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Part III Object Fundamentals IN THIS PART Chapter 9 Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines Chapter 10 Manipulating Objects Chapter 11 Transforming Objects Chapter 12 Applying Effects to Objects Chapter 13 Orchestrating Objects 16_607169-pp03.indd 23716_607169-pp03.indd 237 4/22/10 7:51 PM4/22/10 7:51 PM 16_607169-pp03.indd 23816_607169-pp03.indd 238 4/22/10 7:51 PM4/22/10 7:51 PM 239 CHAPTER Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines IN THIS CHAPTER Knowing how and when to create frames for text and graphics Creating text frames Creating graphics frames Converting frames for specific content Drawing straight lines W hen you create a new InDesign document, you make several important decisions, including the page size, number of col- umns, and gutter width, that determine the basic structure of your publication. After you click OK in the New Document dialog box (choose File ➪ New ➪ Document or press Ô+N or Ctrl+N), you’re greeted with a blank first page. Much like an artist confronting an empty canvas, it’s now time for you to add the text, graphics, and graphic elements (shapes and lines) that make up the final piece. InDesign uses objects as the building blocks you manipulate to create fin- ished pages. An object is a container that can (but doesn’t have to) hold text or graphics, as well as attributes such as color, strokes, and gradients. When an object contains an imported graphic or text, or if an object is created as a placeholder for a graphic or text, it’s referred to as a frame. An object that doesn’t contain a graphic or text is referred to as a shape. Objects can be paths (including straight lines and curved paths), rectangles, ellipses, and polygons. A frame looks and behaves much the same as a shape but has some addi- tional properties: l If you change the size or shape of a frame that contains text, you affect the flow of text in the frame and in any subsequent frames of a multiframe story. l If you change the size or shape of a frame that contains an imported graphic, you also change the portion of the graphic that’s visible. Designing pages in InDesign is largely a matter of creating and modifying frames and modifying the text and graphics the frames contain. 17_607169-ch09.indd 23917_607169-ch09.indd 239 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Part III: Object Fundamentals 240 If, for example, you’re creating a simple, one-page publication such as a business card, an adver- tisement, or a poster, you will likely add several text frames to the page; each text frame holds a different piece of textual information. In the case of a business card, text frames would contain the company name, the name and title of the cardholder, the company address and phone numbers, and so on. If you want to include photos or computer-generated illustrations in your piece — maybe you want to add an EPS version of a corporate logo to your business card or a scanned image to an ad — you must also add graphics frames. A graphics frame serves as the cropping shape for the graphic within. This chapter shows you how to create and modify basic text frames, graphics frames, shapes, and straight lines. After you create a text frame, you can type text directly into it or you can place a text file from a word-processing program. (For information about importing, formatting, and flowing text through a document, see Part V.) After you create a graphics frame, you can import a graphic into it and then crop, scale, or apply other effects to the graphic. (For more information about importing and modifying graphics, see Part IV.) You can also create more complex paths than just lines, as Chapter 16 details. InDesign offers tools to create both frames and shapes, which work the same way as each other. Visually, a graphics frame has an X placed through it, as a reminder that you can place contents into it (an ancient layout convention), whereas a shape — what InDesign calls an unassigned frame — does not, presumably because you are using it not as a container but as a printing object. (A text frame looks just like a shape.) But the difference between frames and shapes is artificial, because a shape can easily become a frame simply by placing text or graphics into it. So for all practical pur- poses, shapes and frames are the same thing. In this book, I use the word frame to mean either frames or shapes. Creating frames and lines is also typically just an early step in the layout process. You want to modify and use those objects for various layout objectives. The Control panel provides the basic controls for objects all in one place, and Chapter 10 covers this versatile panel in more depth. Chapter 11 covers ways to modify objects, and Chapter 12 covers special effects you can apply to objects. InDesign also lets you save object styles so that you can apply the same settings to multiple frames or lines and keep them in synch; Chapter 13 covers this feature in more detail. Tip When you create a frame or line, you can align the frame edge with a guideline by clicking within the number of pixels specified in the Snap to Zone in the Guides & Pasteboard pane of the Preferences dialog box, as Chapter 3 explains. You can also have frames and lines align to other objects with the smart guides feature explained in Chapter 10. n Creating a Text Frame All the text blocks, called stories, in an InDesign document are contained in text frames. Unlike a word-processing program, which lets you just start typing text on a blank page, InDesign requires you to create a text frame before you can add text to a page using the keyboard. (If you want to 17_607169-ch09.indd 24017_607169-ch09.indd 240 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Chapter 9: Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines 241 import the text from a word-processing file onto a page, you don’t have to create a text frame before you import.) After you create a new text frame, you can type and format text, move or resize the frame, and add graphic effects to the frame edge and the frame background. The text inside that frame is called a story, and it can flow across multiple text frames. The Tools panel contains several tools for creating both shapes and graphics frames, and because any shape or graphics frame can be converted into a text frame, you can use any of these tools to create a container that you intend to fill with text. However, in most cases, your text is contained within simple, rectangular text frames, and the quickest and easiest way to create such a frame is with the Type tool; it’s the tool with a big T on it. Tip If you want to place a particular piece of text on every page in a multipage publication (for example, the title of a book), you should place the text frame on a master page, as explained in Chapter 7. n Here’s how to create a text frame: 1. Select the Type tool by clicking it or by pressing T. 2. Move the I-beam mouse pointer (also called the text cursor) anywhere within the currently open page or on the pasteboard. 3. Click and hold the mouse button, and while holding down the mouse button, drag in any direction. As you drag, a cross-hair pointer appears in the corner opposite your start- ing point; a colored rectangle indicates the boundary of the frame, as shown in Figure 9.1. FIGURE 9.1 Creating a text frame with the Type tool is a simple matter of clicking and dragging until the rectangle that appears as you drag is approximately the size and shape of the intended text block. 17_607169-ch09.indd 24117_607169-ch09.indd 241 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Part III: Object Fundamentals 242 (The color is blue for objects on the default layer; objects on other layers have that layer’s color. See Chapter 6 for more on layers.) You can look at the width and height values shown in the Control panel or the Transform panel as you drag to help you get the size you want; or, if it’s turned on in the Preferences dialog box’s Interface pane, the transfor- mation-values indicator near the mouse pointer shows you the current size and dimen- sions as you move the mouse (see Chapter 11). Holding down Shift as you drag creates a square. 4. When the frame is the size and shape you want, release the mouse button. The flash- ing cursor appears in the finished frame, indicating that you can use the keyboard to type new text. Don’t worry too much about being precise when you create a text frame: You can always go back later and fine-tune its size and position. InDesign CS5 lets you create multiple text frames at the same time, using a new capability that Adobe calls gridified frame creation. Uses of this feature include creating coupon blocks, calendars, and charts. While dragging the mouse to create a frame, press → to add an additional frame horizontally (a new “column”) or ↑ to add an additional frame vertically (a new “row”). Each time you press → or ↑, you add another column or row of frames. Press ← to delete a column and ↓ to delete a row. When you release the mouse, InDesign creates a grid of frames, all with the same shape and size, as Figure 9.2 shows. FIGURE 9.2 A grid of text frames created using the new gridify frame creation feature 17_607169-ch09.indd 24217_607169-ch09.indd 242 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Chapter 9: Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines 243 All the text frames in such a grid are also automatically threaded for text flow. The text flow goes from the first text frame (the one where you first began dragging with your mouse) to the next one in the same row, then to the first text frame in the next row, and so on. For example, if you dragged the mouse from upper left to lower right, the text will flow from the leftmost frame in the top row to each frame in that row, going from left to right, then to the leftmost row in the second row (the one below the top row), then from left to right in the second row’s text frames, and so on for each additional row. But if you dragged the mouse from lower right to upper left when creating the frames, the bottom right text frame is the first text frame, and the text will flow from right to left in that row, then resume at the rightmost frame in the row above the bottom row, and so on. New Feature Gridified frame creation is new to InDesign CS5, an addition inspired by the gridified placement capabilities introduced in InDesign CS4 (see Chapters 14 and 17). n At this point, you can begin typing, or you can click and drag elsewhere on the page or pasteboard to create another text frame. You can create as many new text frames as you want. Just make sure not to click in an existing text frame when your intention is to create a new one. If you click within an existing frame when the Type tool is selected, the flashing cursor appears and InDesign thinks you want to type text. You can type or import text into any empty frame, not just those created with the Type tool. To create nonrectangular frames, you cannot use the Type tool but must use the Pen, Pencil, or one of the frame or shape tools. To enter text into a nontextual frame, or to place text into it, simply select it with the Type tool. Note the frame must be empty (so if it contains a graphic, you must remove it first, as Chapter 10 explains). Cross-Reference See Part V for details on importing text and working with text. Chapter 13 shows you how to anchor frames to text so that frames follow the text as it reflows, a useful feature for figures, tables, and sidebars. n New Feature InDesign CS5 can create text captions for images automatically based on information associated to the image (called metadata). Chapter 13 explains how to create these metadata captions. n Creating a Graphics Frame Although you can use InDesign’s illustration features to create the kind of vector graphics that can be created with dedicated illustration programs such as Adobe Illustrator, ACD Canvas, and CorelDraw, you may find yourself needing to import an illustration that you or somebody else 17_607169-ch09.indd 24317_607169-ch09.indd 243 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Part III: Object Fundamentals 244 created using another program. You may also want to add other kinds of digital images to a publi- cation, such as a scanned photograph, a piece of clip art stored on a DVD or CD-ROM, or a stock photograph that you’ve downloaded from the Internet. In InDesign, all imported graphics are contained within graphics frames or shapes. The Tools panel contains three tools for drawing graphics frames: l Ellipse Frame: This tool lets you create oval and round frames. l Rectangle Frame: This tool lets you create rectangular and square frames. l Polygon Frame: This tool lets you create equilateral polygons and starburst-shaped frames. There are three equivalent shape tools: Ellipse, Rectangle, and Polygon. Tip You can also import graphics into so-called open shapes, such as curved lines, covered in Chapter 16. n The first time you use InDesign, the Rectangle Frame and Rectangle tools appear in the Tools panel. (The frame tools have an X through their icons.) To access the other frame tools, Control+click or right-click the Rectangle Frame tool — or simply click and hold on the Rectangle Frame tool — to display a pop-out menu with the Ellipse Frame and Polygon Frame tools. (You can also click and hold on the tool to get the pop-out menu.) Drag and release to select a different frame tool. When you do, it replaces the Rectangle Frame tool in the Tools panel until the next time you change the tool. (You have the same options for the shape tools and for any tool that has a small triangle in its lower-right corner.) New Feature InDesign CS5’s new gridify creation capability works for graphics frames just as it does for text frames, except there is no threading across the graphics frames. Uses for gridified graphics frames include creating photo galleries and arrays. (See the “Creating a Text Frame” section earlier in this chapter.) n Here’s how to add a new graphics frame: 1. Select the Ellipse Frame tool, the Rectangle Frame tool (or press F), or the Polygon Frame tool. 2. Move the cross-hair mouse pointer anywhere within the currently open page or on the pasteboard. 3. Click and hold the mouse button, and while holding down the mouse button, drag in any direction. As you drag, the cross-hair pointer appears in the corner opposite your starting point, and a blue shape indicates the boundary of the frame. As you drag, you can look at the transformation-values indicator near the mouse, or look at the width and 17_607169-ch09.indd 24417_607169-ch09.indd 244 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Chapter 9: Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines 245 height values shown in the Control panel or Transform panel, to help you get the size you want. Holding down Shift as you drag creates a circle if the Ellipse Frame tool is selected, a square if the Rectangle Frame tool is selected, and an equilateral polygon or starburst if the Polygon Frame tool is selected. 4. When the frame is the size and shape you want, release the mouse button. Don’t worry too much about being precise when you create a graphics frame. You can always go back later and fine-tune it. Figure 9.3 shows an elliptical (oval) graphics frame. When any of the frame-creation tools are selected, you can create as many new frames as you want. Simply keep clicking, dragging, and releasing. Caution Don’t try to click a frame handle when a frame-creation tool is selected. Instead of moving the handle you are clicking, you end up creating a new frame. You have to switch to one of the selection tools to move or resize a graphics frame. n Cross-Reference See Part IV for details on importing graphics and modifying imported graphics. n FIGURE 9.3 Creating a graphics frame with any of the frame-creation tools is the same as creating a text frame with the Type tool. Choose the appropriate frame tool and then click, drag, and release. In this example, an ellipti- cal graphics frame has just been created; its bounding box appears with resizing handles. 17_607169-ch09.indd 24517_607169-ch09.indd 245 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Part III: Object Fundamentals 246 Converting Frames for Specific Content It makes no difference whether you use a frame tool or a shape tool — or even the Type tool — to create a frame that you want to hold a graphic. Similarly, you don’t have to use the Type tool to create a frame that will hold text. Just select an empty frame and import text or a graphic into it. InDesign automatically converts the frame into the appropriate type. Note that if you import a graphic into a text frame that already has text in it, the graphic is added as an inline graphic within the text, as Chapter 13 explains. (You cannot add text to a graphics frame that already has a graphic in it.) You can also choose Object ➪ Content ➪ Graphic to convert a shape or text frame to a graphic frame, or choose Object ➪ Content ➪ Unassigned to convert a text frame or graphics frame to a shape. There’s really little reason to do so, given that InDesign converts the frame automatically when you place content into it; but you might use these commands to convert empty frames into the desired type so that their purpose is clear later. Drawing Straight Lines Although they’re not as flashy or versatile as graphics shapes and frames, lines can serve many use- ful purposes in well-designed pages. For example, plain ol’ vertical rules can be used to separate columns of text in a multicolumn page or the rows and columns of data in a table. Dashed lines are useful for indicating folds and cut lines on brochures and coupons, and lines with arrowheads are handy if you have to create a map or a technical illustration. InDesign lets you create straight lines with the Line tool and zigzag lines, curved lines, and free- form shapes with the Pen and Pencil tools. In this chapter, I keep things simple and limit the cov- erage to the Line tool. Cross-Reference For information about using the Pen and Pencil tools, see Chapter 16. n To draw a straight line: 1. Select the Line tool (or press \). 2. Move the cross-hair mouse pointer (it appears as a small cross) anywhere within the currently open page or on the pasteboard. 3. Click and hold the mouse button, and while holding down the mouse button, drag in any direction. As you drag, a thin, blue line appears from the point where you first clicked to the current position of the cross-hair pointer. Holding down Shift as you drag constrains the line to horizontal, vertical, or a 45-degree diagonal. 17_607169-ch09.indd 24617_607169-ch09.indd 246 4/22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM [...]... objects between documents Occasionally, you’ll want to use something you’ve created in one InDesign document in another document For example, maybe you need an ad that ran in last month’s newsletter again for this month’s edition; or perhaps you created a small illustration for an ad that you want to use in a companion brochure InDesign offers several options for moving objects between documents You... If you need to use the objects in more than one document, you can copy them into a library, which lets you place as many copies as you want in any document (Libraries are covered in Chapter 7.) l You can open the source document (the one that contains the objects) and the target document and drag-copy the objects from the source document to the target document (Choose Window ➪ Arrange ➪ Float All in... 10 .4 The Control panel (top) and Transform panel (bottom) Creating Copies of Objects After you create something — a simple, rectangular frame or a complicated graphic made up of several dozen objects — InDesign makes it easy to reuse the original InDesign provides many options for copying objects within documents as well as across them 258 Chapter 10: Manipulating Objects Copying objects within documents... actually hold text or graphics; InDesign converts them to the appropriate frame type based on what you put in them The Line tool lets you draw straight lines 248 CHAPTER Manipulating Objects T he primary purpose of the text frames and graphics frames that you add to the pages of your InDesign documents is to hold text and graphics, and much of the time you spend using InDesign involves modifying the... select them? InDesign gives you several options New Feature InDesign CS5 lessens the need to use special techniques to select overlapping objects For example, if you already have an object selected, you can now click anywhere in that object to move it In previous versions, you had to drag it from the centerpoint — any slip and you ended up selecting the topmost object overlapping it In InDesign CS5, that... Arrange ➪ Tile to display both document windows side by side; Chapter 2 covers working with multiple document windows in detail.) l A very easy way to share parts of your document is to select the desired objects and drag them out of your document window and onto the Mac or Windows desktop or into a folder You can also choose File ➪ Export or press Ô+E or Crl+E and then choose InDesign Snippet from the... and adjust the Weight in the Stroke panel that appears If you make this adjustment when no document is open, all new documents use the new settings n When the Line tool is selected, you can create as many new lines as you want Simply keep clicking, dragging, and releasing 247 Part III: Object Fundamentals FIGURE 9 .4 After you create a line with the Line tool, the active line appears either within a rectangular... (if another document is open and its window is visible) If you drag an object from one document to another, a copy of the object is placed in the target document and the original object remains unchanged in the source document Tip Press and hold Shift as you drag to restrict the angle of movement to the nearest 45 -degree angle based on the direction in which you’re moving your mouse n l Pressing any... object is simply selected, as if you had singleclicked it New Feature InDesign CS5 responds differently than previous versions when you double-click objects Not only does it now select the graphic in a graphic frame, it no longer switches between the Direct Selection and Selection tools when you double-click a nontextual frame (in InDesign CS5, the tool does not change when you double-click a nontextual... to create snippets from selected objects InDesign creates a file called a snippet file (with the file name extension idms) that contains all the objects, formatting, and position information You or another person can drag the file onto an InDesign document to place the objects, with all formatting intact Working with snippets is easy: Just drag objects from InDesign to the desktop or a folder to create . look at the width and 17_607169-ch09.indd 244 17_607169-ch09.indd 244 4/ 22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Chapter 9: Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines 245 height values shown in the Control panel or. horizontal, vertical, or a 45 -degree diagonal. 17_607169-ch09.indd 246 17_607169-ch09.indd 246 4/ 22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Chapter 9: Adding Frames, Shapes, and Lines 247 4. When the line is the. illustration that you or somebody else 17_607169-ch09.indd 243 17_607169-ch09.indd 243 4/ 22/10 7:52 PM4/22/10 7:52 PM Part III: Object Fundamentals 244 created using another program. You may also want