirL gia d)nh nr(ii tfolrg tiirl
lf|lrlr nhrl tr.cl] l'urrrr krrtI ti Itr h.ur, i I ri lhrrl rr.r|l*: r., trrirr'
lin tlruc tiin l fr\)ng d(i phli kdddn li rhirl& kinh l0 \i nr(1 \a
h3 thr5ng cliiu tiil cu:r tluirn-l NhA nrrric firrg biiLr hi.in irri rch rl l,r c(irlg lrinh sLr cuir chLi nghid tu bin Lluirrs Nlri nudc
- Dac dienl n6i Lriit cua hoc tlrufi:L Kcl ncs ltr dur r! LrhuJ;rs phrif
phdn tich vi m6 Iheo ong r i"ic phtir riclr kinh ti phLri ruit phriL
tu nhitng cic noi lutong l(in dC tim fa cdng c!l iic ding \ ii(' khuynh hunng liim phiit trierr rroi lurrng
- Kc'ynes drra ra nr6 hlnh kinh tt \i d (;i nroi rlli luong
- D4i lucrng-ruit phit: kh6ng phrt trien hoa plrirt i.lien chiml
nhu cic ngu6n v/c: I'L sdn xuit s6lugng sld- tfinh cl,i chu-v-Cn
mdn hoii cua chu nghia ccr c6u chd dd xi h6i )
F Dai luqn€ khi bi6n dQc Iip: nhring khLrl nh huon3 tinr li r ti." kiem, td deu tu ) nhdn nil, ld co so hoat ddng cua mi) hinh.li ddn biy cho su hoal ddng cLra cic tti chuc kinh te.
+.D4i luqng khiL bi6n phu thu6c \,ro: cu lhi hoir tinh tlang cuu ndn kinh td ( s6 luqng quan gia thLr nhip qlLiin diirr.)
I<: c+s Q.- c+l =l ,S
R-Q
+ r,i6c di€u ti6t r i rnii rrhirn giiii c1uy6t vi6c liinr tarn! lh! nhiJr
d;'i hoi teng I girlr S t ri nhLr rir rnLii ri:ri u\il Jrn,i li i
luong thlt nghiep
I l-i thuyel ve \ iec ldm cua Ke)'ncs
Khi vi€c |rim phhl trian len thi lhlr nhip lhuc LC phalt b ian -) phln
triin ti€u dirntl 'rhurr,'l tAc di llhit triir Liiu J.rrr=;hrnr lrrrn t,lc .li nlrir tfiin thu rrh.ip rin ri, kh,Lrnh hLr,vnt tiit krLtrr nr,-,r phi,r
llu nhilr l)u dr' (Jc Jrrrrrrlr n,:lri":1 ri hi rlrr,:r Ll rr.iL' \.r uun! l,,L ,
bQ s6 lugng lao dQug ting rhdm Nau muOD khic phuc tinh nrLng
nirl cin pnai kich.thrch (luiin chung tri'u,rurrr Lhcm phin L,it kiem cira h9 vti cAn phdi c6 nrQt luong t6i brn dau t$ de kich thich cdc chri doanh nghiQp sri dqng s6 lugng lao d6ng phit [fi6n th€m Kh6i lLiong tiii bdn diu tu phu thu6c vio sd thich r1i.r tLr
cira nhd kinh doanh mi s0 thich dAu tu p'ru thu6c viro hi6u clua
gi6i hirn oria 1'll (hi6u qu?i girli han cua'l[3 cir xu huong gian
d€nkhi binglii suir t du lo rJi.phin tich li thLrrit ehung rirrtL l,rnr ph,ri sarng t(; cic li thuyor \i khutnh hudng lieu Jirng hi":u
quti gi6i htn cur'l 13.
- Kltulnh hoting titu dun-t uiiii han:
a Khu\nh hurin:' li:u Jr,n,'I'h.l thu',( rjr' t,'r rrhr.rl rrtr-rn r,,
klriuh qrrun arrlr lrLr''n! l,ri Lhrr nhin su h.'xt h'n!' irh.rl rl'| |l r; r cirng danh nghia srr phiil triCn chenh ltch girir thu nh:ip virr thLr nhip vAl nh[n{ nhAn [a) chu qulrn anl] huring dOn khu\ nh hlrrinr rhu dU phdrlg clirng.cho luong lai
i Khul nh hurirrg LidL kifm phr.r thr.r6c rrio : dring liLc kinlr doanh
Trang 3al6rg luc ri€n nit r16ng luc cai tion vi <l6ne lfc thdn trong r'6 tai
rhinh
-r Khu\rh I rt.rng srl lqng giui harr li khurnh huJrrg plriu chiu
thu nhip tarng thom chrr ti6u dirne -k- hieu dc/ dR =)
{lrirl nl' huring n 1 ,'u 5.1 nJon! giunr tlin nghi.r lj eurrg r ui sr:
.irrg lin Lrir tltu rrltril' thi tiiu dirrg tin-q li.r nlrrrrrg r ,ii t,;c rti
Jhlnl hon r i phiin tiru nhAp talng lhcln dc|n phAn chia cho ti€r"r
.lirnlr il.hol).lir d6 iilo khoan{ cich !:iira ti6u dirng ta thLr nhap
irl li tiit kidrn Khi do khulnh hitirng tidu ding gioi h4n gitinr
J)n 'r'rn khLrl nh hLrring tiit kidnr eir'ri han tang din -) su thi6Lr hul
:i,t t.ri J ,rr= l:r rrltrri r! r itrh r i.irt ctr., rn,ri nirt sln rtrit I gdr
fa l(l)ung honng thit nghiCp
' Lii sLrirt r r\ hiiu quir gitli han cir:r tu ban
I ii uit.rrr \u rf:r c"n!, ho.i, irr r.rr \,r lrr phirr Ihur'nS ehp
-so lIirh chi liaii 1$ I'ln- liorlg r]in kinlr t6 kii srrdt tr li rghiclr
'rli sr'r lLlrne tiin ein Lhi t tlong lLnr th6rg ( ilang- I giaIlt).
lhc('Jitir'lsiincuirr0ncliLr tuthi hiClr qult cua lLr bxn ' sa
,niaui din rii rir,lurre _!oi lar "lri.iu rluc giiti hrn cuir trr ban - ve!
Irir'u urr,lr,ri h,.r'l tlf b.rn l., t,Lrart h, griru ph.rrr lrri t|itrr rung
J.r(( J n, ,r l,, r:l_,Lir, \i I'o.r,n-c ( (j I tu hlrr, r.r r.' phin rli srrr
\uet f.r d{rn vi d6
- (i'rrl jr C.irr r.r:5r'nhin1:, 11 5rigirii,tocdoLirrglhrrnhap\i
lar g cliu 1rr Nti xrr <1ung.su gia ting diu hr d0 lirm cho gia ting
thLr nh:ip l0n bro nhiclu lin.
NdLr rlll r gi.L tirng thLr nhdp I
L)l:giir talrlg d?liu tu
h: sir nhin
= )K= dlliLll \i(s-Lll
)h' ill{ rl1 ll{'clS' Lll{ Jr
J{tidtt-d(,dlt
I
r-dc1dt{
-1 lvkr hinh s6 nhin phdn 6nh +ran he gialu gir ttng thu nhrip voi
gir rdng d,!Lr tLr theo Kcl ncsDrii srJ gia tarnS cila diu tu deu kdo
thr,, \u !r.r Lin:- Lur.ju hL, \u,ra uu r! (jr ri ll S\ ll,r rir lirn
linr Lriu liiL.lirrrr tr'rrrr riu hinA tirrrl ,,ii l.rtr clt,' eotts nhin
l6l can diad dii linr cho tlru nhap [in8 len I)on luctt n() tSng thu
nhip lui lir riirr Lli ('ho tdnF JiL, (rr nroi
* Cdc tluirng phii nh6n manh vai trd cua Nhd nlrarc.
' CNl1': Khi chu nghia tu bin moi ra ddi, tdi san da dua vdo Nh2r
nlrlyL dL trch lLrj vun ' i Nhr nrruc ncm duong vi ngoai thurlng
di la lLriit ld c,;s, ki6nr soit bu6rl birr gi6p ts thu dugc loi nhuan
Lir hoal ddng ngoai thuqrlg .
- lloc thu:Cl cua Kc\ ncs: h.tLdc cuoc khLlng horing 29-3i -) dua
fa \lli llir tAl ]'dir cuu NhiL rrr.rllc 1'." hii nutil l|rtng circ c/\ \'i nra) se
kl); f rlr, ^lltr '{l'rrrr,,: ,'r',li"lr '-]rrS l'rrrntu-r r'lirr nlunh \:li
t|ir cua Nhli nLti'tr.
mqlt miLc de., nhirL Jinh
VD: Nin kinh t0 tr f)irc, Nhd nunc can thiep theo hai nguy€n tic:
- Samuclson: coi tr'erlg cii co che tap the vi]r Nhi nuoc: Nhi nroc
ph:ri cri ehirc rirg (un lhiip aliiu tilt kinh ti rhLrrg li)n trl)ng qu)
luat kinh t6 kit qLra cira kinh 16 tep Lhd.
( liu 9 \ rri tri cia NhA nuric trong n6n kinh t6 h6n hop cia
Sanuelson
frd lqi
nhu 6 nh&ng lVl l rnA doang nghi€p kh6ng phii tla gi{ cho sfr hu!
ho+i d6 nharng thit bri thi lflrilrlg do duong gdy ra.,tQ nan nhu
khring hoz\ng thdt nghi6p phLrcrng ph6p thu nhip bit binh dlng
Co hf th6ng thcing tin mang l+i-) can ci) slr can thiep cria Nhd
nuoc
r Vai tli\: .l clrirc nirrg chinh.
l I hiir lzip khtL6n khO I'l-: ('p cii la chc qu) tic lfo ch(ri kinh t6
Ina chc doalg nghi6p ngr.Lrri Liiu dirng r.ii cii ban than CP cing
i.lrii; turin thu lJrL'lji'r'qu\ ciinlr rc tirsal lu\ tuc'ihrrprJnng.
vi iroat ddng kinh doang tt 6ch nhiem vA aa nhing qu! dinh t'.en
nhi€u linh vuc khhc nhau dri Id nhirng ngu)Cn tic su su chu6c
loi moi nguiri ph:ri tuin the,-,.
2 Sua ch,ira nharng rhAt bai chu 1ip rhe dcr lip rhd lroat darng !o
hieu clua:
- Str clrn thiep cua ( l' dt han ch6 dLrrrng danr bao tich hir:ri qur
cua canh tmnh tip lhi
- \rrr nur't( lili Jr.,nr hJn rr ':ll rirrtr: Jin Jir lrll krk'lc nir_.r ,l.t:l
cua ciic hoat da)ng thi trudng va ddi hoi \hd uuric phLii can rhitp
.l'tic
dQng b€n ngoiri rrir ra khi doanh nghiip hoie con nguiri tao
ra chi phi loi ich cho doang nghiep khirc hoirc lgutri khlc nli cac ctuunh nghicp h,'uc tic ion rrlu,.ii do khorrr 1111.111 jlxr; tl.1n= si ti0n cin duoc tra hoic khdng phai tra
- CAn phai danr blo r itc siin \Lrll ciic hdn! h(ii cing cirnu l rr
rlhiu lhuons kh(ing nrurin srin rLriit hrinr: hria crinr: do loi iclr Si(-r;
hirn thu dLtdc lir fit nho Inil co nhiCo h.rnc h(jl ein! ca)ng car (
rghi.r r,'i Q-i:1 rlr,r r11' 1 1' tr.lt trr tr', rt: r',n, r,: ! lr, r- | r!
giao cho tu nhin Ju!rc Do d6 ca) phir phli san surit hrng h,j| cong cong
3 Ddnr bao s! c6ng bing :
\rL phan lrt'i bir birrlr Jinp si,rh |u ti u,-' chi ril' ,h: Ii .tir \ i(,
CP phai thOng qur cs phAn ph6i thu nhiip.cong cu qLran trong nhlit cija Nhi n[6c ld thuO lu]i ti6n vd lr.rri an toiin bio vd ngrrtri
ding, tro cap thAl nghiQp
J orr Llrnh k,nil tc \ inr,r: \irl ,l rt.rrr rr.'.,,, ,'.rr r.r kr||'r ti ' rtri,
lii : khirng nrL<!c nao trong nrrit tho siiln Jai cri thi dLroc kjnh doung tu d(J larn phit thit nghitp rir r iic lirn drir du Nen kinh
te luirn grlp [hung hrxing chr.r lii l)o cki cp - l.ling cirtcong erL li nrir nhLr c/s tai khoh- tiin lq sa g6p phin in dinh ntii tr rrirnu kirrlr
te Vi n'r6 =') r'ai trir: dr.r1 t|i ting lntuin-! (in Llinh Liem chi lilnr
ph6r
+ Nhuoc dienl cud bin.tay hiu hinh d(i ll dLLirng bao Lhi tri Lii
cd nhiing khi sai lim r,e dLtirng l(ri Do vil phii kCt htlp ca hai cir
chd tfp th6 x{c dinh gii cii sin lr.rong trong khi dri oir phdn diOur
tiot tAp the bing cic chuong rlinh thud chi tieu \'ar lLrlil 10.
CAu 10.thd-i ki tictr lui nsuv6n thui cria chii nghia tu bin
cfine li thdi ki th6os tri crla CNTT
'IiA loi
- CN | | lir ht thnng qL'rn diim tu trrn-! kinh ld ddu Irtrr crru uia
cap tu sdn, lnd truoc het ld tang I6p tu san thuung nghidp N(r rr dqi trong lhoi ki trn rr cua P ISX phorrg kii Dn l; thoi ki
chuyen $ nen kinh le gian dun sang nen kinh te hAng hrxi lu friin
chrl nghia hay cdn goi ld th(ii ki tich lul: nguldrr thu), ru ban
- -l'hdi
ki tich luj nguyOn thlri tu ban chu ngh'ia ld thLri ki rao ft nhtrng tien d0 cho su ra ddi cua PI SX tu barr chu nghia K Nla
Jd chr ru rirrg,li eh, chrr nghi:r rr h.irr r',li'; thi nhri.il ei l.ur
lhinh ttr nrir l'rai eiui pl',,rtg Jrr,'c
'," lri,nJ,1 rnr thJrlr h.lrt
hoa sld:) quiLlr tfong
I lai tien dd nri,v cti tu khi kinh ti hing hoi.ra tloi rrhLrns su fa
dcri cua n6 rit chi-rn chap vi r i; khi giai cirp tLr san ra dni url su dprlg pha,rng phip nur' luc rlhtr ttr'iu (i,,at rl)J'.! ng.tii ,tr' ',u.it
rrhu buon han uo ii.i.i .lcn l)i thu; JJil rir.r,r,r eh.rng sr, r'rr J, ,
cur hai tidn Lltitfln )clr ciu tip rhc uriii lhiri \i n:rr li su r:r tiui
cua chir n-ehil lin rh6 h"i li thrrung nghiifl nrdng lri ch,) cirr c.rp
tu-sin nhi€u lqi rhuin Dic biet t.('lg th.ji kj nd) \,oi nhirng phiit ki€n dia lidi ldn th(rc hoal ddng ngoai thLrong tu d(r cho thiy sLr
ouun trun! cia huilt donc neoiri thrr(rn
=) Ddi hdi c6 hoo thuyet nhrr vAy =) CN.l-l th6nS rri lrcng thoi ki rich lui nguy€n thui 'l B
'=) Va)' !6n dd tich lu! ti6n cd )i nghia cuc ki quan lrorlg cho str
ra doi cua CN'I'B CN'i'l lit nhdn chring dlLr tidn cho tla,"- rich lu j nguy€n thui tu ban chLi ighia.
* H4n ch€ vd vai trd cira CNl'l'.
- Nhir nuoc luin cliinr cua (lN l1 cti rit it gc ii lurin lir thr.rr'rrc
drtur'niu hin rlrnri lrrnh thue r,ri lhrr-rir thLrr tiin ri c.s kinh rc rr
luan mang nlng t/0 kinh nghi€nr -) kh6 Lrrr thinh li lu6n chr.rng dLroc.( rhidu tinh khoa hoc )
- CN I"I chr bdnr siu rr linh vuc luu th6ng chua di ricr
Trang 4linh r rrc san ruirt nhirDu kir lLrin cho rin_e tich lu! riin ti phdi
thi'rng ciL,.t ho!t ding tlrrtrn-t ntai cr\r-r hinr hoii chr li phucrne
tiin ltrm rang tJiu r i ricn ti- lzi sai linr r i lrnr rh6ng chi lA m6i
lhdu trong quii trinh san \Lrdr- ndh chri nghia Ldp rh6 chi Odri Ouirf
rtii r d btn ngoai ni chrra di siu n6i dung bin h.ong IIo chua
lhJr lhiti qt:r *.rrr\uiir nt6i co loi nhuin.
''liong luc d6nh gi6 cao ngrhg ho d6nh giri thdp vai trd Nhi
r t'; r i rh.r rrrhirr (i,i nhu n-rinh tlun-e gicn chu nglriir kh6rrg
.rr.,i l.l nllr'rrr gj i,':' i"i (rri (hu n!:hii khili Lll6,J \ing hx()
trong ddi s6ng kinh t€.
' \'ri trr' \li- Jl.hrr.r I.ier Jir qrr-r lrrit ki,rlr ri ri ,,n hrn
-lri ,Li trrrr r l: , .rrrrr,_'trL llL' r ,luun,JiLrnl I irrl rc.Lr_r rru,rng
phr'ri I I cl;i.Lro n rhilng riil di li lu"rr kinh tC \ir hi)i cho cltc ii
luiin liilh li lirl i|,i t,r,, r,rr hiiLr nli rr chir hrr iltrrr rr quan cli&tr:
'u liarrr c(; [hirrg ph:ri la rr gtsd nrti li ricn lu rLr(rng NhA nuiru
,ran.lhiCi) ll[t ) s|lu t]r) vin JLlng
- l)r,i \ni l.lp rlri rhr ra t^i.irr pir:rpch,r gi.ri riplrr5inrr(.hlu-i
'.1ll tlt ,l,irt rrli Lirrl ti.r,,,r nrr.r tr,, ,J,r-.Jtit.tprlljnhJi trng
;r rrii thLlong Iin ngoai LhLrtrn-e
nsoai thuone t[:i\ born \lu6n lins cd ciii Dhdi c6 nsoai
thuung nh:iD (l:in (rit c;ii (|ua n6i lhuu.ns
r|a ldi
I,ip thr crru ulr.r rrriri.r rip rhc dri li ho u,
'i tr\.,n! tiin r.c ho coi tiin le nhu li thuoc do ti€u chudn cua su giiu cri vd moi su h ng
nranh cua nr6t quric gia Do di) muc rjich kinh ti crla m6i nu<rc r]ti
.i, Th,r l:1lg kl ridl ri Nhi nu,ru, ang nhiiu riin thi cing eiAu c,i:
ho coi hdng hoh chi li phLrqng tidn tdne kl ridn td Ho coi tidn ld
Jri b du\ nhet cua cira cdi riiu chLrdn de drnh giA moi hinh thfrc
h.urh ght h(rrL Jang righi rrghicp nhafng h()!rt da)ng nio nlr
khi'ng clln din tich lu\'t.ip the lir hort cl6lg kh6ng c(i kyi hoat
I ,n: ti.ll- .!tr Il rt rr:'hr r',,i' .ir rtrur rr-:ltc r|Lrn5 Ailrn nlrr_rn;
h()ar da)ng ti.h c$c \ar lioh cuc ri rrghi rl)ng khirng l)rn Lirng hu\
qiarrr cua cai Iroat cl0ng chLr lghia thi khdng thd la ngu6n g6c ctla
.iri ( lr'Lr ch! nghi! I'hai thrc Ving biic ) do dci na)i thrrong chi c6
.rlc Junc Ji ,.hu.ri'ncLincii tr(,ngnu(ru(h.( khon$ Lh; lanr rang
aua Cdi tfong nu6c
- Khrli lucrrrg tie:n ta chi cd the gia ting = con duong ngoai
throns lfong hoat d0us ngori thu()ng phrii thuc hidn c,/s xuit
'rcur \uil Ihrcr \||irl tl| |li.r( lh l\it tr'oFqthurntg cho rinc ln;
nhuln tao ra cho linh vuc lrru thdng n(i lar kot !luii vi6c nua it bdn
nhiau rrua fa bin dal md c6 v
) \g(ui thlr(rtrg lir rirne lrre tung k inh ti chri,ri.u cua merr nLroc.
kh6ng co ngoai thucrng kh6ng th€ tAng duqc cua crii Ngoai
lhu,:rng duuc vi nhu rn6y bom dua lutrng tidn nudc ngodi vdo
trong nu(ic
=) Quan di0m nl) ddnh gi6 cao ngoai tlrrrong xem nhe n6i
Lhorrns ri 6ne chr chir J din linh vrc ILru thdng ( f-[l-T) md chua
lriiu Ju,.rc t, 'ln bi qu! u in h :tirr ruit \ ir bLr{rc jhu\ in iua ! iLlr tr,,
.rlui nhui.r J,, Li.i, ;t s.rn rr.'lt t:irri plupsi'n',,r liranEcI
n(li thtftrng r,!l ng?loi thu(rng
- lich luj tiin ti chi Liruc hitn dlr(rc dLriri sLr gi(rp dr.i cua Nhri
fludc Nlla nLrrie uirrr dr're quyin vi rrgoai thrrting thdn-e qua !igc
lao dieu kian ph6p li cho cirng ty thLr(rng mui d6c qir1.0n bu6n b6n
rrii r:,,rirc ngoii
Ceu 12 Hojin riinh lich sii ra ddi crin chri nshia tip th6:
Irii ldi
- Vi mit lich sLr: tich lu\: nguv0n thui cuu chir nghia tr birn(ciu
l(1)
- ' i nli,r iu tJ,rn!: l)li(,nr triu phrr l.,trrrg ehJnr trt tu rng dcn toi
rh,i' t.unL c;'.,hu rr rirla drrr vir chorrc lai ci( thu\atSiao duy
Linr cua nh, thd nhLr tJruno flacon klroa hoc tlr nhien phiit trien
manh nh[ng phdt ki€n dia l(the ki XV-XVI) rim ra chau tvti, di
\.i)ng tir ch6Lr phi clcln chllu i dri tao fa diau ki6n m(r.6ng thi
trudng vd rAm chi6m ihlr6c dia(A P BAN TBN )
:'C.iiu nga ngir f'hi thLLtrng hrit phir" o Viet Nam ta hiOn nay:
' *phi rhu<rng b6t ph[ the hiin su coi trong thuong nghi€p .
nhirng \,ing ndo ting nlanh thlrong nghiep thi kinh t6 virng dd
lang
- llong diiu ki0n cua nutic t.r hjal na\ thi ciuniii di rin cr)n
phi htrp
kh6ng tlng (cd v6 ndi thuong lan ngoai thuong ) D! ci) rhoa iii
chung.ta thuo hi€n c/s *bd cluan rfa cin"d6
kinr hinr sLr phrit triin
kinh t€:) lirn cho kinh rb thur lii so vdi rhd gid; N6u kjnh t6 cnr hu)- tlleo co chi rdp tfun.-s qu!n liiu bro cjp Ji lirn thr-, Ihur;nr nlaitrem nhit rriin ca ri nfirhur,n! r:r n$t,:-i rlru,.l,- r nin lirt,
la )au kim Dln dai h6i l)irnc \ l(8frr\hi rluuj chL_\en Jor cr, ciu kinh le Lhit)i.n s njt nil "iilll ri ninF hua r-rrr,1,,n! thuue,,
chirhi trlrilng thco dinh hirong rihdi chunuhia=ldiri hoi phai
tane nrqlnh thLwng flei cd r i niri thr.rrng lin ngoai lhu.(rtrg =.) c(i
c,s n.'thLrunu eux ninh Sau l0 nalm thtrc hi.rn nhg drlL nitic clir tl_tr dri, rrlriiL '.lJrt,lt,r, ".tl trl 1r,,r 1t.,.:i Lt' ,,- | , !,,t.,,, Ltir,
trong.thr(vng l.rJrrrr-c J.l p.r.ri;.1 ri.li' lr r ,,rrr,i r.:,,ri nr r
io Jiiu Lidn.urr rrriiL ui,rr! lUi,i tJnl 1,.6r,,.: ,',
- Lldn cunh dd ehitng lr cOng kh,jng coi thLr.)ng mili ir'r con lrrirn.t lirn gidu dul nhrit- \iclLtul'l dieln ttung thLnrnl chr (lLran riil Licir
r)ul 'inn \ri tu.rlrrrl ril tr',,rr : ]rr \,,iir J,i l,l.rlr rlr,,rrn rrr.r .l^,i lrl.r tu eil pitai hiL:r lct n,rf ! ir L.jn l u,.,ls tilJ.4t , i'i t.rn! rrin chu nilhia \,ti NhaL nlfoc tl.oDg tlLr(ic coi niii] nLro; lir thi rlllnh
Qud trinh sir xuitt dutrc tl'rcr hien:
I'LSX
-f-fl
Sl lt+ 53'' \L:11 11 1
-) Ttortg l:iu dii chulll.l (l nhLri (hu rfrnr- L:rl.r \iur \l.rt \r c,,i t.rr th6ng ld mrii girii rnd thiri
thuong mai"
Trii ldi
*lloin canh m diri:
- t{a ddi trong giai doan thi kr XVll - giai dt)irn hr)c rhu-\Cr \ i b.rng c.in JJi Llrrr,nr.: nr1, l)ri biiu Jiin h rl: rr lhuntJ\\l r'
{ l 5? l - l 6+ l ), r iiirrr J,'ru crin:.: l\, Dong i,r I l,,Jl Jnnr c,rir ir,nt l\
rhLr)i't tiin L$ f,,un.l,;i , h,':th.^r:LLiir l( gi.f .ri lu,.nsricn
kh6ng ra nutic ngoai )
- Ilang cAn d6i thLfqns rndi * chirla ta phdi giaf r!- rg nsu\ en tic
li hdng nam brn cho nguili r1u6c ngoii luong hing hoi l6n hon
si luong chfrng ta phiii muu v]o cua h9 d6 dar duoc su can d6i di) 6ng khuy6n md f(ing c(r s(i cho cr)ng nhin thu hcp Lioll ditig qllil mric hring ti0u dirng cUo nuuc ngo.ii dA) Inanh canh t.anh -) hj 8ii thanh nanA L.x' ch;l ludntl lrinlri: h,'.r .\nh I lr.r, l.nn drin
clra 6ng viec xuat khau tien nhirnr nrr.rc dich burin bin li ehinh ddng Boi vi - viing di ra thLrong mai cdn rhLrrng nrai lanr ia tiin
tang len" linh trang tien dlia thii tfong nudc li cLi hai liinr cho
gi, ca hdng hoi tinq cao
' Nhin crt
- t)ung: Lrone rlicu ki,:n ph.rr triin kinl- re : \.lr JLrr:: nltrr nLrirc trr
hiOn na1 .
- Sui: rlrtra dt'ci1'rlir quri rrinh ,",' ru,it ,.,i,',n$.;, rr,,nr
*i nghia: Ddi vcii nL(ic ra urrng diCu kicn kinh ti tir:h lul- ,"6n
hi6n nav cdn tirlg rhuong nrai con vi liu ddi ein ting srin \Uit
(gi6ngcAlr ll) ceu lJ " Khdi luons tian tO chi cd th6 sia tinp bins coo aludt|g ngo-ri thuoxg trong hoat d6ng ngoai thuone phii thuc
hiCn cs i(uet sieu"
tra ldi
- De c6$d tich lu1: tidn t0 phni thdng qua hoar d6ne rhlrurlg
nrai-trudc het lingo?i thLrong Trong ngoai thuqng phai thuc hiin
xuAt si€u tidn sinh la hong luu tharng qua trao ddi khring ngang
gii (quan di6m cua chu nghia tdp thd)
- BdnS cAn d6i th$ong mai lrong budn bdn rhuong mai phdi
Trang 5J:urr l-.r,, r,:ir siiL tli i,r elrirrlr li\.h t.hn! ucll iLr\ ricrr l.\lrrn
' \,idt: -a hirng rc phli fi uong rulai giir ling
ngu10n tirc lir hang
naln birr cho ngLroi nlroc ngoii s6 lirong hing hori kin hnn so
lLrong hing hoii chirng ta phdi mua cia ho"'
jl-il ll.=l il ll
- l\'e,' rrrir .r,
" h,.r elr,' rurp ehr ruil sicu tnrnlr fh.inr chrl khi)ng \uit klriLr nguyCn lieu rhuc hiGri thLrong mai lrun-s gian
lnanq tien flr nu.rc goii di nlua re (l nL(ic nir.hin drit o nucrc
khic thLrc hiOn c,,s thLr€ clun bao h6 nhdm ki€m soiit hdng hori
nhdp khdu khu)€n khich ring hdng hod xudt khdu
- Quan di6m ndl cing sai ldrrr vi chi tdng
( hr uLrn- tr.rrrn diiu kiin Lin! kinh ri
(iu ll Ho( rhuv;l ri san phim rhuin lui cua phdi rronp
n6ng
t|1i Jir;.
- I )ii,r li I i tlrLLr it.rr.rrr! Lint cLrit tr uirls f hiii trorrg nirng
'' Sln phinr thlarr ru! lti sd chinh lech giria hai srn phinr,ir chi
.\t ' ,,rt \L,it \,, r t t Lr r,.:,,ai L hi r,lr, ,:r r ',rr.iL N,, (lrt,,L trr,.
., I i't,-r li ll \,i \r.t, \.rilt n,,rtr :_ll.L-ll
- N,hung rrgurri ttong ndng cho ling uhu nrhiu iihdng riLo r.a siin
ohim thu:r4 ttt) ilte, Lf.)r.c5 na\ U h:ri rrr\in tr ht jt thJ h
qii tri trr()nq inrq \ ari hai linh r LLc chLr nghia !d Nhi nuarc.
! lrong linlr \.uc Nhar nrrdc gi/r rr.i hing hria - moi cp, l.uo g6nr.
rp r i hat gi6ng cp \ a s[rc r'irt cA\ kdo_ ti0n lrrirng c6ng nhin tiCn
Iutrnu nhir lu brin kinh doarrh nriug nghi6p cp b6 xung cia l
lJT^-.d[! \ oi sli| phalDl thUin tLtI Nhu !,d) srln phAnl thuan tui chi
tiro ru lr)ug linh lLLc Nhd nuirc
+ l'rong
lirh vuc c6ng nhin- giA tr.i hi.ne h6a - nroi cp, bao gOm
cp v0 ngu)'en lieu tiCn luong cring nhan- tiOn luong nhz'i tu ban
c6ng nghiOp viL cp b6 xung cua 'lt]'lN=) kha)ng tao ra san pham
rhuin tuj.
NguJ en nhin:
Inrng ei,ng nhirr: Qiti trinh rrLt, rir scn pllant mni uhr li qui
trinh k€t htro giitn dr.ln nhing nguy€n tO cii mi kh6ng cri su tdng
LhCrr ri chit ndn l(ha)ng tto ra san phiitn thuin luj.
I lror]g \h|i nLrdci Nhir c(i slr ti'ic d6ng cira tu nhiCtl nan c6 sLr
.ir'r{Lh(rr, \u.liiL l.r,' r.r Ll.r rrr,i -tr,r|r'rr r.rr pn:ir'r th-rirr LLri
! l): Khi reo m!)L hirl lira -)rr6 bing
-) cho hin! chuc hrt luir rrr(ii I)(i la su tiing th6ln ve chlt vA nhu
r riy r.hr co linh \ rrr nnir nu,'\' nriri tiro r':r sirr ph.im thuin tuj.
- C6nr lin cua Qucsnel lii Lli cho ling san phim thuin tuy dLrcrc
ril() rt trcng nhlmg ngirnh.ndng nghi0p nghra lj 6ng cring di gan
.iue ttntt,,i s.lnp4unllltuit lL.i \,ri litrh\rri jJ \.titI lh.r( \fli
.ltrr rlglli.r tif' lh( li rrrng lirrlr rur'lrtr, tlr,\ng) rdir ril di nrrlt
czich khoa ltoc
"lir)'nhien chLtr gitii qLr-v6L rri6r cldr
- I'hii Lrong nting dd giiii thich crla cai thco kidu ru nhi€n chir
nghiai trudng phii tr nhien) vd de thut Iiri n6t budc so voi
CNll Phii trong n6nr di rin th6ng hoii khii niem cua cai,
kh6ng thAy duoc tinh chAt ha; mat c[a n6 "hien vAt vdgi6 tri".
Qucsnay sai l6m khi coi nhd nLrdc ld ngudn lqidu), nh6t -) cp vd
:rins chi mang h)nh thuc -) chlra chi ra b/c md chj md tA liet ke
Ciu 15 Chri nshi:r tu do kinh t6
.- ) .h,"'Sh-" lu .i,;iinhT l,f t- [ rhu-r 0r coi nfir kinh ri TBCN
li hi'rhi'rl h\'rl di'r3 Lu rh,n1 rkr c:rc.gur luit kinh re khich
.lu3n trl Pnal
liiu tiit Iir tutrng ctr ban cLia nti lii trr do kinh doanh tLr do tham
ui:r thi uu'i,rr ( h,lr-! Iiri \Lr ltn thiip cLtr Nhi nrrric riti kinh ti
* Nhi,nuctc nludi cld sLrirng,ra tu tu<hg do kinh te li cec nhd
kinli te hoc tu sirn cd dien blit dru li W.Pehy thia nhan vd tdn
rri.)Irl cr.: (lrr\ irriiL kinh ri kir qui raeh ,o nil hi ph, thudc nhin
.lrril cirrr \'.ri iui rijL hien ttt\'nl (lngriir"rr','nEursrjtr,rng
kinh td" phii; linh deu nhing rluri trinh tu nhien kh(rng n6n ding
hinh clirng cLLirru hr.rc di chirng iai qLrri tr.inh do rhua nlhAn quri
trinh tu do ci nlrin !a ddi tlr cio canh tranh
lrr u.riltg L.r J(' l.it)h ri l.l\ (lLruc rii'p tuu rJng trung rp nghiin
criu v6'lrguv€n nhAn vi bin ch6t giiu c6 cua c6c dan t6c,'cia A
sirr)irh lj thuydt \ e -con nguui kinh re"vri bin la) \ 6 hinh cia
^.\ Jii chlfru to (rr Llu) lLlill kit qr.r iL, 1l*.L.tri r;ct Crr ^i., r(
ntrr kh,'ng r.in uo sU cal, rhiip i.r.r \ll; l]u,,\, rlrcr \.S I
1 Ricrlrlo tiep tue lt luiin
eu:t n.sinlh \:r pn.it hiL.n fJ n.tiinE ql\ Irrit kinh r€ r i L(in rron! rLr d(, kinh ri
' fruting phiii rin c(.i di6n riip tuc kd rhir.! \ aL r:ug ri6u biiu lir
l,entJ \\'lras \ii \4alshall
i L.\\talras (tr.uo.ng ph6i rhAnh
l,ausanrc l-hLt) si) -l.li rhul61 \ d gii ca: chLr h.u(Irq phiin tich rh i u.|.lirng tu do canh
tranh
- Lj thuy6t ciin biing moi tdng qurit: phtin dnh su phdr uidn iu t(ong "bdn ta) \'6 hirrh" cua A.S d6 li tfang thii ctr ban cLra ca
ba tu tudng: tu turrng hing hod, LrL tu(ing tlr biin \:i LIJ t rirng I:() dgng n6 duoc Lhuc hienlhi)ng qua dao ddng ru philL cua c-c r ii giu
ci hdng htra tren thi trlri)ng
- A Malshall: (tnrdng phdi Carrbrisc-zrnh) li Lhu_r0t currg ciu rii
giri ca ciin birng tr.dn rhi uuilrg lu do oitnh tr,rnh-) tu.liiLr ti[t _t
tiri eu l.i stt ri -nrm !rr:rJ -) lru.J tii L.l
t (lhu i-qhia t$ do mrii tiaf rLrc tane li luin sua chu nshir !u d0
il 1,r tu.r'rl .u n.,nru.r.l r fhlJ tL, !t, rrr,.r J., .r ,.e|^ rlri
tt.ri'tt-l u,' su Jrcu ri,lt crri \lu nur,.,, 111.,, 11;,1 ;1., 1,11.1 j1;, Kheu hi,:u cuiL tu tLrong nhiiLr hun Nhi\ nurie crn thian il hon l,i
thuldt kinh td cLio chu nglriu trr rlo nrr'ri tin-l nrarrh rr sr.ing hoir
l.in hing t).i J,nri hillr rnriu l.irrh Lc rip rrrr ,:,,r,,i rr.r nrhi, , nhdn mdi d Anh chu nghia bro thu nrrii (l ivly- chl nghia eirli
han odo Dic biet (r Dire'ket hqp rlgLr\On tic rLLdo vrli
n-8Ll)dn ric cin hing \a l.6i trin lil rlri
+ Samucllson: {kinh ta hh lr$dng phdi chinh hoar d6ng) ChLr truorg tdng kinh t6 phdi dLra varo cd hai bt\n tay la crr chc thi urrons vr Nhir rrtroc"di6rr hinh nri'r nirr.kinh tc khi, g cLr cr ut\
ph6n lin tdp tlr0 cing uhLr dinh vd tal bing m6r birn ta) )
=) CN tU do kinh te ng.i\ cing cfurcrc phrit trieir qU! nhi6{r Dinr nhi6u thd h€ nh&ng tlLLirng phii vi c6 ( nghl-r tich crrc nh$ nga!)
na)
=) i nghia vdi Vier Nam caul6.Quan ali6m ciia Samnelson v6 vai trir cia huy6th til b6n ngoii d6i vdi su ting fru+ng ii cdc nu6c alaDg phit tri6n:
rl1i ldi
lhco li thurjt nr-r Ji tints truong kinh L,: l,,i churr;:in J.rrn h.r,.
hirn reu Li' la nh.in.ue tii ngJ\in tu rrh,irr ca eiu ru h.rr ra kl
thuAt
* r'd nhdn luc:
- L/ ntrJ nshLi, tJ ii llri r tf.,r, r h r , | , tgrn,i i r r 1 r" j 5 x
1u6i ) do d(i lh.ri kiirn s<rrit binh tir ninq.:ix; sirc khoc r,rj chii
lLlurlg Llinh JrrJnl:J('lr, lilnt \ i.i( u' nin!:5Ll.t ?r( 1.,'rr-,pn,ri u dlrng b6nh vi0n hd th6ng bao vd sLrc khoe
- 50 nB(rol ntu Lhi (htant i.l-5luo l);rrr tLri,\trLtjc\,'!l r 'n_ elrii trang bi ki thuAl moi cho ndng nghiep cdng nghiep dao r o nhAn luc tai nu6c ngoai cac lao da)ng n6ng thdn c6 narng su.( thiip -) chuydn sang chu nghia .
* Ve tu nhitn thi0n nhi€n:
- Cdc.nudc nrhio thrLong !o dit dai char hr-p Lhoins san ir oi ,o
\ di sd din d6ng tiii ngul in qr,:Ln lron-p nhit clJ (r( nircu ni) I.l Lldt nong nghi1-cp r iic su rJung Jir tlui sct,'l phin lrrn rcrru rr.l
siD qui( din fto dri phai c,l chc tl,, Jit dai p,riin h,'n urh rr.
thuc hi0n tu hrlu hori ddr dai d€ kich thich chiL rrai driu tLr r6n li
ki rhuir
* ri c., ciu tu hirn: rrt,i,n c,r tu h;n plrii rrch lL,j r,in nhurrg,r
nudc ngheo, ngu6n su.dung lao ddng thap chi danr bllo cho dan
cu o.muc s6ng roi thidu kh6ng ai tidt ki€m do dri kh6ng c6 r,6n
de dau tu \ay dLrng ting c(] ciu ha tdng I)i c(i 1B rhi phai !a)
r6r'r nuclc ngodi llien nay'l l) \,oi ciic uusc 9en ca)n dane rit ni16
gidi Phong lliio giai phong drin tQc li nloi nghi ngai wiczic nhr)
Jit' Lu n.rtru ng,,.lj tt,,nu liti n.rtit rrtlrr-,r r.'in iun n., li,tr ra kh6ng ci' khr ning tlu rr,' cr q,ie 'in lii.
+ Ve k\- thultl c'; lrinh d6 ki rhUjr rir kinr nlrrrng r'.i khc nirr I'it uhr,,, lj thuAl vd cong nghe cuat ciic nu<rc di L|Lr<ic.t)it la con dr-rirng rit
hieu qud di:tang kinh t6
=) Chung quy lai cdc nLrqc nghio vdn vucrng phiri c6i rr)ng ludn
Trang 6q;ln cud su nghco lih6.
I iit ki.r,lr:\
.11{ tlrijll
thrL rrhi[ ta)c Jl'] lich
hllrr)irI rU\ \ L)n ltr.rl.r
N,tng suit
l'hlip
( iu l?,),Jha rrurrc rlic di6m chii r6u, cda li rhrrv6t Kevnes
K(\fc lllS.r-lql(')l.i nrut nhi kiqh ti h,'c nllr('i .rnh Ihinhpho
nili tionglri "li.thu)er chung v0 r'idc lAnr ndng suit vir tidn t€.'
- liich litt phi phrin c"s kinh 16 cira chir nghia bao th( (ing khirng
Jirng i r rii cluan cliinr.cLu tr.Lrring phii .cir di0n \'ar tin c0 di6n"
\(r slr can bang kitlh te duo 0.en co sar tu didLr tiir cria thi truirng
fhco frng nur6n co cirn birng Nhi nirric phii can rhi€p rio kini
- Viin.lC quin rlons nhir n!u), hierr) rrhit Li l(h6i lu\rng thiil
rllli._l ir( Lr,rr \rt,Lr' i litjlt tr,,|lch,.,Ltlrrr.r.itlrr:r,,nr_ljli
Uru\'at \ ie linr'- lro[r c]i, ki ddn li rhuyer kinh t6 !i nr6 vi ha
'lr' 1 : rlrurr LiLt (Lt.r J.krtru \h- nLr(f! ,' :! hiirt hl!'n liri rr:lr rr la
long t|inh su cuit chu nghia llr ban dr.rdng Nlii nuirc
- lltr,rortr riit lrhin rr.h ph:ri hir ngu,"n tir rrhr'rrrlrJrre lur.rnp
Irin d€ nghirln r iru ml he giiLa cdc klng lLfong \ d khuyenh hucrng
iillu\an bitn cuil clti tg d[ lint fd khuvnh huillg ca)ng cu tie
iions \io nhL-ri!l khulnh hiLring lirr luirn tha,r'diri L6nc luong
l\10 hinh kinh ti cua 6ng grinr ba clai lur.ng:
r'Dai lu.rnr xudr fhlt: khdng bi6n ddi hoirc bi6n cldi cham Dri
Id nhitng ngu6nvrc tls,r mric d! trang bi ki thual tIinh dO
h,r1in nrJn hoi urh chu ng\iir co ciu cLra che dd xi hdi .
+ Dai lumg khri bion d6c lap: ld nhirng khuynh hLrdng tAm li Gi6t
ki€nr tiiu dtrng diu tn )nh6m ndy ld co sd hoat d6ng cia m6
hinh la <Iirn biy cho su hoar dQng cria cric L6 chric kinh t6
rDai lusng kha bion,phu thudc : cu the hori tinh trang cua n6n
kinh te {sO luqng qLr6c giN thu nhap rtu6c diin)-) R:C+S
Q.( l ) i-.S
ti-.Q
- l.i thu) C1 cu Kc\ nsditnh gid cao r ai lfi) cito ticlr dirng vA tr.act
dir coi tdc dunc \'al trao doi li nhiim vu so nt(tt nrii rrhi kinh ti
thi cong cd srr tang len cira thLr nhap vd do d6 c6 su tdng I€n cua
li0u clingvir dcr rio ciLr c(i hieLr qua -qiin xudng.iiiy la nguyen
nlrirr;.ir |r khrrl$ lr',irrr rlt.tt qlri"tl.rri rri rrong nin kinlr ri irr
bdrr chLr nghia trr the dd ddv manh san xuit biio dr'im cAn ci6i
clrng c,rlr thi phai ning ciiir tirr dung Ien tinT bi0n phrip kich thich
riu cri Ii.ilr quri chinh r i lhe li thu\'at cult Kcr ncs con dLnrc goi lii
lithurit tlrng ciu
ilngli thu) Cl rldy ding r6i nroi che dd xe hdi
* Li thu,v-6t ve su can thi6p ctia Nhd nLroc vdo kinh t6 cria Keyns
- Deu tr Nhr) nudc Su tlng gi6 cia NhA nLr6c vdo kinh t6 sE ldm
Eng dau tLr tu Dhdn ciing nhu tang ti6u dirng cira Nhd nudc len
Vi vd,v ldm cho cin o6 hi€u <1uri titln srit vrli dudng bi6n d5i cna
lhLr nhip Nhi' vav md teng Cl- tlng Y ch6ng khing hoing vd thdt
nghi0p
- Sit dLtng hrl thirng tiri chinh
' I in J!nr \ ii lLru Lhor)g tial 1.:.
' Ki(li llri(h 1 ,,: r, tirr lJ .l.,:,'r tr r.lr c,i ,1,i, rt'.t', nhi
Linh \lornlt I.an g.hit lLi i)lan Fhhp hiru hiau da kich thieh thi
ttuitng nrir khi,ng gi_r la rrq ) hiim(c(i kiim sohr) ddo rarng gii
+.Dd bu.dip thiSu hul ngdn sich Nhi nudc-) chu tnr{r1g in thCm
ti.nJi cj,r |lr.rt ihU nsrn sarilr hLr r dong nru r n! rliu ru Nha
nrrric vu\ dinr bio chi tieu cho cO phan
SLi rl.rng eonr cu thui Ji.Jicu rrit rrcn kinh ti : tang thui di
didu liel hot nrot fhin tiit kirnr r:t lhU nlt;p.uir rr!(.r,r r.,rr (li-, L Ju:L ri0 n[tiilr srah.li \h t]t.rLre nlu rrjt,j.: J lLr rrr rr:rnt r'r-.i \,.i /f nha dAu rr de ting d.iu rLr.
\ 1 ao r idc lanr rno nhi6u hinh thuc diu tu dtr giai quy 6r r i€c lirn
ling th! nh:ip chling khing hoang c6 rhi \rii nghd in h:im nhu siln \uii1 \,Ll khi chiL) duu !d tlang
- Khtr-rcn llrrcirttr Llr l{ LhU\c Lhiel: tiutr lu:,r:c: nh.rrrci,.:
r oinhi ru rurr t'r,,r lrip gilrr .t, \; ntrroi nSnr, .
( iu !8 ( o.ch€ thi tr_lrojne duor S muelj(, dC ciD lr.onq li
Trd ldi
- ( r r ehi tip thi l:r tn,lr hinh rhuc 1., (hu( l inh t lr, ,rr! ,1,, i.r nhan ngudi ti0u ding ri ciLc nhii kinh doanh Lri,: J6ng lin nliaLr qua thi.tfuongdd \irc dlrh vin dd tr.ung tirncta t0 ch;c kinh rO ld:
sillt \Lial cii 5i? < r,r \LiL 4h( Lfe an ' \:rn \u:it lr,t\.:ri
('o che tdp the Lhing ph.ri Ii rn6r su hdn drtn nrj l,r mor tr.jr rrr
kinh td
- 'firp the li rnQt quri u.inh mi rr.ong.ili ngLriri nrul \ ir nc$(,.i barl mQt lhu hang hoir t.ic dong qLra lai lin nlrru t1i r:ic rJinh gia ea ,:r
s0 lu(rng hAng hoii
- llr)n,_e hoii bao rrlnr: I lrrng ritu dung riich vLr r u r ir.r t,i ri,n rutil nhu dir dai lao d,)ng lt) tir &i hjnh rh{nh nalrriip Lhi hr'l|ru ricu
ding !i tdp th€ cuc )tu 16 sln ruir.
ltL'tte c1' (hc rlri l|U,,t]" c,r r'r',t lt-i r.,,,.ri lrr tr,, fu ,.r L- r (1,,:
giiLa giii ca ri stn ruir NIu nr0t io.ri hing hoi rri nhiiLr rrvLriri
nua thi ngudi bln xd tiing giir dd phurrng pfrhp nirt lurrns cun:
hcn cho gid ca tlng si thirc dd)' ng oi srn \uir liinr |a nhi0u hjrnr hod hon- cti khi nhieLr hing ngrLiri bln lai ha gid-ts0 nglfqi ntuir
hin." lri ting lcrr r i er'r r.in rLrl rrh.r iirr.
- Ndi den c(r che thi n $ilng Ia phtii nrii clcncune cdu hiing lroii D<i
ld cung cdu cua hiri luc lrrrrng nguiri bin r,i nguoi rtlLrit rfin thi
tr Lrtrng Su bidn dong, cua giri cri clil lifit cl]() tfung thiii cria cung
cln thudng xLr)'Gn hi6n d6i vi d6 crilg chinh li n6i dung qu) luril c-c hdng hoii,
- 'I rong ndn kinh t6 t{p thd- loi nhuin lir r}6ng luc chi ph6i horr d6ng^cria ngudi kinh doanh tt€ thdng rhitnrirng lu6n phiii d ng
lai li d6 quan didm ba vin dd: crii giii- th6 nrio cho ai
- Kinh te tep th6 phdi duoc hoqt d6ng trong mrli rr.ud.ng canh
tranh tlo cdc qu.r luil kinh re klr6uh qurrr cni phJi
- Tip thO duoc chia ldrn hci phin
I l.1p Lhi hiuth,,1 r'i r.lrulr ru rtiJ' rlr .lirr i.rr
* liptltcrcuti'.\rn'r.jt(tif tltc(tjrr \l, r
- lr'0n ri.p rhi drlu r.ritr: doanh nghidp lr sirc ciu cin cura dorrnh
rt.:hicp rc iri( 1(., In idn \,iit Ll.n.( r"ri,r .1 , vrr,-rr rilc i, lr 1.,,
gi,,,hrn.n9urrr uir,l lr sr.rc ulrr: e.l.l r n,,'
',, Licr, ,lLr- r:, dich vu cira h6 gia dinh caing tudn thco ngulirr tirc ich Iiri girii
han
- Ddng ti6n lin dingthco Llur uinh \ orB tf(Jrr iihip krn
Voi co chO vin dQng nhLr vir) cu.r tip thd khj didn ra su biOn Ll6i. Vi\ll\ n€n lirrll ti s.r Lli.rr Ju(ic rnnt :rr e lir d(ii LhLrne Su tang<Jidr |a nhip nhang tr6i chdy
- t rr chc rhi trtr,rne lam ch,' nin kinh ri nr,.l (t,nE n:r,r-t Jrjtrr thic ddl lLrc lLrcrng sdn xuit ting nhanh c'h6ng tair nhidu hdn,e hod vd dich vu, tang viic lanl dAp ung dl,v- dLr hon nhu ciiu vrc
Tuy nhien co che thi h udng khing khac phr,rc durTc khuy6t t5t v6rr c6 cUa nf,: khdng nhi€u thit bai thi tfudng re nan phuong
-, Do do phii kit hqp t)<i tirc ran hL,a"\ r 'hu ru( hi r! noj' nlrLJ
thue khoii, chi tieu vd luet le crla cp
' l-rong sLr ting cua Linh [€ ho( lS truultg pt,ri nhin manh urr ch6 riP th6 li:
- IrLfirng phhi c0 clidn: ngul6rr li''b6 tire virn hoi ' cua A.Snith
- lruung
phiri tin cd diini
N larsha,l li tlrrr,r iit eur.t rj- \ u r-ir (:r cln hun8
+ Walms: lithu)61 r,6 sr.r cin bing t6nr e1uri,u.
- I|uung phdi tu dir Inri: liian lrinh li o0n iiinh rc rap tha \i hOi o
cOna ho,r lion bin! I)&c
- Samuelson: ooi lfong c.i kinlt te tirp $a \A Nhii nrdc
Trang 7Ceu 19 Dic tli6m cia chri nehia tu do mdi.
Tfti lqi
- Su ra doi: rf nhirng nam 30 cua th6 ki XX trd vd rrudc ld thoi ki
.ur r hu nelriir trr do ci V(ti su phdl lriencua (hu nghia tu ban
dut)ng N hi) n$oc \ d su xuit hidn cua li tlr uy 6t Kcr ncs- ldn diu
lr(n trtnrrlj f'lrjr \rnll ri lu d" Inil Jiir I i tlrr'rg rIi ( ur)c khun!
hoang kinh Lc lhiri sirn(29-.lj)ciing liln tan |.i tu LLrOng cda
tfLra)ng phari tlt (lo kinh td fhcnt vao do nhirng tl.tirllh luu quiin li
kinh ti thro kaL hop cua cic nuoc \i hOi chu nghia cing uic
lJ,'rrr rrrurrir rni tt'i llt tlr,t ! trr do tlunc hoi crnh do cii nha
kinh td hoc rs phai drii lai hd rirong li thul dr tu do kinh te qho
lhich htlp \'tri tinh hinh ll1di-) chu nghia ru do moi xu6t hi€lr
- Chu nghia ru do ntdi li m(jt trong nhing trdo lLru tlr rLrong tu
srn hi0n dai llo mudn irp dung vi kdt hcrp tdr ca cdc quan Jidnr
i.:tlie nh0 nh(LrIrc nhiI lurin cLra tIuirnl phii tir do cir trLrirng
phii tronl thrrong nrrii truing phii Kc] ns thzinh m0t he lLt trjong
nrdi dieLr tiCl nin Linh ti lrr btn chLr nghia
- Iu lur'r! ,.hJn ( Lr! ehrr nlhi:r trr rlrr lr,ii lc (,r (hi Lhi tfudng
cir su di0Lr tiit cLra Nha nu(ic o nrdt rrluc dQ nhit dinh Khdu hi€u
cira ho l.i thi tlLrong nhieu hon, nhd nudc can fhiep it hon ho dac
Diit nhin nrcnl) \;Lr Ld tanl ii(ua cdc (i nhin qdscn xuir vir Liir.r
Jung
" Iloc thureL vd nan kinh t6 rip rhd xd hdi ci cong hod liOn bdng
Dilc:
- l heo cic nhi kinh ti hoc cirne hod lien bing llirc ndn kinh t6
in rhi i lr,l khi,rrg nlli,i 1i.u kir h{rn rir]r n.ir' kinh rc (ip Lhi
hoat ddng lhco phrf(rng lhlrc cu cu.r chu nghiir tt han lruarc di\ \a
raf kirh ta ri-i hiri chu nshil cri kd hoilch tharnh rnirt thi rh6rrg
nlrit \, ' i, rri r L rnh tt tjp rhi tlrtr, lhu iiilr J iirr rlut cuu
Nlull(r- \rmacR tlli hrcn Iro( chc Jo rri rnU( lliu kct h(rp
neu)cn ti! tu rl' vt,i ngLrlirr ric iong hing ri h i rlen thi
lnrong''
Ngu\en ltrc rLr do vii nguyen lic cOng bAng \, h6i duoc ket hop
nrdl cich chalt cha trong khu6n khrl muc tidu cia n€n kinh t6 tdp
thiri lrr-ri l\lur- ticu thi hiinq cho rni'r Iral khu);n khich vi
JLJn! \ icr flntr! Lli'rrg lir'c J,' sing ki6n ci nhln Ji drnr hao loi
ich cua ndn kinh t0 rndt k hdc nd c6 ging loai lnr Dhung hiCn
LLrdrB liiu (.r( I'n driu kicn,lro phJp r irr r,luIg :rr nghco lhu
.ua mdl s6 Lang lop din cLr lqnt phdt thit lghiip.
- Siu ti€u chudn cua kinh te tap the \a h6i
I Dam hio qulin tu do ci nhdn.
i tJ rn nao con! oang \fl nol
r Ci) c() sli kinh doanh rheo chu ki
Xu dung !, t so tang truong nhim tJo ra I huon kho p y vi ktir
ciLr hir ting cin rhiit d6i v0i quh trinh phit triin kinh t€ lien ruc
l 'fhltc hir?n ctr str ccr ciu thich hop
r l)am biio tinh rLtung hop cua ldp thi.
'(anhtfirnh citnh tfiDh ci) hie u quii duoc coi lu nOt )eu t6 trung
tinr \ a khd|g thi thitlr duoc tr1)rg h!: tha)ng kinh te lip the \i hdi
,, DLrc Kh., ; (,, nt' tlri kh,ln! ci' nirr kinh ti til Lhi \5 hii.
C4nh trunh uo hiiu qua lui tu cuclr la mot qud trinh tliin biin cuc
Ldn thi dor hoi phai co srr hao lro vd h6 tru criu r<i ph)n D6 duy
tri canh trlnlr c,r hidu quc ciu L6n trong quydn tu do cua cAc \i
nghiop tfong canh [tanh ciic \i nghiep co co hdi thinh cong, vri
cri thi g{p ldi do
('huc ndng cua conh tr rlh
I S$ dq:rg ngudn :.ii ngu)innlrrtciLhtdi lru
+ Khuy6n khich ti6n b0 kinh G
+ Phdn ph6i 'lN.
+ Thoa man nhu cau nguoi lieu ding.
lhuc hi.'u lir:nr sii.rt \rJL rrrnh kirrh ti ri ehu thi.
I Dam bao quyan 1!r do lLra,chon vA hoal dong ci nhdn
l u\ nhien c6 nhDng nhan kl dc doa canh tranh nhi:ng nhan to
nd)(olhid('Nhirruoc"grir re uo thd d ttrnhin ga) ra.Vi \i)
;irr cir biirr pltirp hao ,,0 eunh lr-rnh
- \'Cu L(r \a h6i: NhAn dAn \ld \a hoi nhdnr neng cao mirc s6ng
.Lrr cd( .rr,r l Jil|l rrr u,,Iruc tlrLl nhrp thip nhiL Llong (hoi bao\i
Lit ra cic Lh.rnh r iirr ri h,'i Lhie Plruc nhirrrg khu khin \i kinh
t0 vd dau khd vd xd h6i do gdp phlli nhilng riri Io tlong cu6c
song
Do dd phai ndng cao mfc rdng tnrqng kinh 16 phuong phiip rhu nhan cong hdng \i) LluDg hi lhdng h.ro hiinr ri htri nhLr hco
hi€m thiit nghiip rudi tho rir dr.rng chi d.r phu( l.ri \ii hor dJ( biet lii che dO 1ro cep xd hdi cho n_euui Dglrdo dtii c6 don khirng nor nuong tLra
nhin.r'i sfrc canh tranh c6 hieLt qud Srr can 1l]idp cua Nhij n(dc
chi cin thiet cI nharng noi canh rranh kh6ng cd hi0r.r quii vir rrhirng
noi c6 chuc ning bao ve canh rranh nhinr kich thich ciiu eLr\all tac co ban cua kinh te tap the \d hdi ma kh(')ng rhd lrao \,aro ra\ lu nhdn Nhd nucrc chi can thi.sp khi cdnl hi0r riri rnLrc do hop liri thco ngulen tic ' turrng hup r di thi tfuong''
i cau 20 Li thuvAt ich tui sidd han cria tru.).ne ph:ii rio.
/r tfa loi
- t-idn b6i li llcfmrn (josson (nguari l)ucj da dud fir tu tL(rng vi
ich ltri gi6i han ri eprl ludt nhu ciu Sau clil ngLririivtcneclr Barvcrk- Wiser tdng ti6p
l heo ho loi ich lA dac tinh cu rhe cua vdl, c6 rhe thoi rnjin nhLl
cau n,ro dd cia con ngroi cd ich ltri khiich quan va ich loi chLr
quan, ich loicu th€ vd ich loi tliu luulg.
-'i'hco dd ting lOn crja nhu ciLr , ich loi c6 ru hu(rrrg giam ddn Gossen cho ring cirng voi su tdng ldn cua \ilt cle thod marn nhLl
(du 'muc dQ bio hoi tang lir) (on mrie d,l caf thiit !irrri \Lron:'
do va)' \'at saLt de thoa mdn nhu ciu s€ cir ich loi nho hon \'dl
tulrctc dri \ ,/i mot 'o lLr'.t)r \ il plrtirn nhir rl.,rh Ilri \ Jr f'h.im cr ,;;
cirng li -\'Al phdnr gicri hln ich lrri cua nri goi li ich lcri girii
h.ut \i' tlrrr Jinlr l,ri i(h (hurt crr r rj, ir i:., rat Lh.rt
flra truong phrli Ai) dd duoc kinh te hoc I S
! + Lloc thuy6t gi6i hirn ti M1-': li thur'€t ninu suiitlao d6ug chri nghiagidm sit do vey ng(oi cdng nhdn drLoc thue sau cirDg la
"nguoi cone nltin girii hln sln pltinr cur h.,li srn plriinr gi,ri han" nang sudt eua hu la nirng ruit cioi h.rn ri.lri' Jinh
rrlrr.-5uit cda LaL ca cac Long nhiin khdc
I Hec thu)et Kells khu-lnh huor)g tiiu drrrt \l uil kiinr
lfong xa h6i cd khuynh hLrong ti6u ding gioi han d6 li khuynh hudng cii nhan phan chia phdn thu nhap teng them aho lieu ding
theo tj l€ ginm din Cong vdi su tdng them cia thu nhap thi ti€u
dr)ng cring ting l6n nhung voi tdc dd ch{m hon vi phin thu nh6p
nng them dem phin ehir cho tiiu dung \i riit li.:nr
'l'i sU mng cia thu nhap' tiCu dirng gidi han c6 r.u hi"rirng giam ddn vd ti€t ki€nr gioi h+n cd khu)nh hu0ngtirng ltn Vi vi.v su
thitiu hut ciu ti0Lr dirng li xLr huiing vinh lidn cua moi nin san
ruit ( ou gioi lrJlldi'chinhIjnguldnrrlr.in!J\ r:rrfrlri lllil
nghiep
- | u \ in dc nroi nirt krrrh rt l)llJt qJul lurn grri qtrr,: .
' lrLrurrg nhli clrinlr lriirr Jur: \urnLLlson \,i: lrlnrr\.11 "i.;i hrn khunangsJnrLr6t Jo tinlr chit h:rn.h: rLrir r(,xl h,' !ci lgu\cll
c6 th€ vin xudt ra hdng hoa buQc xat6i chi cluoc su lua chqrn . tlong sd h?rng hoii tfong ddi khan hiinr 'l-ir clri moi nen san xuat
Sd hi:t tdi nguyen vdro siin xudt m6t mdt hdng lhi ludn luOn phdi
bo mol ciii gi do cia mot mat hdng khric (iioi h.in kha nang san
xuAt bidu thi sL lua ch on nrir xd h6i cir the cri 'l iL sr,r phin tich tr€n ciic nhd kinh td hoc dLra la qLran diim r i hieu quir \u duns rai
ngu) en Thco ho mOt ni:n kinh td co hiiu qur nim tren du,ong
gidi han khd ning sdn xu61.
-'frong dudng gioi han : thiEn nhidn chuu srl ,lung h6r.
- Ngodi dudng gidi han khong phu thuoc
CAu 21 Li thuv6t cia Keyngs qdt mtt lir su k6 tuc- nho.ne
su at6i lep vfi trudns ph{i nev Dua vio hoc thuyot cia
truone Dhdi niv khic vdi truons phAi Keynes di (hrine minh
Tfd lqi
"llocrhu)etcLratfucrngnhii tir c,, diin r'.r cl,ii crrt,i th6 l) Xl\ dau the ki XX khicd su chLrl,6n bidn manh mLi tir chLr nghia ru
bAL tu do caDh tranh sang chLr nghia tLr biin dLrirDg lloc thLrlct
Trang 8XX nhimg drl c6 slr k6 tuc tdng hoc tlruy6t cirn tru.c,ng phdi tan c6
Ci6n dicLr d6 the hi6n:
' llLrirrrg phrli riin cd cliin tlLr.a vio tln li chu quan de gidi lhich
.iic hi.^n luong vir rluii rfinh tinr li XA h6i cdn phai nghiCn cuu
uua Kel ncs cirng dua r.io tiim li ch_u quaD cia \ai h6i nhu khuy.nh
hudng.lieu ding khuynh hLrong ti€t kidn nhLr ddn briy cua ndn
kinh rd
Sq di c6 srit6 thua nhu vdy Id do trLrdng phii ran cd diiin de dua
vao tinh chir khan hicm cta sdn phdm kinh t6 khi dd s6 luons
rLra n6 co gioi han, khi hdng hda khan hi6m thi nguoi tieu ji,;g
'liing hoJr dir cring cao
-(dr hoc thu),er Ke\nes cing dua vdo ciic khul,nh hudng kich
cdu Ung ldn cirng dua lr'en su rAng tieu ditng gianr ti6t ki€m cia
nglroi dan latm rhu nhap giam
- -[r',,rirnr
i-.ltJri 1i rr cci.cli.:n dL* ra li luil"ich lrri c!ra gj(.ri hun.' ci.l
lllralng phiii ii() ch() tin! cilng \ (ii da ting len cul r it phim tlroa
rli rrll,r (j ntLr( J,.' hio lt,,r tii r lcn ntJc J,, illn lh.it (uJ nhtl
.au erarn \u6ng ich ltri giiri han lrl ich lo-i cur r it phin cu6i
aung dlril lil thoi ltliin nhLl eiu
N,' l 1.,, ,u' !t)o nlrir \r qu)il di,rh ir.lr lrri cua r.il L.J Lj( \iL
khtlc Ke).rrcs di clLr |a ciic phanr tfir !,d khu) nh hLrong riilt ki€rr
qiaun liini cho hi u rlLru gi6i han cua tLL ban girm cdu vd ti0Lr
.li rg gianr')gi) l.tl khing hodng thu nhip
Srr phirrr pl rLrni n Jp phLin rirlrtoin lr,.\ lr', hilh dd rhi
-" I i l co dlc|
r dlra viio trinr li cat blar
+ uDg h() tlr do cirnh tranh, chiing lai su can thiep cua Nhi nlroc
lio kinh Lc ctr ehi rip rhi tu phir sC dilrn bac' udrrg bing e-c
t€ rhal nghi0p
*+ Kclnes
+ Dua vio liilll li xrl hoi
' \hi r.Lr.i" J'l,.rr .;r, tlrit tr ,.n, krnlr ,e 1., i,r'g I'ing e- ltr,-'.
thLfc hi.in nho cic co so tidn Le diLl lu cua Nhd nuoc
Vir Ji (iln! triur lr kh.irr5 lruug kirrh ti ru vi.'e lirm
fra ldi
*l)dc diCnr phLrcrng phaip luin cia riuo.llg phdi tin cO dien:
- Clu6i rhi kt x lX diu th6 ki XX chu ngh'ia t$ do canh rranh c6
sqr doi hiin nr4nh mi sang chu nghia tu b.in duong cirng vriisp
ra drri cur khoa hoc Marr phii kinh t€ chinh tr.i tLr sdn c6 dien tO
ra;iurhilhi bro \ i chu ngir tu bdrr- lrLrocb6i canhdotrrrong
phii 1dn cd dien ra doi
- I[ro g phji rin c0 dier dua rao lim li chu quan de giai rhich
c/rc hien tLrqng vi qua trinh kinh t6 -xd hdi vdn dung dLra m li
thultt quan hC siin \udt vd giii ca hdng hoii tfen thi trudng do c-c
qu) et dinh
- dp dlng phuonts phiip phan rich vi m6: di vdo nghi€n criu hdnh
Jirng lirlr sa,r Lic \c'| s(i thu [hin nhu ri] si lhLt Llrt(re nhiLlu hang
hoa nhar cdn ci'rc \i nghicp kinh doanh ldm lhe nio d6 thu duoc
lrri rrhuin nhiir.r nhit
- \'in.lijii! ph.J,lr! phil in.in ho rjhLr edng tlrri ,.ji rhi m6 hinh
C€ duu ra circ pham trir kinlr t0 .
- llo dua ra c6c kinh nghi€m rnoi nltu "ich lqi gidi h4n, ndng su6t
uidi han sAn phdm gidi h!n " vi vdl trLrring phdi tdn cd didn con
goi ld trLrong phrii gioi h4n
I l)iic diirrr chung ri lhie {) \i'i rrLIc/Dg nhii kinh tt chinh Lri (u
san c6 di0n A nh
Dirc diinr chun!: ( irc tfrLirng phar niy Jctr ung ho tu do canh
tmnh ch6ng lai sLr can thiop cua Nhd nudc vdo thi h.uong Ho tin
tuong !ang co che thiirudng lu phdt se ddrn bao cdn bing c-c,
dim bAo cho.nen kinh tC ting binh thudng triinh dunc khdng
hodng kinh t6.
** CO aidr.
- Ding phuong phap nghi€n cuu dua vdo kh6ch
- Di sdu vdo nghien cirLl linh vuc sin rui.
- Chf l; nghi€n c[ru m6r chdl
-Nghiin cuu ciic viin d0 kinh t6 thr.rong di ciip tl€n r 6n cji kinh
t€ - \A hdi(cd lien hd r cri dieu kidn chinh rri - \d h6i)
** ldn cd di€n
- Dr)ng_tdrn li chir quan cua nhin ddn
-Chu)ensuchui sang linh \Ltc rraL,Jdi luu LhdnU ra nhu cir.r.
- Chi ),Cu ld mil luqng
- Nghi€n cr?u vi! vrin d6 kinh 16 thuAn tui phir nhan rhuat ngi: kinh t6 chinh tri h9c cUa Montchrerien tUj chi la kinh tb ti,
C_eu23 Li thuv6t va su can thi6p cria Nhi nu6c vio kinh te
cia Kevnes
aciul7t-;Tfr-iiTiG]iilfr t K"
1 n"",
- Tfong mdt thoi gian ddi li thu10r Kelnes ducrc |An dung rong
rii tu) nhiin 116 cins the hidn s6 hxn chC.
+ Muc dich cua ii thu10t Kel neslii ch6ne khune hoarre r i thit
nghiep Song trong nhing nanr lhuu hien li thu) al ni) tl)i cu l
ndnr lai c6 nldt ldn chdn d6ng kinh ri.
\ln thit nglri:f',r *( nuLri lrr hun lhonu lrr,il.Lhiu 1;rr,r; rrr.r
c6 xu huong gia tang l u iuong .l,anr phrir c(r diiLr tiit.'cLru
Ke),ncs gdp phin ldnt tang su Lriim rLong cua ianr phat rr0r ci'lrl
bdnh nan giiii cua ndn kinh rt hi6n dai + Cdng cu lai, s6i diOu ti0t dnu t cL:rng khinrg c6 hieLr clua \a
nhi6u khi cdn cd tic dOng nguoc lai
+ Ndnr droc nhu cdu xd hdi hoii ddi hdi sLr can rhiep Nhd nrralc
vio kinh t6- kcl cs dua ra li thuy6r chu nghia tu bin dutrc didLr
tiCt Song khi dinh giii cao vai tro Nha nuoc.6ng lai bo qua vai tlo cua lu tuong tu do crlJ h n ta\ v6 hrnh r:ril uin bing rong qu6t
=) Di€u d6 lim gid tdng xu hlrong phe phdn Ii thu-r'it kinh td
Keynes