1.2Bài Tập: Chuyển những câu chủ động sang dạng câu bị động:1.. Dạng bài tập chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động với các cấu trúc đặc biệt: 2.1 Dạng câu hỏi có từ để hỏi: 2.1.1Đối với n
Trang 11.2Bài Tập: Chuyển những câu chủ động sang dạng câu bị động:
1 Somebody has taken my briefcase
2 The teacher returned our written work to us
3 She had finished her report by noon
4 The mad dog bit the little boy
5 The police have arrested five suspects
6 The doctor ordered him to take a long rest
7 Lightning struck the house
8 A group of students have met their friend at the railway station
9 They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home
10 The teacher won’t correct exercise tomorrow
11 Marry has operated Tom since 10 o’clock
12.This is the second time they have written to us about this
13 Mr Smith has taught us French for two years
14 They didn’t look after the children properly
15 Nobody swept this strreet last week
16 People drink a great deal of tea in England
17 People speak English all over the world
18 Tom was writing two poem
19 She often takes her dog for a walk
20 They can’t make tea with cold water
21 The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant
22 Somebody has taken some of my book away
23 They will hold the meeting before May Day
24 They have to repaire the engine of the car
25 The boys broke the window and took away some pictures
26 People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday
27 They may use this room for the classroom
28 The teacher is going to tell a story
29 Marry is cutting the cakes with a sharp knife
30 The children looked at the woman with a red hat
31 She used to pull my hat over my eyes
32 For the past years, I have done all my washing by hand
33 A pair of robins have built a nest in the porch since last week
34 The police haven’t found the murderers yet
35 They sold one of her own paintings at $1,000
36 I will put your gloves back in your drawer
37 People speak English in almost every corner of the world
38 You mustn’t use this machine after 5:30 p.m
39 Luckily for me, they didn’t call my name
40 After class, one of the students always erases the chalk board
1 Dạng bài tập chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động với các cấu trúc
đặc biệt:
2.1 Dạng câu hỏi có từ để hỏi:
2.1.1)Đối với những câu hỏi có từ để hỏi, chúng ta có thể chia làm hai loại:
Loại 1 : Từ để hỏi có chức năng là tân ngữ trong câu chủ động Với dạng câu
hỏi này việc chuyển sang câu bị động rất đơn giản vì từ để hỏi đó sẽ có chức năng là chủ ngữ trong câu bị động
Trang 2Eg: Active: How many languages do they speak in Canada?
Passive: How many languages are spoken in Canada?
Loại 2: Từ để hỏi có chức năng là chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động khi chuyển
sang câu bị động, nó sẽ có vai trò là tân ngữ trong câu Khi đó, ta sẽ có hai cách chuyển Hoặc chuyển By lên đầu câu( từ để hỏi sẽ ở dạng tân ngữ) hoặc
để By ở cuối câu
Eg: Who wrote this novel ?
Who was this novel written by?
Hoặc: By whom was this novel written?
2.1.2) Bài tập:
1 When will you do the work?
2 How many days did she spend fininshing the work?
3 How do you spend this amount of money?
4 What books are people reading this year?
5 How did the police find the lost man?
6 Who looked after the children for you?
7 How long have they waited for the doctor?
8 What time can the boys hand in their papers?
9 Why didn’t they help him?
10 Who are they keeping in the kitchen?
2.2 Dạng chuyển câu với các động từ chỉ giác quan
2.2.1 Cấu trúc:
Ex: They saw her come in
-> She was seen to came in
2.2.2 Bài tập:
1 I have heard her sing this song several times
2 People saw him steal your car
3 The teacher is watching them work
4 He won’t let you do that silly thing again
5 People don’t make the children work hard
6 They made him work all day
7 The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag
8 The terrorists made the hostages lie down
9 Police advise drivers to use an alternative route
10 She helps me do all these dificult exercises
2.3 Câu mệnh lệnh.
2.3.1 Khi chuyển câu mệnh lệnh sang câu bị động ta sử dụng cấu trúc sau: Eg: Take off your hat!
Let your hat be taken off!
Ngoài cách trên, còn một cách khác để chuyển câu mệnh lệnh sang câu bị động nhng ít dùng hơn Đó là:
Eg: Active: Look after the children please!
Active: S + V + O + bare infinitive/V-ing+
Passive: S + be + V( past pasticiple) + to-infinitive/ V-ing
Active: V + O + Adjunct
Passive: Let +O + be past participle + Adjunct.
S + am/ is/ are + to be + past participle Hoặc S should be + past participle
Trang 3Passive: The children should be looked after!
Hoặc : The children are to be looked after!
2.3.2: Bài tập:
1 Open your book!
2 Take off your hat!
3 Don’t do that silly thing again!
4 Let’s tell them about it!
5 Don’t let the other see you!
2.4: Dạng chuyển câu với các động từ tờng thuật:
2.4.1Các động từ tờng thuật thờng đợc dùng để tờng thuật lại các câu nói, ý nghĩ, câu hỏi , yêu cầu, lời xin lỗi ……… Một số động từ tờng thuật thờng gặp
là : say, think, know, believe, ask, tell, promise…
Có hai cấu trúc liên quan đến động từ tờng thuật:
a Mẫu câu : Active:
Passive :
Eg: He told me that you had a new bike
I was told that you had a new bike
b Mẫu câu
Mẫu câu này có hai cách chuyển sang dạng bị động:
- Cách 1 : dùng chủ ngữ giả “it”
Eg: People think that I am the best student in my class
It is thought that I am the best student in my class
- Cách 2 : dùng chủ ngữ của mệnh đề that và sử dụng dạng nguyên mẫu
của động từ ở ví dụ trên , có cách chuyển thứ hai là:
Eg: I am thought to be the best student in my class
ở cách chuyển thứ hai , có thể dùng 3 dạng nguyên mẫu của động từ: 1) To- inf: khi hành động xảy ra ở mệnh đề that diễn ra cùng thì hoặc diễn ra sau hành động ở mệnh đề tờng thuật
2) nguyên mẫu tiếp diễn: to be ving, khi hành động ở mệnh đề that ở thì tiếp diễn , còn hành động ở mệnh đề tờng thuật ở thì đơn giản, cùng bậc
3)nguyên mẫu hoàn thành: to have done, khi hành động ở mệnh đề that xảy ra trớc hành động ở mệnh đề tờng thuật
Eg1: People say that he is a rich man
He is said to be a rich man
Eg2: They think that she is living there
She is thought to be living there
Eg3: They said that Tom had left home before the weekend
Tom was said to have left home before the weekend
2.4.2: Bài tập:
1 People say that he works 16 hours aday
S + V + Oi + that clause.
S (Oi) + be past participle + that clause.
S + V + that + clause.
Trang 42 It is believed that the boy is wearing a white T- shirt and blue jeans.
3 People thought Mike had paid too much
4 Everyone knows the portrait was painted by Picasso
5 It is predicted that the company will lose money this year
6 It is said that she has lived there for ten years
7 The police think the criminal is in hiding in the London area
8 It is reported that the building has been badly damaged by fire
9 It is said that there is a secret tunnel between them
10 They believe that the thieves git in through the kitchen window
3.Dạng bài tập tự luận về cách chia động từ với động từ nguyên thể
và danh động từ:
3.1 Cấu trúc:
Động từ nguyên thể: To Be + PII
Danh động từ : Being + PII
Active: To- infinitive: I ought to meet Sarah at the airport
-ing form : I insist on meeting you at the airport
( I meet people)
Passive: I hope to be met at the airport
I love being met at the airport
( people meet me)
3.2 Bài tập: Hoàn thành những câu sau với động từ nguyên mẫu hoặc danh
động từ dạng chủ động hoặc bị động
1 As we don’t agree about politics we generally avoid( dicuss) the subject
2 He doesn’t get on with the new boss, so he’s asked( transfer) another branch of the company
3 Please stop (interrupt) me when I’m explaining something to you You can ask questions at the end
4 I must say, I don’t really fancy(spend) my whole holiday with your cousins
5 He admits(enter) the house but he says he didn’t take anything
6 I’ve apologized to her but he still refuses (speak) to me
7 I don’t mind (work) late, if it will help at all
8 I simply can’t afford ( support) you any longer-you’ll just have to find a job
9 We had hoped to find the project by the end of the month but we keep ( delay) by changes in plans
10 You’d better go and see the teacher and say what you have done If you put off ( explain) to her, she will only be more annoyed
3.3Dạng bài tập với động từ Have và get
4.1Cấu trúc
a Với have
Eg :
I has him repair my bicycle yesterday
-> I had my bicycle repaired yesterday
Have / get something done ( dạng nhờ bảo ).
Active : S + have + Object( person) + bare infinitive + Object.
Passive : S + have + Object ( thing) + Past Participle (+ by +
Object( person))
Trang 5a Với get.
Eg:
I get her to make some coffee
-> I get some coffee made
4.2 Bài tập
Đọc những tình huống sau và viết cau với cấu trúc have something
done
1 Malenie is paying the man who has repaired her bicycle
2 David went to the hospital
3 Daniel is going to the dentist She’s going to fill his tooth
4 Laura is walking around town while her photos are being developed
5 Tom( whose car was stolen from outside his house)
6 David (whose electricity has been cut off)
IV Dạng bài tập tự luận tổng hợp:
1 Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng chủ động hoặc bị
động:
Adventourists are beginning to discover Campinilea, and the island
is hard at work getting ready to welcome more visitors A new airport (1) -(build) last year, and at the moment, hotels (2) -(construct) along the southern beaches A new road(3) -( finish) Next year so visitors will be able to reach the northern region Five years ago, verry little(4) -(know) about Campinilea; but last year, three books (5) -(write) about the island, and serveral gui books(6) -(publish) At the moment, these books (7) -( translate) into different languages English(8) -( teach) in schools so many Campinileans know
a little English, but not many other foreign languages(9) -(speak)
Tourism has brought many changes to this small island, and people are afraid that it will have a negative effect on the tradiyional customs and culture of the people For example, last month in the capital, serveral young Campinileans(10) -(arrest) for being drunk in publish, and some tourist (11) -(rob) near the beach However, if you leave the tourist areas and go up to the mountains, you will find that life is still the same as it was hundreds of years ago For example, since the sixteenth
Century, the same tribal dances(12) -(perform) to the celebrate the Campinilean new year, and the same type of food(13) -(serve) For centuries, visitors (14) -(invite) to join Campinileans in the celebration of festivals, and you will find traditional Campinilean hospitality
in these regions has not changed at all
Tuy nhiên , hiện nay theo quyết định của Bộ giáo dục và đào tạo thì môn Ngoại ngữ đợc thi dới hình thức trắc nghiệm khách quan trong các kì thi tốt nghiệp THPT hay thi CĐ, ĐH Do đó, muốn làm tốt đợc các bài tập trắc nghiệm và tự luận về câu bị động thì học sinh phải nắm chắc cấu trúc câu bị động , làm đợc các bài tập viết về chuyển sang câu bị động thì sẽ dễ dàng làm đợc các bài tập trắc nghiệm Sau đây là một số bài tập dới hình thức trắc nghiệm , sẽ giúp học sinh củng cố kiến thức và làm bài tốt về câu
bị động theo hình thức trắc nghiệm tốt hơn
Active: S + get + O (person) + to infinitive + O ( thing)
Passive : S + get + O (thing) + Past participle (+by + O(person))
Trang 6IV Các dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm
Exercise 1: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để hoàn thành những câu sau:
1 My wedding ring ………… of yellow and white gold
2 If your brother ………., he would come
a invited b were invited c were inviting d invite
3 References ………… in the examination room
a not are used b is not used c didn’t used d are not used
4 Mary ………… in Boston
a are born b were born c was born d born
5 My mother is going ……… this house
a sold b to be sold c to sold d to sell
6.There’s somebody hehind us I think we are ………
a being followed b are followed c follow d following
7 Have you ……… by a dog?
a bite b ever been bit c ever been bitten d bit
8.The room is being ………… at the moment
a was cleaned b cleaned c cleaning d clean
9 The road to our village ………… widened next year
10 The old lady was ……….exhausted after the long walk
a very b absolutely c pretty d fairly
11 The old man is said……….all his money to an old people’s home when
he died
a to leave b to leaving c have left d to have left
12 Nobody was injured in the accident , …………?
a was there b was he c were they d weren’t they
13 Renoir’s paintings ……… masterpieces all over the world
a had considered b are considered c are considering d consider
14 He was advised…………singing lessons
15 You’d better get someone…………your living room
a redecorate b redecorated c to redecorate d redecorating
16 When………… ? In 1928
a penicillin was discovered b did pencillin discoved
c was penicillin disscoverd d did pencillin discover
17 I don’t remember……… of the decision to change the company policy
on vacations
a telling b being told c to tell d to be told
18 The children ………to the zoo
a were enjoyed taken b enjoyed being taken
c were enjoyed taking d enjoyed taking
19 A new bike was bought ………….him on his birthday
20 His car needs ………
a be fixed b fixing c to be fixing d fixed
21 Her watch needs………
a reparing b to be repaired c repaired d a&b
22 He was said……….this building
a designing b to have designed c to designs d designed
Trang 723 Ted………….by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
a got sting b got stung c get stung d gets stung
24 Let the children………… taken to the cinema
25 That book by a famous author
a wrote b was written c is writing d has written
Exercise 2: Chọn câu có cùng nghĩa với câu đã cho bằng cách chọn a, b, c hoặc d.
1.Somebody cleans that room everyday
a The room every day is cleaned
b The room is everyday cleaned
c The room is cleaned every day
d The room is cleaned by somebody everyday
2 They cancelled all flights because of fog
a All flights because of fog were cancelled
b All flights were cancelled because of fog
c All flights were cancelled by them because of fog
d All flights were because of fog cancelled
3.They are building a new highway around the city
a A new highway is being built around the city
b A new highway is being built around the city by them
c A new highway around the city is being built
d Around the city a new highway is being built
4.They have built a new hospital near the airport
a A new hospital has been built near the airport by them
b A new hospital near the airport has been built
c A new hospital has been built near the airport
d Near the airport a new hospital has been built by them
5 They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview
a You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview
b You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them
c A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview
d A lot of questions will be asked at the interview
6 People don’t use this road very often
a This road is not used very often
b Not very often this road is not used
c This road very often is not used
d This road not very often is used
7 Somebody accused me of stealing money
a I was accused by somebody of stealing money
b I was accused of stealing money
c I was accused of stealing money by somebody
d I was accused stealing money
8 Somebody is using the computer at the moment
a The computer is being used at the moment
b The computer at the moment is being used
c The computer is being used by somebody at the moment
d The computer is used at the moment
9 The bill includes service
a Service is included by the bill
Trang 8b Service included in the bill.
c Service is included in the bill
d Service is in the bill
10 They have changed the date of the meeting
a The date of the meeting has been changed
b The date of the meeting has been changed by them
c The meeting has been changed the date
d The date of the meeting has changed
11 It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing.`
a People say that UFO sightings are increasing
b people have said that UFO sightings are increasing
c That UFO sightings are increasing is true
d UFO has been said to be inreasing
12 He is getting them mend the windows
a He’s having the windows to mend
b He’s having to mend the windows
c He’s having to be mended the windows
d He is having the windows mended
13 They made her hand over her passport
a She was made to hand over her passport
b She was made hand over her passport
c She was handed over to make her passport
d She was handed over for her passport to make
14 Don’t let the others see you
a Don’t let you to be seen
b Don’t let yourself be seen
c You aren’t to be seen by the others
d Both a &c allowed
15 They say that many people are homeless after the tsunami
a They say many people to have been homeless after the tsunami
b They say many piople to bbe homeless after the tsunami
c Many people are said to have been homeless after the tsunami
d Many people are said to be homeless after the tsunami
16 They know that the Prime Minister is in favour of the new law
a The Prime minister is known to have been in favour of the new law
b They know the Prime Minister to be in favour of the new law
c The Prime Minister is known to be in favour of the new law
d They know the Prime Minister to have been in favour of the new law
17 They expect that the government will lose the election
a The government is expected to have lost the election
b The government is expected to lose the election
c They expect the government to lose the election
d They expect the government have lost election
18 I didn’t realize that somebody was recording our conversation
a I didn’t realize that our conversation was recorded
b I didn’t realize that our conversation was being recorded
c I didn’t realize that our conversation was being recorded by someone
d Our conversation wasn’t realized to be recorded
19 They never made us do anything we didn’t want to do
a We are never made to do anything we didn’t want to do
Trang 9b We were never made to do anything we didn’t want to do.
c We have never made to do anything we didn’t want to do
d We had never made to do anything we didn’t want to do
20 Brian told me that somebody had attacked him in the street
a I was told by Brian that soebody had attacked him in the street
b I was told by Brian that he had been attacked in the street
c Brian told me to have been attacked in the street
d Brian told me that he had been attacked in the street
Exercise 3: cã mét lçi trong bèn ph¬ng ¸n g¹ch ch©n sau H·y t×m lçi b»ng c¸ch lùa chän ph¬ng ¸nA, B, C, hoÆc D.
1 The children were frightening by the thunder and lightning
A B C D
2 Two people got hurt in the accident and were took to the hospital by an
A B C D
ambulance
3 The students helped by the clear explanation that the teacher gave
A B C D
4 That alloy is composing by iron and tin
A B C D
5 The winner of the race hasn’t been announcing yet
A B C D
6 Progress is been made every day in all parts of the world
A B C D
7 When, where and by whom has the automobile invented?
A B C D
8 Each assembly kit is accompany by detailed instruction
A B C D
9 Arthur was giving an award by the city for all of his efforts in crime
A B C D
prevention
10 It was late and I was getting very worry about my son
A B C D
11 I discovered that many strange things were happened last night
A B C D
12 He was seen go to the beach with some other people
A B C D
13 He is believed to work for the CIA in the 1970s
A B C D
14 We are not let to cycle in the park, are we?
A B C D
15 You should get your car to service every two years
A B C D
16 Only coffee and dessert been servered at the reception yesterday
A B C D
17 When I have been finished my work, I’m going to take a walk
A B C D
18 Because we have a writing agreement, our landlord won’t be able
A B
to raise our rent for two years
C D
Trang 1019 The heel of my shoe broke off, then my dress got tore in the elevator door
A B C D
20 When I crossed the road I saw two men whose car was broken down
A B C D
V Đáp án gợi ý
1.2 chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1 My briefcase has been taken
2 Our written work was returned to us by the teacher
3 The report had been finished by noon
4 The little boy was bitten by the mad dog
5 Five suspects have been arrested by the police
6 He was ordered to take a long rest by the doctor
7 The house was struck by lightning
8 Their friend has been met at the railway station by a group of students
9 Tom wasn’t allowed to take these book home
10 Exercises won’t be corrected by the teacher tomorrow
11 Tom has been operated since 10 o’clock
12 This is the second time we have been written to about this
13 We have been taught French by Mr Smith for two years
14 The children weren’t properly looked after
15 This street wasn’t swept last week
16 A great deal of tea is drunk in England
17 English is spoken all over the world
18 Two poems were being written
19 Her dog is often taken for a walk
20 Tea can’t be made with cold water
21 All the workers of the plant were being instructed by the chief
22 Some of my books have been taken away
23 The meeting will be held before May Day
24 The engine of the car has to be repaired
25 The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys
26 A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday
27 This room may be used for the classroom
28 A story is going to be told by the teacher
29 The cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary
30 The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children
31 My hat used to be pulled over my eyes
32 For the past years, all my washing have been done by hand
33 A nest has been built in porch since last week by a pair of robins
34 The murderer hasn’t been found yet
35 One of her own paintings was sold at $1,000
36 Your gloves will be put back in your drawer
37 English is spoken in almost every corner of the world
38 This machine mustn’t be used after 5:30 p.m
39 Luckily for me, my name wasn’t called
40 After class, the chalk board is always erased by one of the students
2.1.2 : Wh- question:
1 When will the work be done?