18. According to the information in the passage, which of the following is LEAST likely to be a function of accounting? a. helping business people make sound judg- ments b. producing reports of many different kinds of transactions c. assisting with the marketing of products d. assisting companies in important planning activities e. providing information to potential investors Answer questions 19 and 20 on the basis of the fol- lowing passage. The fictional world of Toni Morrison’s novel Sula—the African-American section of Medallion, Ohio, a community called “the Bottom”—is a place where people, and even natural things, are apt to go awry, to break from their prescribed boundaries, a place where bizarre and unnatural happenings and strange reversals of the ordinary are commonplace. The very naming of the setting of Sula is a turning- upside-down of the expected; the Bottom is located high up in the hills. The novel is furthermore filled with images of mutilation, both psychological and physical. A great part of the lives of the characters, therefore, is taken up with making sense of the world, setting boundaries and devising methods to control what is essentially uncontrollable. One of the major devices used by the people of the Bottom is the seem- ingly universal one of creating a ____________—in this case, the title character Sula—upon which to proj- ect both the evil they perceive outside themselves and the evil in their own hearts. 19. Based on the description of the setting of the novel Sula, which of the following adjectives would most likely describe the behavior of many of its residents? a. cowardly b. artistic c. unkempt d. arrogant e. eccentric 20. Which of the following words would BEST fit into the blank in the final sentence of the passage? a. victim b. hero c. leader d. scapegoat e. outcast Answer questions 21–23 on the basis of the follow- ing passage. Ever since human beings began their conscious sojourn on this planet, they have puzzled over the rid- dle of evil and debated its source. Two concepts have predominated in the debate. The first of these holds that evil is an active force, a force of darkness as sub- stantial and powerful as that of light. In terms of the individual human being, this force might be seen as the “Shadow” side of the personality, the feared side that the individual may deny but that is still a real and integral part of her or him. The second of the two con- cepts holds that evil is essentially ___________, the absence of good, that darkness is not a thing in itself but rather the absence of light. In terms of the indi- vidual human being, this doctrine says that evil arises from a lack, a deprivation, from what John A. Sanford calls “a mutilation of the soul.” –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 163 21. Which of the following phrases would best fit into the blank in the third sentence of the passage? a. perplexing b. passive c. capricious d. ephemeral e. artificial 22. The main point of the passage is that a. human beings have long pondered the enigma of evil. b. evil may be viewed as either a natural force or a human characteristic. c. there are two long-debated, contradictory views of evil. d. human beings are not likely ever to solve the problem of evil. e. evil must be understood in order for good to be appreciated. 23. Which of the following, according to the passage, does an individual sometimes use to deal with the “Shadow” side of his or her personality? a. scorn b. love c. acceptance d. denial e. projection Answer questions 24–26 on the basis of the follow- ing poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson. The Eagle He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands, Ringed with the azure world he stands. The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt he falls. 24. Given the tone of the poem, and noting espe- cially the last line, what is the eagle MOST likely doing in the poem? a. dying of old age b. hunting prey c. learning joyfully to fly d. keeping watch over a nest of young eagles e. battling another eagle 25. To which of the following do the words “azure world” most likely refer? a. a forest b. the sky c. the cliff d. nature e. God 26. In the second stanza, first line, to which of the following does the verb “crawls” refer? a. waves b. sea creatures c. sunlight on the water d. the eagle’s prey e. the eagle itself Answer questions 27 and 28 on the basis of the fol- lowing index from a forest management textbook. INDEX fire protection, 51–55, 108, 115 forest conflicts: European, 8, 91–93, 116–117, 133–134, 186–188 forest destruction and ecological decline, 143; and fire, 31–35; and industrialization, 156–173; and railways 27–29; and scientific forestry, 60–61; and villagers, 107, 115–116; and World Wars, 42–43, 46–47 forest fires, 72, 87, 100–105, 124; and pasture, 48, 51–53, 115–118; arson, 51, 122, 126–130; see also fire protection forest law: breaches of, 34–41, 49–52, 55, 70, –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 164 115–116, 121–123; see also forest conflicts forest management: and agrarian economy, 104–105, 121, 186–189; and imperial needs, 28, 35; and slash-and-burn farming, 12–18, 48; and commer- cial orientation of, 30–32; peasant resistance to, 69–76, 89, 99–106 27. On the basis of the index, on which page would you be most likely to find information about the outlawed practice of burning forested areas to create fields for grazing small herds of livestock? a. page 89 b. page 55 c. page 107 d. page 48 e. page 51 28. On what cause of forest destruction does the author of the textbook focus most, from the evi- dence of the index? a. industrialization b. fire damage c. railroads d. ecological decline e. scientific forestry Answer questions 29–31 on the basis of the follow- ing passage. 1) The Woodstock Music and Art Fair—better known to its participants and to history simply as “Woodstock”—should have been a colossal failure. 2) Just a month prior to its August 15, 1969 opening, the fair’s organizers were informed by the council of Wallkill, New York, that permission to hold the festival was withdrawn. 3) Amazingly, not only was a new site found, but word got out to the public of the fair’s new location. 4) At the new site, fences that were supposed to facilitate ticket collection never materialized, and all attempts at gathering tickets were abandoned. 5) Crowd estimates of 30,000 kept rising; by the end of the three days, some estimated the crowd at 500,000. 6) And then, on opening night, it began to rain. 7) Off and on, throughout all three days, huge summer storms rolled over the gathering. 8) In spite of these problems, most people think of Woodstock not only as a fond memory but as the defining moment for an entire generation. 29. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for this passage? a. Woodstock as Metaphor b. Backstage at Woodstock c. Woodstock: From The Band to The Who d. Remembering Woodstock e. Woodstock: The Untold Story 30. Which of the following numbered sentences of the passage best represents an opinion rather than a fact? a. sentence 1 b. sentence 2 c. sentence 3 d. sentence 4 e. sentence 5 31. Why is the word “amazingly” used in sentence 3? a. because the time in which the move was made and information sent out was so short b. because the fair drew such an unexpectedly enormous crowd c. because there was such pressure by New York officials against holding the fair d. because the stormy weather was so unfavor- able e. because ticket-taking was abandoned at the fair so anyone could come in –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 165 Answer questions 32–35 on the basis of the follow- ing passage. Cuttlefish are intriguing little animals. The cut- tlefish resembles a rather large squid and is, like the octopus, a member of the order of cephalopods. Although they are not considered the most highly evolved of the cephalopods, they are extremely intelli- gent. While observing them, it is hard to tell who is doing the observing, you or the cuttlefish, especially since the eye of the cuttlefish is very similar in struc- ture to the human eye. Cuttlefish are also highly mobile and fast creatures. They come equipped with a small jet located just below the tentacles that can expel water to help them move. Ribbons of flexible fin on each side of the body allow cuttlefish to hover, move, stop, and start. ______________________________ ____________________. The cuttlefish is sometimes referred to as the “chameleon of the sea” because it can change its skin color and pattern instantaneously. Masters of camou- flage, they can blend into any environment for protec- tion, but they are also capable of the most imaginative displays of iridescent, brilliant color and intricate designs, which scientists believe they use to commu- nicate with each other and for mating displays. How- ever, judging from the riot of ornaments and hues cuttlefish produce, it is hard not to believe they paint themselves so beautifully just for the sheer joy of it. At the very least, cuttlefish conversation must be the most sparkling in all the sea. 32. Which of the following sentences, if inserted into the blank line, would best sum up the first para- graph and lead into the next? a. The cuttlefish can be cooked and eaten like its less tender relatives, the squid and octopus, but must still be tenderized before cooking in order not to be exceedingly chewy. b. On a scuba dive when you’re observing cuttle- fish, it is best to move slowly because cuttle- fish have excellent eyesight and will probably see you first. c. Cuttlefish do not have an exoskeleton; instead, their skin is covered with chromataphors. d. The cuttlefish has ten arms, two of which are specialized feeders and its mouth is beak-like; this enables it to capture crustaceans with its powerful arms and crack shells with its strong mouth. e. By far their most intriguing characteristic is their ability to change their body color and pattern. 33. Which of the following is correct according to the information given in the passage? a. Cuttlefish are a type of squid. b. Cuttlefish use jet propulsion as one form of locomotion. c. The cuttlefish does not have an exoskeleton. d. Cuttlefish are the most intelligent cephalopods. e. Cuttlefish always imitate the patterns and col- ors of their environment. –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 166 34. Which of the following best outlines the main topics addressed in the passage? a. I. Explanation of why cuttlefish are intriguing II. Communication skills of cuttlefish b. I. Classification and difficulties of observing cuttlefish II. Scientific explanation of modes of cuttle- fish communication c. I. Explanation of the cuttlefish’s method of locomotion II. Description of color displays in mating behavior d. I. Comparison of cuttlefish with other cephalopods II. Usefulness of the cuttlefish’s ability to change color e. I. General classification and characteristics of cuttlefish II. Uses and beauty of the cuttlefish’s ability to change color 35. Which of the following best describes the pur- pose of the author of the passage? a. to prove the intelligence of cuttlefish b. to explain the communication habits of cut- tlefish c. to produce a fanciful description of the “chameleon of the sea” d. to persuade scuba divers of the interest in observing cuttlefish e. to describe the “chameleon of the sea” infor- matively and entertainingly Answer question 36 on the basis of the following passage. A book proposal has three major functions. First, it should sell a publisher on the commercial potential of the as-yet-to-be-written book. Second, the writing in the proposal itself should convince the publisher that the author has the ability to write the book. Finally, the proposal should show that the author has the background necessary to write the book. 36. Which of the following is the best meaning of the word “background” as it is used in the passage? a. something behind the main event b. something in a subordinated position c. one’s ability to do something d. events leading up to something e. facts to help explain something Answer questions 37–40 on the basis of the follow- ing passage. Off-site disposal of regulated medical wastes remains a viable option for smaller hospitals (those with less than 150 beds). However, some preliminary on-site processing, such as compaction or hydropulp- ing, may be necessary prior to sending the wastes off-site. Compaction reduces the total volume of solid wastes, often reducing transportation and disposal costs, but does not change the hazardous characteris- tics of the waste. However, compaction may not be economical if transportation and disposal costs are based on weight rather than volume. Hydropulping involves grinding the waste in the presence of an oxi- dizing fluid, such as hypochlorite solution. One advan- tage of hydropulping is that waste can be rendered innocuous and reduced in size within the same system. Disadvantages are the added operating burden, diffi- culty of controlling fugitive emission, and the difficulty of conducting microbiological tests to determine whether all organic matters and infectious organisms from the waste have been destroyed. On-site disposal is a feasible alternative for hos- pitals generating two tons per day or more total of solid waste. Common treatment techniques include steam sterilization and incineration. Although other –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 167 options are available, incineration is currently the pre- ferred method for on-site treatment of hospital waste. A properly designed, maintained, and operated incin- erator achieves a relatively high level of organism destruction. Incineration reduces the weight and vol- ume of the waste as much as 95 percent and is espe- cially appropriate for pathological wastes. 37. One disadvantage of the compaction method of waste disposal is that it a. cannot reduce transportation costs. b. reduces the volume of solid waste material. c. does not allow hospitals to confirm that organic matter has been eliminated. d. does not reduce the weight of solid waste material. e. cannot be done on-site. 38. The process that transforms waste from haz- ardous to harmless AND diminishes waste vol- ume is a. sterilization. b. hydropulping. c. oxidizing. d. processing. e. compacting. 39. For hospitals that dispose of waste on their own premises, the optimum treatment method is a. incineration. b. compaction. c. sterilization. d. hydropulping. e. grinding. 40. According to the information in the passage, which of the following is one criterion used to determine whether waste will be disposed of on- site or off-site? a. number of patients the hospital serves b. amount of pathogens in the waste c. whether organisms can be properly destroyed d. whether or not the waste can be reduced e. whether or not the waste is regulated Answer question 41 on the basis of the following passage. The Sami are an indigenous people living in the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Rus- sia’s Kola peninsula. Originally, the Sami religion was animistic; that is, for them, nature and natural objects had a conscious life, a spirit. One was expected to move quietly in the wilderness and avoid making a distur- bance out of courtesy to these spirits. Ghengis Khan is said to have declared that the Sami were one people he would never try to fight again. Since the Sami were not warriors and did not believe in war, they simply dis- appeared in times of conflict. They were known as “peaceful retreaters.” 41. Based on the tone of the passage, which of the following words best describes the author’s atti- tude toward the Sami people? a. admiring b. pitying c. contemptuous d. patronizing e. perplexed –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 168 . 8, 91–93, 1 16 117, 133–134, 1 86 188 forest destruction and ecological decline, 143; and fire, 31–35; and industrialization, 1 56 173; and railways 27–29; and scientific forestry, 60 61 ; and villagers,. forestry, 60 61 ; and villagers, 107, 115–1 16; and World Wars, 42–43, 46 47 forest fires, 72, 87, 100–105, 124; and pasture, 48, 51–53, 115–118; arson, 51, 122, 1 26 130; see also fire protection forest. 34–41, 49–52, 55, 70, –CBEST PRACTICE EXAM 1– 164 115–1 16, 121–123; see also forest conflicts forest management: and agrarian economy, 104–105, 121, 1 86 189; and imperial needs, 28, 35; and slash-and-burn