38. The author discusses Packer’s thesis and its flaws in order to (A) contrast the sensuality of Rossetti’s poetry with the relative starkness of her devotional commentary. (B) reveal the secret to which Rossetti alludes in “Winter: My Secret.” (C) call into question the authentic- ity of recently discovered letters written by Rossetti. (D) compare Woolf’s understanding of Rossetti with a recent, more enlightened view. (E) provide a foundation for the author’s own theory about Rossetti’s life and work. 39. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? (A) Newly-discovered evidence suggests that Rossetti’s works were misinterpreted by earlier critics and scholars. (B) Rossetti can be compared to Shakespeare both in her private life and in the enduring quality of her work. (C) Victorian poetry can be properly interpreted only by considering the personal life of the particu- lar poet. (D) The apparent inconsistency between Rossetti’s personal life and literary work are explained by Rossetti’s poems themselves. (E) Rossetti’s artistic integrity served as a model for later women poets. 40. Everyone agrees that current licensing requirements for child-care facilities are reasonably necessary to ensure public safety. Current licens- ing requirements for handgun ownership are far less stringent than those for operating child-care facili- ties. Yet the recent flurry of school shootings by young children using their parents’ handguns shows that handgun ownership poses a signifi- cant potential threat to public safety. The author is arguing that (A) the recent school shootings would not have occurred were it not for lenient handgun owner- ship laws. (B) parents of young children should not be allowed to own handguns. (C) the legal requirements for obtaining a license for operating a child-care facility are more stringent than those for hand- gun ownership. (D) unlicensed child care and unlicensed handgun ownership both pose a potential threat to public safety. (E) it would be reasonable to impose more stringent require- ments for handgun ownership. 41. The ancient Greek states boasted that within their domains word and speech were free. (A) within their domains word and speech were free (B) within its domain word and speech were free (C) word and speech were within their domains free (D) within their domains both word as well as speech were free (E) free word and speech were within their domains practice test Practice Test 3 493 www.petersons.com ANSWER KEYS AND EXPLANATIONS See Appendix B for score conversion tables to determine your score. Be sure to keep a tally of correct and incorrect answers for each test section. Analysis of an Issue—Evaluation and Scoring Evaluate your Issue-Analysis essay on a scale of 1 to 6 (6 being the highest score) according to the following five criteria: Does your essay develop a position on the issue through the use of incisive reasons and persuasive examples? Are your essay’s ideas conveyed clearly and articulately? Does your essay maintain proper focus on the issue and is it well organized? Does your essay demonstrate proficiency, fluency, and maturity in its use of sen- tence structure, vocabulary, and idiom? Does your essay demonstrate command of the elements of Standard Written English, including grammar, word usage, spelling, and punctuation? 494 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com Analysis of an Argument—Evaluation and Scoring Evaluate your Argument-Analysis essay on a scale of 1 to 6 (6 being the highest score) according to the following five criteria: Does your essay identify the key features of the argument and analyze each one in a thoughtful manner? Does your essay support each point of its critique with insightful reasons and examples? Does your essay develop its ideas in a clear, organized manner, with appropriate transitions to help connect ideas? Does your essay demonstrate proficiency, fluency, and maturity in its use of sen- tence structure, vocabulary, and idiom? Does your essay demonstrate command of the elements of Standard Written En- glish, including grammar, word usage, spelling, and punctuation? The following series of questions, which serve to identify the Argument’s five distinct problems, will help you evaluate your essay in terms of criteria 1 and 2. To earn a score of 4 or higher, your essay should identify at least three of these problems and, for each one, provide at least one example or counterexample that supports your critique. (Your examples need not be the same as the ones below.) Identifying and discussing at least four of the problems would help earn you an even higher score. • Are key characteristics of one group member (Giant Industries) also characteristics of the group as a whole (all employers in a certain state)? (Perhaps Giant is not typical of the state’s employers, as a group, with respect to either its financial strength or the average age of its workforce.) • Does the term “largest private business” necessarily mean that Giant employs more workers than any other business in the state? (The smaller the workforce at Giant, the less likely that Giant is representative of the state’s employers as a group.) • Doesn’t the prediction’s accuracy require that other future conditions remain unchanged? (For example, the argument ignores a possible influx of workers from other states.) • Would a reduced workforce necessarily result in business failure? (Perhaps businesses will be more profitable by trimming their workforce.) • What is the definition of “quality of life”? (The argument’s ultimate prediction depends on this missing definition.) answers practice test 3 Practice Test 3 495 www.petersons.com Quantitative Section 1. B 2. A 3. E 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. E 9. D 10. B 11. A 12. E 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. E 27. A 28. D 29. E 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. E 34. D 35. C 36. E 37. B 1. The correct answer is (B). In combining fractions, you can cancel across fractions all variables except a (in the numerator) and e (in the denominator), leaving a e • x 5 1. Then, to isolate x on one side of the equation, multiply both sides by e a : e a • a e • x 5 1• e a x 5 e a 2. The correct answer is (A). Any one of four distinct groups of three women might be selected: ABC, ABD, ACD,orBCD. The probability that the selections will result in any particular one of these groupings is 1 in 4, or 1 4 . Similarly, any one of three distinct pairs of two men might be selected: XY, XZ, and YZ. The probability that the selections will result in any particular one of these pairs is 1 in 3, or 1 3 . To determine the combined probability, multiply one individual probability by the other: 1 4 3 1 3 5 1 12 . 3. The correct answer is (E). The question asks you to compare times. Statement (1) provides only Maria’s time, not Lupe’s, so it is insufficient alone to answer the question. Statement (2) compares their driving distances, but it provides no information about Lupe’s driving time. Since Lupe’s driving time is a critical fact but is missing from both statements, the correct answer is choice (E). 496 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com 4. The correct answer is (A). Apply the formula for determining arithmetic mean (AM below) or simple average. Letting x equal the other number, solve for x: AM 5 Q 1 x 2 PQ 5 Q 1 x 2 2PQ 5 Q 1 x 2PQ 2 Q 5 x 5. The correct answer is (C). Statement (1) alone provides no information about b and is therefore insufficient to answer the question. Statement (2) alone is also insufficient because is provides two distinct equations in two variables: a 2 b 5 1 and a 2 b 521. Now consider both statements together. Given statement (1), a 5 3, 23. Substituting 3 and 23fora into each of the two equations that statement (2) suggests yields four possible values for b:2,24, 4, and 22. Since you now know all possible values for a and b, you can determine the minimum value of |a 1 b|. (The answer to the question is 5.) 6. The correct answer is (C). Here’s the sequence up to the 12th second: 0 W 1 B 2 W 3 G 4 W 5 R 6 W 7 B 8 W 9 G 10 W 11 R 12 W Every time you reach a time divisible by 6, the sequence starts over with W and proceeds: W-B-W-G-W-R. 204 is divisible by 6; hence, starting at the 204th second, here are the light’s movements through the 209th second: 204 W 205 B 206 W 207 G 208 W 209 R As you can see, the movement from the 208th to the 209th second is from white (W)to red (R). 7. The correct answer is (B). Statement (1) alone is obviously insufficient to answer the question. Considering statement (2) alone, the factored form of the quadratic expression x 2 2 6x 1 9is(x 2 3)(x 2 3). As you can see, the two roots of the equation in statement (2) are the same. The only possible value of x is 3. Thus, statement (2) alone suffices to answer the question. answers practice test 3 Practice Test 3 497 www.petersons.com 8. The correct answer is (E). Substitute 2 3 and 2 2 3 individually for u in the defined operation b u c 5 u 2 2 u: b 2 3 c 5 4 9 2 2 3 5 4 9 2 6 9 52 2 9 b 2 2 3 c 5 4 9 1 2 3 5 4 9 1 6 9 5 10 9 Then add the two results together:. 2 2 9 1 10 9 5 8 9 9. The correct answer is (D). Extend BE to F (as in the diagram below). m∠EFD 5 m∠ ABE 5 40°. m∠FED must be 110° because a triangle’s angle measures sum to 180°. Since ∠BED and ∠FED are supplementary, m∠BED 5 70°. 10. The correct answer is (B). $54 is 90% of what Kirk collected. Express this as an equation: 54 5 0.90x 540 5 9x x 5 60 Kirk collected $60. If each paper sells for 40 cents, the number of papers Kirk sold is: 60 0.40 5 600 4 5 150. 11. The correct answer is (A). Add the two equations: x 1 y 5 a x 2 y 5b 2x 5 a 1 b x 5 1 2 ~a 1 b! 498 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com 12. The correct answer is (E). Since the figure has 5 sides, the sum of the measures of the angles is 540°: 180(5 2 2) 5 540 The sum of the measures of the five angles is 540°. Set up an equation and then solve for x: 540 5 x 1 110 1 60 1 120 1 100 540 5 x 1 390 150 5 x 13. The correct answer is (A). The shelter houses d 1 c animals altogether. Of these animals, d are dogs. That portion can be expressed as the fraction d c 1 d . 14. The correct answer is (C). The information in the question establishes the total contributions of Willot and Tilson counties relative to those of Stanton and Osher counties. Statement (1) provides information about the total crop revenues of Osher County relative to those of Tilson County, but the statement provides no additional information about Stanton County’s specific percentage contribution. Statement (1) alone is therefore insufficient to answer the question. Based on statement (2) alone, Tilson County’s nonsubsidized farms must have accounted for 6% of all revenues (18% 2 12%). Accordingly, Stanton County’s nonsubsidized farms must have accounted for 9% of all revenues. (The percentages in the leftmost column must total 30.) However, this information is insufficient to determine Stanton County’s subsidized farm contribution. With statements (1) and (2) together, Osher County’s revenues must total 36% (because statement (2) stipulates that Osher County contributed twice the revenues of Tilson County, which you now know contributed 18% of all revenues). At this point, you’ve partially completed the table: nonsub- sidized farms sub- sidized farms Willot County 7% J 50% Tilson County (6%) 12% (18%) Stanton County (9%) J 50% Osher County 8% (28%) (36%) (Total Percentages) 30% (70%) Now you can see that Stanton County’s subsidized farms contributed 5% of the total revenues. (Stanton and Osher revenues must account for 50% of the total.) Thus, statements (1) and (2) together suffice to answer the question. answers practice test 3 Practice Test 3 499 www.petersons.com 15. The correct answer is (D). Since the smallest circle has a radius of 1, the medium circle has a radius of 2, and, therefore, the diameter of the large circle must be 6, which makes its radius 3. The arc of a semicircle is half the circle’s circumference—that is, pr.Sothe length of the boundary of the shaded region is the sum of the arcs of the three semicircles: p12p13p56p. 16. The correct answer is (C). Statement (1) alone is insufficient because you can make several possible equations using the integers 0 through 9. Statement (2) alone is insufficient for the same reason. Considering statements (1) and (2) together leaves you with only two possibilities for b n :3 4 or 9 2 . Given that a m 5 b n , you can now answer the question. The sum of the four integers is 3 1 4 1 9 1 2, or 18. 17. The correct answer is (A). The total rent is D 1 100, which must be divided by the number of students (M). 18. The correct answer is (D). Start with 2, then 4, then 6, and so forth (positive even integers), as the value of n. Test each value in turn. You’ll find that only the numbers in the following sequence leave a remainder of 1 when divided by 3: {4, 7, 10, . . .}. Notice that the numbers increase by 3 in sequence. Next, try a few of these numbers as the value of n in each of the five expressions. You’ll find that all but (n 3 2) are divisible by 3. 19. The correct answer is (E). First combine the two terms inside the radical using the common denominator b 2 . Then remove perfect squares from the radical: Î a 2 b 2 1 a 2 b 2 5 Î a 2 1a 2 b 2 5 Î 2a 2 b 2 5 |a| |b| = 2 20. The correct answer is (C). First consider statement (1) alone. If a 521, then the two quantities are equal, while if a has any other value less than 0, the two quantities are unequal. Thus, you can easily dismiss statement (1) as insufficient to answer the question. Consider statement (2) alone. If 21 , a , 0, then = 3 a , a (and the answer to the question is yes). For example, Î 3 2 1 8 52 1 2 , which is less than 2 1 8 . But, if 0 , a , 1, then = 3 a . a (and the answer to the question is no). For example Î 3 1 8 5 1 2 , which is greater than 1 8 . Thus, statement (2) does not suffice. Considering both statements together, 21 , a , 0. As already noted, under this constraint the answer to the question is always yes. 500 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com 21. The correct answer is (B). You can solve the problem by trying each answer choice in turn. Or, you can solve the problem algebraically. Let x 5 the number of nickels. 30 2 x 5 the number of quarters. Convert both expressions to cents: 5x 5 the value of nickels in cents 750 2 25x 5 the value of quarters in cents The total of these two expressions is 470. Set up the equation, then solve for x: 5x 1 750 2 25x 5 470 220x 52280 x 5 14 22. The correct answer is (D). The area of any triangle equals 1 2 3 base 3 height. Using 7 miles as the base of the triangle in this problem, the triangle’s height is the north-south (vertical) distance from A to an imaginary line extending west from B. Statement (1) explicitly provides the triangle’s height. Statement (2) also provides sufficient information to determine this height. As indicated in the figure above, the triangle’s height is 4 miles (3 2 1 4 2 5 5 2 , per the Pythagorean theorem). Accordingly, either statement alone suffices to determine the triangle’s area. (The area 5 1 2 3 7 3 4 5 14.) 23. The correct answer is (C). Neither statement (1) nor (2) alone suffices to answer the question. You still do not know what portion of the remaining computer systems is equipped only with scanners. However, both statements together establish that 55% (100% 2 20% 2 25%) are equipped only with scanners. 24. The correct answer is (B). To answer the question, you need to compare Daniel’s rate of work with that of Carl and Todd working together. Statement (1) provides Carl’s rate, but not Todd’s; therefore, statement (1) alone is insufficient to answer the question. Statement (2) provides Carl’s and Todd’s combined rate. By comparing this combined rate with the rate of all three working together, you can determine Daniel’s rate. Statement (2) alone suffices to answer the question. Although you don’t have to do the math, here’s how you would answer the question. All three workers can load 1 8 of the van in one hour. Similarly, Carl and Todd can load 1 12 of the van in one hour. Subtract 1 12 from 1 8 to obtain Daniel’s rate: 1 8 2 1 12 5 3 24 2 2 24 5 1 24 . Daniel can do 1 24 of the job (loading the van) in one hour, so it would take Daniel 24 hours to load the van. answers practice test 3 Practice Test 3 501 www.petersons.com 25. The correct answer is (C). By definition, the longest possible chord of a circle is equal in length to the circle’s diameter. Thus, the coordinates of R and S allow you to calculate the circle’s diameter and, in turn, its area. Statements (1) and (2) together suffice to answer the question. 26. The correct answer is (E). This problem requires a bit of trial and error. Given statement (1), a bit of experimenting with a few numbers—e.g., AB 5 43 and AB 5 24—quickly reveals that statement (1) alone is insufficient to answer the question: 4 3 3 5 12 (divisible by 4), but BAB (343) is not divisible by 4. 2 3 4 5 8 (divisible by 4), and BAB (424) is also divisible by 4. Similarly, given statement (2), substituting a few different value pairs for A and B that satisfy statement (2) quickly reveals that statement (2) alone is insufficient to answer the question. 3 1 6 1 3 5 12 (divisible by 4), but 363 (BAB) is not divisible by 4. 4 1 0 1 4 5 8 (divisible by 4), and 404 is divisible by 4. Even considered together, statements (1) and (2) are insufficient to answer the question. For example, the number 242 satisfies both statements (1) and (2) but is not divisible by 4, whereas the number 484 satisfies both statements (1) and (2) and is divisible by 4. 27. The correct answer is (A). Given statement (1), you can determine the total number of paperbacks sold: ($0.75)(P) 5 $19.50, or P 5 26. Given that 55 books were sold altogether, 29 hardback books were sold, and statement (1) alone suffices to answer the question. Statement (2) provides no information about the price of either type of book, and therefore alone is insufficient to answer the question. 28. The correct answer is (D). The age group that spent the most time per week watching sports on television was the 19224 year-old group (who spent an average of approximately 6 hours per week watching sports programming). The average hours for all three groups totals approximately 71 (34 1 17 1 20). Of that total, the two groups other than the 19224 age group accounted for 54 hours, or about 76% S 54 71 D of the total hours for all three age groups. 29. The correct answer is (E). Your task here is to compare the size of the entertainment portion of the left-hand bar to the combined sizes of the same portion of the other two bars. Size up the ratio visually. The portion on the first chart is a just a bit larger than the other two combined, isn’t it? So you’re looking for a ratio that’s greater than 1:1. You can rule out answer choices (A) and (B). Approximate the height of each of the three portions: 13218 age group: 25 hours 19224 age group: 5 hours 25230 age group: 10 hours The ratio in question is 25:15, or 5:3. 30. The correct answer is (A). The amount invested at 5% is (10,000 2 x) dollars. Thus, the income from that amount is 0.05(10,000 2 x) dollars. 502 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com . work. (C) Victorian poetry can be properly interpreted only by considering the personal life of the particu- lar poet. (D) The apparent inconsistency between Rossetti’s personal life and literary. elements of Standard Written English, including grammar, word usage, spelling, and punctuation? 494 PART VI: Five Practice Tests www.petersons.com Analysis of an Argument—Evaluation and Scoring Evaluate. might be selected: ABC, ABD, ACD,orBCD. The probability that the selections will result in any particular one of these groupings is 1 in 4, or 1 4 . Similarly, any one of three distinct pairs of