PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011~421 1, USA
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© Cambridge University Press 1977, 1981
This book is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provisigns of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without
the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published 1977
Second edition 1981 Twenty-sixth printing 2002
Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 521 28354 X Ship or Sheep? Student’s Book ISBN 0 521 26358 1 Ship or Sheep? Set of 3 cassettes
Trang 3To the student
This book has been written to help you recognise and pronounce English sounds To make it interesting and fun to learn, there are lots of different types of exercise When you do them by yourself or in class, you will realise that you are not only learning how to produce sounds: you are also practising the skills needed to communicate in real life
The sounds are separated into two different sections but you do not have to work your way through the book from left to tight You can choose the units which practise sounds you find especially difficult, or study vowels and consonants together
All exercises with this symbol are recorded on cassette The key symbol =# tells you that the complete sentences for the tests are given at the back of the book Answers to the recorded listening exercises in the Review units are also given
To the teacher
This book is designed to train students to recognise and produce English sounds The basic premise behind it is that pronunciation material should be meaningful and easily understood
The material has been developed for use in the classroom as well as for students working alone Cassettes accompany the book and a Teacher’s Book (forthcoming) will provide extra guidance and help for teachers
Each of the forty-nine units in this book practises a different sound and provides a variety of activities for this purpose Stress and intonation, as well as sounds, are important for successful communication in English and aspects of these are also introduced and practised
Students may wish to work their way through the book using lessons from Sections A (vowels) and B (consonants) simultaneously Or they may prefer to choose units which are helpful for their own particular problems
The symbol [==] indicates exercises which have been
recorded on the cassettes The key symbol yeo4} following the
Trang 4
Section A
Vocabulary
First learn the words you will need to study how to make the sounds in this section
Your mouth
1 This is your mouth
SS
2 Open your mouth
Trang 5Vocabulary Your tongue y a b tongue yonguey é the front of your tongue vt —
ce the back of your tongue
Moving your tongue y Put your tongue forward @ GO OO ; Put your tongue up oO Go ` 2
Put your tongue back
Trang 6
Unit1 i: (sheep) qe Unit 1 i: (sheep)
Practice! Listen and repeat: : Dialogue Ina restaurant
bean — heel meal Be Peter: What would you like to eat, Edith? Edith: A meat sandwich
Peter: Jean? Would you like a meat sandwich or a cheese sandwich?
Jean: A cheese sandwich, please, Peter Waiter: Good evening
Peter: Good evening We'll have one meat sandwich and two cheese sandwiches ,
Edith: And three teas, please!
Waiter: (writing down the order) One meat sandwich two cheese sandwiches and three teas
intonation Questions with ‘or’
These have a falling tune at the end MENU
The parts of words which are in —
blacker type are louder, or stressed Soup:
seat A — OUP:
Would you like Coffee or téa? leek soup oR pea soup Would you like Veal or beéf? Meat: Would you like ffee or milk or Veal or beef téa? leek — Vegetables: cat
Now practise with somebody, beans or peas using this menu
Sweets:
Example - | cheesecake or ice-cream Would you like leek soup or pea oR peaches soup?
Leek soup, please coffee OR tea Practice2 Listen and repeat: — œ=——
Edith see eating
evening tea Peter
easy pea Meat ——~ Jean three
cheese ; baves sds ier orebso
Trang 7Unit 2 1 (ship) Unit 2 1 (ship)
onversation Using the menu, practise in a group of four people: Practice’ Listen and repeat:
You are in a restaurant One person is the waiter
One person asks the questions: Would you like Then you must give your order to the waiter The waiter must remember the order sound1 sound2 OF ? sheep ship bean bin | 45 eat it Unit2 1 ship | @ | seat sit «gf } Cm i: “=> : + 5 : <=> SSH leek lick ¬ 7 @
Trang 8Test ne the words you recognise in n che Unit 21 (ship) 1 (a) sheep; 2a bean; ; b)ship fy 2 ©) bin, TẾ cà 3 a) cheeks” ® chicks be a 4 a) cheap; b) chip “ $@) heel; b) hill ; + iv me Na Practice 2 Listen and repeat: it’s isn’t ill Indians cố a) peel; ¢b)!pill >8 tủ Wade “ ° Tort - - Tim fifty film sixty minutes beginning interesting Mrs Smith Dialogue An interesting film Stress Bil: Lyn: Bill: Tim: Lyn: Tim: Lyn: Bill: Mrs Smith: Tim: Numbers Listen and three four five six seven 8 Is Timi in ? »,
Is he coming to the pictures? Mrs Smith: Tim’s ill
Flere he is! Hello, Tim
Hello, Bill Are you ill, Tim? Is it an interesting film? It’s “Big Jim and the Indians’ And it begins in six minutes If you're ill, Tim ¬" é sentences you hear: ae # Quick! Or we'll miss the beginning of the film! repeat: thirteen thirty fourteen forty fifteen fifty sixteen sixty seventeen seventy SAU A Ww 13 l4 1§ 16 17 30 40 50 60 70 Unit 3 e (pen)
eight eighteen eighty 8 18 80
nine nineteen ninety 9 19 90
Game _ Mini bingo
Play in a group of five people
One person calls out the numbers above in any order ; The others each choose one of the boxes A, B, C or D below Cross out each number in your box as it is called (or puta small piece of paper on top of each number as itis called) The first person to cross out all his numbers wins B C P 1§ | 16 60} 6] 15 A 13] 3] 80 60} 4] 16 5 7| 19 | 50 20 | 30] 13 7o| 900] 3 8 | 14 | 17 17|90| 8| |7o| s|9ò| | 40 Unit3 e pen {— (“ : ¬ "QO `—v~
[se] First practise the sound 1 (see page 6) Then open your mouth a little more
Trang 9Unit 3 e (pen) Practice Listen and repeat: 1 pin ‘pen bn Ben tin ten pig peg Bill bell chicks cheques sound1 ` sound 2 J0 pyr Practice 2 (= Dialogue Intonation Unit 3 e (pen) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: a) pin; b) pen a) pig; b) peg a) tins; b) tens a) Jinny; b) Jenny, I 2 3 4 a)sit; b) set 5 6 a) picked; b) pecked_ Listen and repeat:
any spend Jenny everybody friend jealous everything left America
Eddie shelf y expensive cigarettes Ellen ten pence help yourself An expensive holiday Eddie: Ben: Eddie: Ellen: Jenny: Ben: Eddie: Everybody: Ellen: Ben: Eddie: Jenny: Eddie: _ ~~ Hello, Ellgn! Hello, Ben! Hello, Jenny!
Hello, Eddie Have a cigarette
Thanks, Ben _—
Help yourself to whisky
It’s on the shelf ` + How did you spend your holiday, Eddie? I went to America with a friend
Well! a We're all jealous
Was it expensive? ~ Yes Very I’ve spent everything Haven't you any money left?
Yes, Jenny Ten pence!
Statements usually have a falling tune at the end
‘Wh’ questions (Who? What? Why? When? Where? How?) usually have a falling tune at the end
Yes/No questions usually have a rising tune at the end
Examples:
‘Wh’ question: How did you spend your holiday?
Statement: I went to America
Trang 10Unit 4 & (man) Unit 4 @# (man) : practice 1 Listen and repeat:
- sound1 sound 2
Yes/No question: Was it expéfsive? Statement: Yes Very
Conversation Practise this dialogue Use the place names below
Kent Venice Belgium Denmark Edinburgh How did you spend your holiday ? Iwentto Was it expensive? Yes Very ””' men man đo da “hậu wor kts fre Re HHL Unit 4 og man - ( > i aa —— C: : OP J bread Brad
First practise the sound e (see page 9) =>
Then open your mouth a little more |
12 i
Trang 11Test Practice 2 Diaglogue Unity œ (man) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: I a) pen; iy pan 2s) men; b) man 3 a) said: hy sad 7 - _ 4 a) gem; 3# jam 5 a) pet; by pat
6 a) bed; by bad weet} Listen and repeat:
apple Anne camera -
perhaps Amsterdam lavatory tole boo passenger Alice travelling
hijacker Miss Allen handbag jacket left hand
black slacks Miss Bradley
A bad hijacker
Hostess Bradley: Alice! Perhgps that passenger is a hijacker!
Hostess Allen: Which Passenger, Anne? That sad man with the
camera? He’s tearing black slacks and a jacket
Hostess Bradley: No That fat lady with the big black handbag in her left hand Hostess Allen: — Is she standing next to the lavatory?
Hostess Bradley: Yes She’s travelling to Amsterdam
Hostess Allen: You're mad, Anne, I don’t understand
Hostess Bradley: You see, when she went into the lavatory she
didn’t have that handbag in her hand, and now
she’s
Fat lady: (clapping her hands) EVERYBODY STAND!
I’m a hijacker And in this handbag Ihavea Handbag : BANG! oo ⁄ Ai l7/_ = BANG =, a/i\* 14 Stress vàn * & Conversation er ite ht rs 4 Awe Unit 4 2 (man) In English some words are stressed at the end: perhaps below " about Some words are stressed in the middle: beginning conversation
But most words are stressed at the beginning: camera handbag pictures cricket bat family sandwich waiting aeroplane apple practise airport: hijacker jacket passenger woman
Practise this conversation about the passengers in the picture below They are in the airport waiting to get on the aeroplane
Example:
Student A: Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker
Student B: Do you mean the man with the black slacks? Student A: No The woman with the black handbag
Trang 12~) Unit 5 A (cup) Units A cup - — C2 A > `—xr
Trang 13SNEED NY LA fm
UV Units a(cup)
Test Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: I cap; b) cup 4 &) mad; b) mud
—2$af hat; (b) hut 5 a) hang; b) hung
3 a) bag; (b) bug 6 a) ran; 6)run wt Practice2 Listen and repeat: A
ugly must love
untrue much lovely
unhappy lunch honey understand Sunny worry shut up cousin company Just once Russ wonderful
Dialogue Ilove you —_
Russ: Honey, why are you so sad? (Janet says nothing)
—
Russ: Honey, why are you so unhappy? I don’t understand
Janet: You don’t lope me, Russ! Russ: Bug, haney, I love you very much
Janet: That’s untrue You love my cousin, Sunny You think she’s lovely and Pm ugly
Russ: Janet, just once last month I took Sunn y out for lunch You mustn’t worry I like your company much better than Sunny’s
Janet: Oh, shut up, Russ
Russ: But, honey, I think you're wonderful You mustn’t
Janet: Oh, SHUT UP! Intonation Making a list
Listen and repeat:
He bought a cup and some huts
ee ~ -
T
He bought a Cup, some nuts and some honey —_—
~ a » +
He bought a Cup, some nuts, some hohey, anda brush Game “My uncle went to London’
TC this 8ame first with the class, then in groups of five or
People Choose any words from the list below 18 J Unit 6 a: (heart) Example: Student A: My uncle went to London and he spent a lot of money He bought a bus
Student B: My uncle went to London and he spent a lot of money He bought a bus and a dozen buns
Each student adds something to the list, and you must remember what the other students have said
Practise saying the words before you start:
#some butter
4 tức ` ¢ a cup a cupboard {S some honey : ~a bus Aone onion š Ĩ ga brush l, abottle of rum ^ 40 arubber duck ^ ~a dozen buns “4an ugly monkey a hundred buttons 4/some nuts fa tongue
4a blood sausage dpa lovely butterfly
Trang 14J Unit 6 a: (heart) Practice 1
J Unit 6 a: (heart)
Listen and repeat:
Trang 15
Unit 8 0 (clock) Now listen and repeat:
eat eggs mat sit
seat any ham fish tea ready apple chips
Lunch on the grass
Ben: Is lunch ready? _—_ Anne: Yes Let’s eat lunch in the garden Ben: Shall we sit on this seat?
Anne: Let’s sit on this mat on the grass Ben: Is it fish and chips for lunch? Anne: No It’s ham and eggs > Ben: Have you any buns and ham? _ Anne: Yes And cups of tea and apple tart v K bead en one AY Home wor « Unit 8» (clock) practice’ Listen and repeat: sound1 sound 2 cups grass buns garden lunch “tart — hat hot oe cat cot ax C ‘ot z7 i Pat P —” Unit 8 p clock `—x
First practise the sound @ (see page 12)
Trang 16Test Practice 2 (=) Dialogue Intonation Unit 8 0 (clock) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: I a) cat; Lộ) cot 2/a)sack; b) sock - 3 a) tap; (6) top 4@) Tammy; b) Tommy - 5 A) baddie; ) body
6 a) black; block po _ omror enw barry
Listen and repeat:
off got sorry often bottle holiday on want horrible
Onwash what’s wrong washing along job Mrs Bloggs popular
TV advertisement for “Onwash? oeoa 8
Voice A: What's wrong with you, Mrs Bloggs?
Mrs Bloggs: What's wrong with me? I want a holiday from this horrible job of washing socks!
Voice B: Voice C: Buy a bottle of ‘Onwash’, Mrs Bloggs!
‘Onwash’ is so soft and strong,
Voice D: You don’t want lots of hot water with ‘Onwash’ Voice A: <It’s not a long job with ‘Onwash’.>
woice Ẫ: Use ‘Onwash’ often
dice C: CYou won’t be sorry when you’ve got ‘ ?
Voice D: Everybody wants “Omivash"
Everybody: ‘Onwash’ is so popular! A suggestion sounds polite and friendly: Havea holiday, Mrs Bloggs 26 A command sounds less friendly: -~ Havea holiday, Mrs Bloggs ‘Competition Unit 9 9: (ball)
Stop washing, Mrs Bloggs Stop washing, Mrs Bloggs Don’t drop that pot, Mrs
Bloggs
Put it on the box, Mrs Bloggs Put it on the box, Mrs Bloggs
Don’t drop'that pot, Mrs Bloggs
Friendly or unfriendly?
Divide the class into two teams
The teacher reads the following sentences
Students take turns to decide if he’s friendly or unfriendly Score a point for each correct answer
Don't wash these socks - Don’t borrow Tom's watch
Don't go to the wrong office Don't go to the wrong restaurant Buy some binoculars
Put these socks in the box
Put it on top of the clock
Make the coffee hot Go to the hospital See a doctor Unit9 2: bai] (/- N `2 t= a) +O ` <> + J
First practise the sound p (see page 24) Then put the back of your tongue up ittle 9: is a long sound
Trang 17Unitg 9: (ball) Practice1 Listen and repeat: sound 2 Don Dawn cod cord cot caught pot port fox forks spots sports 28 ‘sound 1 Practice 2 Dialogue L=i no 2: (ball) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: I a) spots3x(b) sports: 7 2 fay pots yb) ports i 3 a) cod; (b)cord ~ 4 @)shoty b) short 5 (a) Rodj, b) roared 6 a) what 2y bì water Listen and repeat: - or Paul awful score towards airport four audience reporter
all forward forty
always George ’ walking footballer ‘the Roarers’ York A football match the score the goal the ball keeper J board | SCORE —) | Soarera 4 York $4 < a forward Ca 4 PE PT t/ sa a fallen footballer
Sports report from Channel 4
Announcer: This morning the Roarers football team arrived back from York Paul Short is our sports reporter, and he
was at the airport
Paul Short: Good morning This is Paul Short All the footballers are walking towards me Here’s George
Ball, the goalkeeper Good morning, George
Trang 18Practice 1 Unit 1o ở (book) Listen and repeat: 32 sound 1 pot cock god lock rock box sound 2 put cook good look rook books CARNE SAE Mo CB RUIN OR csảnggE vớ ivi bing - # ta OE 1 7 tip edge WS DR ato Ay hop ey s# L2 UO si: edhe Practice 2 [==] Dialogue L=) Intonation Unit 10 0ư (book) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: Awa & GW N Hm a) cock; b) cook a) lock; b) look aygod; b) good a) cod; b) could a) Poss; b) Puss
a) Brockhurst; b) Brookhurst wet Listen and repeat:
put full cookery books look woman shouldn’t you good bedroom didn’t you foot living-room Mr Cook could bookshelf A lost book Mr Cook: Mrs Cook: Mr Cook: Mrs Cook: Mr Cook: Mrs Cook: Mr Cook: Mrs Cook: Mr Cook: Woman! Could you tell me where you’ve put my book?
Isn’t it on the bookshelf?
No The bookshelf is full of your cookery books Then you should look in the bedroom, shouldn’t you? I’ve looked You took that book and put it somewhere, didn’t you?
The living-room?
No I’ve looked I’m going to put all my books in a box and lock it!
Look, Mr Cook! It’s on the floor next to your foot Ah! Good!
Question tags Listen and repeat:
Srould you? fould you? would he?
She couldn’t éook, ould she?
Trang 19Unit 11 u: (boot)
Practise in pairs:
Example: She couldn’t cook
A: She couldn’t cOdk, cOtld she? B: No, she cOuldn’t
1 He couldn't play football
2 You couldn't cook a cake without sugar
3 You wouldn't like to meet a bull 4 You wouldn’t like to meet a wolf
5 He shouldn’t put good books on the cooker 6 He shouldn't look at that woman
7 You couldn't cook a book
8 They shouldn't read these books Unit 11 u: boot
First practise the sound u again (see page 31)
& is a short sound
Trang 20Intonation
Unit 9 9: (ball)
George Ball: Good morning Are you a reporter?
Paul Short: Yes I’m from Channel 4 Please tell our audience " ~ “about the football match with York
George Ball: Well, it was awful We lost And the score was four, j F forty-four But it wasn’t my fault
Paul Short: Whose fault was it? George Ball: The forwards Paul Short: The forwards?
George Ball: Yes The forwards They were always falling down i or losing the ball! Surprise > Mr Short always plays football in the morning In the morning? : Mr Short? : Fưðtball? .x Always? moO w >
In this conversation B, C, D and E are all surprised by what A | : says B is surprised that he plays in the morning C is surprised
that Mr Short plays D is surprised that he plays football E is surprised that he always plays
Practise in pairs B must sound surprised about the part of the sentence in italics
Example:
Isaw Audrey at the airport A: Isaw Audrey at the airport
B: Atthe alzport?
A: Yes At the airport 1 I’ve put the ball in the drawer 2 It’s too warm to go walking 3 Dawn wrote a report in shorthand 4 George has bought forty-five forks
30
Unit 10 (book)
5 I'm going to buy a horse
6 You ought to get up at four in the morning 7 Isaw George when I was in New York “8 It’s your fault Unit 10 uw book s¿ › '© ⁄Z SS `—x
First practise the sound o (sec page 24)
Then put the back of your tongue forward and up a little u is a short sound
Trang 21Practice 1
Unit 10 & (book) Listen and repeat: 32 sound 1 pot cock god lock rock box sound 2 put cook good look rook books Att gts Nhưng: mm Practice 2 Dialogue ¬ Intonation
Unit 10 & (book)
Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1 5) cock; 6))cook
28) lock; b) look 7G god; b) good 44a) cod; b) could
5 (a) Poss; ‘b) Puss
6 a) Brockhurst; AQ) Brookhurst wet
Listen and repeat:
put full cookery books look woman shouldn’t you good bedroom didn’t you foot living-room Mr Cook
could bookshelf
A lost book
Mr Cook: Woman! Could you tell me where you’ve put my book?
Mrs Cook: Isn’t it on the bookshelf?
Mr Cook: No The bookshelf is full of your cookery books Mrs Cook: Then you should look in the bedroom, shouldn’t you? Mr Cook: I’ve looked.You took that book and put it somewhere,
didn’t you 2> Mrs Cook: The living-room?
Mr Cook: No I’ve looked I’m going to put all my books in a box and lock it!
Mrs Cook: Look, Mr Cook! It’s on the floor next to your foot Mr Cook: Ah! Good!
Question tags Listen and repeat:
should you? Could you? would he?
She couldn't Cook, éould she?
He wouldn't fook, would he?
Trang 22Unit 11 u: (boot) Practise in pairs:
Example: She couldn’t cook
A: She couldn't cOdk, cOtld she?
B: No, she cétildn’t
1 He couldn't play football
2 You couldn't cook a cake without sugar
3 You wouldn't like to meet a bull 4 You wouldn’t like to meet a wolf
$ Heshouldn’t put good books on the cooker 6 He shouldn’t look at that woman
7 You couldn't cook a book
Trang 23Practice 2
Dialogue
Stress
[=]
Uniti1 ou: (boot)
Listen and repeat: Sue Prue shoe threw June soup unit stupid — afternoon nuisance -hj Lp
excuse me Miss Luke
twenty-two chewing gum It was YOU! rude In a good school Miss Luke: Girls: Miss Luke: Prue: Miss Luke: Prue: Miss Luke: Prue: Miss Luke: Prue: June: Sue: June: Sue: June: Sue: Miss Luke: : Ww „
Ggod afternoon, girls
Good aftern¥on, Miss Luke Mr yy: This afterndon, we're going to learn how to cook sdtip Open your books at pnt twenty-two,
Excuse me, Miss Like
Yes, Prue? ;
vA /
There’s some chewin ig gum on your shoe g
Who threw their cheiving gum on the floor? Was it you, Prise? No, Miss Luke It was Jute Who? _ co ay June Cook l „ It wasn’t me, stupid It was Sue It was you!
It wasn’t me, you stupid fool My mouth’s full of
chewing gum Look, Miss Luke! "
Stop pulling my hair, June It was you!
you!
You! us Ụ - on
Excuse me! You’re being very rude You two nuisances can stay in school this afternoon instead of going to the swimming pool Read this conversation Make the stressed words louder : Excuse Yes? D> o> me
: Could you tell me where I can get some good shoelaces ? Yes There's a shop next to the supermarket that sells
very good shoelaces I’m going there too
Unit 12 3: (girl)
Practise in pairs Use the words below
Excuse me
Yes?
Could you tell me where I can get some good! Yes There' a shop next to the?2 that sells very good! , I'm going there too
Practise these words first:
shoelaces supermarket | toothpaste swimming pool football boots fruit shop chewing gum tool shop fruit juice wool shop cookery books newspaper stand Unit 12 :: girl | “ à
[z] Firt practise the sound s: (see page 27) ““” Then put your tongue forward and up a little
3: isa long sound
Trang 24Unit 12 3: (gir) Unit 12° 3: (girl)
Practice1 Listen and repeat: Practice 2 Listen and repeat:
Trang 25Unit 12 3s: (girl) Practice 3 Listen and repeat: [i sound1 sound 2 shut — shirt huts hurts bun burn bud bird bug berg gull girl re) SOHC CAE aR MAE a Practice 4 = Dialogue = Intonation Unit 12 3: (girl)
Ti ck the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1 @)\bed; b) bud; c) bird 2 An f W a) Ben’s; ib) buns; c) burns a) ward; 2 word a) walk; 6) work a) short; ) shirt a) or: 5 er xo Listen and repeat: er Herbert
sir Sherman worst skirts early Turner thirsty shirts world weren’t dirty nurse
Thursday colonel Burton Curse these nurses! The worst nurse
Sir Herbert: Nurse!
Colonel Burton: Nurse! I’m thirsty!
Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts!
Colonel Burton: NURSE!
Sir Herbert: Curse these nurses!
Colonel Burton: Nurse Sherman always wears such dirty shirts
Sir Herbert: And such short skirts
Colonel Burton: She never arrives at work early
Sir Herbert: She and .er Nurse Turner weren’t at
work on Thursday, were they? Colonel Burton: No, they weren’t
Sir Herbert: Nurse Sherman is the worst nurse in the ward, isn’t she?
Colonel Burton: No, she isn’t She’s the worst nurse in the world!
Trang 26Unit 13 9 (a camera) Practise in pairs
Example: We weren't early
A: We weren’t early, were we?
B: No, we weren’t
Example: You weren’t early
A: You weren’t early, were you?
B: No, I wasn’t
1 We weren’t the worst 2 You weren’t first
3 These girls weren’t German 4 The curtains weren’t dirty 5 We weren’t learning Turkish 6 These birds weren’t hers
7 These girls weren’t walking to work 8 You weren’t thirsty Unit 13 8 acamera ⁄ `
First make the sound a: (see page 37) This is a long sound
Then make it very short This is a 9 1s a very short sound 42 #, Ấ AERA Lạp in Unit 13 a (a camera)
We use the sound a in words and syllables that are not
important Practise these In the words on the right the spelling has been changed to show you when to make the sound a (i) Listen and repeat each one twice:
aphotographof 1 a photegraph ef Barbara Barbara a glass of water 2 feo 2 glass of wata a pair of binoculars 3 2 pair af binocules ng nản @ photagraph , d fathe, 7 of ha mothar and fatha an atner e book about South america a book about South America
(ii) Now cover the words on the left above and practise questions and answers
Example:
What’s in picture two?
Trang 27Practice 2
=
Unit 13 @ (a camera)
(iii) Listen and repeat:
Look at the clock What's the time?
Look at tha clock What's tha time?
It’s six o’clock It's six a’clock
It’s a quarter to seven
€) It's 9 quarta ta sevan
(iv) Now practise these
Example:
A: What's the time? B: It’s 9 quarta ta twelve
OOOOOOOG
Read this story aloud The spelling has been changed to show you when to make the sound a
Barbara spent Sataday aftanoon looking at a beautifal book about South america
‘| want ta go te South america,’ she said ta haself
Tha next morning, when Barbara woke up it was six a’clock,
and ha brothas and sistas we still asleep Barbara looked at
tham, and closed har eyes again
Then she quiatly got out of bed and started ta pack ha suitcase
She took same comfatable clothes out ef the cupbad She packed a pair.af binoculas and ha sista’s camara She packed a photagraph ef haself and one af ha mothar and fatha
‘I mustn't faget ta have same breakfast, she said ta haself Bat then she looked at tha clock It was @ quarta te seven
‘Vil jast drink a glass of wate,’ she said
‘a glass af wata,’ she said
Wate,’ she said, and opened har eyes 44 Test Dialogue Unit 13 @ (a camera) She was still in ha bed, and ha brothas and sistas wa laughing at ha
‘Tell as what you we dreaming about,’ they said ta ha
Bat Barbera didn’t answa She wes thinking about ha
wondsful journey ta South america Weak forms
Was she dreaming? Yes, she was
This is the sound a This is the strong form of ‘was’
This is the weak form of ‘was’ This is a different sound
Listen and repeat:
Was she thinking about South America?
Wo her brothers and sisters asleep ? Yes, she was Yes, they were
Da they like reading ? Yes, they do
Have you read about South America? Yes, I have
Des your friend like reading ? Yes, he does
am | talking to myself? Yes, lam
@ we working hard? Yes, we are
Has your friend been to South America? Yes, he has
Can you swim? Yes, can
Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1 @) has; b) has 2 a) can; b)can a) was; bywas a) does;b}des 5 an am; b) em 6 a) them; b) them wed Pw Shopping
Trang 28Unitiqg Review Unit 15 et (tail)
Reading Polly and Paul John: Did you fall into the pool, Pearl?
Pearl: No Polly and Paul pushed me into the pool, and that pool is full of dirty water
John: What did you do?
Pearl: I felt really foolish because my skirt was too long and I saw Mr Lukey looking at me
B: No Not that] supermarket | Not the one that’s next to t tobacconist’s cinema I mean the one that’s near the fruit sho swimming pool : A: Oh, yes Well, what do you want?
B: Some cigarettes and a| box of matches| and an envelope, John: What did Mr Lukey do?
cigars tin of sweets address bo Pearl: Mr Lukey was very good First he got a cord and threw it to me Then he pulled me out of the pool
John: Hm Polly and Paul Pll talk to these two They’re the worst children in the world Perhaps I’ll lock them in their rooms Unit 14 Review for an hour or two
1 2 3 4 5
vy 9: u' U: 3: 4
Polly Paul pull pool Pearl folly fall full 2 fool furl
cod cord could’, cooed curd : 2 what 6 ward would wooed“ ~*~; word Unit 15 e1 tail
⁄Z >
Listening When you hear one of these words or sounds, say which practice number itis
Examples:
D Pearl
Students: sound 1 Students: sound $ — ) g
Now look at the words below:
The words on the left have the sound a here Listen and repeat: a 1 ¥ Le fee # $ $ at look at it of full of it "— -
to them talk ta tham
the the pool This has two sounds: e and 1 (see pages 9 and 6)
a a cord First make the sound e
an or en hour 3 two Now make it longer: eee
was it was too long Then add1 This is very short
and Polly and Paul eeel
47
Trang 29Practice 1 dix SSD Unit 15 er (tail) Listen and repeat: sound 1 pen shed tell wet test pepper sound 2 pain shade % Dialogue tail = - = wait 2S # Ỷ _Intonation Unit 15 ex (tail)
Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1 a) pen; b) pain 4 a) let; b) late
2 a) shed; b) shade 5 a}letter; b) later
3 a) pepper; b) paper 6 a) get; b) gate
Listen and repeat:
Hey! made late say afraid waiting Mr Grey train eight-eight may timetable station they ages Baker Street today changed April railway
At the railway station
(Mr Grey is waiting at the railway station for a train.)
Mr Grey: Hey! This train’s late! I’ve been waiting here for ages
Porter: Which train, sir?
Mr Grey: The 8.18 to Baker Street
Porter: The 8.18? I’m afraid you’ve made a mistake, sir Mr Grey: A mistake? My timetable says: Baker Street train — 8.18
Porter: Ohno, sir The Baker Street train leaves at 8.08
Mr Grey: At 8.08?
Porter: You see, sir, they changed the timetable at the end of April It’s the first of May today
Mr Grey: Changed it? May I see the new timetable? What does it say?
Trang 30
Unit 16 ar (fine) Unit 16 at (fine) Practice1 Listen and repeat: sound1 sound2 —_ ay De To Spain? She’s eighty-eight? Practise in pairs Example:
It’s the eighth of April bar buy A: It’s the eighth of April
B: The eighth? 1 It’s the eighth of May
2 Yes It’s Mrs Grey’s birthday today
3 Yes She’s eighty-eight st 4 Yes And she’s going away for a holiday star sty 5 That’s right And she’s going by plane
6 Well, it’s a bit dangerous at her age, but she wants to go to Spain 7 That’s right Why don’t you go with her? dam dine Unit 16 ar fine = lark like Ễ cart kite lz
This has two sounds: a: and 1 Š First practise the sound a: (see page 19) :
This is a long sound by h heigh Now add 1 (see page 6) Ễ eart height
This is a short sound =F
al Š
Trang 31Test Practice 2 Dialogue Unit 16 ar (fine) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: I {a)cart; b) kite 2 a) darning; 6)dining 3 ‘a)star; b) sty 4 a) laugh ;:b) life 5 a) hard; b) hide 6 a) Pa; b) pie xt Listen and repeat:
I'm Myra ice tonight "Bye Violet nice all right time riding like type mind climbing Mike typist
Miles ninety-nine Nigel typewriter
Mike, Myra and Violet
(Myra and Violet are typists in the library.) Myra: (smiling) Hello, Mike!
Mike: Hello, Myra Hello, Violet !<You’re looking nice, Violet.> (silence) Mike: Would you like some ice-cream, Violet?
Violet: (No thanks, Mike ’m busy typing Talk to me some other time I have ninety-nine pages to type by Friday Mike: Never mind Do you like riding, Violet?
Violet: Sometimes
Mike: Would you like to come riding with me tonight, Violet? Violet :<Not tonight, Mike I’m going for a drive with Nigel” Mike: What about Friday ?
Violet: I’m going climbing with Miles Mike: Hm! Oh, all right Bye!
Myra: Violet, he’s put something behind your typewriter Violet: Is it something nice, Myra?
Myra: No It’s a spider da xế V7 Y rẽ vẽ #l đc pc e Ưnít17 91 (boy) Practise the words below, then use them in the dialogue in pairs flying driving climbing : Do you like ? Yes It’s quite exciting
: Would you like to come with me on Friday? : Not Friday Some other time _ice skating horse riding bicycle riding D> D> Si IRIPRRE Ee acc Ue l SE 1Á 0H 139A0081)/En+ inteUnit 17 2¡ boy ee ‘ † (Sy Z N SS ) This has two sounds: 9: and1 (see pages 27 and 6) First say 9:
Trang 32Unit 17 91 (bo
y) Unit 17 91 (boy)
Practice1 Listen and re “at: peat: woe
Test Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:
sound1 “sound 2 I a) com; ‘b coin 46)aw; b) oi
2 a) bawling; ‘b))boiling 5 a) bore; :by boy 3 \a}aH; b) oil 6-a)all; b) oil ro
all oil ,
Practice2 Listen and repeat:
toy annoying Joyce
enjoy boiling voice noisiest pointing Rolls Royce — destroyed spoilt boyfriend me SÁT Nhấn CƯ ẾN ti
{Dialogue Joyce’s Rolls Royce
(=] (Joyce takes her Rolls Royce to the garage.) Garage boy: What a terrible noise
Joyce: Eh?
Garage boy: (raising his voice) WHAT A TERRIBLE NOISE! This is the noisiest Rolls Royce I’ve ever heard Joyce: (pointing) It’s out of oil
Garage boy: Out of oil? And look! The water’s boiling Madam, a Rolls Royce isn’t a toy Perhaps you’ve spoilt the motor or.even destroyed it
Joyce: How annoying! While you’re changing the oil, I'll go and visit my boyfriend, Roy ball boi es corn coin Stress Listen and repeat: L=] a loud voice a spoilt boy an awful noise a noisy toy an annoying voice TAY Tee RE RIN, tegen RM HEI a tore toy Practise in pairs: Example: A: That voice is very loud, isn’t it? jaw Jo
Joy B: Yes, it’s a loud voice
1 That boy is very spoilt
54
Trang 33Unit 18 Review
2 That noise is really awful 3 That toy is very noisy 4 That boy is very noisy 5 That noise is very annoying = -.N\ z ny, ta Au Unit 18 Listening Practice ¬ 1) 2 € | ì Review Ape sẻ 3 7 1 2 3 di Ta er al a $j ⁄
bay buy boy
ale“ isle oil
paint pint point
race rice Royce ©
When you hear one of these words or sounds, say which number it is Examples: al Students: sound 2 boy Students: sound 3 56 Reading Uni tig aw (house) A painting of a boy Jay: Joy: Do you like painting? Yes I’m trying to paint a boy lying beside a lake Do you like it?
Jay: Hm Why don’t you buy some oil paints? Joy: Idon’t enjoy painting with oils
Jay: Your painting is quite nice, but why are you painting the boy’s face grey? Joy: (pointing) It isn’t grey It’s white | Unit 19 av house đ h ~~ Ze—\ ị „ <5 ` ` _
This has two sounds
First practise the sound œ (see page 12) Now add u (see page 31) This is very short
a0
Trang 34Practice 1 Unit 19 av (house) Listen and repeat: sound 1 car bar bra grass arch sound 2 cow bow brow grouse ouch Dialogue =i Unit 19 av (house) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1⁄a),car; b) cow 2:3) grass; b) grouse 3 a) bra; ‘6) brow 4.a)ha; b) how 5 a) ah;.b) ow!
6 a) tarn; &) town %8
Listen and repeat:
Ow! ground out our
now Brown mouse ours
town lounge house our house found loudly shouting
round upside-down couch A mouse in the house ——< Mrs Brown: Mr Brown: Mrs Brown: Mr Brown: Mrs Brown: Mr Brown: Mrs Brown: Mr Brown: Mrs Brown: Mr Brown: so
(shouting loudly) ’'VE FOUND A MOUSE! Ow! You're shouting too loudly Sit down and don’t shout (sitting down) I’ve found a mouse in the house A brown mouse? Yes A little round mouse It’s running around in the lounge On the ground? Yes It’s under the couch now
Well, get it out
How?
Turn the couch upside-down Get it out somehow
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Unit 19 ao (house) Unit 20 sơ (phone)
Stress Example 1: Match these pictures with the correct numbers: a) Sit down Nath aie ale Sr Mh dày b) c)
Listen and repeat: # QO
1 He's sitting down : ==—¬ €~
2 He’s lying down Hà 8 Ũ 3 He standing up 4
SH 4 He's turning round
5 He’s shouting out ẵ 4) e)
6 He's running around eRe
Match these pictures with the correct numbers: i a a b Cc =e ee _ 15+ 735235 d) e) f) , nit20 su phone & TC z ¬ 6 & | | tra Tv ¬ <=> Example 2: : | lĂ 8 <= Get it out : ) x Le
Listen and repeat: z
1 Put it down i [==] This has two sounds: @ and u (see pages 42 and 31)
2 Take it out - om" First say a
Trang 36Unit 20 av (phone) Practice 1 Unit 20 eo (phone)
Listen and repeat: : i Listen and repeat:
Trang 37Test Practice 3 = Dialogue (=) Practice 4 ¬ Unit 20 au (phone) Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear: 1 a) cork; b) coke 2 a) fern; b) phone a) or; b) Oh! a) ball; b) bowl a) burn; b) bone a) walk; b) work c) woke wet An — CG›
Listen and repeat:
Oh! know don’t joking no throw Joan woke Joe snow groans coat
go over closed OK
ago nose Jones
window hello October
Snow in October
(Joe Jones is sleeping, but Joan woke up a few minutes ago.) Joan: Joe! Joe! JOE! Hello!
Joe: (groans) Oh! What is it, Joan? Joan: Look out of the window
Joe: No My eyes are closed, and I’m going to go to sleep again Joan: Don’t go to sleep, Joe Look at the snow!
Joe: Snow? But it’s only October I know there’s no snow Joan: Come over to the window, Joe
Joe: You're joking, Joan There’s no snow
Joan: OK I'll put my coat on and go out and make a snowball and throw it at your nose, Joe Jones!
Listen and repeat:
old hole bowl
cold hold stole
sold told gold
In this list five words rhyme with ‘old’, and two words rhyme
with ‘hole’ Which words are they? Unit 21 Review Y Clues Across: I only 2 don’t 3 know 4 Joe $ bdlow
Trang 38Unit 22 1a (beer) Unit 22 10 (beer)
Reading The J ones’s house Practice1 Listen and repeat:
Mr Brown: Excuse me Do you know where the Jones’s house is? = [=]
Anold man: Yes It’s over that mountain along a very narrow 3 sound! sound2
road
Mr Brown: Oh Is it outside the town?
E ear
Oldman: Yes It’s south of the town You go past the hotel The Jones’s house has brown windows, and there are yellow roses growing round the windows ` 4, vada AIM WEG rửa bee beer _Unit22 1e beer : tea tear SB Se “ˆ N ta ow — O bead beard Q Aw ? <==> —~/- /
Trang 39Test Practice 2 ¬ Dialogue (=) Unit 22 10 (beer) Tick the words you Tecognise in the sentences you hear: I a) bee; (b) beer VO? yO TI " 2(a)'tea; b) tear a * r ee "m ‘
3á &) bead; b) beard © VE
4 a)pea; b) pier 2 | a denis, vụ i fe s a)E’s; b)ears se ar
6 a) Dee; 'bỳ dear reo _¬ Listen and repeat:
Lear year Cheers! Austria
here idea nearly windier hear atmosphere bearded easier dear mountaineer disappeared
clear
A bearded mountaineer
(Mr and Mrs Lear are on holiday in Austria.)
MrLear: Let’s have a beer here, dear
Mrs Lear: What a good idea! They have very good beer here We came here last year
Mr Lear: The atmosphere here is very clear Mrs Lear: And it’s windier than last year
Mr Lear: (speaking to the waiter) Tivo beers, please Mrs Lear: Look, dear! Look at that mountaineer drinking beer Mr Lear: His beard is in his beer
Mrs Lear: His beard has nearly disappeared into his beer! Mr Lear: Sh, dear! He might hear
Waiter: (bringing the beer) Here you are, sir Tivo beers Mr Lear: (drinking his beer) Cheers, dear!
Mrs Lear: Cheers! Here’s to the bearded mountaineer! 68 lor i Geo Unit23 ea (chair) ‘r’ not pronounced Listen and repeat: Here they are
Here’s the beer I can hear Mr Lear Mr Lear calls her ‘dear’
He’s a mountaineer
‘r’ pronounced Listen and repeat: Here are all the books NY NY
The beer is here on the table 7 WY He can hear us too
Dearold Mrs Lear is here 3 in the
kitchen
A mountaineer always drinks
beer in the mountains RABE aE AO IEE SEA oe ‘Ager AN Ss DÁN, MA TẾMPVUỆ MN09010010/80940141E7 Unit 23 eo chair am] This has two sounds
First practise the sound e (see page 9) Now make it longer
Now add ea (see page 42)
e2
Trang 40Unit 23 ea (chair) Practicef Listen and repeat: =) sound 1 ear beer pier hear tear Cheers! bear Ke S pear hair tear chairs a aa ORR RE PR REO RR oa BEE aR VỆ AERA oye cere RoM te Fy: OR RS aR eg bie eee AN CUE Ries Practice 2 =] Dialogue [=] £ Joining words ¬ nit23 ea (chair)
Tick the words you recognise in the sentences you hear:
1 {a/cheers; b) chairs 2 xŠ cơ Ác
2 a) beer; tb) bear 3 @)pier; b) pear
4/a)here; b)har XS 0 ae
5 a) dear; b) Dare 7 beer ey te Lhe
6 a) clear; (b) Claire wet Listen and repeat:
Claire there nowhere pair _they’re any where
chair wearing every where
square Mary upstairs and downstairs where hairbrushes carefully
A pair of hairbrushes
Mary: I’ve lost two small hairbrushes, Claire They’re a pair Claire: Have you looked carefully everywhere?
Mary: Yes They’re nowhere here Claire: Have you looked upstairs?
Mary: Yes I’ve looked everywhere upstairs and downstairs They aren’t anywhere
Claire: Hm! Are they square, Mary?
Mary: Yes They’re square hairbrushes Have you seen them anywhere ?
Claire: Well, you’re wearing one of them in your hair! Mary: Oh! Then where’s the other one?
Claire: It’s over there under the chair
‘r’ not pronounced ‘r’ pronounced Listen and repeat: Listen and repeat: Claire Claire and Mary
* ~
a pair a pair of shoes a square chair a square envelope It’s there There it is
They’re here They’re under a table We «“ I've looked everywhere for them I've looked everywhete in