Bài này cung cấp cho người học kiến thức về tên gọi bằng tiếng Anh của các thiết bị điện, điện tử, điện lạnh trong gia đình; tên tiếng Anh của các linh kiện điện tử và ý nghĩa tiếng Anh
ELECTRONICS IN THE HOME
TUNING
Task 1: Make a list of things in your house which use electronics Compare your list with that of another group.
Task 2: Find out the meaning of these abbreviations a) AC b) DC c) CD d) hifi e) HVAC
Task 3: Read quickly through the text below Underline any items mentioned in the list you made in Task 1
The advent of electronics in the early twentieth century was marked by the invention of the vacuum tube, leading to the creation of everyday devices such as radios, televisions, record players, and tape recorders Initially, these electronic devices were large and consumed significant amounts of power.
The invention of the transistor in 1947 revolutionized technology by enabling the creation of smaller, low-powered devices This innovation led to the widespread adoption of various electronic gadgets, including hi-fi units and portable radios, making them common fixtures in households.
Microelectronics emerged in 1958 with the invention of integrated circuits (ICs) on silicon chips, significantly boosting the prevalence of electronics in daily life The advent of the microprocessor enabled the control of various common processes through electronic means.
Microprocessors play a crucial role in controlling a variety of household appliances, including automatic washing machines, dishwashers, and food processors Additionally, electronic timers enhance the functionality of devices like digital alarm clocks and microwave ovens Modern telephones utilize advanced electronics for features such as automatic dialing and answering machines Furthermore, innovative entertainment devices, including video recorders and CD players, have emerged, showcasing the impact of electronics in everyday life.
In the future, electronics are likely to become even more common in the home as multimedia entertainment systems and computer controlled robots are developed
Task 4: Fill in the gaps in this table with the help of the text
Date Invention Applications in the home Early 20th century transistor
Task 5: Make a list of ways in which you think electronics may be used in the home in the future.
READING FOR A PURPOSE
In the field of electronics, it is essential to interpret both texts and diagrams effectively The ability to synthesize information from these two sources is crucial for understanding electronic concepts This article presents an overview of two common types of diagrams utilized in electronics.
Task 6: Read the text below to find the answers to these questions:
1 What do we call the two types of diagrams shown in the text?
2 What do we call the approach to electronics which focuses on the function of units?
UNDERSTANDING ELECTRONIC DIAGRAMS
Electronic devices, despite their complex appearance, consist of fundamental units known as 'building blocks' that are interconnected Each unit's function and the signal pathways between them can be illustrated through a block diagram, such as the one depicting a simple radio.
Figure 1.1 The block diagram of a simple radio
Understanding how a radio functions requires a focus on the role of each unit rather than the specific components involved, which is referred to as a systems approach to electronics For instance, the tuner is responsible for selecting the desired signal, the detector extracts the audio portion of that signal, and the audio frequency (AF) amplifier boosts the audio output.
The connections and values of the components inside these basic units can be shown in a circuit diagram using standard electronic symbols Fig 1.2 shows the circuit diagram forthe simple radio
Figure 1.2 The circuit diagram for the simple radio
Task 7: How many of the circuit symbols in the figure below can you identify? Use the Appendix on page 95 to help you.
LANGUAGE STUDY DESCRIBING BLOCK DIAGRAMS AND CIRCUITS
Look again at Fig 1 above We can describe it like this:
The radio consists of a tuner, a detector, and an AF amplifier
Or we can describe it like this:
The radio is composed of a tuner, a detector, and an AF amplifier
Using comprise, we can start our description with the block:
A tuner, a detector, and an AF amplifier comprise the radio
We can describe the links between each building block using these expression:
The tunner is connected to the detector
The tunner is linked to the detector
Look again at Fig 2 We can describe the values of the components like this:
R1: a two-hundred-and-twenty-kilohm resistor
Task 8: Describe the value of these components:
This table provides the terms you need
Prefix Symbol Multiple Example giga G 10 9 GHz gigahertz mega M 10 6 MΩ megohms kilo k 10 3 kV kilovolts deci d 10 -1 dB decibels milli m 10 -3 mW milliwatts micro à 10 -6 uH microhenries nano n 10 -9 nF nanofarads pico P 10 -12 pF picofarads
Now look at the basic units of the circuit, we can describe the volume control like this:
The volume control circuit features a ten-microfarad electrolytic capacitor in series with a five-kilohm potentiometer The capacitor's positive terminal connects to the output of the AF amplifier, while the potentiometer's wiper links to the power amplifier Additionally, the third terminal of the potentiometer is grounded to the zero voltage supply rail.
Task 9: Fill in the gaps in this description of the tuned circuit shown in Fig 2 Each gap represents one word
The circuit features a 472 microhenry inductor connected in parallel with a 3 microfarad capacitor, allowing the tuning range to vary between 5 and 65 The aerial connects to the top end of the tuner and links to the positive terminal of the detector Additionally, the bottom end of the tuner is grounded through the zero voltage rail.
SPEAKING PRACTICE
Task 10: Work in pairs, A and B Complete your circuit diagram with help from your partner
What kind of component is P1?
What is connected between the collector of Q2 and the positive side of the battery?
If you don’t understand your partner, say:
I’m sorry, I don’t understand Could you say that again, please?
Could you speak more slowly?
If your partner doesn’t understand you at first, try phrasing your answer in a different way For example:
It’s a variable resistor It’s a resistor which you can vary or change by turning the control It’s called a variable resistor
WRITING: DESCRIBING DIAGRAMS
With the help of the diagram, fill in the gaps in the description below Each gap represents one word The description should answer these questions:
1 What is the diagram of?
2 What does it consist of in terms of blocks?
3 How are the blocks connected?
4 What is the function of each block?
Figure 1.3 The block diagram of an amplitude-modulated (AM) radio transmitter
The block diagram of an amplitude-modulated (AM) radio transmitter includes several key components: a radio frequency (RF) oscillator, an audio frequency (AF) amplifier, and an RF power amplifier The RF oscillator is responsible for generating the radio frequency signal essential for modulation.
RF 4 wave which is fed into the modulator
The microphone converts sounds into audio frequency signals which are amplified by the AF 5 The modulator then uses the amplified AF 6 to modulate the RF carrier wave
The RF amplifier enhances the power of the modulated carrier wave, producing strong output signals These robust signals are then transmitted over long distances, ensuring effective communication.
SAFETY AT WORK
TUNING IN
Task 1: What do these warning labels mean? Match each label to the correct warning
3 High voltage 6 Arc flash 9 Battery charging area a b c
Task 2: List some of the potential dangers in your laboratory, workshop, or place of work How is the risk of these hazards reduced?
Task 3: Read the warning labels below and translate to vietnamese
Read and understand operator's manual before using this machine
ANY SWITCH ELECTRIAN AT WORK
Task 4: Study the safety instructions from a workshop below, and then answer these questions a Who are the instructions for? b Who wrote them? c What was the writer's purpose?
1 Wear protective clothing at all times
2 Always wear eye protection when operating lathes, cutters, and grinders and ensure the guard is in place
4 The areas between benches and around machines must be kept clear
5 Tools should be put away when not in use and any breakages and losses reported,
6 Machines should be cleaned after use
READING: UNDERSTANDING THE WRITER’S PURPOSE
Understanding the writer's purpose, identity, and target audience is essential for comprehending a text In Task 3, the safety instructions aim to promote safety awareness among employees and minimize accident risks The author is likely a supervisor or safety officer, with machine operatives as the intended readers This context aids in deciphering any unclear sections of the text.
Task 5: Study the company document on safety on the text, and then answer these questions
In the event of an accident causing injury or damage to equipment and materials, it is essential for the immediate manager to conduct a prompt investigation A written preliminary report must be finalized by the end of the shift or business day in which the incident took place.
Delays exceeding 24 hours are unacceptable and may result in disciplinary action, including termination, for the immediate manager responsible.
Without adequate accident investigation data the Company may be subjected to costs, claims, and legal action for which it has no defence
As a minimum, the preliminary accident investigation report will include the following:
1 Name, occupation, and sex of injured worker
2 Place and date /time of accident
3 Description of how the accident happened
4 Immediate causes of the accident - unsafe acts and unsafe conditions
5 Contributing causes - manager safety performance, level of worker training, inadequate job procedure, poor protective maintenance, etc
6 Witness(es) - name and department
Following an incident, it is crucial to interview the injured employee and any witnesses promptly A report detailing the incident must be submitted to the Human Resources Manager for review, while an additional copy should be kept for a minimum duration of the injured employee's employment plus five years.
1 Who is this document for? a) Machine operatives b) Managers c) All employees d) Injured employees
2 Who wrote this document? a) Trade union representative b) Technician c) Manager d) Medical staff
3 What is the writer’s intention? a) To prevent accidents b) To ensure speedy help for injured employees c) To protect the company d) To warn about dangers
Task 6: Study this brief report of an accident In which points does it not meet company policy on reporting accidents?
To: Name Departments Location Date
From: Name Department& Location Tel
Subject Preliminary Report, Accident, 12 May
Last week, machinist Kenneth Oliver suffered an eye injury while turning a brass component He was subsequently taken to the Eye Hospital for surgery Preliminary assessments suggest that the incident may have resulted from carelessness.
LANGUAGE STUDY: MAKING SAFETY RULES
What are the differences in meaning between these statements?
3 Protective clothing must be worn
We can make safety rules in these ways:
Do not wear loose-fitting clothing
2 Always/never are used to emphasize that the rule holds in all cases
Never wear loose-fitting clothing
3 We can use a modal verb for emphasis
Protective clothing must be worn
Protective clothing should be worn
Task 7: Study this list of unsafe environmental conditions (hazards) Write safety rules to limit these hazards using the methods given above For example: inadequate lighting
Lighting must be adequate or Lighting should be adequate
11 Equipment operated by untrained personnel
WRITING: WAYS OF LINKING IDEAS
Effective writing involves various forms such as describing, explaining, arguing, persuading, or complaining, all of which rely on clear ideas To enhance the effectiveness of our writing, it is crucial to ensure that readers can easily follow these ideas A key strategy for achieving this clarity is to establish strong connections between the ideas presented in the text.
What are the links between these pairs of ideas? What words can we use to mark the links?
1 Mechanisms are important to us
2 They allow us to travel
3 Mechanisms deliver the power to do work
4 They play a vital role in industry
Sentence 2 is a reason for sentence 1 We can link 1 and 2 like this:
Mechanisms are important to us because/since/as they allow us to travel
Sentence 4 is the result of sentence 3 We can link 3 and 4 like this:
Mechanisms deliver the power to do work so they play a vital role in industry Mechanisms deliver the power to do work; therefore they play a vital role in industry
Sentence 6 contrasts with sentence 5 We can link 5 and 6 like this:
Friction is sometimes a help but it is often a hindrance
Task 8: Show the links between these sets of ideas using appropriate linking words
It is used for electric wiring
2 Weight is measured in newtons
Mass is measured in kilograms
3 Nylon is used for bearings
4 ABS has high impact strength
It is used for safety helmets,
5 Friction is essential in brakes
Friction is a nuisance in an engine
To enhance the effectiveness of our writing, it is crucial to ensure that readers can easily follow our ideas We have discovered the importance of clearly marking reasons, results, and contrasts within our text.
What are the links between these ideas? What words can we use to mark the links?
3 The supervisor was not present
Sentence 2 is a reason for sentence 1 Sentence 3 is an additional reason We can mark the links between them like this:
The accident happened because of the operator's carelessness In addition/moreover, the supervisor was not present
We use because of to introduce a reason which is a noun or noun phrase We use in addition and moreover to introduce an additional reason
What are the links between these ideas? What words can we use to mark the links?
4 Suitable protection should be worn
5 Safety helmets should be used where there is a danger of falling objects
Sentence 5 is an example to illustrate sentence 4 We can mark this in this way:
Suitable protection should be worn For example/For instance, safety helmets should be used where there is a danger of falling objects
Task 9: Show the links between these sets of ideas using appropriate linking words
It is important that all workers receive training in basic safety
3 Eye injuries can be serious
Goggles must be worn for grinding and cutting
4 Safety gloves provide protection for the hands
They reduce the danger of cuts
5 Safety shoes protect the feet against falling objects
They prevent the feet getting caught in machinery
6 Respirators should be worn in dusty conditions
Dust can damage the lungs
7 Safety gear exists for every danger
Each year people are injured
They refuse or forget to wear the right gear.
READING: AIR CONDITIONER INSTALLATION PRECAUTION
To prevent injury to the user or other people and property damage, the following instructions must be followed
Incorrect operation due to ignoring instruction will cause harm or damage
Before servicing the unit, be sure to read this service manual at first
Do not use a defective or underrated circuit breaker Use this appliance on a dedicated circuit There is risk of fire or electric shock
For electrical work, contact the dealer, seller, a qualified electrician, or an authorized service center Do not disassemble or repair the product, there is risk of fire or electric shock
Always ground the product There is risk of fire or electric shock
Install the panel and the cover of control box securely There is risk of fire of electric shock
Always install a dedicated circuit and breaker Improper wiring or installation may cause electric shock
Use the correctly rated breaker of fuse There is risk of fire or electric shock
Do not modify or extend the power cable There is risk of fire or electric shock
Do not install, remove, or reinstall the unit by yourself (customer) There is risk of fire, electric shock, explosion, or injury
Be caution when unpacking and installing the product Sharp edges could cause injury, be especially careful of the case edges and the fins on the condenser and evaporator
For installation, always contact the dealer or an authorized service center
Do not install the product on a defective installation stand
Be sure the installation area does not deteriorate with age If the base collapses, the air conditioner could fall with it, causing property damage, product failure, and personal injury
Do not let the air conditioner run for a long time when the humidity is very high and a door or a window is left open
Take care to ensure that power cable could not be pulled out or damaged during operation There is risk of fire or electric shock
Do not place anything on the power cable There is risk of fire or electric shock
Do not plug or unplug the power supply plug during operation There is risk of fire or electric shock
Do not touch (operation) the product with wet hands
Do not place a heater or other appliance near the power cable There is risk of fire and electric shock
Do not allow water to run into electrical parts It may cause fire, failure of the product, or electric shock
Do not store or use flammable gas or combustible near the product There is risk of fire or failure of product
Do not use the product in a tightly closed space for a long time Oxygen deficiency could occur
When flammable gas leaks, turn off the gas and open a window for ventilation before turning the product on
If strange sounds or smoke comes from product, turn the breaker off or disconnect the power supply cable There is risk of electric shock or fire
During a storm or hurricane, it is crucial to stop operation and close the window If feasible, remove any products from the window ahead of the hurricane's arrival to minimize the risk of property damage, product failure, or electric shock.
For safety reasons, avoid opening the inlet grill of the product while it is in operation, and do not touch the electrostatic filter if your unit has one Failure to follow these precautions may result in physical injury, electric shock, or potential product failure.
When the product is soaked, contact an authorized service center There is risk of fire or electric shock
Be cautious that water could not enter the product There is risk of fire, electric shock, or product damage
Ventilate the product from time to time when operating it together with a stove etc There is risk of fire or electric shock
Turn the main power off when cleaning or maintaining the product There is risk of electric shock
To prevent potential product damage, failure, or unintended operation, it is essential to disconnect the power supply plug or turn off the breaker when the product is not in use for an extended period.
Take care to ensure that nobody could step on or fall onto the outdoor unit This could result in personal injury and product damage
Always check for gas (refrigerant) leakage after installation or repair of product Low refrigerant levels may cause failure of product
Install the drain hose to ensure that water is drained away properly A bad connection may cause water leakage
Keep level even when installing the product It can avoid vibration of water leakage
Do not install the product where the noise or hot air from the outdoor unit could damage the neighborhoods It may cause a problem for your neighbors
Use two or more people to lift and transport the product
Do not install the product where it will be exposed to sea wind (salt spray) directly
It may cause corrosion on the product Corrosion, particularly on the condenser and evaporator fins, could cause product malfunction or inefficient operation
Do not expose the skin directly to cool air for a long time (Do not sit in the draft)
This consumer air conditioner is not designed for specialized uses, such as food preservation or protecting artworks Using it for these purposes poses a risk of property damage or loss.
Do not block the inlet or outlet of air flow
Use a soft cloth to clean Do not use harsh detergents, solvents, etc There is risk of fire, electric shock, or damage to the plastic parts of the product
Do not touch the metal parts of the product when removing the air filter They are very sharp
Do not step on or put anything on the product (outdoor units)
To ensure optimal performance of your air conditioner, always secure the filter properly and clean it every two weeks, or more frequently if needed A dirty filter not only decreases efficiency but can also lead to potential malfunctions or damage to the unit.
Do not insert hands or other objects through air inlet or outlet while the product is operated
Do not drink the water drained from the product
Use a firm stool or ladder when cleaning or maintaining the product Be careful and avoid personal injury
To ensure safety and optimal performance, always replace all batteries in your remote control with new ones of the same type Avoid mixing old and new batteries or using different types, as this can pose a risk of fire or explosion.
Do not recharge or disassemble the batteries Do not dispose of batteries in a fire They may burn of explode
If the liquid from the batteries gets onto your skin or clothes, wash it well with clean water Do not use the remote of the batteries have leaked.
REFRIGERATOR
READING: DEALING WITH UNFAMILIAR WORDS
Refrigerators are essential appliances that operate by removing heat from their interior to keep food and beverages cold They utilize a refrigeration cycle, which involves the evaporation and condensation of a refrigerant, to maintain low temperatures Understanding how refrigerators work can help users optimize their efficiency and prolong their lifespan.
Refrigeration effectively preserves food by reducing its temperature, which in turn slows the growth and reproduction of microorganisms like bacteria, as well as the enzymatic actions that lead to food spoilage.
When encountering terms like micro-organisms, bacteria, or enzymes, which are not commonly used in engineering, consider whether understanding these words is essential for grasping the functioning of refrigerators Instead of immediately searching for definitions or translations, reflect on their relevance to the topic at hand.
You can ignore unfamiliar words which do not help you to achieve your reading purpose
Task 2: Now read the text to check your explanation of how a refrigerator works
Ignore any unfamiliar words which will not help you to achieve this purpose
Refrigeration effectively preserves food by reducing its temperature, which inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms like bacteria, as well as slowing down enzymatic activity that leads to food spoilage.
Refrigeration operates on three fundamental principles: First, heating a liquid transforms it into a gas, which can revert to a liquid upon cooling Second, expanding a gas results in a temperature drop, while compressing it causes an increase in temperature Lastly, reducing the pressure surrounding a liquid facilitates its boiling process.
To maintain a consistently low temperature inside the refrigerator, heat is removed from the interior and expelled outside This process relies on a refrigerant, which circulates throughout the fridge, experiencing fluctuations in pressure and temperature as it transitions between liquid and gas states.
R12, a refrigerant made of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine, has a low boiling point of -29°C and rapidly converts to gas at room temperature (around 20°C) However, it is being phased out in favor of more environmentally friendly alternatives like KLEA 134a.
The refrigeration process starts with the compressor, which compresses gas and raises its temperature This heated gas is then pumped into a zigzag-shaped condenser for further cooling.
As the warm gas passes through the condenser, it heats the surroundings and cools down By the time it leaves the condenser, it has condensed back into a liquid
Liquid leaving the condenser has to flow down a very narrow tube (a capillary tube) This prevents liquid from leaving the condenser too quickly, and keeps it at a high pressure - Paragraph 6
As the liquid transitions from the narrow capillary tube to the wider tubes of the evaporator, a rapid drop in pressure occurs, causing the liquid to vaporize and expand while cooling This cold vapor then absorbs heat from the refrigerator before being drawn back into the compressor, restarting the cycle.
The compressor is switched on and off by a thermostat, a device 8 that regulates temperature, so that the food is not over-frozen - Paragraph 8
LANGUAGE STUDY: PRINCIPLES AND LAWS
Study these extracts from the text above What kind of statements are they?
1 If a liquid is heated, it changes to a gas or vapour
2 If a gas is allowed to expand, it cools down
3 If a gas is compressed, it heats up
Each consists of an action followed by a result For example:
Action Result a liquid is heated it changes to a gas or vapour
These statements are principles They describe things in science and engineering which are always true The action is always followed by the same result
If/When (action - present tense), (result - present tense)
Task 3: Link each action in column A with a result from column B to describe an important engineering principle
1 a liquid is heated a it heats up
2 a gas is cooled b there is an equal and opposite reaction
3 a gas expands c it changes to a gas
4 a gas is compressed d it extends in proportion to the force
5 a force is applied to a body e it is transmitted equally throughout the fluid
6 a current passes through a wire f a current is induced in a wire
7 a wire cuts a magnetic field g it cools down
8 pressure is applied to the surface of an enclosed fluid h its sets up a magnetic field around the wire
9 a force is applied to a spring i it changes to a liquid
WORD STUDY VERBS AND RELATED NOUNS
Task 4: Each of the verbs in column A has a related noun ending in -er or -or in column B Complete the blanks You have studied these words in this and earlier units Use a dictionary to check any spellings which you are not certain about
WRITING: DESCRIBING A PROCESS
Study this diagram It describes the refrigeration process
When we write about a process, we have to:
3 Describe what happens at each stage
4 Explain what happens at each stage
For example: sequence location description explanation
The refrigeration process begins in the compressor This compresses the gas so that it heats up
In this unit we will study ways to locate the stages
Task 5: Put these stages in the refrigeration process in the correct sequence with the help of the diagram above The first one has been done for you a The liquid enters the evaporator b The gas condenses back into a liquid c The vapour is sucked back into the compressor d The gas is compressed 1 e The liquid turns into a vapour f The gas passes through the condenser g The liquid passes through a capillary tube h The high pressure is maintained
There are two ways to locate a stage in a process
Using a preposition + noun phrase For example:
The liquid turns to vapour in the evaporator The gas cools down in the condenser
Using a where-clause a relative clause with where rather than which or who to link a stage, its location and what happens there For example:
The warm gas passes through the condenser, where it heats the surroundings and cools down
The refrigerant circulates around the fridge, where it undergoes changes in pressure and temperature
Task 6: Complete each of these statements
The gas passes through the compressor, where………
It passes through the condenser, where………
The liquid passes through a capillary tube, where………
The liquid enters the evaporator, where………
The cold vapour is sucked back into the compressor, where ………
Task 7: Add sequence expressions to your statements to show the correct order of events For example:
First the gas passes through the condenser
Make your statements into a paragraph adding extra information from the text in Task
2 if you wish Then compare your paragraph with paragraphs 6, 7, and 8 from the text.
CENTRAL HEATING
READING PREDICTING
In Unit 5, we explored how titles can aid in predicting the intent of a text Additionally, diagrams serve as valuable tools that assist readers in making accurate assumptions about the content Before diving into a text, it's beneficial to examine the title and any accompanying diagrams.
Task 2: Using the diagram, try to explain the function of these components:
Gas central heating primarily operates using a 'wet' system that transfers heat through water circulating in pipes A standard setup consists of a boiler, a series of pipes, a feed and expansion tank, radiators, and a hot water storage system.
Conventional boilers heat water using gas burners, which is then circulated throughout the central heating system and hot water storage cylinder The gas flow to the burner is regulated by valves, which can be managed through a time switch, a boiler thermostat, a hot water cylinder thermostat, or a room thermostat.
Air is essential for complete combustion in burners, which can receive it from indoor sources that require proper ventilation or directly from the outside via a balanced flue system.
Water circulates through a heat exchanger positioned above the burner, constructed from durable cast iron or copper that resists corrosion These materials incorporate fins to enhance the surface area in contact with water, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency A thermostat within the boiler regulates the system by shutting off the gas control valve once the water temperature attains the predetermined level.
Water is pumped through a diverter or priority valve, circulating around two pipework loops that function as heat exchangers One loop contains a coil inside the hot water storage cylinder, transferring heat to the surrounding water for use at various hot taps in the home, before returning to the boiler for reheating The second loop directs hot water to the radiators, which provide heating for the rooms Typically, multiple radiators are connected, with one pipe delivering hot water from the boiler and another returning cold water, ensuring all radiators receive direct hot water supply.
Source: 'Inside out: Central Heating', Education Guardian
Task 4: Put these statements in the correct sequence The first and last have been done for you a Water is circulated through a heat exchanger 1 b The loop returns to the boiler for re-heating c One loop passes through the inside of the hot water storage cylinder in a coil of pipes d Water is heated by gas burners e The hot water is pumped through a diverter valve f The other loop of the circuit passes to the radiators g Cold water from the radiators returns to the boiler 7
Task 5: Use the statements in Task 4 to label the stages shown in this diagram of a heating system
Figures 4 2 The stages diagram of a heating system
LANGUAGE STUDY: TIME CLAUSES
What is the relationship between these pairs of actions? How can we link each pair to show this relationship?
1 Cold water passes through a heat exchanger
It reaches a pre-set temperature
It is pumped to a diverter valve
4 The water temperature reaches the right level
The gas control valve shuts off
We can show how actions are linked in time by using time clauses
We can use as to link two connected actions happening at the same time For example:
As cold water passes through a heat exchanger, the water is heated
We can use until to link an action and the limit of that action For example:
The water is heated until it reaches a pre-set temperature
Note that until normally comes between the stages
We can use after to show that one action is followed by another action For example:
After the water is heated, it is pumped to a diverter valve
We can use when to show that one action happens immediately after another For example:
When the water temperature reaches the right level, the gas control valve shuts off
Note that when the time word comes first in the sentence, a comma (.) is used after the time clause
Task 6: Link these sets of actions with appropriate time words
1 The system is switched on
Cold water passes through a heat exchanger in the boiler
2 The water passes through the heat exchanger
The water becomes hotter and hotter
The water reaches a pre-set level
3 The water temperature reaches the pre-set level
A thermostat causes the gas control valve to shut off
4 The water is pumped to a diverter valve
The water goes to the hot water cylinder or the radiators
5 Hot water passes through the inside of the hot water storage cylinder in a coil arrangement
Heat is transferred to the surrounding water
6 The hot water flows through the radiators
The hot water loses heat
7 The water passes through the radiators
The water returns to the boiler.
WORD STUDY
Task 7: The words listed in the first column of this table are common in descriptions of a technical plant They describe how substances are moved from one stage of the process to the next Some of these words can be used for any substance; others are more specific Write an X under Solids, Liquids, or Gases if the word on the left can be used to talk about them The first example has been done for you
Solids Liquids Gases carried X X X circulated conveyed distributed fed piped pumped supplied
AIR CONDITIONER
TUNING: PART NAMES OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR UNIT
Task 1: Find out the meaning of part names of indoor and outdoor unit Compare with your partner
6 Vertical air flow louver(inside)
Figures 5 1 Part names of indoor and outdoor unit
READ AND UNDERSTANDING: FUNCTIONS OF INDOOR/OUTDOOR
Task 2: Read the functions of indoor and outdoor unit below, explain how each function work, compare your result with your classmate
Cold Catalyst Filter: Eliminate formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds as well as harmful gases and odors
Ionizer: Release negative ions, eliminate odor, dust, smoke and pollen particles to give you fresh and healthy air
Silver Ion Filter: Sterilize bacteria effectively by decomposing cell wall of bacteria Vitamin C Filter: Release Vitamin C which can eliminate active oxygen to beautify the skin
3M HAM Filter: Open-hole-structure with charged electrostatic effectively capture dust and particles, ensure maximum air flow and minimum pressure drop
A bio filter combines a specialized biological enzyme with an Eco filter to effectively purify air The Eco filter captures tiny airborne dust particles, bacteria, fungi, and microbes, while the biological enzyme targets and eliminates bacteria by dissolving their cell walls, preventing re-pollution.
The Golden hydrophilic condenser enhances heating efficiency by speeding up the defrosting process Its unique anticorrosive golden coating is designed to endure harsh conditions, including salty air and rain, ensuring long-lasting performance against corrosive elements.
The Self Clean function enhances indoor air quality by first activating the unit in Fan-only mode at low speed, allowing condensed water to remove dust from the evaporator fins Next, it switches to heating mode to dry the internal components, followed by returning to Fan-only mode to expel moist air This comprehensive cleaning process not only maintains the cleanliness of the indoor unit but also helps prevent bacterial growth.
Experience advanced comfort with our innovative remote control featuring an integrated temperature sensor This smart technology allows the air conditioner to automatically adjust its operation mode based on your proximity, ensuring a consistently comfortable environment that feels as if the unit is following you.
Louver position memory function: When starting the unit again after shutting down, its louver will restore to the angle originally set by the user
The refrigerant leakage detection feature effectively safeguards the compressor from damage caused by refrigerant leaks or overloads Additionally, the self-diagnosis function monitors for abnormal operations or component failures, automatically shutting down the air conditioning system to protect it In the event of an issue, the indoor unit will display an error or protection code for easy identification.
The PTC heating belt installed on the base plate of the outdoor unit prevents the accumulation of rain, snow, or defrosted water Additionally, the compressor crankcase heater ensures that oil remains dissolved in the refrigerant, particularly in low temperatures, by heating the compressor's bottom This functionality helps to minimize oil loss with the refrigerant, ultimately protecting the compressor's integrity.
Task 3: Read the Refrigerant Cycle Diagram below and explain it in Vietnamese
Figures 5 6 Refrigerant Cycle Diagram for heat pump models
Task 4: Find out which component can you connect to the connectors (CN) in the Wiring Diagrams below
Figures 5 7 Wiring Diagram of Indoor Unit
Figures 5 8 Wiring Diagram of Outdoor Unit
DEALING WITH UNFAMILY WORDS
Task 5: Understaning the installation for the first time is very important Read and understand the procedure below, underline any words that you do not understand Air and moisture in the refrigerant system have undesirable effects as below:
● Pressure in the system rises
● Cooling or heating efficiency drops
● Moisture in the refrigerant circuit may freeze and block capillary tubing
● Water may lead to corrosion of parts in the refrigerant system
Therefore, the indoor units and the pipes between indoor and outdoor units must be leak tested and evacuated to remove gas and moisture from the system
To check for gas leaks using the soap water method, apply a mixture of soap water or liquid neutral detergent to the connections of both the indoor and outdoor units using a soft brush If you observe bubbles forming, this indicates a leak in the piping connections.
1 Air purging with vacuum pump procedure
1) Completely tighten the flare nuts of the indoor and outdoor units, confirm that both the 2-way and 3-way valves are set to the closed position
2) Connect the charge hose with the push pin of handle lo to the 3-way valves gas service port
3) Connect the charge hose of handle hi connection to the vacuum pump
4) Fully open the handle Lo of the manifold valve
5) Operate the vacuum pump to evacuate
6) Make evacuation for 30 minutes and check whether the compound meter indicates -0.1Mpa(14.5Psi) If the meter does not indicate -0.1Mpa(14.5Psi) after pumping 30 minutes, it should be pumped 20 minutes more If the pressure can’t achieve -0.1Mpa(14.5Psi) after pumping 50 minutes, please check if there are some leakage points Fully close the handle Lo valve of the manifold valve and stop the operation of the vacuum pump Confirm that the gauge needle does not move (approximately 5 minutes after turning off the vacuum pump)
7) Turn the flare nut of the 3-way valves about 45° counterclockwise for 6 or 7 seconds after the gas comes out, then tighten the flare nut again Make sure the pressure display in the pressure indicator is a little higher than the atmosphere pressure Then remove the charge hose from the 3 way valve
8) Fully open the 2-way valve and 3-way valve and securely tighten the cap of the 3- way valve
2 Air purging by refrigerant procedure:
1) Confirm that both the 2-way and 3-way valves are set to the closed position
2) Connect the charge set and a charging cylinder to the service port of the 3-way valve
To begin the charging process, open the valves on both the charging cylinder and the charge set Purge any trapped air by loosening the flare nut on the 2-way valve about 45 degrees for three seconds, then securely close it for one minute; repeat this purging process three times Once the air is purged, ensure a proper seal by using a torque wrench to tighten the flare nut on the 2-way valve.
4) Check the gas leakage Check the flare connections for gas leakage
To discharge the refrigerant, begin by closing the valve on the charging cylinder Then, loosen the flare nut on the 2-way valve by about 45 degrees until the gauge reads between 0.3 Mpa (43.5 Psi) and 0.5 Mpa (72.5 Psi).
To properly disconnect the charge set and charging cylinder, ensure that the 2-way and 3-way valves are set to the open position Utilize a hexagonal wrench to effectively operate the valve stems during this process.
To ensure proper installation, securely attach the valve stem nuts and the service port cap, using a torque wrench to tighten the cap to a torque of 18 N·m Additionally, it is crucial to check for any gas leaks following the installation.
Icon explanation on indoor display board.
UNDERSTANDING THE TROUBLESHOOTING
Task 6: Read the Safety caution below and tell your classmate how to do that
Electricity power is still kept in capacitors even the power supply is shut off Do not forget to discharge the electricity power in capacitor
For other models, please connect discharge resistance (approx.100Ω 40W) or soldering iron (plug) between +, - terminals of the electrolytic capacitor on the contrary side of the outdoor PCB
Task 7: Read the Indoor Unit Error Display table and explain in how to fix these errors with the help of the text below
Table 1 Indoor Unit Error Display
Table 2 Outdoor unit error display
There’s a LED light on the outdoor PCB which is blue color
Upon powering on, the unit will exhibit a slow flash at 0.2Hz while in standby mode If any issues arise, the unit will flash quickly at 2.5Hz A solid light indicates that the unit is actively running.
The picture of PCB above is only for reference
LED 1 is a red light and for the PCB POWER display
LED 2 is a yellow light After power on, it will be slow flash(0.2Hz) when the unit is in standby and quick flash (2.5Hz) if the unit has some problems
LED 4 (green) and LED3 (red) are two lights controlled by the compressor drive chip Below are meanings for those lights
Table 3 EEPROM parameter error diagnosis and solution(E0/F4)
EEPROM: a read-only memory whose contents can be erased and reprogrammed using a pulsed voltage For the location of EEPROM chip, please refer to the below photos
Table 4 Indoor / outdoor unit’s communication diagnosis and solution (E1)
Indoor unit does not receive the feedback from outdoor unit during
110 seconds and this condition happens four times continuously. Supposed causes • Wiring mistake
• Indoor or outdoor PCB faulty Trouble shooting:
Power off, then turn on the unit 5 seconds later(reconnect the power wire).ls the error still displaying after several minutes?
Measure Vs, is it moving alternately \ with positive value? \
(Vs is the voltage between L2 and s of outdoor unit Connect the red pin of multimeter with L2 port, black pin with / s port) /
Check all the wiring with indoor units
Is the wiring to the indoor main PCB connected correctly?
Replace the indoor main PCB.
Use a multimeter to test the DC voltage between L2 port and s port of outdoor unit The red pin of multimeter connects with L2 port while the black pin is for s port.
When AC is nomial running, the voltage will move alternately between -50V to 50V.
If the outdoor unit has malfunction, the voltage will move alternately with positive value.
While if the indoor unit has malfunction, the voltage will be a certain value.
Use a multimeter to test the resistance of the reactor which does not connect with capacitor.
The normal value should be around zero ohm Otherwise, the reactor must have malfunction and need to be replaced.
Table 5 Zero crossing detection error diagnosis and solution (E2)
Table 6 Fan speed has been out of control diagnosis and solution(E3)
Measure the resistance value of each winding by using the tester
For the definite value of the resistance,
To troubleshoot the unit, power it on and operate it in fan mode at high speed After 15 seconds of running, check the voltage at pin1 and pin2 If the measured voltage is below 100V for a 208-240V power supply or below 50V for a 115V power supply, it indicates a malfunction in the PCB that requires replacement.
2.Outdoor DC Fan Motor (control chip is in outdoor PCB)
1) Release the UVW connector Measure the resistance of U-V, U-W, V-W If the resistance is not equal to each other, the fan motor must has problems and need to be replaced Otherwise, go to step 2
2) Power on and when the unit is in standby, measure the voltage of pin4-5 in feedback signal connector If the value is not 5V, change the PCB Otherwise, go to step 3
3) Rotate the fan by hand, measure the voltage of pin1-5, pin 2-5 and pin 3-5 in feedback signal connector If any voltage is not positive voltage fluctuation, the fan motor must has problems and need to be replaced
Table 7 Open circuit or short circuit of temperature sensor diagnosis and solution (E5)
Refrigerant Leakage Detection diagnosis and solution(EC)
Define the evaporator coil temp.T2 of the compressor just starts running as Tcool.
In the beginning 5 minutes after the compressor starts up, if T2 CTcool—2"C does not keep continuous 4 seconds and this situation happens 3 times, the display area will show “EC” and
• System problems, such as leakage or blocking.
Shut off the power supply and turn it on 5 seconds later Is it still displaying the error code?
—i - Check if T2 sensor is well
/ Is there cool air blowing \
\ out from indoor air outlet? /
/ Is there any leakage? Especially \
( the connection parts, such as the
\ gas valve and the liquid valve /
Is there any block i n g ? (Such as the capillary Of the welded points of the pipes.)
fixed Correct the installation or replace T2 sensor, Does the problem remain again?
► Repair the leakage and recharge the refrigerant
Table 8IPM malfunction or IGBT ^ver-strong current protection diagnosis and solution (P0)
When the voltage signal that IPM send to compressor drive chip is abnormal, the display LED will show “PO” and AC will turn off.
Supposed causes Wiring mistake; IPM malfunction; Outdoor fan ass’y faulty
Compressor malfunction; Outdoor PCB faulty Trouble shooting:
Replace the outdoor main PCD if the main PCB and IPM are separate.
1) MWHNC09S models: Measure the black pin and red pin of the motor connector, the resistance should be around 3850 at20t(68'F)
2) MWHNC09SA, MWHHC12SA models: Measure the black pin and red pin of the motor connector, the resistance should be around 500 at 20V(68T)
3) MWHNC12S models: Measure the black pin and red pin of the motor connector, the resistance should be around 2930 at20C(68‘F)
4) MWHNC18S models: Measure the black pin and red pin of the motor connector, the resistance should be around 84.50 at 20C(68 ‘F)
5) MWHNC24S models: Measure the black pin and red pin of the motor connector, the resistance should be around 88.50 at 20C(68 ‘F)
Table 9 Over voltage or too low voltage protection diagnosis and solution (P1)
An abnormal voltage rise or drop is detected by checking the specified voltage detection circuit.
Supposed causes • Power supply problems.
Check if the power supply is normal ■No.
Disconnect the unit with power supply and try to restart the unit when power supply gets normal
Check if all the connections and wires are good ?
Correct the connections or replace the wires.
Power on and when the unit is in standby, check if the voltage between p and N is around DC
310 V or 340V or 3Ô0V? For different kinds of units, the voltage differs
Consult with technical engineer to get definite value Then start up the unit, measure the voltage between p and N Is it in220V~400V?
No- Replace the I PM board if it is separate with main PCB.
Table 10 High temperature protection of compressor top diagnosis and solution (P2)
If the sampling voltage is not 5V, the LED will display the failure.
Supposed causes • Power supply problems.
Table 11 Inverter compressor drive error diagnosis and solution (P4)
Disconnect the temperature sensor from PCB, measure the resistance value with a tester
Measure the resistance value of each winding by using the multi-meter
Table 12 Temperature sensor resistance value table for T1, T2, T3, T4
Table 13 Temperature sensor resistance value table for T5
Appendix 2 Temperature Sensor Resistance Value Table for T5 (t-K)
Measure the resistance value of each winding by using the tester
Table 14 The resistance value of each winding
Turn off the power, let the large capacity electrolytic capacitors discharge completely, and dismount the IPM Use a digital tester to measure the resistance between P and UVWN; UVW and N
Table 15 The resistance between P and UVWN; UVW and N
Measure the resistance value of each winding by using the tester
Table 16 The resistance value of each winding indoor AC fan motor
APPLYING FOR A JOB
READING: UNDERSTANDING JOB ADVERTISEMENTS
Task 2: Answer the questions below about this job advertisement
2 Where are the jobs based?
3 At what professional level are the jobs available?
4 Applicants from which branch of engineering are eligible?
6 In addition to qualifications, what must the applicants have completed?
7 List some of the areas in which experience is sought
8 Might you be considered for the job without this experience?
9 In addition to qualifications and experience, what characteristics should applicants have?
10 Which non-professional qualification is essential?
11 What might a benefits package include?
Task 3: Fiona Weaver decides to apply for one of the posts Study her CV below
1 What is her highest educational qualification?
2 Why do you think the education and experience sections of her CV start with the most recent events?
3 Why does she give two references?
4 Why has she chosen these people to be her referees?
5 Why does she include interests and activities?
As a highly successful part of AAA plc, we handled approximately 5 million passengers last year Further expansion of the airport facilities has created a career opportunity for the following:
In this diverse position, you will perform both corrective and preventative maintenance on various electrical, electronic, and mechanical systems Utilizing computer-based monitoring systems, you will efficiently manage, diagnose faults, and operate plant and equipment.
Applicants must possess a recognized HNC or National Certificate in Electrical/Electronic Engineering and have completed a recognized apprenticeship Desirable experience includes operating and maintaining electromechanical plants with electronic system control, particularly in HVAC systems, electronic PLC systems, boiler control systems, and positional and electronic speed control systems, including hydraulics, pumps, and heat exchangers.
This demanding position requires effective communication skills together with a flexible attitude
A valid driving license is crucial for the position, which offers a competitive salary and benefits Interested candidates should send a detailed CV to Denise Dickens in the Personnel Department at Castleton Airport, Castleton CS213SL The deadline for applications is the 31st.
Address: 6 Haymarket, Newcastle, NCI 4YU
1991-1995 Faraday College of Further Education, Newcastle
- National Certificate in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (day release from S & T (UK) Ltd)
1985-1990 George Stephenson Secondary School, Newcastle
I hold a clean driving licence I have been driving for three years
Sturner & Thomson (UK) Ltd Responsible for checking incoming components and completed products using a wide range of test equipment including computer-based record systems.
Sturner & Thomson (UK) Ltd 1990-1991 Office junior
Brent & Wicker, Solicitors Basic secretarial duties—filing, word-processing, telephone receptionist, in a busy lawyers' office Interests and activities
Travel, modern dance, swimming References
Mr Andrew Wood Mrs Joy Mi Ine Head of Department Personel Officer Faraday College S&T (UK) Ltd Corwalllis Road North Street NEWCASTLE NC2 3PL NEWCASTLE NC14 7TL
Task 4: Study this letter of application which accompanied the CV What information does it add to the CV?
III WRITING: WRITING A CV AND LETTER OF APPLICATION
Task 5: Study the advertisements on the following pages Select suitable jobs for which these applicants could apply
I would like to apply for the post of Engineering Technician as advertised in today's issue of the Tribune I enclose my CV with the names of two referees
I hold a National Certificate in Electrical and Electronic Engineering and possess extensive experience in the field My tenure at S & T (UK) has provided me with in-depth knowledge of HVAC plants and systems, particularly in electronic system control Additionally, as an inspection technician, I have gained valuable expertise in product testing and component evaluation across a diverse array of systems.
I appreciate my role at S & T and am eager to expand my experience, particularly in maintenance I believe I can contribute valuable skills and thrive in a team environment Additionally, I am interested in enhancing my qualifications by pursuing a part-time HNC.
I look forward to hearing from you.
1 Technician engineer, 27, HNC in Electrical Engineering, with two years' sales experience
2 Professional engineer, 35, with five years' experience in the automotive industry
3 Design engineer, 42, BSc in Mechanical Engineering with experience in managing projects both in-house and subcontracted
4 Technician, 24 National Certificate in Mechanical Engineering, two years' shop floor experience
5 Electrical engineer, 50, HNC, long experience in maintenance of high voltage plant
6 Mechanical engineer, 46 HND, experience in maintenance
Sinclair, a leading private engineering group in the UK with a strong international reputation, is seeking a Technical Sales Engineer to promote and sell its renowned Chesterfield range of sealing systems across the Midlands.
You should have previous sales and mechanical engineering experience with a bias to maintenance products and mechanical engineering
The successful candidate will ideally be between
30 and 45 years of age living in the Midlands with a mechanical engineering background
The company offer a good basic salary, commission and company car Apply in writing, with full cv to:
We are a long established medium/ heavy engineering company (Liverpool area) specializing in mechanical handling equipment and require to appoint a project/design engineer for our busy drawing office
The ideal applicant for this position is aged between 28 and 40, possessing a strong engineering background and practical experience A time-served draughtsperson is preferred, with the ability to manage projects from initial concept through design to final installation Candidates should have experience with fork truck attachments, lifting beams, and conveyor systems, and must demonstrate the ability to work independently while effectively communicating with customers This role carries significant responsibilities and offers excellent opportunities for career advancement.
Please reply in writing with full cv in the first instance to Box 1383, The Herald, Liverpool LI 1QP
A MAJOR ROLE FOR A DEDICATED PROFESSIONAL
The Semiconductor UK plant in Knutsford spans more than 300,000 square feet, with over 100,000 square feet dedicated to clean rooms We are investing approximately $90 million in new equipment, building upgrades, and facility enhancements.
In the semiconductor industry, efficient electrical supply and distribution systems are crucial We are seeking a Senior Electrical Engineer to oversee the management and engineering of these systems on-site This role involves leading electrical enhancements, upgrades, and maintenance while ensuring compliance with electrical safety standards and energy conservation practices.
To excel in this role, candidates should possess a degree and preferably hold professional status, demonstrating extensive knowledge and expertise in the design of high voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) distribution and control systems Ideal experience should be acquired in a manufacturing and operational or maintenance setting.
This important role carries an excellent salary and generous benefits including free private health care, life assurance, contributory pension scheme, and a progressive relocation package if necessary
To apply, please write with full C.V to:
Brian Williamson, Human Resources Department, Semiconductor UK pic Larkspur Industrial
INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL PROJECTS £NEG AND GENEROUS BENEFITS
John Blair Engineering, a key member of the Nelson House Group, is a leading force in power and process engineering both in the UK and internationally Our continued success in securing new contracts globally has driven the growth of our Operations Division, leading to exciting opportunities for additional Senior Subcontract Personnel.
Your prime responsibilities will involve:
- the award and management of subcontractors working on major turnkey projects;
- the administration of change control procedures;
- identification of liabilities and risk assessment;
To excel in this demanding role, candidates must possess a degree in Mechanical, Electrical, or Quantity Surveying and have a minimum of 10 years of senior-level experience, ideally within a reputable organization Strong communication and interpersonal skills are also crucial for success.
We offer a competitive and negotiable salary designed to attract top talent, alongside excellent career prospects typical of a prestigious company Our benefits package includes substantial pension contributions, complimentary life assurance, permanent health insurance, and generous relocation expenses when applicable.
To apply please send a full cv stating current salary to: Planning and Development Manager, John Blair Engineering Limited, Dumbarton Road, Clydeside, Dumbartonshire G52 1VA,
We are seeking motivated individuals for our maintenance department to support conveyoring and specialized machinery in the Glass Container Industry Ideal candidates should possess prior shop floor experience with minimal supervision and be open to shift work, including overtime The annual salary starts at £13,500.
Please apply in own handwriting enclosing CV to:
Mrs M Ramsay GLACIER GLASS PACKAGING LTD 1 Grayshill Road, Westfield Industrial Estate Bristol BS68 9HQ
(Only applicants selected for interview will receive an acknowledgement within the next 3 weeks.)
Part of the N&S Group, one of the world's major suppliers of automotive components,
PREMIER VANDERBILT LTD is a market leader in the manufacture of plain bearings for automotive and general engineering applications
Our manufacturing facility at Wycliffe Valley, Bathgate, commenced production in early 1992 and the workforce has expanded rapidly We now require a Quality Engineer to join us
Reporting to the Quality Assurance Manager, you will be responsible for ensuring quality related activities are implemented in line with company policies and objectives
A minimum of HNC-level education in mechanical engineering is required, with prior experience in quality improvement within the automotive industry being highly advantageous Essential skills include a working knowledge of Statistical Process Control (SPC), Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Design of Experiments (DOE), and various problem-solving techniques.
Together with anattractive salary the benefits are those which can be expected from a progressive organization There will be excellent opportunities for career development as the company continues to grow
To apply, please send a cv sta ting cu rrent salary, to, Stuart P Alexander, Human Resources Manager, Premier Vanderbilt Ltd, 10 Stonehouse Road, Wycliffe Valley Industrial Estate, Bathgate, Berks RG202EW
Closing date for applications is Wednesday 5 January 2021, and interviews will be held during January 2021,
Task 6: Write your CV and a letter of application for one of the posts advertised in
Task 5 Because you are a student so you may invent suitable qualifications and experience.
TECHNICAL READING: COMPANY STRUCTURE
Task 7: Complete the blanks in this text using information from Fig 12.
Our sales team, comprised of skilled engineers, is equipped to assist customers in finding the right solutions, whether they need induction motors or datacomms technology As the premier distributor of electronic, electrical, and mechanical engineering products in the country, we proudly offer an extensive catalogue featuring over 40,000 diverse items to meet our customers' needs.
24 hours of an order being placed
Engineers looking to enhance their sales expertise will find numerous opportunities with us With comprehensive training provided to help you meet your targets, you can expect high earnings and significant career advancement potential.
In this role, you will engage with local customers to sell SB products and services, while also compiling detailed reports to relay valuable information Success in this position requires strong technical skills to impress decision-makers, the ability to prioritize effectively, and a self-motivated approach to achieving your goals.
We are seeking a candidate with demonstrated sales experience and a background in electronic or electrical engineering, with an HNC qualification being essential Join us to leverage your skills in an environment that fosters growth and allows you to reach your professional ambitions.
There has never been a more compelling reason to break free, whether inside or outside the box For further details and to access the application form, please submit your complete CV referencing E530H to Julia Beckett, Personnel Officer, SB Components Ltd, PO Box 26, Retford, Northants NN32 9RS.
The head of an engineering company in the UK is the 1 or the
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) oversees the operations of a company, while in American subsidiaries, this role may be referred to as the Vice President Typically, the CEO is accountable to a board of directors or, if applicable, the company's owner or Chairman.
US subsidiary, the President In turn, the Chairman or President is responsible to the company shareholders
The Management Team, consisting of department managers essential to the company, reports directly to the Managing Director Their primary responsibility is to advise the Director on the implications of Board decisions regarding costs, personnel, materials, time, and equipment Additionally, they are tasked with briefing the Director on issues that require Board deliberation and decision-making.
The 3 , with the support of the Mechanical, Electronic, and 4 .Sections, is responsible for the introduction of new products The 5 decides how the new products will be produced The 6 and Industrial Engineer
Manager report to this member of the Management Team
The 7 ensures that the products are fault-free and that the components and materials used in their manufacture meet company standards The
8 handles market research, promotion, and sales
The Field Service Manager is responsible for the installation and maintenance of the company’s products wherever required
The structure depicted in Fig 7.1 is typical for many engineering firms, although variations in reporting channels exist In certain companies, the Field Service Department may report to Marketing, Quality, or even a distinct Product Assurance and Support Group.
The company's structure features distinct managers for each department, yet these departments are highly interdependent For instance, the Development Manager must collaborate with other managers before initiating the design of a new product Regular meetings across departments are essential to ensure that the design aligns with customer requirements, meets cost targets, and maintains quality, manufacturability, and serviceability These collaborative efforts guarantee that trained personnel, tooling, and documentation are prepared on schedule for each phase of the product launch.
Task 8: Read the text again to find the answers to these questions
1 What is the US equivalent of the Managing Director?
2 Who is the Chairman of a company responsible to?
3 Who comprise the management team?
4 In what way might companies differ in structure from the example given?
5 Which department would advise on whether a new product would meet customers’ requirements?
7 Inductor air cored dust cored iron cored
8 Transformer air cored dust cored iron cored
Push single pole double pole reed
Relay coil resistance of 100 ohms with n contact