Giới từ tiếng anh thông dụng+ bài tập minh hoạ

During rong, trong suốt During được dùng dé chỉ khoảng thời gian mà trong đó việc diễn hoặc thay đổi nhưng không kéo dài: during the film, during our holiday, during the night, during th

Place)

ngay thang

tháng, năm, mùa, thập niên,

winter

(Mua đóng

budi trong ngay ngoai

for five days, for

week,

for

six months, for

along time,

for

50

years, for

~~

(Chuing toi quen biết

ấy.)

During (rong, trong suốt

During được dùng

dé chỉ

khoảng

thời gian

mà trong

đó việc

diễn

hoặc thay đổi

nhưng không

kéo dài:

during

the film,

during our

holiday, during

the night, during

the

summer,

during

the 1990s etc

Ex:

I slept during

the football game

(Toi

da ngu sudt tran bong da.)

They practiced basketball

để nói

muộn

hơn cái

hoặc theo sau cái

Please call after 9:30

(Vui long

goi

sau 9:30.)

đề nói

còn bao

Christmas,

three weeks

the holidays

am and

‘(\

Medieval Times

spending

time

together in/onthe evening,

(25) What were you doing

ut Friday,

Europe’s

great cathedrals

were built ^

runner

He

can run

He’ll

away until

open only 40!

Don’t pay

TM very que

on Friday evenings

a) until

b) though

c) since

d) during

I'm

so happy

to hear from Mary because

I haven't seen

The

school library

open

at any

time

——

four o’clock

and half past

d)

until

We have

been waiting

for

the train

45 minutes now!

to work

midnight tonight

'a) past

A farmer

works hard

been

there

_a

few minutes

¬ tia

IL

The traffic

is very

bad

the morning

and afternoon

_

two o’clock

since

'b) until

do

last Monday

your departure

for

the States

your breakfast,

they will have

use any

written materials

but there

the night

_ many

home/

bus stop/

corner/

crossroad/

roundabout!

traffic lights/

at

the back

of our office building

a

(Có một nhà hang mot

mở

ở sau lưng cao 6c van phòng chúng tôi.)

The title

is

right

at the

I saw

a taxi

at

the end

of the street

(Toi trong

thấy

mot chiéc taxt

ở cuối đường.)

để

chỉ

vị trí

trên

bề

mặt:

on the

water/

beach etc

on the

Ex:

I sat

on the floor/on

There’s

dirty mark

on the wall/on

(Có vét bdn trén tuong/

tran nha/

để chỉ

tri tren đường

Albert Street,

on Fifth

Ex:

There were

loads

cars parking

on the road

(Có rất

There were

trees

on the island

(Trén dao chẳng

cây cối.)

I’ve always wanted

corner được dùng

đường phố

corner được dùng

được dùng

tang (nha):

tầng trệt.)

(Họ sống

tình trạng đang

right,

the front/

ở phía bên trái.)

You can park

the other side

the street

(Bat luân

dong

chinh trong

duong (khong

mua s4m

Wall Street,

Times Square

được dung

small town

three people

the house

(Giấy

tờ tương tai khắp

Over duoc dung

dé chi

the fireplace

They

held

a large umbrella

over her

ba ấy.)

Over còn được dùng

để chỉ

vị trí

ở phía bên kia của cái

7

(Có

một trạm

xe

buýt ngay

bên

kia

đường.)

cao hơn, thường

tiếp xúc bên trên

cao hơn

thường không tiếp

xúc bên

trên vật

khác

Ex:

We were flying

above

the clouds

(Chúng

dang bay

trên những

tang may.)

Let’s hang the picture above

the

sofa

(Hay treo bức tranh bên

trên ghé sofa.)

thang dimg”:

a helicopter

over!

above

a lifeboat (chiếc trực

thăng bay

trên chiếc

ở trên cây,

chúng

nên dùng above:

(Vui long

dot

bên ngoài nhe.)

You can park your car outside

our house

chung

tôi.)

Between ogiua

Between

dugc dung

dé chi

va

giữa

hai hoặc nhiều hơn hai

Among ởg?⁄a

Among

được dùng

nhóm

người hoặc vật

Ex:

The teacher stood

among

the pupils

(Giáo uiên đứng gia các học sinh.)

Your letter

(Buc thu cua anh

cách dùng giữa between

amoñỹ:

Dùng between

cho

người hoặc

khác hản nhau;

dùng among

người hoặc

trong nhóm, đám đông hoặc

người hoặc

Our house

village

(Nhà chúng

nằm giữa

khu ritng,

song

ngoi lang.)

giữa những rang cây.)

dé chi

trí trước

— (Trước nhà

front of/before

khác nhau

Along doc theo

hi

Along được dùn§

gi

dai idor

dọc

hành lang.)

both

sides

of the river

(Nhà

của

được xây

dọc

hai

bên

bờ sông.)

trên hoặc bên cạnh cái

word

Miss Smith

n/t home?

There were

many

beautiful

flowers in/on the

garden

She grew

up in/on

a farm

He’sswimming

in/on the

I'll

meet you

in/at the

the

United Nations

is in/at

New

York

My grandparents

live at/on

She loves reading in/on bed

I live in/at

country,

but she lives at/on

the

seaside

People were sitting

your

name at/on the top

cạnh cái

gì dài;

theo

cái

gì dài idor

Ex:

His office

along

the corr!

es (Van

phong

anh

dy ndm doc hanh lang.)

Miss Smith in/at home?

_ There

were many beautiful

a beautiful

forest during

prisons

police stations

trip

Jack has

gone

away

He’ll

be back

the table

turned

me

Jane isn't here

the moment

She’s

the shops

white

tablecloth

was spread

About được dùng

thường

được dùng

movie,

news, play,

program,

report,

speech, story etc

Ex:

What

you think about Mary?

(Ban thay

Mary

thé nao?)

This

a book

about prepositions

(Day

cudn sach

giot tu.)

đề chi

sự

bao quanh

Ex:

They all

sat around

lúa trai.)

The teacher drew

circle

around

each mistake

(Giáo

uiên khoanh

duvc dung

dùng chung hoặc chia

banh pizza.)

This

just between

you and

Rome

Paris moi ngay

help/

jokeí saluation/

dugc dung

bánh thanh

tương đồng, giống nhau

outside

(of) duoc dung voi

(Toi khong song

London

Toi song

đế chỉ

over

the country

for many years

_ (Nha vua

tri

vi

dat nudoc

trong

nhiéu nam.)

They have

no control

over

their

actions

(Ho khong kiém

soat

duoc hanh dong

cua

minh.)

Over được dùng với

nghĩa

“o nhiéu

khu vuc”

(Co mua

trén

ca

nuoc.)

Over được dùng

để nói

nhiều hơn một lượng

thời gian,

số lượng,

chi phí

(Ong

ay

da ngoai 60.)

Past

Past

được dùng

để chi

su

vượt quá

hoặc không

còn

mức

độ hay

giai đoạn nào

Ex:

Unemployment

now past

the

million mark

triéu.)

He’s long past retirement

Regarding

duoc dung

dé chi

su lién

quan dén hoac

etc

Ex:

He was

on the

way

to

the airport

san bay.)

The train

York.)

To được dung

dé chi

nguoi nhan cai

gi

Cac dong

tư thương được

dung vdi to:

give, hand, send,

To whom

did she

address

the letter?

at?)

To được dung

đề chí

ngươi

hoác vật

chịu

sự tác động

cua cai

gi

Cac

danh

tu thuong dugc dung

cách dùng

clauses):

luôn

được dùng

thực hiện

With còn được dùng

cách thức

piano with care

(Vui long

dung đàn dương cấm

than.)

Within Within được dùng

“bén trong hodc trong

Within được dùng

biến cũng hiện

These

photographs

were taken

by

a very good

the

game only because

IV, Put

in like

Your English

you

You waste

much time doing things

time doing energetic

things

I know

I don’t know anyone

————y0u

don’t need

good voice

are just

accident occurred

me

who disagree

on

what

you say

tell

one

the other

TV

and

straight _

put their

children’s needs

weigh _

100

kilograms,

then you

để nói

trước

ai/cái

gì

về khoảng

lai

đây lúa hẹn phía

trước.)

Along with

Along with

được dùng

ngoài ai/cái

khác hoặc cũng giống

gian dai.)

Back

tro lai;

chi

quay tro

your

story

(Xin hay tro

đầu câu chuyện.)

We took the train

back

the city

(Chung

tot don

lua

lai thanh pho.)

chỉ

quay trở

xuất phát

cua hang tro

chỉ nguyên

nhân hoặc

do xảy

because

the heavy traffic

(Chung

toi dén

But for

But for dugc dùng

nói

ngoại

trừ ai/cái

the

summit

but for the weather

(Néu khong

Ken*s

American hamburgers

She’s never satisfied

46.She

wanted

borrow some

books _————

was accused

having stolen

a Car

Thank

you very

The essence

Spanish

Portuguese

Her kindness

a lasting

impression

her students

Young

people today can

communicate

each other using

a lot

different machines

mother likes

it when

I write her email messages;

she loves

you, you won't interfere

plans!

The local people

very hospitable

strangers

class this morning?

Why were you absent

72.There

has been significant

my sister helped

me

a loan

ess

understanding

the HIV

very kind

David

75

This book

a good

introduction

his teachings

77

Everyone

has blamed

the manager

his lack

responsibility

the work

are already acquainted

79

was very nice

thành

bởi một giới

từ (preposition),

bố ngữ (object)

kỳ thành phần nào

bố nghĩa cho

bo ngu (modifier)

(Me toi vang nha.)

Pre Object

The

bird flew out the

window

(Con chim bay

ra cua so.)

Pre Modifier Object

Bố ngữ của

giới

từ

CÓ thế

là danh

tu (noun),

dai

tu (pronoun),

dong

danh

tu (gerund)

hoac ménh

dé

(clause)

theo sau

giới

tÙ

Ex:

The resort

the lake

(Khu nghỉ dưỡng nửm bên D0 hồ.)

Pre Noun

The boy with him

ong ấy.)

He told the joke without laughing

(Anh

ấy

kể chuyện

On

what occasions

to

chuc

Clause

vao nhing

dip nao?)

ro 1a cum tinh

tu (adjectival

phrase)

để

bố

nghĩa cho các

từ

có thế đóng vai

hoac cum trang

tu (adverbial phrase)

trong cau

Cum

tinh

tu luon dung ngay sau danh

lời

các câu

hỏi:

Which one?

| What

kind of?

/ How

many?

| Whose?

by invitation

by

land

by law by/with

a majority

by marriage

by name

by the

name

by nature

by

now/up

(until) now

for the sake

of

for

a start

for want

of

for

a while

¢ With FROM from/since

birth

(right) from the start

from experience

from memory

of view

from place

to place/

from house

to house/

from time

qua kinh nghiệm

nơi nay đến nơi Rhac/

nhà này đến nha

khác

thính thoang;

đôi khi

định chí;

hoa hop vot

theo;

tudn theo

dang lam viéc;

dang biéu dien

them nia;

ngoai

mot cach

xay

đau đún cưc

(ué thế xác hoặc tinh than)

nhat

phu

hop (vot)

nham giup

of sth

in

sb’s/the excitement

in existence

in the eyes

of

sb

in the face

of

in

fact

in fairness

(to

sb)

in/out

of fashion

in favor

of

in fear

of

in flames

ina flash

in

the flesh

in flight

in flower in/out

of focus

in force

in the form

the hands

harmony (with)

the lead

leaf

league with

in/out

line (with)

love (with)

luck

the main

one’s opinion

opposition

in/into orbit

trên báo chí

đang câm quyến

trai nguoc vot

trong quy dao

theo

thu

tu;

theo trinh

mot phan;

phan

nao

đặc biệt

là;

nhất

(o/lam viéc) chung vot

dé thanh toan

dich than

thành một

tac;

noi chung

(the) shape (of sth)

short in/within

sight (of)

silence

one’s sleep

the space

co

lé phat;

co

chinh nghia

an toan

dé tim kiém (at/cat gt)

trong

mua/het mua

mát

theo

y nghia nao

do

dang hop

dé thanh toan

dưới bong ram, bong mat, bong cay

vé

hinh dang;

có khả

trong khi ngu

trong vong;

trong

khoang

vé tam hon;

vé suy nghi

tinh than (phdn

hop thoi trang/lot

thot

theo phong

cach cua at/cai

lan luot;

lien tiep

ung ho;

giup

do

ngạc nhiên;

kinh ngac

dot

ung ho;

tan thanh

an

khop/khong

an

khop voi cai gi/at

trong luong;

trong

hành trình, thám

Cụm giới

ngang bàng (U01)

chuyén;

ban ron;

phat trién

trén gidy

đang điều hanh

lam hoác thục hiện

watch

the watch for

the way

the whole

With OUT

tan

lui;

hét thot

dang

canh gac

xét toan cuc

khong thang

hang;

trat hang

không khỏe

mạnh

không thế kiếm soát, quản

thoat nan

ngoat trot;

thức) trách nhiệm

thói quen

điền

ngốc nghéch;

mat

hong;

khong hoat dong

ngoài

tam

méo mo;

bién dang

khudt dang;

khudt tam mat

dang

dung

under control

under sb’s supervision

under surveillance

under suspicion

under threat

under treatment

With WITH

abandon with/without

một cách

phóng

túng;

một cách

buông

(không nhơ

188

s Giới

with the help

kinh hoang

with indifference

một cach

thủ

with intent

nhàm muc dich

with joy

mot cach vui suong

with kindness

mot cach

with (any) luck/with

a bit

lucknéu

gap may;

vong rang

with

malice

mot cach

with pride

mot

cach

hanh điện

with optimism

mot cach lac quan

with rage

một cách

mot cach hoi tiéc;

lay lam

tiéc

with relief

mot cach

nhe nhom

with respect (10)

ve;

doi vol

with

responsibility

for

(sth) chiu trach nhiém

(0iệc

g1)

with the result that

kết qua

with sadness

mot cach buon

with shame

thanh cong

with sympathy

bang

thong cam

with tenderness

mot cach diu dang

with understanding

bảng

an hiếu

within the law within/without

within reach

within/without

reason

within one’s rights

sofa belongs

I think

light over

table

stopped working

flute every

night

The

long months

winter

sometimes dreary

I know

that man

gray suit and

ancient Rome connected

The daytime temperature

a black

jacket

with

white stripes

The

announcement

during class interrupted

The book

Barbara’s book

Large blocks

hardest

granite formed

phrases (adverbial phrases)

each sentence

Underline

each prepositional

phrase

Then, identify which one

adjectival phrase

adverbial phrase

I am standing

entered Ital

discourage her

, she

began

work twice

Jane

nothing

a)in sympathy

the ume

with intent

— ————

c)

in return for

leaving

the house when the phone

on pencil

call you back

on phone

gone

off

on

his own

a present

for his

On

the ume

the ume

By

the ume

48

His

words are

facts

variance with

be running

wild!

on duty

a suitable preposition

difficult

find work

the moment

market this afternoon

26

He’s going

a job

27

You can trust John

have everything

the way, did you

know

that

Mark

and Susan are

this year

30

any rate,

finally decided

ahead with the new

them that she

would

have finished

the report

They should arrive

that they were able

their house

danger

every time they cross this road

the latest

39.1’m afraid

here

I must

been mistaken

wearing them

random

and started reading

7.4f

Are you selling

14.1n

your

bike for sale?

15.on 16.1

25.at 26.11 27.In

I think

you broke the window deliberately

(PURPOSE)

| think you broke the window

(DANGER)

They told him that

he was

The

driver had

no control over the train

5

at

the same

ume

8 atthe moment

6

inthe 1920s

7a

8Ð 9.d

Wc

12c

3b 1a

22.d 23.d 24.b

25.¢

26.a 2/.C 28.b 29.d 30.b

3

al 4.10

15

no preposition

6.on

7by 8.by-m

Il

Lby 2.by 3.with 4.by

III

1.in Kate’s car

with

a very

good camera

pay cash

or pay

by bus/on

the bus

on buses

la

166 17.6

27.c 28.a

34a 35c 36c

44.c 43a 46b

47.6 46a 49a

central location

due to/owing

heavy cloud

building

would

have been

would

have died

have

caused

even more

28a

29.c

30.b

3a 32.b

33.c

34.¢

35b 36a

37a 38c

VERBS

PREPOSITIONS

AF TER

6

reply

to

9 reason

4

reason

to WOITY

risk

of transmitting

cost

of buying

la 2a

3.Ð

la 12c 13.d 14a 15b

16.b 17.d

-

lỗ

19d 20.c¢

21b 22a

29.a 30.b

3c 32.a 33.6 34.b 35c

36.d 37.4 38.d 39.a 40.d

4a 42c

49.d 50.a

with her brother

your question

in/to working

the cost

of living

6a

7b

8€

9d 10.b