l16 uxr52 /.1'l shoe A special washing machine MRs MARSH: (a) Does this shop sell washing machines? MR SHAW: Yes. This is the latest washing machine. MRS MARSH: (b) ls it Swedish? MR SHAW: No, madam. lt's English. MRS MARSH: (c) Could you show me how it washes? MR SHAW: (d) Shall I give you a demongfiation? This one is our special demonstration machine. lt's so simple. (e) You take some sheets and shirts. (f) You put them in the machine. (g) you shut this dq And you push this button. MRS MARSH: (h) The machine shouldn't shake like that, should it? MR sHAW: Washing machines always shake, madam Ah! lt's finished nor'. MRS MARSH: (i) But the sheets have shrunk, and so have the shirts. MR SHAW: (j) Do you wish to bUy this machine, madam? MRS MARSH: I'm not sure. cso c First check your answers by listening to the dialogue again. Then check in the key. Practise reading the dialogue aloud. Record your voice to compare your production of the intonation with the recording. 4 Joining /J/ sounds a {/ sounds are joined between words. EXAMPLE English_sheep Rewrite these phrases following the example in l. I shops in England English shops 2 ships made in Denmark 3 sheep in Scotland 4 shampoo from Sweden 5 champagne from France 6 sheets from Ireland 7 shirts made in Poland 8 shorts from Finland 9 sugar fromTurkey I0 shoes made in Spain csz b Listen and checkyour answers. c Read the phrases aloud, joining the ll sounds. EXAMPLE English_shops 5 Spelling Look back over this unit at words with the target sound, and write whar you noticed about how to spell the sound {/. lSl television ll7 - Dad, what rhyrnes with explosion? - Erosion. - What about conclusion? - Con ion. - And television? - Decision revision precision - Stop, Dad! That's enough! Thank you. - My pleasure. Any time. t Target sound l3l csea a First practise the sound {/ (see page I 14). Listen and repeat. crat' b Use your voice to make the target sound /g/. Listen and repeat. c:sc c Listen and repeat both sounds. {/ is unvoiced. /3/ is voiced. 2 Sound l3l lsl casual Michelle has a job in a shop selling casual shoes. massage She also has a casual job doing sports massage occasionally She does sports massage occasionally, not every day. collision Yesterday Michelle saw a collision outside the shoe shop. measure She was measuring a shoe for a customer. casualty An ambulance took two injured people to casualty. (Note: TWo meanings of casual in the first two sentences: I casual shoes = relaxed style or fashion fopposite: formal] ; 2 casual job = not regular work Iopposite: permanent].) I ssaR r eb ,.i ffi )k\ w I l8 uNtr 15 /3/ television c3ea a Listen and repeat the words. crsu b Listen to the sentences. e3ea c Sentence stress In spoken English, the most important words for the speaker are strongly stressed. So there is often more than one 'correct' way of stressing a sentence, as it depends on the speaker's meaning. Guess which words might be spoken with stronger stress in the sentences. Then listen to the sentences again and underline the sentence stress (on page ll7). EXAMPLE Miehcllc has a jqb in a shop selling casual shoes. fisa d Listen and repeat the sentences. 5 Television programmes i] a First practise the sound /3/ in some of the words from this unit. Read the @' words aloud or visit the website to practise. usually unusual pleasure garage casual clothes an unusual collision It Lc television treasure c10 b Listen. #, - elevision Programmes: hannel 5 - ttl - Children's film: Treasure Island - i.r - News update: Art Urtusual Collision - l0 - Fashion show: Casua! Clothes - 15 -Travel film: Crossin gAsi.a 15 - Do-it-yourself show: How to Measure UNlt 33 /i/ telervision I | 9 Sharon Shaun Charlotte My pleasure. You're welcome. Thats OK. lUrS Marsh a New Garage j0 - Variety show: 1/'s a Pleasure c Make as many sentences as you can about who's watching what on TV tonight. EXAMPLE At 8.30, Shaun's watching a variety show called lt's a Pleasure. d Practise with a partner. Talk about which of the television programmes above you would like to watch. Also ask each other about what shows you usually watch. EXAMPLES \Mhat do vou usuallv watch on Thursdavs? Would you like to watch the fashion show Casuat Ctothes? 4 Intonation in thanks/responses We usually say thank you and reply to thank you with intonation going down at the end. \\rhen somebody says 'Thank you' for doing something, we sometimes reply, 'It s a pleasure', or'My pleasure.' Some other responses to thanks are: 'You're welcome', 'That's all right,' 'That's OK.' c+r Practise ways of saying thank you and responses to thanks with intonation going down on the last strong stress. First listen and repeat the possible responses. It's a pleasure. That's all right. EXAMPLE A: Thank you for lending me your television. B: It's a p.l€asure. I Thank you for mending rny television. 2 Here's your measuring tape. Thank you so much. 3 I finished'Treasure Island'. Thanks. 4 It was great to use your garage. Thanks a lot. 5 Thanks for the massage. It was great. s Spelling Look back over this unit at words with the target sound, and write what you noticed about how to spell the sound /3/. t20 I ttI t chip sheep This is a sheep farm. sherry It's a sherry trifle, shop l'll buy this shop. - Lovely little chapel for a church wedding bells chiming . . . - Do you think they're a good match? - Good question. They're like chalk and cheese. She's a checkout chick; he's the chairman of a television channel. He's rich, charming - But she is the national chess champion. -Ah! mm a perfect match, I imagine. (Note: They're like chalk and cheese = idiom meaning they're very different.) ffi r@ wash He's washing the television. I Target sound /tJl L4za a First practise the sounds ltl and/.f/ (see pages 89 and 114). Listen and repeat. r czu b To make the target sound lt|,begin to make /t/, Then slowly move your tongue from the roof of your mouth. Do it again more quickly. Don't use your voice. Listen and repeat: /tf. 2 Minimal pairs Sound I Sound 2 t.ft ttJ't ship chip We like ships. We like chips. cash catch I couldn't cash it. I couldn't catch it l'- \ Y\ cheap This is a cheap farm. cherry It's a cherry trifle. chop l'll buy this chop. watch He's watching the television @ UNIT 54 i1l'l chip l2l - 1 Pair words , a Listen and repeat the words. b You will hear five words from each minimal pair. For each word, write I for /.f/ (sound I) or 2 for ltJl (sound 2). EXAMPLE Pair I: 2,2,1,2,I ' -:l oair sentences c Listen to the minimal pair sentences. d Listen to six of the sentences and write 1 for lJl (sound l) or 2 for ltJl (sound 2). e Sentence stress First read the minimal pair sentences and guess which two words will be strongly stressed in each sentence. Notice which words are nouns, adjectives or main verbs. These are often important for the speaker's meaning, so they are often (but not always) the stressed words. Then listen to each sentence and underline the two strongly stressed words (on page 120). EXAMPLE He's watching the television. . f Tick the words a) or b) that you hear in the sentences. I a) shop I b) chop tr 2 a) sherry I b) cherry tr 3 a) washing ! b) watching ! 4 a) ships tr b) chips I 5 a) shin I b) chin I 6 a) shoes tr b) choose I : - alogue a First practise the target sound /tJ/ in words from the dialogue. Read the words aloud or visit the website to practise. choose chops Charles much lunch Church butcher chicken children cheaper cheerful charming Cheshire chump chops b Sentence stress Listen to the dialogue, paying attention to the target sound. Then read the dialogue and guess which words are strongly stressed in each sentence. The number in brackets tells you how manywords will be strongly stressed by the speaker in that line. The first line has been done as an example. Then listen to the dialogue as many times as necessary before deciding on your answers. 122 UNIT 34 h.f chip At the butcher's shop (5) Gherlss eheshjre is o very eheedul, eftsrming butcher.) CFIARLES: (2) Cood morning, Mrs Church. MRS cHURcH: (5) Cood morning, Charles l'd like some chops for the children's IUNCN CHARLES: (2) Chump chops or shoulder chops, Mrs Church? tu'iRS CHURCH: ( ) l'll have four shoulder chops, and I want a small chicken. CHARLES: (3) Would you like to choose a chicken, Mrs Church? MRS CHURCH: (2) Which one is cheaper? CHARLES: (a) This one's the cheapest. lt's a delicious chicken. l\4RS CHtjRtH: (B) How much is all that? | haven't got cash. Can I pay by credit card? CHARLES: (2) Of course, Mrs Church. ( t{i c Check your answers by listening to the dialogue again. Then check in th key. d Practise reading the dialogue aloud. Record your voice to compare your production of the target sound with the recording. 4 Intonation in a list c r a Listen to the recording of someone Iisting the ingredients in the recipe below. Notice how intonation keeps going up on each item of the list, but comes dovyn at the end. Recipe - Cheese-topped chops Ingredients: a dash of soy sauce four chops .er a*" Cheddar cheese one fresh chilli or a Pueb of chilli powder cherries a o mushrooms L, r# shallo ts *; c l, od co Practise reading this list aloud. Record your voice to compare your intonation with the recording. . chip l2l - 1 Pair words , a Listen and repeat the words. b You will hear five words from each minimal pair. For each word, write I for /.f/ (sound I) or 2 for ltJl (sound 2). EXAMPLE. Sentence stress In spoken English, the most important words for the speaker are strongly stressed. So there is often more than one 'correct' way of stressing a sentence, as. sentence. Notice which words are nouns, adjectives or main verbs. These are often important for the speaker's meaning, so they are often (but not always) the stressed words. Then listen