I. Định nghĩa: Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề phụ được nối với mệnh đề chính bởi các đại từ quan hệ (who, whom, whose, which, that ) hay các trạng từ quan hệ như (where, when, why). Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay đằng sau danh từ, đại từ trong mệnh đề chính để bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ, đại từ ấy,phân biệt danh từ đại từ ấy với các danh từ đại từ khác. Chức năng của nó giống như một tính từ do vậy nó còn được gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ.
RELATIVE CLAUSES I Định nghĩa: Mệnh đề quan hệ mệnh đề phụ nối với mệnh đề đại từ quan hệ (who, whom, whose, which, that ) hay trạng từ quan hệ (where, when, why) Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng đằng sau danh từ, đại từ mệnh đề để bổ sung ý nghĩa cho danh từ, đại từ ấy,phân biệt danh từ đại từ với danh từ đại từ khác Chức giống tính từ cịn gọi mệnh đề tính ngữ II CÁC ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ: Who: -Là đại từ quan hệ người làm chủ ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ người để làm chủ ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó.-Theo sau who động từ Eg: The man who is sitting by the fire is my father ->That is the boy who helped me to find your house Whom: -Là đại từ quan hệ người làm tân ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ người để làm tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó.-Theo sau whom chủ ngữ Eg: The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt.->The boy whom we are looking for is Tom Which:Là đại từ quan hệ vật, làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ cho động từ sau -Theo sau which động từ chủ ngữ Eg: This is the book I like it best.=> This is the book which I like best The hat is red It is mine.=> The hat which is red is mine -Khi which làm tân ngữ, ta lược bỏ which Eg: This is the book I like best The dress (which) I bought yesterday is very beautiful That: Là đại từ quan hệ người lẫn vật, dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which mệnh đề quan hệ thuộc loại Restricted Clause (Mệnh đề xác định) Eg: That is the book that I like best.=>That is the bicycle that belongs to Tom My father is the person that I admire most I can see the girl and her dog that are running in the park Whose:Là đại từ quan hệ người, thay cho tính từ sở hữu Whose dùng cho of which -Theo sau Whose danh từ Eg: The boy is Tom You borrowed his bicycle yesterday => The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom John found a cat Its leg was broken => John found a cat whose leg was broken III CÁC TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ When: trạng từ quan hệ thời gian, đứng sau tiền ngữ thời gian, dùng thay cho at, on, in + which, then Eg: May Day is the day when people hold a meeting (= on which) I’ll never forget the day when I met her (=on which) That was the time when he managed the company (= at which) Where: trạng từ quan hệ nơi trốn, thay cho at, on, in + which; there) Eg: That is the house where we used to live (= in which) Do you know the country where I was born? Hanoi is the place where I like to come Why: trạng từ quan hệ lí do, đứng sau tiền ngữ “the reason”, dùng thay cho “for the reason” Eg: Please tell me the reason why you are so sad (= for which) He told me the reason why he had been absent from class the day before IV CÁC LOẠI MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: có ba loại mệnh đề quan hệ 1.Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive relative clause) -Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, phận quan trọng câu, bỏ mệnh đề khơng có nghĩa rõ ràng Eg The girl who is wearing the blue dress is my sister The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (non- restrictive relative clause ) -Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước,là phần giải thích thêm, bỏ mệnh đề cịn nghĩa rõ ràng -Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định thường ngăn với mệnh đề dấu phẩy Danh từ đứng trước thường tên riêng trước danh từ thường có từ như: this, that, these, those, my, his her…đứng trước - Không dùng that mệnh đề không xác định Eg My father, who is 50 years old, is a doctor This girl, whom you met yesterday, is my daughter Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp - Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp dùng để giải thích câu, trường hợp dùng đại từ quan hệ which dùng dấu phẩy để tách hai mệnh đề Mệnh đề đứng cuối câu Eg He admires Mr Brown, which surprises me Mary tore Tom’s letter, which made him sad V.DẠNG RÚT GỌN CỦA MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: 1.Using participle phrases (sử dụng phân từ) - Present participle: Dùng cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể chủ động Ta dùng present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề (bỏ đại từ quan hệ trợ động từ, đưa động từ nguyên mẫu thêm –ing) The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle The man sitting to you is my uncle Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night? Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night? 2.Using past participle: - Past participle: Dùng cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể bị động (Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, trợ động từ bắt đầu cụm từ past participle) Eg1The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting The books written by To Hoai are interesting Eg2 The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy The students punished by the teacher are lazy Eg3 The house which is being built now belongs to Mr Pike The house built now belongs to Mr Pike Using “to infinitive” or “infinitive phrase” (for sb to do): Bỏ đại từ quan hệ, bỏ chủ ngữ trợ động từ, bắt đầu cụm từ “infinitive” a Dùng danh từ đứng trước có chữ sau bổ nghĩa : THE FIRST, THE SECOND,…., THE LAST, THE NEXT, THE ONLY , DẠNG SO SÁNH NHẤT, PURPOSE Bỏ who, which,that ,chủ từ (nếu có ) modal verb can ,will thêm to trước động từ Ex: This is the only student who can the problem ==> This is the only student who can the problem ==> This is the only student to the problem - The captain was the last man who left the ship => The captain was the last man to leave the ship b Động từ HAVE/HAD - I have much homework that I must ==> I have much homework that I must ==> I have much homework to c Đầu câu có HERE (BE),THERE (BE) There are six letters which have to be written today There are six letters to be written today - Một số động từ khác need , want v v nói chung ta dịch chỗ to inf với nghĩa "để" mà nghe suông tai dùng Ghi nhớ: Trong phần to inf bạn cần nhớ điều sau: - Nếu chủ từ mệnh đề khác thêm cụm for sb trước to inf We have some picture books that children can read We have some picture books for children to read Tuy nhiên chủ từ đại từ có nghĩa chung chung we,you,everyone khơng cần ghi Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us ) to think about Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ phải đem xuống cuối câu ( lỗi dễ sai nhất) We have a peg on which we can hang our coat We have a peg to hang our coat on Ex: English is an important language which we have to master => English is an important language to master There is a good restaurant where we can eat good food => There is a good restaurant to eat good food That is the hotel where we can stay => That is the hotel to stay Here is the form that you must fill in => Here is the form for you to fill in Using noun phrases: mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xách định rút gọn cách dùng cụm danh từ Dùng mệnh đề tình từ có dạng: S + BE + DANH TỪ /CỤM DANH TỪ/CỤM GIỚI TỪ Cách làm: Bỏ who ,which be Ex1: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health ==‾潆潆潆 > Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health ==> Football, a popular sport, is very good for health Ex2: Do you like the book which is on the table? ==> Do you like the book on the table? Ex3: George Washington, who was the first presidentof the United States, was a general in the army George Washington, the first presidentof the United States, was a general in the army Ex4: We visited Barcelona, which is a city in northern Spain We visited Barcelona, a city in northern Spain 5) Mệnh de tính từ có dạng be tính từ/cụm tính từ: Có cơng thức rút gọn: Cơng thức 1: Bỏ who, which to be -> giữ nguyên tính từ phía sau Diều kiện 1: Nếu phía trước that đại từ phiếm something, anything, anybody Ví dụ: There must be something that is wrong ( There must be something wrong Diều kiện 2: Có dấu phẩy phía trước phải có từ tính từ trở lên Ví dụ: My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house ( My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house Công thức 2: Những trường hợp cịn lại ta đem tính từ lên trước danh từ Ví dụ: My grandmother, who is sick, never goes out of the house ( My sick grandmother never goes out of the house.) I buy a hat which is very beautiful and fashionable ( I buy a very beautiful and fashionable hat * Tuy nhiên cụm tính từ gồm danh từ ta cịn cách dùng V-ing mà thơi Ví dụ: I met a man who was very good at both English and French ( I met a man being very good at both English and French.) - Các cụm tuổi viết lại từ gạch nối chúng (two years old ( two-yearold) Ví dụ: I have a car which has four seats ( I have a four-seat car) I had a holiday which lasted two days ( I had a two-day holiday) VI.GiớI Từ ĐI VớI MệNH Đề QUAN Hệ: -Chỉ có hai đại từ quan hệ Whom which thường có giới từ kèm giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ cuối mệnh đề quan hệ Eg1 The man about whom you are talking is my brother The man (whom) you are talking about is my brother Eg2 The picture at which you are looking is very expensive The picture ( which) you are looking at is very expensive Chú ý: -Khi giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ dùng that thay cho whom which mệnh đề quan hệ xác định -Khi giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ ta có khơng thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ có khơng thể dùng that thay cho whom which VII.Lưu ý mệnh đề quan hệ Các đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ xác định lược bỏ Eg Do you know the boy (whom) we met yesterday? That’s the house (which) I have bought -Tuy nhiên đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định lược bỏ Ex: Mr Tom, whom I spoke on the phone to , is very interested in our plan Khi danh từ nói đến tân ngữ giới từ, ta đưa giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ Trường hợp dùng Whom Which Miss Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a very nice teacher Mr Cater, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost Chú ý cách dùng cấu trúc mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ: all, most, none, neither, any, either, some, (a)few, both, half, each, one, two, several, many, much, + of which/whom - Tuyệt đối không dùng đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ: them, us trường hợp Ex1: Their sons, both of whom (không Ex1: Their sons, both of whom (khơng nói both of them) are working abroad, ring her up every week Ex2: The buses, most of which were full of passengers, began to pull out Ex2: The buses, most of which were full of passengers, began to pull out - What = the thing/ the things that có thÃḠlàm tân ngïḠcho mÇṮh - What = the thing/ the things that làm tân ngữ cho mệnh đề phụ lúc làm chủ ngữ cho mệnh đề chính/ làm chủ ngữ mệnh đề chính, phụ Ex1: What we have expected is the result of the test Ex1: What we have expected is the result of the test Ex2: What happened to him yesterday might happen to us tomorrow Ex: Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers I tried on three pairs of shoes, none of which fitted me He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer Two boys, neither of whom I had seen before, came into my class They have got two cars, one of which they seldom use There were a lot of people at the meeting, few of whom I had met before Các truong hợp sau thường phải dùng ‘that’ a Khi cụm từ đứng trước vừa danh từ người vật He told me about the places and people that he had seen in London b Sau tính từ so sánh nhất, the only, the first, the last This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen Moscow is the finest city that she’s ever visited That is the last letter that he wrote She was the first person that broke the silence c Sau từ all, only (duy nhất) very (chính là) All that he can say is this I bought the only book that they had You’re the very man that I would like to see d Sau đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ số lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none He never says anything that is worth listening to I’ll tell you something that is very interesting NOTES: Phân BiỆt GiỮa Whose Và Of Which, WHOSE : dùng cho người vật Ex1: This is the book Its cover is nice Ex1: This is the book Its cover is nice -> This is the book whose cover is nice -> This is the book whose cover is nice -> This is the book the cover of which is nice Ex2: WHOSE : -> This is the book the cover of which is nice Ex2: WHOSE :đứng trứoc danh từ OF WHICH : đứng sau danh từ ( danh từ phải thêm THE ) OF WHICH : dùng cho vật ,không dùng cho người This is the man His son is my friend This is the man His son is my friend -> This is the man the son of which is my friend.( sai ) -> This is the man whose son is my friend.( -> This is the man the son of which is my friend.( sai ) -> This is the man whose son is my friend.( đúng) WHOEVER = the person/people who Eg: Whoever gets over marks will receive a gift = The person who gets over marks will receive a gift Eg: Whoever gets over marks will receive a gift = The person who gets over marks will receive a gift Eg: Whoever gets over marks will receive a gift = The person who gets over marks will receive a gift Eg: Whoever gets over marks will receive a gift = The person who gets over marks will receive a gift WHATEVER, WHICHEVER (Whatever thay what) Whatever = the thing g/things which/that Eg: Whatever you say will be brought to court = The things that you say will be brought to court Whichever = the person/people/thing/things that Eg: Whichever of the three girls come home first cooks dinner = The girl that comes home first cooks dinner You have pay $4 to whichever of the pens you buy = You have pay $4 to the pen you buy EXERCISES ON RELATIVE CLAUSES I Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb My father goes swimming everyday You met him this morning The man is my father I respect his opinion most I thanked the woman This woman had helped me I saw a lot of people and horses They went to market Tom has three sisters All of them are married I recently went back to Paris I was born in Paris nearly 50 years ago Do you know the music? It is being played on the radio You didn’t tell us the reason We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason The day was rainy She left on that day 10 I’ve sent him two letters He has received neither of them 11 That man is an artist I don’t remember the man’s name 12 One of the elephants had only one tusk We saw these elephants at the zoo 13 You sent me a present Thank you very much for it 14 Is this the style of hair? Your wife wants to have it 15 7.05 is the time My plane arrives then 16 Max isn’t home yet That worries me 17 Do you know the building? The windows of the building are painted green 18 I don’t know the girl’s nam me She’s just gone into the hall 19 Be sure to follow the instructions They are given at the top of the page 20 Hoan Kiem lake is a historical place Its water is always blue 21 A man phoned and asked for yọu He spoke with a foreign accent -> The man 22 The Night Manager was written by John le Carre It's about a man who works in a hotẹl> John le Carre 23 Our party believes in that idea I say this from the bottom of my heart.-> That is an idea 24 Atlanta is a city The Olympic Games were held in Atlanta.-> Atlanta 25 Both her sons work abroad They ring her up every week.-> Her sons, II Fill in the blanks with Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs where necessary Let me see all the letters _ you have written Is there anyone can help me this? Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company I know a place roses grow in abundance We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk The teacher with we studied last year no longer teaches in our school They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front III Use a Relative pronoun preceded by a preposition to combine each pair of sentences below: This is a rare opportunity You should take advantage of it to get a better job The boy is my cousin You made fun of him This matter is of great importance You should pay attention to it The woman lives next door to me You gave place to her on the bus The examination lasted two days I was successful in this examination IV Reduce the following relative pronouns by using : VING, V3/VED, or TO-V The man who teaches my son is my friend The computers which are used here are very old John was the last person who left the room Do you know the woman who made a very interesting speech last night? They’ve just delivered the goods that were ordered last week Mary was the second person who was rescued from the burning house The couples who live in the house next door are both college professors Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way She is the only person who receives this scholarship 10 They refused to carry out the plan which was worked out by the city council 11 The people who were waiting for their children in the examination room looked nervous 12 My brother was the only man who realized the danger V Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given: This man studies biology What you call him? A What you call a man who studies biology? B What you call a man, who studies biology? C What you call a man studies biology? D What you call a man whom studies biology? Hemingway developed a very concise writing style His name is well-known throughout the world A Hemingway, his name is well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style B Hemingway, whose is name well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style C Hemingway, whose name is well-known throughout the world, developed a very concise writing style D Hemingway, who developed a very concise writing style, his name is well-known throughout the world This is the battle field The soldiers fought there A This is the battle field which the soldiers fought B This is the battle field that the soldiers fought C This is the battle field where the soldiers fought there D This is the battle field where the soldiers fought He was born in 1993 There was a severe drought that year A He was born in 1993 when there was a severe drought.B He was born in 1983 when was there a severe drought C When there was a severe drought in 1983 he was born.D He was born in 1983, there was a severe drought when John Montagu was an English Earl He invented the sandwich A John Montagu, whose invented the sandwich, was an English Earl B John Montagu, who invented the sandwich, was an English Earl C John Montagu, that invented the sandwich, was an English Earl D John Montagu, invented the sandwich, was an English Earl Flies, which come mostly in the summer, carry diseases A Flies, to come mostly in the summer, carry diseases B Flies, come mostly in the summer, carry diseases C Flies, coming mostly in the summer, carry diseases D Flies, that come mostly in the summer, carry diseases There was a candle which burnt in the room A There was a candle burning in the room B There was a candle to burnt in the room C There was a candle to burn in the room D There was a candle to be burnt in the room I see a boy who is running in the street A I see a boy running in the street B I see a boy to running in the street C I see a boy to run in the street D None is correct One of the drivers who was brought by Steward came over to me A One of the drivers that were brought by Steward came over to me B One of the drivers was brought by Steward came over to me C One of the drivers brought by Steward came over to me D One of the drivers bring by Steward came over to me VI Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence My friend, Jack, (that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us Peter comes from Witney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford 5 This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed Is this the person ( whom, which, whose) you asked me about Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you? That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive 10 We didn’t enjoy the play ( that, who, whose) we went to see 11 She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want 12 Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll give it to you 13.The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party 14 I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking 15 The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday BÀI TẬP VỀ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSES) Name: Phạm Viết Thắng EXERCISE I : Write who, that, which, or nothing to complete these sentences : Have you got the money _ I lent you yesterday ? 2.Peter, _ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party This is the machine _ cost half a million pounds Mary, _ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry Have you read the book _ I gave you ? The hous, _ they bought three months ago, looks lovely Mrs.Jackson, _ had been very ill, died yesterday Is this the person _ stole your handbag ? The dog, _ had been very quiet, suddenly started barking 10 I didn’t receive the letters _ she sent me 11 My mother, _ hadn’t been expecting visitors, looked surprised 12 The old man, had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in the building 13 The horse, _ had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened 14 We didn’t like the secetary _ the agency sent 15 I didn’t find the money _ you said you’d left EXERCISE II : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns : This is the man I met him in Paris _ I wanted the painting You bought it _ This is the chair My parents gave it to me _ She’s the woman She telephoned the police _ He’s the person He wanted to buy your house _ We threw out the computer It never worked properly This is the lion It’s been ill recently _ The man was badly injured He was driving the car _ The children broke the window They live in the next street _ 10 That’s the woman I was telling you about her EXERCISE III : Combine these pairs of sentences using relative pronouns: There’s the lady Her dog was killed …………………………………………………………………… That’s the man He’s going to buy the company …………………………………………………….… He’s the person His car was stolen …………………………………………………………………… She’s the new doctor.The doctor’s coming to the hospital next week ……………………………… She’s the journalist Her article was on the front page of The Times ………………………………… They’re the people Their shop burned down last week ……………………………………………… That’s the boy He’s just got a place at university ……………………………………………………… EXERCISE IV : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns : 1.The man didn’t come back again I shouted at him ……………………………………………………… The television never worked again I dropped it ……………………………………………………… The machine was broken I hired it ……………………………………………………………… The clothes were beautiful She bought some clothes ………………………………………………… The wall fell down after three weeks They built the wall ……………………………………………… The policeman wasn’t very helpful I asked him ………………………………………………………… I didn’t really like the car We bought it ………………………………………………………… I lost the money I borrowed it from John ………………………………………………………………… She is the most intelligent woman I’ve ever met this woman …………………………………………… 10 This doctor is famous You visited him yesterday ……………………………………………………… 11.These children are orphans She is taking care of these children ……………………………………… 12.My father goes swimming everyday You met him this morning …………………………………… 13.The man is my father I respect this man most …………………………………………………………… 14.The man is my father I respect his opinion most ………………………………………………………… 15.Mary and Margaret are twins You met them yesterday ……………………………………………… 16 I’ll introduce you to the man His support is necessary for your project ……………………………… 17 The middle-aged man is the director My father is talking to him …………………………………… 18 The boy is my cousin You make fun of him …………………………………………………………… 19 The student is from china He sits next to me …………………………………………………………… 20 I thanked the woman This woman had helped me ………………………………………………… EXERCISE V : Write relative pronouns to complete these sentences We visited the school _ my father taught I met her last month, _ she came to our house We all looked at the place _ the fire had started Did they tell you the reason _ they were late? The cat sat on the wall _ it had a good view of the birds They arrived in the evening, at a time _ we were all out I couldn’t understand the reason _ they were so rude I met him in the cafe _ he was working as a waiter I listen to music late at night, _ the children have gone to bed 10 I bought them in August, _ I was in France 11 Let me see all the letters _ you have written 12 Is there any one can help me this? 13 Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company 14 I know a place roses grow in abundance 15 It was the nurse told me to come in 16 The teacher with , we studied last year no longer teaches in our school 17 They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings 18 We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front 19 Dr Fleming, _ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945 20 He joined the political party _ was in power 21 Love, is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life 22 Freedom is something for _ millions have given their lives 23 It is easy to find faults in people we dislike 24 The really happy people are those _ enjoy their daily work 25 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk EXERCISE VI: CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER: 1) The book I bought at the bookstore yesterday is expensive A who B whose C that D B & C are correct 2) What’s the name of the blonde girl just came in? A whoB whose C whom D A & B are correct 3) I don’t like people lose their tempers easily A who B whose C that D A & C are correct 4) Mexico City, has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world A which B whose C that D A & B are corre 5) This is Henry, sister works for my father A who B whose C that D.All are correct 6) He’s the man people like at first sight A who B whom C that D A & C are correct 7) Could you iron the trousers are hanging up behind the door? A who B which C that D B & C are correct 8) Where is the girl sells tickets? A who B whose C whom D A & C are correct 9) The man we consider our leader had much experience in climbing mountains A who B whose C whom D A & C are correct 10) The artist name I couldn’t remember was one of the best I had ever seen A who B whose C that D A & C are correct 11) Frank invited Janet, he had met in Japan, to the party A who B whose C that D A & C are correct 12 The girl design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award A whose B whom C that D which 13) I need to find a painting will match the rest of my room A whose B whom C who D which 14) There are too many poor people not have enough to eat in the world A whose B whom C who D which 15) The trees have the beautiful flowers grow near the gate of the garden A whoseB whom C who D which 16) The teacher teaches us French is coming today A whomB who C that D B & C are correct 17) What’s the music to you are listening? A whose B which C that D B & C are correct 18) I don’t like the stories have unhappy endings A who B which C that D B & C are correct 19) The students don’t have library cards can’t borrow books from the library A who B which C whom D A & C are correct 20) Betty is the most intelligent girl I have ever met A who B whom C that D All are correct 21) Do you know the music is being played on the radio? A who B which C that D B & C are correct 22) This channel often shows the cartoons of the children are very fond A whomB which C that D B & C are correct 23) The dress she bought last week doesn’t fit her well A whomB which C whose D B & C are correct 24) Do you know a shop sells good coffee? A which B that C whose D A & B are correct 25) The teacher punished the student was naughty A whomB who C which D A & B are correct 26) She fell in love with a man was from another country A who B whom C which D whose 27) I like to write to friends are living far away from me A who B whom C that D A & C are correct 28) I bought some pencils are in different colours A whoseB which C that D B & C are correct 29) She ate an apple was still green A who B which C whose D whom 30) This is my beloved school I studied when I was young A which B that C where D A & B are correct 31) Here’s the paper you need A whomB that C who D whose 32) The woman has been arrested lives in an apartment A that B which C whom D A & C are correct 33) The teacher notices the students often come to class late A that B which C who D A & C are correct 34) The house in I was born is for sale A which B whom C that D A & C are correct 35) That is the chair he used to sit on for meals A which B whose C that D A & C are correct 36) What is the picture you are looking at? A whichB when C whose D A & C are correct 37) In the middle of the village, there is a well from the villagers take water to drink A that B which C whom D A & B are correct 38) There is a NO PARKING sign I did not take notice of A that B which C who D A & B are correct 39) I must thank the people I got the present from A who B whom C that D All are correct 4o) Do you know the doctor for I send? A whomB that C who D All are correct 41) The man about I was telling you is standing over there A who B that C whom D All are correct 42) The woman Ann must take care of is very poor and old A whomB that C who D All are correct 43) This is the man to I gave some money this morning A who B whom C that D All are correct 44) This is the result of our work I’m pleased with A that B whose C which D A & C are correct 45) The problem in we are very interested has been discussed in class A that B whom C which D A & C are correct 46) The boy you made fun of yesterday is my cousin A who B whom C that D All are correct 47)Ann, lives next door, is very friendly A who B whom C that D All are correct 48) We went to Sandra’s party, we enjoyed very much A which B whom C that D who 49) John, I have known for a very long time, is one of my closest friends A whoseB whom C that D B & C are correct 50) Sheila, job involves a lot of travelling, is away from home a lot A whoseB whom C that D which 51) This new stadium, can hold 90,000 people, will be opened next month A that B whose C which D A & B are correct 52) My brother, lives in Houston, is a doctor A who B whom C.that D A & B are correct 53) My office, is on the second floor, is small A whose B which C who .D A & B are correct 54) She told me her address I wrote down on a piece of paper A which B that C whose D A & B are correct 55) The sun, is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us with heat and light A which B that C who D A & B are correct 56) Tom made a number of suggestions, most of were very helpful A them B which C that D B & C are correct 57) Mary has three brothers, all of are married 60) The meeting ………I went was interesting A to which B which C that D B & C are correct 58) We were given a lot of information, most of was useless A which B it C that D All are correct 59) There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of I had met before A them B whom C who D B & C are correct 60) I sent her two letters, neither of she has received A that B these C which D whom 61) A café is a small restaurant people can get a light meal A where B which C that D All are correct 62) My room has a very large window you can see the whole lake A which B that C where D All are correct 63)Alaska, my brother lives, is the largest state in the United States A which B where C who D All are correct 64) This is the house we often stay the summer A where B which C that D All are correct 65) Do you remember the clock tower I first met you? A where B which C that D All are correct 66) Tell me the reason you were absent yesterday A where B when C why D that 67) Do you know the reason Laura doesn’t like me? A which B where C that D why 68) There was a time dinosaurs dominated the earth A which B when C that D A & B are correct 69) The house in I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago A which B where C that D All are correct 70) Summer is the time of the year the weather is the hottest A when B which C that D B & C are correct 71) The reason Jim has just lost his job is that he didn’t work hard enough A why B which C that D B & C are correct 72) They hid the money in a place it was safe from robbers A which B where C that D All are correct 73 ) Please tell me the reason for I should let you go A that B which C why D B & C are correct 74) I know a wood you can find wild strawberries A whereB which C that D All are correct 75) Can you suggest a time at it will be convenient to meet? A whichB when C why D that 76) Is there any reason for you should have a holiday? A why B which C that D A & B are correct 77) Tell me the countries the traffic moves on the left-hand side A where B which C that D A & B are correct 78) We keep our bread in the bridge it doesn’t go bad A since B so that C although D after 79) these cars are cheap, they last a long time A Because B In order that C Although D After 80) You should give the iron time to heat up you iron your clothes A because B so that C even though D before EXERCISE VII: Fill in the gap with: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, or WHOSE: We talk about the party Sarah wants to organize for my birthday Don is a friend with I stayed in Australia Mrs Richmond, is 42 years old, does morning exercise every morning We cannot find the person car is blocking our driveway The film about they are talking is thrilling My uncle, you met yesterday, is a famous lawyer in the town The police are questioning the woman purse was stolen outside the supermarket 8 The girl showed me the way to your house has a beautiful oval face The book I received on my birthday is informative 10 The company products have high quality is facing with financial problem EXERCISE VIII: CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER: That’s my friend, _ comes from Japan A which B who C whom D where The plants which in the living room need a lot of water A are B be C is D was She’s the woman _ sister looks after the baby for us A who B which C that’s D whose That’s the doctor for Cliff works A that B which C whom D whose Marie, I met at the party, called me last night A that B whom C which D whose I remember Alice, rode the bus to school with A I B whom I C which I D who I used to enjoy the summer, we had a big family picnic A where B when C which D that Tell me about the city you grew up A that B where C which D ø Anna found the book that wanted at the bookshop A ø B where C she D which 10 Please remember to take back to the library all the books are due this week A ø B that C when D they 11 He likes the dress Huong is wearing it A He likes the dress which Huong is wearing it B He likes the dress Huong is wearing it C He likes the dress who Huong is wearing D He likes the dress Huong is wearing 12 Most of the classmates couldn't come He invited them to the birthday party A Most of the classmates he invited to the birthday party couldn't come B Most of the classmates he was invited to the birthday party couldn't come C Most of the classmates that he invited them to the birthday party couldn't come D Most of the classmates which he invited to the birthday party couldn't come 13 What was the name of the man? You met and talked to him this morning A What was the name of the man who you met and talked to him this morning? B What was the name of the man you met and talked to this morning? C What was the name of the man you met and talked to whom this morning? D What was the name of the man whose you met and talked to this morning? 14 The church is over 500 years old Our class visited it last summer A The church which our class visited it last summer is over 500 years old B The church that our class visited it last summer is over 500 years old C The church which our class visited last summer is over 500 years old D The church our class visit last summer is over 500 years old 15 The song says about the love of two young stdents She is singing the song A The song which she is singing it says about the love of two young stdents B The song she is singing says about the love of two young stdents C The song says about the love of two young stdents which she is singing D The song says about the love of two young stdents that she is singing it KEY: B A D C B B B B C 10 B 11 D 12 A 13 B 14 C 15 B EXERCISE IX: Choose the best answer I have two sisters are doctors A both of which B who both C both of whom D whom both Do you remember the day ? I first met you on that day A Do you remember the day where I first met you ? B Do you remember the day when I first meet you ? C Do you remember the day on which I first met you ? D B and C are correct Mexico City , is the fastest growing city in the world , has a population of over 10 million A what B which C that D where We visited the church _ in the 18th century A was built B which built C building D which was built Ms Young, to many of her students are writing, is living happily and peacefully in Canada A who B whom C that D whose She is the woman sister looks after the baby for us A who B whom C that D whose Mr Smith, is a retired teacher, does volunteer work at the hospital A that B whom C who D is I want to know the reason he told you last night A Why B which C where D when 10 I like the teacher I learnt English with her in high school A.I like the teacher with whom I learnt English in high school B I like the teacher whom I learnt English with in high school C.I like the teacher that I learnt English with in high school D.all are correct 11.The banker to I gave my check was quite friendly A who B that C whom D which 12.All of us are waiting for the man _ son was lost A who B which C whom D whose 13.The girl is our neighbor A talks to the lady over there C was talking to the lady over there B is talking to the lady over there D talking to the lady over there 14 My computer, _ mouse doesn't work, cannot be used now A while B because C whose D which 15 What’s the name of the man _car you borrowed? A who B which C that D whose 16 The young woman who lives next door is very kind to my family A.The young woman to live next door is very kind to my family B.The young woman he lives next door is very kind to my family C.The young woman living next door is very kind to my family D.The young woman lived next door is very kind to my family 17 She didn’t tell me the reason _ she came late A when B for which C why D.both B and C 18 This is the best play I have ever seen A which B what C whom D that 19 I know a nearby restaurant _ has seafood A that B who C where D whose 20 Taj Mahal, _ by Shah Janhan for his wife, is thought to be one of the great architectural wonders of the world A being built B was built C.which was built D.been built 21 Mr.Jones, I was working, was generous about overtime payments A he B for whom C for him D whom 22 Is this the address to you want the package sent ? A where B which C that D whom 23 London is the city I have visited several times A in which B where C in that D which 24 One of the girls in that company caused an accident A worked B who worked C whom worked D whose worked 25 The computer, _ hard disk has just been upgraded, is among the latest generations A that B whose C of which D.which of 26 The girl me this gift is my best friend A presented B was presenting C presenting D be presenting 27 He lent me many picture-books, most of I had read A whom B who C whose D which 28 Don't drink too much beer, will make us fat A which B when C who D whom 29 The friend to he was talking on the phone is English A who B whose C whom D which 30 Why you always believe in everything he says? A who B which C when D.that 31 There are a lot of people at my friend's wedding party, only a few of I had met before A who B whose C whom D which 32 Aberdeen, my brother lives, is a town in Scotland A where B which C who D when 33 My parents live in the same house they bought 50 years ago A that B which C where D A and C 34 August is the month I always give my birthday parties A which B in which C what D why 35 The people to _she was speaking didn't know German A who B whose C that D whom 36 Sunday is the day _ most of the Christians usually go to church A in which B when C that D at which 37 Joyce Bews, was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of England, she still lives, was 100 last year A that / in which B who / where C that / where D whom / where 38 According to the research, the time at most road accidents happen is early evening A when B which C whose D that 39 The girls and the flowers _he painted were vivid A who B which C whose D that 40 We go to school regularly, A that makes our teacher happy B which makes our teacher happily C.it makes our teacher happy D which makes our teacher happy 41 The letter _ grandma was kept carefully in a box A you wrote B which you wrote to C to whom wrote D which wrote 42 Sue lives in the house The house is opposite my house A.Sue lives in the house which is opposite my house B.Sue lives in the house who is opposite my house C.Sue lives in the house where is opposite my house D.Sue lives in the house and which is opposite my house 43 Computers cannot operate without the programmes, are often called software A which B that C in which D with which KEY: 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.C 9._ 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.D 18.D 19.A 20.C 21.B 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.D 31.C 32.A 33.D 34.B 35.D 36.B 37.B 38.B 39.D 40.D 41.B 42.A 43.A THE END Good luck to you ♥ ... CÁC LOẠI MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: có ba loại mệnh đề quan hệ 1 .Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive relative clause) -Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước, phận quan trọng... giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ dùng that thay cho whom which mệnh đề quan hệ xác định -Khi giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ ta có khơng thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ có khơng thể... two-day holiday) VI.GiớI Từ ĐI VớI MệNH Đề QUAN Hệ: -Chỉ có hai đại từ quan hệ Whom which thường có giới từ kèm giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ cuối mệnh đề quan hệ Eg1 The man about whom you are