đây là bài tiểu luận tiếng anh của mình tự viết về môi trường hiện nay, mình biết là có nhiều cấu trúc còn sai, nhưng về bố cục bào viết của mình được giảng viên đánh giá tốt, mình hi vọng có thể giúp các bạn khi các bạn bắt tay vào viêt tiểu luận. Vì khi mình viết bài này mình đã mất khá nhiều công sức do không tìm được bất kì tài liệu tham khảo nào về vấn đề này
1 I. OPENING Environment is very essential in every aspect of life. All the living beings are depend upon the environment. All the components required for survival of living organisms are gained through environment. Air, water, soil, food etc… required for survival are acquired through the environment. All the development of living creatures are done in environment. Human beings utilizes the natural resources for development of civilization of human beings. For standardise the quality of human life, man use the environment in different sectors of development activities.plant and animals are also depend upon the environment.Therefore, all the pross such as survival, reproduction,growth and development etc.of living organisms are done under the environment Why is the environment so important to us? Because it's our life! It is where we live, we cannot survive without it. Everything we know and use comes out of the environment, eg food comes from crops and farming, clothes, water, shelter so therefore if we don't look after it, human life will simply be unable to exist. With global warming and pollution and other environmental problems, it is very important that we preserve the world we have left for future generations, so that humanity will be able to continue existing and thriving on this earth. Environmental issues have been a lot of national as well as most people live on earth our attention. However, environmental pollution are still raging across the planet. After the industrial revolution the world economy as the change meat to the economic growth of many countries miracle. But every problem there is always a downside. Humans have destroyed the balance of the earth. Thousands of blades pointed into the watershed forest, primary forest. Can exploit widespread metals, petroleum depletion sucked, instead of pointing straight up at the sky chimneys gush series of harmful emissions threaten the sustainable development of human beings. II. CONTENT 1. Definitions 1.1 Definitions of environments 2 Natural environment including natural factors such as physical, chemical, biological existences of the will of man, but also more or less affected by human activities. It is sunlight, mountains and rivers, sea, air, animals, plants, soil, water natural environment gives us air to breathe, the land to build houses, plant trees, livestock , gives people the mineral resources needed for production, consumption, and where contained, waste assimilation, we offer beautiful scenery to entertain, make people's lives more rich 1.2 Definition of environmental pollution Environmental pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem is physical systems or living organisms. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the elements of pollution, can be foreign substances or energies, or naturally occurring; when naturally occurring, they are considered contaminants when they exceed natural levels There are many different types of environmental pollution as : water pollution, soil pollution, Air Pollution… - Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals , particulates , biological materials , or other harmful materials into the Earth's atmosphere , possibly causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or built environment… - Soil pollution definition is the presence of toxic chemicals (pollutants or contaminants) in soil in high concentrations enough to be of risk to human health and/or ecosystem. Additionally, even when the levels of contaminants in soil are not of risk, soil pollution may occur simply due to the fact that the levels of the contaminants in soil exceed the levels that are naturally present in soil (in the case of contaminants which occur naturally in soil) - Water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living thing that drinks or uses or lives (in) it. When humans drink polluted water it often has serious effects on their health. Water pollution can also make water unsuited for the desired use. 2. Reality and consequences of environmental pollution 3 Our environment is getting worse day by day, and we are suffering for other peoples and our mistakes. It's getting harder and harder for our families to stay healthy with all the bad things we are around every day. We are affected by our environment, and more people are getting sicker and sicker. This could affect our families and our future one day. 2.1 The impact of environmental pollution on people Degradation of water quality , air and other hazards on the environmental impact directly or indirectly on human health , leading to a decline in health and disease -related , including disease caused by germs and insects because of climate change such as malaria , jaundice According to the World Health organization every year there are over 2 million people die from diseases related to the environment on 12/05/1952 in London , UK occur " smoke kills people." They measured levels of sulfur gases in the air as high as 3.8 mg/m3 - 6 times higher than normal . Soot concentrations up to 4.5 mg/m3 10 times higher than normal . People in the city feel chest tightness , shortness of breath and coughing constantly . Within 4.5 days more than 4,000 people had been killed , most of them are children and the elderly , two months after it had 8000 more people continue to die . Not only the direct impact , environmental pollution left lasting consequences sometimes several generations . Typically boom cancer villages in Vietnam . After a first cancer villages in Thach Son - Phu Tho , a consecutive series of other cancer villages in Henan mentioned , Ha Tay , Nghe An , Quang Nam and more recently cancer village in Thuy Nguyen - Hai Phong . There where the death toll to more than one third of the village population , including the elderly and children - all related to the status of serious environmental pollution. 2.2 The impact of environmental pollution on the economy Environmental pollution impairs human health , leading to reduced labor productivity , especially in agriculture . The deterioration of environmental quality will reduce the efficiency of production resources such as fisheries losses ( water pollution ) , reduces the growth of forest land due to erosion on the other hand , costs for medical expenses as well as to overcome the consequences of environmental pollution continues to grow . In Japan, the economic damage caused by environmental pollution in 1955 was $ 132 million , and 1970 ( 15 4 years later ) this figure had reached 13 billion U.S. dollars , an increase of 174 times . Estimated economic losses due to environmental pollution caused in the Western European countries corresponds to 6 % of the total national income . In addition, environmental pollution also impacts the natural environment pointer . The water pollution , air pollution leads back to habitat . The environment pollution globally indicated by the phenomenon mainly as greenhouse , ozone hole , acid rain , desertification , the biodiversity is reduced , etc. that is the most pressing issue is set for all humanity . One of the most dangerous change due to the adverse impact of environmental pollution is the climate change on earth . It is considered that the change of climate on Earth is inevitable consequences synthesis of phenomena caused by environmental pollution caused . GH Bronteman former chairman of the environment committee and developing world have said that unless the nuclear war out of climate change is the greatest threat to humans . It not only threatens the survival of humans , but also threatened the future of the earth . 2.3 The impact of environmental pollution to the ecological environment Only take a few minutes to cut down a tree but it takes many years , even a hundred years to grow a tree to be like that . It is these human’s actions have been devastating to the ecological environment . Here are some startling statistics , the actual figure is probably even higher . Approximately 50 % of the population on the planet do not have clean water to use, 80 % of the forest is destroyed or degraded , 6 million hectares of arable land was turned into desert . If logging speeds continue as at present , in only about next 170 years , the global forest will disappear completely . A quarter of mammal species and a variety of rare species of flora and fauna are being in endanger. 3. Causes 3.1 Natural pollution Due to melting snow , flooding , wind storms or by the product 's active living organisms , including their corpses . Plants , animals die, they are decomposed into microbial organic matter . One will seep into the ground , then deep into the ground water joins the large . Flood makes losing clean water , stir impurities in the sewers , carrying many toxic waste from garbage , and entrainment of chemicals previously stored 5 Flood may be contaminated by hazardous chemical waste from garbage , and entrainment of chemicals previously stored Pollution caused by the natural elements can be very serious , but not often, and not the main cause of quality degradation of global environment 3.2 Artificial pollution - From human consciousness : in many areas , human waste disposal arbitrary street , but down-hearted , narrow canal encroachment flow remains popular . And this is the major cause of environmental pollution . To satisfy the growing needs of its people exploited , plundered all the natural resources to put into production , despite the existence of laws and their development , as long as the gain a highest profit , most nhanah , when economic interests become the sole objective and of the highest social development , the most important criteria to evaluate the development . - From industrial activities : the unfinished engineering and production technology of society as civilization and agriculture industry is one of the main causes of environmental pollution . To satisfy the growing demand of human social production had to use a natural resource volumes are very large and much more . In terms of engineering and technology is not perfect and also limited comprehension , society must use to exploit natural resources horizontally , meaning that for a few key features , and disposal , such such as coal, oil used as raw material only . Because that natural resources are exploited as much toxic waste into the environment quit growing . the company still arbitrary disposal of toxic waste into the environment . Consequently natural resource depletion deteriorating environment. - Due to population explosion : due to the negative impact of rising population in the world today manifested in the following aspects: Pressure on natural resources and the earth's environment due to overexploitation of resources to serve the needs of housing , food production , food , industrial production The increase in urban population and the formation of megacities - cities make urban environmental risk serious recession . Water supply houses and trees not meet u for u daanc development , leads to pollution of air , water is increased . - War 6 During the Vietnam war of aggression , a total of U.S. imperialism sprayed 72 million liters of herbicides , including 44 million liters of Agent Orange, 1.7 million hectares of forest in southern Vietnam . The world has suffered many wars have great destructive power , and still happens every day of the war , racial strife , religious Aside from the terrible loss of life and property , Lesbian case is a warning because of its terrible consequences . 4. Environmental Prediction in future With the level of human destruction with the impact of the natural environment will tend to worsen - Clean water is threatened by climate change Climate warming , sea surges will reduce to 50% of the water supply needs for humans . And a reduced freshwater input will influence directly habitat to agriculture , energy and other economic sectors . Therefore, minimizing condition causing climate change and water conservation are two of the important tasks that people need to do in the coming decades . - Earth's temperature increase leads to instability on a global scale According to survey , if the Earth's temperature rose to 60C , there will be a lot of unpredictable and this has ever been witnessed in recent years . For example, floods , droughts , tsunamis , landslides , sicknesses incurred both political instability and war . If global temperatures rise 30C , the Amazon rainforest will turn into deserts and increase the 40C Alpine forests of giant ice will disappear . - Ecology Anthony Barnosky - Experts at the University of California (USA ) predicts that , within 150-300 years , 75 % of mammals will disappear . This means that the future residents of 'm only known monkey , chimpanzee , elephant or lion through the history books only. Along with alarm status of climate change. With CO2 emissions level as at present, in the next century, sea levels will rise dramatically, causing residents of 7 a series of landmarks become familiar with flooding. It's Miami Beach, Bangladesh, mostly Dutch territory, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Venice - Energy Fossil energy sources are being depleted is what the whole world is concerned about the future. From this point, we are looking towards alternative energy sources. Over the next 150 years, those who owned the cars run by gasoline, oil will only be billionaires. In the future , it is likely to be the main energy source for solar energy rather than nuclear energy risks . It is predicted that the country will gather solar satellites in space and absorb solar energy to meet the needs on the ground . III. CONCLUSIONS Along with other global issues , environmental pollution is increasingly serious threat not only to human life but also to the social relationships that exist around it . So the national government in particular and all organizations , competent authorities should promote more general measures to reduce pollution , enhance , continue to further strengthen measures to reduce pollution , strengthen and continue furthering the propagation and dissemination of educational institutions in factories , schools and communities with the content , appropriate forms for each target groups . There by to raise awareness of community responsibility and environmental protection . Looking straight into the environmental situation given the causes and find appropriate solutions to prevent an increase in environmental pollution evils , because " the sustainable development and the future of humanity." For future, our generations will live in a clean environment and a safer 8 Table of contents Page I. OPENING____________________________________________________1 II. CONTENT___________________________________________________1 1. Definition____________________________________________________1 1.1Definitions of environments ____________________________________2 1.2 Definition of environmental pollution_____________________________2 2. Reality and consequences of environmental pollution____________________2 2.1 The impact of environmental____________________________________3 2.2 The impact of environmental pollution on the economy_______________3 2.3 The impact of environmental pollution to the ecological environment____4 3. Causes________________________________________________________4 3.1 Natural pollution_____________________________________________4 3.2 Artificial pollution____________________________________________5 4. Environmental Prediction in future__________________________________6 III. CONCLUSIONS _______________________________________________7 References 1._Luu Duc Hai, 2000. Scientific basis of environmental Hanoi National University 2._Le Thanh Van 2004, Humans and the environment. Hanoi National University of Education 3._______________The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) . _______________________________________________7 References 1._Luu Duc Hai, 2000. Scientific basis of environmental Hanoi National University 2._Le Thanh Van 2004, Humans and the environment. Hanoi National University of Education 3._______________The