hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì... Chia các động từ sau ở thì Quá khứ đơn, Quá khứ tiếp diễn và Quá khứ hoàn thành1.. Trường hơp dùng độ
Trang 2phong kiến phương tây)
Ex: laughes, units, stops, works,
SH rồi)
Ex: kisses, fixes, prizes, washes, watches, races
khi từ có tận cùng làcác nguyên âm và cácphụ âm hữu thanh cònlại
Ex: drives, reads, goes,tries, learns, dreams
khi từ có tận cùng là cácnguyên âm và các phụ âmhữu thanh còn lại
Ex: played, opened, tried,smiled, loved
Lưu ý: Đuôi “ed” trong các động từ sau khi sử dụng như tính từ sẽ được phát âm là /id/
bất luận “ed” sau âm gì: aged, blessed, crooked, dogged, learned, naked, ragged, wicked
3 Nguyên âm - Vowels (u, e, o, a, i)
a Nguyên âm ngắn - Short vowels
- /ə/: ago, mother, together - /i/: hit, bit, sit
- /u/: put, should, foot - /e/: bed, send, tent, spend
- /æ/: cat, chat, man
b Nguyên âm dài - Long vowels
- /a:/: father, star, car - /ɔː/: sport, more, store
- /ɜː/: bird, shirt, early
c Nguyên âm đôi- Diphthongs
PHẦN 1: CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ
Trang 3- /ei/: day, obey, stay - /ou/: no, go, so
4 Phụ âm - Consonants
- /l/: love, lucky, travel - /z/: zoo, visit
- /r/: river, restaurant - /h/: hat, honey
- /f/: fall, laugh, fiction - /ð/: mother, with, this
- /tʃ/: children, chicken, watch - /ŋ/: thank, sing
BT 2: Chọn từ có phát âm khác với các từ còn lại
1 A talked B fished C arrived D stepped
Trang 4BT 3: Chọn từ có phát âm khác với các từ còn lại
Trang 525 A habit B paper C table D grade
B PHÁT ÂM
I LÍ THUYẾT
1 Đa số động từ có 2 âm tiết, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai.
Ex: relax /rɪˈlæks/ produce /prə'duːs/ include /ɪnˈkluːd/ discover /dɪˈskʌvər
begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ become /bɪˈkʌm/ forget /fərˈɡet/ enjoy /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/
2 Đa số danh từ và tính từ có 2 âm tiết có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.
Ex:action /ˈækʃn/ paper /ˈpeɪpər/ teacher /ˈtiːtʃər/
rainy /ˈreɪni/ active /ˈæktɪv/ happy (adj) /ˈhæpi/
3 Với từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên, trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 tính từ cuối lên.
Ex: economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/ industry /ˈɪndəstri/ intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/
specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/ cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/
4 Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết trước đó nếu các từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi ic, ish, ical, sion, tion, - ance, - ence, - idle, - ious, - iar, - ience, - id, - eous, - ian, - ity.
-Ex: nation /ˈneɪʃn/ entrance /ˈentrəns/ historic /hɪˈstɔːrɪk/
foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/ famous /ˈfeɪməs celebrity /səˈlebrəti/
5 Trọng âm rơi vào chính âm tiết đó nếu các từ có hậu tố: ee, eer, ese, ique, esque, oo, oor.
-Ex: agree /əˈɡriː/ volunteer /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/ picturesque /ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/
unique /juˈniːk/ kangaroo /ˌkæŋɡəˈruː/ Vietnamese /ˌvjetnəˈmiːz/
6 Các từ có hậu tố: - ment, - ship, - ness, - er/ or, - hood, - ing, - en, - ful, - able, - ous, - less thì trọng âm chính của từ không thay đổi.
Ex: poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ => poisonous /ˈpɔɪzənəs/ happy /ˈhæpi/ => happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ => reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ => relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/
7 Các từ tận cùng – graphy, - ate, - logy, - cy, - ity, - phy, - al thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3
từ dưới lên.
Ex: economical /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkl/ geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/
Trang 6technology /tekˈnɑːlədʒi/ demoracy /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/
8 Hầu như các tiền tố không nhận trọng âm.
Ex: dis'cover /dɪˈskʌvər/ re'ply /rɪˈplaɪ/ des'troy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/
9 Các từ 2 âm tiết bắt đầu bằng “a” thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2
Ex: a’bed /əˈbed/ a’gain /əˈɡeɪn/ a’chieve /əˈtʃiːv/
II BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
BT 1: Chọn từ có trọng âm khác với các từ còn lại
16 A study B knowledge C precise D message
17 A contain B express C carbon D obey
18 A impress B favor C occur D police
19 A regret B selfish C purpose D preface
20 A writer B teacher C builder D career
BT 2: Chọn từ có trọng âm khác với các từ còn lại
3 A energy B consequently C application D difficulty
4 A considerable B information C librarian D technician
5 A interviewer B preparation C economics D education
7 A mathematics B engineering C scientific D laboratory
8 A university B application C technology D entertainment
Trang 714 A computer B establish C business D remember
23 A economic B experience C entertainment D introduction
24 A qualification B disappointedly C responsibility D recommendation
26 A traditional B majority C appropriate D electrician
27 A imprisonment B behave C dissatisfied D picturesque
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: THÌ
(TENSES)
Trang 8(+) S + is/ am/ are + O.
(-) S + is/ am/ are + not + O
(?) Is/ am/ are + S + O?
Động từ thường:
(+) S + V-inf/ s/ es + O
(-) S + do/ does + not + V-inf + O
(?) Do/ does + S + V-inf + O?
Các trạng từ chỉ tần suất: Always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, never
Every (day/ week/ night/ month…)
In the morning/ afternoon/ evening
2 Hiện
tại tiếp
diễn
(+) S + is/ am/ are + V-ing + O
(-) S + is/ am/ are + not + V-ing + O
(?) Is/ am/ are + S + V-ing + O?
Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian: Now, right now, currently, at present, today, this week
Các câu cảm thán: Hurry up! Look!
3 Hiện
tại
hoàn
thành
(+) S + has/ have + Ved/ V3 + O
(-) S + has/ have + not + Ved/ V3 + O
(?) Has/ have + S + Ved/ V3 + O?
Just/ ever/ never/ already
(have/ has + just/ ever/ never/ already + Ved/P2)
Since + mốc thời gian
Since + QKĐ, HTHT
For + khoảng thời gian
So far, not yet, up to now, lately, before (cuối câu)
Twice, three times, many times
(+) S + was/ were + V-ing + O
(-) S + was/ were + not + V-ing
+ O
(?) Was/ were + S + V-ing + O?
By + giờ + trạng từ trong quá khứ
Trang 9hoàn
thành
(?) Had + S + Ved/ V3 + O? Các liên từ nối: When/ Before/ By the
time/ After/ As soon as:
Các cụm từ: I hope/ think/ expect/
- Sơ thích ,nghề nghiệp,lịch trình chuyến đi, thời gian biểu
- always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely,never,
- normally, regularly, occasionally, as a rule …-Every day, every week, every month…
- in the morning/afternoon/evening
- Once a week, twice…
- She often goes
- dự định sẽ thực hiện trong tương lai gần
- hành động có tính chất tạm thời
- now, right now
- at the moment -at present, at this time,at that time
- Look!, Listen! - Be quiet!
-Don’t +V
Note: một số động từ
thường không dùng với thì
tiếp diễn: like, dislike,
hate, love, want, prefer,
- He often goes
to work by car,
but today he is taking a bus.
Trang 10+ V-ing
?:(Wh/h) Am / Is /Are
+ S + V-ing?
admire, believe, understand, remember, forget, know, belong, have, taste, smell, be
- hành động vừa mới xảy ra
- lately, recently (gần đây)
- so far, up to now, up to the present (cho tới bây giờ)
- already, ever, never, just, yet,lately,recently
- một chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tục trong quá khứ
- một thói quen trong quá khứ
- yesterday, last week, last month, year…
- The man came
to the door,
unlocked it, entered the room, went to the bed and lay
- hai hành động cùng xảy ra đồng
- at that time, at (9 o’clock) last night, at this time (last week),
When, while
- He was doing
his homework at
8 o’clock last night
- The children
were playing
football while
Trang 11-: S + was / were + not
- already, ever, never, before, by, by the time, after, until, when, …
- When I arrived
at the party, they
had already left.
- I had completed the
- một quyết định được đưa ra vào lúc nói
- tomorrow
- next day,next week,next month…
in +năm tươnglai-In the future
- tonight, soon, someday
Lưu ý cách dùng của Be going to + V1
- diễn tả một dự định đã được sắp đặt trước
Ex: She is going to buy a new computer (She has saved for a year)
- diễn tả một dự đoán có căn cứ
Ex: The sky is absolutely dark It is going to rain.
Note:
- hai hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ:
hành động ngắn dùng thì quá khứ đơn, hành động dài dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Ex: Yesterday morning, I met my friend while I was going to school.
hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì
Trang 12quá khứ đơn
Ex: She went out with her friends after she had finished her homework.
She had finished her homework before she went out with her friends.
Một số cách hòa hợp thì giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề thời gian:
(Mệnh đề chính) (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời
gian)
1 TLĐ + until / when / as soon as + HTĐ I will wait here until she comesback
2 TLĐ + after + HTHT He will go home after he hasfinished his work
3 while / when / as + QKTD, QKĐ While I was going to school, I met
my friend
4 QKĐ + while / when / as + QKTD
It (start) - to rain while the boys (play) - football
5 QKTD + while + QKTD
Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister was playing games
6 HTHT + since + QKĐ I (work) - here since I
(graduate) -
7 After + QKHT, QKĐ After I had finished my homework, I (go)
- to bed
8 Before / By the time + QKĐ + QKHT
Before she (have) - dinner, she (write) - letter
III BÀI TẬP: EXERCISES TENSES
I The simple present tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: He (visit) visits _his parents very often.
He doesn’t visit his parents very often
Does he visit his parents very often?
1 He (go) _to School everyday.
2 She (come) _ from Germany
3 Daisy usually (go) _ to work by car.
Trang 134 We (watch) TV every night.
5 He (walk) to work every day.
6 He (be) in Ca Mau
7 They (be) students
8 She (wash) _her clothes every Sunday.
9 She (study) _English every day.
10 He (want) _ to become a teacher
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present simple tense:
1 She usually (walk) _ to school
2 What time Mary usually (get) up every morning?
3 She (not wash) her clothes every weekend
4 _they (be) teachers?
5 It (not be) often cold in summer
6 Tom usually (walk) _ to school
7 He (be) _ a student
8 I (be) _ sixteen years old
9 They (be) very friendly
10 He often (wash) the car at weekends
11 What time you often (get) up every morning?
12 she (like) English?
13 Every week she (go) to visit her parents
14 What time your father usually (get) _ up?
15 We (not go) to school on Sundays
16 We (not be) _very lazy
17 The Earth (go) _around the Sun
18 I (visit) _my parents very often
19 _he (go) _to school every day?
20 _she (come) _from Japanese?
II The present continuous tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: She (read) is reading _at the moment.
She isn’t reading at the moment
Is she reading at the moment?
1 He (watch) TV right now.
2 At present they (sit) _ in the class.
3 This year we (learn) _ English.
4 Look! Peter (play) football in the schoolyard.
5 Be quiet! The baby (sleep) _.
6 Look! The man (smoke) there.
7 She (write) _ to her parents now.
Trang 148 My father (work) _in the garden at the moment.
9 John (listen) _ to the radio now.
10 He (play) _chess at the moment.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present continuous tense:
1 The workers (work) in the firm at the moment
2 Please be quite! You (make) _ _so much noise so I can’t
concentrate
3 Tony (have) _ _a bath at the moment
4 Listen! He (read) _a story by Shakespeare
5 At present Richard (study) _in London
6 This term I (study) _philosophy and economics
7 Janet (have) _a shower at the moment
8 They (not/study) _at present
9 Yukiko (have) _a bath now
10 We (make) _a cake at the moment
11 Jane (watch) _television at the moment
12 Look! The boy (cry)
13 Alice and Mary (put) _ the dishes away right now
14 The farmer (work) _ in the field now
15 Look! It (snow) _
16 Phong (sleep) _ right now
17 Mother (cook) some food in the kitchen at present
18 Just a minute! I (look up) that word in the dictionary
19 _you (write) a letter now?
20 They (not read) books in the sitting room right now
21 Look! They (play) _ football
22 She (sweep) _ the floor now
23 What she (do) now?
24 She (wash) the clothes at the moment
25 Listen! Peter and Daisy (sing) now
26 My brother (not watch) _TV now He (wash) his car
27 He (study) _ English this month
28 you (work) in the garden now?
29 Peter (talk) to Susan now
30 She (listen) _to the radio in her bedroom at the moment
III The past simple tense
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: He (watch) watched a good programme on TV last night CẤU
TRÚC
Trang 15He didn’t watch a good programme on TV last night
Did he watch a good programme last night?
1 Mary (go) _ shopping for me yesterday.
2 The policeman (drive) away ten minutes ago.
3 The biscuit factory (close) last year.
4 The headmaster (come) _ to the school in 1985.
5 You (spend) a lot of money last month.
6 I last (go) to Spain in 1990.
7 The boy (finish) _their homework yesterday.
8 Rolf (buy) _ the leather jacket last week.
9 I (have) a little trouble with my car last week.
10 She (wash) her clothes last night.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense:
1 They (begin) to study at this school 7 years ago
2 She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning
3 We (visit) _ that city last year
4 Peter and Daisy (be) born in 1978
5 you (spend) _ your holiday in Dalat last summer?
6 She (clean) _the bicycle yesterday
7 They (start) school in 1998
8 My friend and I (go) to the seaside last week
9 We (spend) _ hours on the beach last Sunday
10 He (be) in Ha Noi last year
11 His father (die) _ in 1930
12 Lincoln (work) in this factory three years ago
13 I (do) _my homework last night
14 Miss White (write) to her father last Monday
15 My parents (buy) _the car last year
16 Hoa (read) _the book yesterday
17 He (listen) _to the radio last night
18 We (watch) _ a good programme on TV last night
19 Mary (go) _shopping for me yesterday
20 I (be) _ in Ha Noi last month
21 My parents (go) _to HCM city last week
22 Yesterday we (have) _a meeting at our school
23 Mary (meet) _her parents two week ago
24 She (be) _born in 1992
25 What you (do) _last night
26 Last summer I (study) _English in Can Tho City
27 She (not visit) _her son last week
Trang 1628 In 1997 there (be) _a terrible storm.
29 They (build) _the house twenty years ago
30 John (do not) _come to my birthday party last Sunday
IV.
V The past continuous:
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: At this time yesterday they (play) were playing _ football.
At this time yesterday they were not playing football.
At this time yesterday were they playing football?
1 At this time yesterday we (play) tennis in the schoolyard.
2 At 7:00 pm yesterday (watch) TV.
3 Yesterday while my father (watch) _ TV, my mother (read) the
newspaper, my sister (do) _her homework and I (play)
chess with my friend
4 What were you doing when I phoned you? I (have) a bath.
5 She (do) her homework at the time yesterday.
6 Marry (water) the flowers at 3:00 p.m yesterday.
7 They (visit) the zoo at ten o’clock yesterday.
8 Peter and I (do) _the exercise at this time last night.
9 Last night my father (feed) the pigeons at 7:00.
10 At this time last year we (learn) _English in London.
Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense or the past continuous:
1 When I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep)
2 The light (go) _ out while we (have) _dinner
3 Bill (have) breakfast when I (stop) _ at this house this morning
4 When I (arrive) _at this house, he still (sleep) _
5 As we (cross) the Street, we (see) an accident
6 Tom (see) _a serious accident while he (stand) at the bus stop
7 The children (play) football when their mother (come) _back home
8 The bell (ring) while Tom (take) _ a bath
9 He (sit) in a car when I (see) him
10 We (clean) _the house when she (come)
_yesterday
VI.The present perfect tense:
Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question :
Example: She (be) has been here for several days
She has not been here for several days.
Has she been here for several days?
1 Tom (see) this film before.
2 I (finish) my exercise already.
Trang 173 They (live) here since 1990.
4 My father (just wash) his car.
5 The students (discuss) the question recently.
6 Mary (never, be) to Ha Noi.
7 We (know) each other for 5 years.
8 So far we (learn) five lessons.
9 We (be) pen pals for a long time.
10 They (stay) here since last week.
Exercise 2:
1 Bob (see) this movie before
2 Sandra (lend) her brother $ 200 so far
3 Rashid (just pass) his driving test
4 Karen (study) Italian for three years now and is still studying
5 The teacher (already, tell) to be quite
6 Tim (not, take) many photos yet
7 Jorge (read) the newspaper already
8 We (not begin) _ to study for the test yet
9 John and I (be) pen pals for nearly 3 years
10 He (wear) _ the same coat since he (move) _ here
11 I (not see) _ your brother recently
12 They (not contact) _ to each other for a long time
13 How long _you (study) English?
14 How many times _ you (see) _him since he went to Edinburgh?
15 Who is that woman? I (never/ see) _ her before
16 We (be) from French We (be) there for 20 years
17 I (see) that film several times because I like it
18 Mary (lose) _ her hat for 2 days
19 He (not finish) _ doing it yet
20 He (not see) him since Christmas
21 (live) _in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975
22 He (just see) her
23 They (already show) _ the film
24 I’m sorry the car is not here I (just sell) it
25 The Bakers (be) in New York for 3 months
26 My brother (use) this computer for 2 years
27 They (live) in this street for a long time
28 Mr Green (teach) French since he left London in 1997
29 She (not speak) _ to me since last week
30 Up to now, Hoa (work) _ very hard
VII The past perfect tense:
Trang 181 Yesterday they (go) home after they (finish) their work.
2 When we came to the stadium, the match (already start) _
3 Many people (move) _ to the new place before the storm occurred
4 I sat down ant rested after they (go) _
5 Before he died, he (be) _ ill for several days
6 Last night before he (watch) _ TV, he (do) _ the exercise
7 She went to the department after her (clean) _ the floor
8 When I got to the party, they (go) _ home
9 By the time the police arrived, the house (be) _ burned down
10 By last year, twenty schools in this province (be) _ built
VIII. The future simple tense Put the verb in the future simple tense.
1 you (take) _ at trip to London next week
2 She (water) _ the flowers next month
3 They (build) a new bridge in this province next year
4 Tomorrow she (send) _ the letter to Ha Hoi
5 In 2010 she (move) _ to live in Ho Chi Minh City
6 I (meet) _ my parents in an hour
7 I think it (be) _ sunny tomorrow
8 I am sure he (pass) _ the exam
9 I (stay) _ at home if it rains
10 He (send) the letter when he goes to the post office
VI/ The present simple or the present continuous tense:
1 My father (have) coffee for breakfast every day
2 His sister (study) in a shoe store this summer
3 The students (look) _ up that new word now
4 Mary (go) to school every day
5 They (do) this exercise at the moment
6 Ms Eden (read) _ a newspaper now
7 It (rain) very much in the summer It (rain) _ now
8 Bad students never (study) hard
9 He generally (sing) in English, but today he (sing) in Spanish
10 We seldom (eat) before 6.30
11 She sometimes (buy) _vegetables at his market
12 We always (do) _ our exercises carefully
13 Look! A man (run) after the train He (want) _ to catch it
14 It (be) very cold now
15 John (travel) to England tomorrow
16 I (need) some money for my textbooks
17 Tom (like) to go to the museums
18 Mary (love) ice-cream
Trang 1919 My mother (cook) some food in the kitchen at present She always (cook) in the mornings.
20 I often (leave) the city at weekends
21 The guests (watch) the TV programes now
22 The sun (set) in the west
23 My friend (study) English for an hour every night
24 Listen! I (hear) _ someone knocking at the front door
BT 3 Chia các động từ sau ở thì Quá khứ đơn, Quá khứ tiếp diễn và Quá khứ hoàn thành
1 When the police (arrive) _, the car (go) _
2 While we (do) a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) _ on the beach
3 They (eat) _ everything by the time they (arrive) _ at the party
4 While Tom (play) _ the piano, his mother (do) _ the washing-up
5 I (go) _ after they (finish) _ their work
6 The light went out while I (have) _ dinner
7 He (do) _ nothing before he (see) _ me
8 When they (get) _ the station, the train (leave) _
9 The house (catch) _ fire while they were sleeping
10 While Tom was reading, Amely (watch) _ a documentary on TV
11 The burglar (open) _ the safe when he (hear) _ footsteps Heimmediately (put) _ out his torch and (crawl) _ under the bed
12 Last night I (drop) _ a plate when I (do) _ the washing-up.Fortunately it (not/break) _
13 Mary and I (dance) _ the house when the telephone rang
14 I (open) _ the letter when the wind (blow) _ it out of my hand
15 The boy fell and hurt himself while he (ride) _ a bicycle
BT 4 Chia các động từ sau ở thì Hiện tại đơn, Tương lai đơn và Tương lai tiếp diễn
1 When you (go) _ into the office, Mr John (sit) _ at the front desk
2 Our English teacher (explain) _ that lesson to us tomorrow
3 We (wait) _ for you when you (get) _ back tomorrow
4 What _ you (do) _at 7:00 pm next Sunday?
I (practice) _ my English lesson then
5 When I see Mr Pike tomorrow, I (remind) _ him of that
6 When you (come) _ next Monday, I (work) _at my desk
7 He (work) _ on the report at this time tomorrow
8 Please wait here until you (see) _ her
9 The Browns (do) _ their housework when you (come) _ next Sunday
10 Don't leave until you (see) _ her
Question: Put the verbs in the correct form
1 I enjoy (fish) _ because it (be) _relaxing
3 What your mother often (do) _ at weekends?
4 I think, in the future people (not play) individual games
Trang 205 We find (arrange) _ flowers interesting because it (help) _us relax.
6 We (go) to that village to do volunteer work last week
7 My uncle (move) to Da Lat in 2005
8 My parents (buy) this house 20 years ago
9 The students ( not be) _at school on last Monday
10 Lan (be ) at home when we went out
11 Where you (be) last Sunday?
12 They (help) the elderly people cook food some days ago?
13 My father (not play) _any sport since last year
14.Tom (call) his boss yesterday
15.My uncle (move) to Da Lat in 2005
16.The Greens (be) _to many countries in the world so far
17.We (go) _to that village to do volunteer work several times
18 We (spend) ……… our summer vacation in Ha Long Bay last July
19 I (hear) ……… the good news from Mary a few minutes ago
20 ……… you (finish) ……… your homework yet?
21 Don’t worry we (go) ……… swimming with you tomorrow
22 She often (go) to the market with her mother every weekend
23 We (visit) Hue next month
24 My younger sister (collect) dolls two years ago
25 you ever (do) volunteer work ?
26.He usually (go) ……… fishing on Saturdays
27.My brother used to ( go )……… to work by motorbike Now he cycles
28.How about (see) ……… a movie on Sunday evening ?
29.An didn’t used (play) ……… football in the afternoon Now he often does it
30.Nam (learn) ……… English for 8 years
31.Last night, my father ( watch) ……… TV
32.They are interested in ( arrange)……… flowers
33 I like ( work) ……… as a volunteer for that orphanage
34 She loves (swim) _ with you tomorrow
35.My friends hate (eat) _ out
36.My parents like (live) _ in the countryside
37 We enjoy (watch) _ the latest films
39.This house (build)………two years ago
39 Mr Dam ( organize)……….his 34th birthday last week
40 My cousin( visit)………Son Doong last summer vacation
41 When I arrived her house yesterday, she ( have )………dinner
42 He ( work ) ……… for a big company since he ( graduate )…………from university.43.He ( always complain )………… her studying
Trang 2142.I hope I ( pass ) ………the exam.
43 At this time next week, They ( take ) ………an exam
41 (you/ be) free next Sunday?
42 I (collect) _ a lot of stamps from foreign countries so far
43 Nam’s friends often (give) him stamps from other countries
44 My sister (practice) the guitar twice a week
45 They (give) _ a party next week
46 Lan ( invite) ……….to the party tomorrow
47 We (live) near Nam’s house, but we (not see) him
very often
48 My brother usually (go) ……… fishing in his free time
49 We (not like) ……… roller skating because it’s dangerous
50 I think 20 years from now more people (take up) ……… outdoor activities
Ex:
1 My father (plant) some fruit trees in the garden now
2 What your father (do) in the evening?
- He usually (watch) TV but sometimes he (read) book
3 Hoa's brother (be) an engineer, but now he (not work) at the moment
4 We (not go) to the zoo very often
5 Lan and Phong (be) in the kitchen They (cook) dinner
6 What about (play) soccer this afternoon?
7 My sister (be) in the garden She (water) the flowers
8 Be quiet! I (study)
9 Look! The plane (fly) toward the airport It (land)
10 What you (feel) now? - I (feel) hot
11 We'll go out when the rain (stop)
12 I (stay) here until he (answer) me
13 Wait until I (watch) you
14 I (send) you some postcards as soon as I (arrive) in London
15 Listen! Birds (sing)
16 She (not come) until you (be) ready
17 Bears (like) honey
18 What you (do) now? - We (play) soccer
19 Mr Thanh (teach) me English
20 Where your mother (be)?
- She (be) in the bathroom May be, she (have) a bath
21 My father (jog) every morning
22 Look! The bus (come) It (stop) here
23 The birds (build) their nests when the spring (come)
24 We (visit) Huong pagoda next week
Trang 2225 She (have) a meeting tonight.
26 Mai (brush) her teeth after meals
27 He (have) a lot of friends soon
28 They (live) with her grand mother in HN now
29 She (be) 12 on her next birthday
10 Poor him! He (not have) any money in his pockets
30 Mr Thanh (be) a doctor He (work) in a hospital in the city center Everyday he (catch) the bus to work
31 What your father (do) now?
- He (plant) trees in the garden
32 We (not go) camping next week We (visit) the museum
33 Miss Lien is a journalist She (write) for Lao Dong newspaper She (not write) for Nhan Dan newspaper
34 I like (join) your English club
35 We often (play) tennis in the afternoon
36 Long (watch) TV an hour everyday
37 He (take) part in the march on May Day at present
38 My sister (listen) to music in her free time
39 What your mother often (do) in the evening?
- She often (play) card but today she (make) cake in the kitchen
40 Hoa's husband (be) an engineer, but he (not work) at the moment
41 Trang usually (look) out of the window while the teacher (teach)
42 Where is your father?
- He (be) in the bathroom He (brush) his teeth
43 Be careful! That bike (break)
44 Lan likes (play) games on computer
45 He ia tall enough (play) basketball
46 When I was a child, I used to (study) hard
47 I (live) here since last week
48 They (know) each other for 2 years
49 My sister love (read) in her free time
50 My sister is old enough (drive) a car
51 My father used to (smoke) a lot two years ago
52 We (not see) her since yesterday
53 Nam (learn) English for two years
54 We like (watch) TV after school
55 I'm very busy at the moment I (decorate) the sitting room
56 I always (buy) lottery but I never (win) anything
57 I (get) it in a car accident two days ago
58 She (teach) English at ML school for 8 years
Trang 2359 I never (forget) what you (just tell) me
60 Long (work) at U so far
61 My teacher wasn't at home when we (arrive) He (just go) out
62 My father (not smoke) for 5 years
63 People (speak) E all over the world
64 Where are you, Nam? - I'm upstairs I (have) a bath
65 Some one (cut) down all the trees in the garden
66 Listen! The birds (sing)
67 Mr Nam (buy) that motorbike since last September
68 Manh (watch) a film on TV at 8 last night
69 Some animals (not eat) during winter
70 Be quiet! The teacher (be) angry
71 The birds (build) their nests when Spring (come)
72 My parents (give) me a new bike on my next birthday
73 Why didn't you listen while I (speak) to you?
74 Up to now, the teacher (give) us 5 tests
75 We (be) in grade 8 this year
76 Hoa and Lan (buy) some books yesterday
77.Our friends (watch) a game on TV at the moment
78 Ba’s teacher (give) him a lot of homework last week
79.Our class (go) to the zoo next week
80 Their grandmother (tell) them a lot of stories last year
81 Look! Lan (wear) a new dress
82.They enjoy (watch) TV
83 Hoa’s mother (go) shopping everyday
84 We(visit) our grandparents this weekend
85 I (receive) a letter yesterday
86 Listen! The birds (sing) beautifully
87 We (live) in a big city
88 She (have) breakfast at 7 a.m every morning
89 They (learn) something about Geography
90 Lan (help) her mother with the houseworks
91 My sister(listen) to music at the moment
92 The children often (play) pingpong after school
93 Lan (spend) most of her time with Lien, her best friend
94 Tam (watch) TV every night
95 you (do) the homework yet?
96 It is very exciting (see) that film
97 Lan (see) this film three times
98 We (wait) you since two o’clock
Trang 2499 My brother is good at (fix) things.
100 May I (go) out now , Mom?
101.We (not go) to the cinema last week
102 Mrs Loan (teach) us Math two years ago
103 Last Sunday, Daisy (iron) all her clothes
104.She (do) her homework recently
105.I want (come) with my mother
BT 5 Chọn đáp án đúng nhất
1 He _to New York three times this year
2 The second World War _in 1939
3 We as soon as you have finished your work
4 I the book by the time you come tonight
A will be finishing B have finished C will have finished D finished
5 Television _ very popular since 1950s
6 Peter _ at the moment, so he can't answer the phone
7 Don't go anywhere until I back
8 The King just here yesterday
9 It is the largest ship I _
10 At 8 o’clock this evening, my friends and I a famous film in the cinema
A will watch B watched C will be watching D have watched
11 Mary an hour ago
12 This is the house that Jack _ three years ago
13 Don't make noise My mother _with her friends
14 She the piano since she was ten years old
A played B has played C plays D had played
15 Up to now, I _ a lot of information about her
16 Mary _ in London for 15 years
17 I'm hungry now I _ anything today
Trang 25A didn't eat B haven't eaten C don't eat D won't eat
18 When we arrived home last night, everybody _
A has already slept B had already slept C was already sleeping D already sleeping
19 Mark Twain _ loved his wife before he met her
20 How since we left school?
A will you B have you been C are you D are you being
21 They _ a presentation at this time tomorrow morning
A are making B are going to make C will be making D will making
22 Mary an hour ago
23 What will Nam do when he school next year?
A could finish B will finish C has finished D finishes
24 I in Hanoi before I moved to HCM City
A had been living B had lived C have lived D have been living
25 When I was a boy, I _tea to coffee
A preferred B was preferring C have preferred D prefer
26 He went back to work in his country after he his course on Advanced Engineering in London
27 He up his mind yet
A hasn't made B didn't make C wasn't making D wasn't make
28 I TV while my father a newspaper last night
A am watching / was reading B was watching / was reading
C am watching / is reading D was watching / is reading
29 Tom and Mary _for Vietnam tomorrow
30 The science lessons in this class difficult today
A are B be C was D is
31 - Peter, please help me do the washing up - Sorry, Mum I TV
32 He has _ in giving up smoking
33 While I TV last night, a mouse ran across the room
34 It rained yesterday after it _ dry for months
35 I’m going on holiday This time next week I _on the beach in the sea
36 We must start now The next train _ at 2:15 p.m
37 The motorway in 1986
Trang 2638 What were you _ at 8:00 last night?
39 She'll be a millionaire by the time she _ forty
40 People English and French in Canada
C.SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT (Sự hịa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ)
A Trường hơp dùng động từ ở dang số ít
_ Khi chủ ngữ là những danh từ có hình thức số nhiều nhưng thực tế chúng là những danh từ số ít ( những danh từ đề cậpđến các môn học, chứng bệnh, danh từ riêng )
+ News
+ Diseases : measles, mumps, rickets,……
+ Subject : Linguistics , Economies , Physic , Phonetics , pholitics,….+ Proper nouns : Algiers, Athens , Brussels, Marseilles, The United States, The United Nations, Wales,………
Ex1 Mathematics is fun.
Ex2 The United States lies between Canada and Mexico.
_ Khi chủ ngữ la danh tử chỉ tiền bạc, thời gian, khỏang cách
Ex Three years is a long time to wait.
_ Khi chu ngữ la 1 đại từ bất định : each, any, one, everyone,
someone, anyone, every, either, neither, another, something…
Ex1 Each of the boys has a bicycle.
Ex2 Someone has taken my pencil.
_ Khi chủ ngữ la 1 mệnh đề
Ex That you get high mark in school is very good.
_ Khi những chủ ngữ đều ở số ít được nối kết với nhau
bằng : with, as well as, together with, along with, no less than,….thì động từ ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít
Ex1 The old man with his dog passes my house every morning Ex2 Mr Johnson as well as his assistants has arrived.
B Trương hợp dùng động từ ở dạng số nhiều
_ Khi hai hay nhiều chủ ngữ được nối kết với nhau bằng : and
Ex Lan and Tam are classmates in this school year.
_ Khi chủ ngữ la 1 đại từ : several, both, many, few, all, some
Ex Several of the students are absent.
_ Khi chủ ngữ là 1 danh từ được thành lập bởi mạo từ
The+Adjective để chỉ 1 nhóm người có chung 1 đặc điểm hay phẩm chất : The poor, The rich, The blind,…
Ex The poor living here need help.
C Động từ có thể dùng số ít hoặc số nhiều tùy
trừơng hợp.
_ Hai chủ ngữ nối kết với nhau bằng : Either……Or ,
Neither…….Nor , Or , Not only… But also thì động từ phù hợp với chủ ngữ thứ 2
Trang 27Ex1 Neither her mother nor her father wants her to be a
teacher
Ex2 Either he or I am going to to come.
_ The number of : động từ ở ngôi thứ 3 số ìt
A number of : động từ ở ngôi thứ 3 số nhiều
Ex1 The number of books in the library is large.
Ex2 A number of students are ready for the exam.
_ Một danh từ tập hợp như : family, group, team,……la tập hợp nhiều cá nhân trong cùng đơn vị, tùy theo ý nghĩa ma động từ ở dạng số ít hay số nhiều
Ex The family is the basic unit of society
The family have the same ideas
_ Khi danh từ đứng sau các thành ngữ chỉ phân số hay tỷ lệ
ma làm chủ ngữ ( one third of the , Half of the……., All of
the…… ) thì động từ có thề ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít hay ngôi thứ 3 số nhiều tùy theo danh từ làm chủ ngữ đó số ít hoặc số nhiều
Ex1 One third of the oranges are mine.
One third of the milk is enough.
Ex2 All of the students have been rewarded
All of the money has been spent
EXERCISEs
I>USE THE RIGHT FORM OF THE VERB
1 Three months (be) a long time to wait
2 Five dollars (be) too much to pay for that book
3 A number of books (be) on the table
4 The number of students in this class (be) limited to thirty
5 It (be) my two brothers who (be) hurt
6 It (be) the children playing upstairs
7 Neither of the answers (be) correct
8 Neither (be) to blame
9 Everybody (have) a good time
10.Either your key or my key (be) missing
11.John or his brothers (be) going to help me
12.Bread and butter (be) all he asked for
13.The author and lecturer (be) arriving today
14.My old friend and colleague, George (be) in town
15.The pen and paper (be) on the desk
16.Jim and Joe (be) roommates
17.The boxes of candy (be) on the table
18.The package of cigarettes (be) on the table
19.Oranges and cream (be) perishable and should be refrigerated
20.Oranges and tangerine (be) delicious
Trang 2821.Most of the members (be) happy.
22.Half of the students (be) looking out
23.Some of the sugar (was/were) spilt on the floor
24.There (be) plenty of time
25.There (be) a lot of lakes
26.I, your master, (command) you
27.My wife, not my friends, ( is waiting/are waiting) for me
28.Early to bed and early to rise (make) a man healthy, wealthy and wise
29.Either the mayor or the eldermen (be) to blame
30.Not John but his brothers (be) to blame
31.A fever, a mutilation, a cruel disappointment, a loss of wealth, a loss of friends (seem)
at the moment untold loss
32.A cart and horse (was/were) seen at a distance
33.Her principal anxiety (was/were) her children
34.Nobody not John and William (was/were) there
35.Man, no less than the lower forms of life (be) a product of the evolutionary process.36.The girl, as well as the boys, (has/have) learnt to ride
37.The bat together with the ball (was/were) stolen
38.The newspaper and the dictionary (be) on the table
39.Here (be) bread and the dictionary
40.Here (be) bread and butter for breakfast
41.The ship with its load of timer (be) leaving the port today
42.Noone (be) eager to be examined the first
43.It (be) her lies that ( irritake) me so much
44.Three fourths of the wall (be) painted
45.Two fifths of the members (be) present
46.Two times two (make) four
47.Two 2’s (make ) four
48.Two plus two (be) four
49.How many (be) six and five?
50.Nine from fourteen (be) five
51.Twenty years (be) not a long period of time in human history
52.Five dimes (make) fifty cents
53.Five dollars (be) a small sum
54.“ The three Musketeers” (be) written by Alexandre Dumas
55.You don’t have to say much , a word or two (be) sufficient
56.These (be) one or two things I’d like to talk over with you
Trang 2957.The number of new books in our library (be) ever growing.
58.A number of new books in our library (be) displayed at the book show
59.Our only guide ( be) stars
60.There (be) a lot of traffic on this road
II>Choose the corect answer in the parentheses
1 The weather in the southern states ( gets, get) very hot during the summer.
2 The result of Dr Noll’s experiment( was,were) published in a scientific journal.
3 Bob and his friends( is,are) coming to the anniversary party tomorrow night.
4 Every man, woman, and child (is,are) protected under the law.
5 Washing the dishes (is, are) the children’ job
6 A lot of the students (is, are) already here.
7 Some of the furniture in our apartment (is, are) secondhand
8 Some of the desks in the classroom (is, are) broken.
9 At least three-quarters of that book on famous Americans (is, are) about people who lived
in the 19th century
10. One of the coutries I would like to visit (is, are) Italy
11. Some of the cities I would like to visit (is, are) Rome and Vience
12. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book
13. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book
14. None of the students ( was,were) late today
15. the number of students in this room right now (is, are) twenty
16. A number of students in the class ( speaks,speak) English well
17. There (is, are) some interesting pictures in today paper
18. There (is, are) an incorrect statement in that newspaper article
19. The United States (is, are) lacated in North America
20. Economics (is, are) Don’s favourite subjects
21. Ten minutes (is, are) more than enough time to complete this exercise
22. Most people (likes,like) to go to the zoo
23. The police (is, are) coming I’ve already called them
24. Japanese (is, are) very difficult for English speakers to learn
25. the Japanese (has, have) a long and interesting history
26. The old in my country (is, are) cared for by their children and grandchildren
27 This exercise on singular- plural agreement of subjects and verbs (is, are) easy.
28 The extent of Jane’s knowledge on various complex subjects ( astounds Astound: lam
kinh ngac) me
29 The subjects you will be studying in this cource (is, are) listed in the syllabus.
30 Massachutes and Connecticut (is, are) located in New England.
Trang 3031 Only the black Widow spider, or all of the spiders in the United States, ( has,have)
caused death among human being
32 The professor and the student ( agree, agrees) on that point.
33 Almost every professor and student at the Universary ( approves, approve) of the choice
or Dr.Brown as the new president
34 Each girl and boy in the sixth- grade class( has,have) to do a science project.
35 Getting to know students from all over the world (is, are) one of the best parts of my job.
36 Annie had a hard time when she was coming home from the store because the bag of
groceries ( was,were) too heavy for her to carry
37 where ( do, does) your parents live?
38 Why ( was,were) Susan and Alex late the meeting?
39 (Is, are) having the respondsibility for taking care of pets good for young children?
40 Some of the fruit in this bowl (is, are) rotten
41 Some of the apples in that bowl (is, are) rotten
42 Half of the students in the class (is, are) from Arabic- speaking countries.
43 Half of this money ( belong, belongs) to you.
44 A lot of students in the class (is, are) from Southeast Asia.
45 A lot of clothing in those stores (is, are) on sale this week.
46. One of my best friends (is, are) coming to visit me next week
47. Each boy in this class ( has,have) his own notebook
Trang 31CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: CÂU PHỨC (COMPOUND SENTENCES)
Mệnh đề đi liền với liên từ trong câu phức chính là mệnh đề phụ thuộc
Nếu mệnh đề phụ thuộc nằm phía trước mệnh đề độc lập thì giữa 2 mệnh đề phải có dấu phẩy, còn lại thì không
2 Một số liên từ phụ thuộc phổ biến
As if/
As though(như thế là)
Since/
Because/ As(bởi vì)
In order to/
so that (để mà)Before
(trước đây)
Even if(dù là/ mặc dù)
If (nếu)
Once/ When /As(khi/ một khi)
Whereas/ While(trong khi đó)
As long as
(miễn là)
In case (trong trường hợp)
Unless (nếu không)
Until (cho đến khi)
3 Các loại mệnh đề phụ thuộc thường gặp
1 Mệnh đề phụ thuộc chỉ lí do:
- Trả lời cho câu hỏi tại sao
- Thường bắt đầu với các liên từ: because, since, as, …
I did it because there was no one else to do it
2 Mệnh đề phụ thuộc chỉ thời gian:
- Nói về thời gian hành động diễn ra khi nào
- Thường được bắt đầu với các liên từ: when, while,
before, after, as soon as, …
As soon as you are ready, we shall go
3 Mệnh đề phụ thuộc chỉ sự nhượng bộ:
- Diễn tả kết quả bất ngờ, ngoài sức mong đợi
- Thường được bắt đầu với các liên từ: although, even
though, though, even if,
Although it rained, he went out all the same
4 Mệnh đề phụ thuộc chỉ mục đích:
- Nói về mục đích của hành động trong mệnh đề độc lập
- Thường được bắt đầu với các liên từ: so that/ in order
that, …
He was speaking very quietly
so that it was dificult to hear what he said
Trang 32II BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
BT 1 Khoanh vào đáp án đúng
1 My mother used to tell me stories _ I went to bed
A since B until C before
2 You’d beter take the keys _ I’m out
A in case B since C after
3 My brother likes eating fried chicken _ it’s very bad for his health
A because B although C when
4 Yesterday, Jim was playing the piano _ his sister was playing the flute
A as B although C while
5 You shouldn't spend too much time on computer _ it is harmful to your eyes
A as B when C although
6 I will phone you _ I get there
A while B as soon as C until
7 The scientist usually works in his lab _ the sun sets
A until B as soon as C although
8 _ you promise not to tell lies again, I won't forgive you
A If B Even if C Unless
9 _ her legs were hurt, she made attempt to finish the running track
A Even if B As if C Even though
10 She talked _ she witnessed the accident But in fact she knew nothing
A as if B even though C even if
11 I didn't finish my homework _ I was seriously ill yesterday
A when B though C since
12 James decides to save money from now he has enough money to travel this summer
A so that B though C when
13 _ we have been friends for only one year, we deeply understand each other
A If B Though C Once
14 Mr Smith doesn't like dogs, _ his wife loves them
A when B so that C whereas
15 I was cycling home yesterday _ I saw Jim standing near the fountain
A when B while C since
BT 2 Hoàn thành các câu sau bằng các liên từ cho sẵn
1 _ Jim came home, he realized that someone had broken into his house
2 You’d better bring your raincoat _ rain pour down
3 They have been colleagues _ they graduated
4 _ Jim puts more effort in his studying, he won't catch up with his classmates
5 My mother always reminds me to wash my hands _I have meals
6 We will go picnicking _ the weather is fine
7 James behaved _ nothing had happened
Trang 338 I can't make it on Saturday _ I will be fully occupied.
9 When I got home, my father was mowing the lawn _ my mother was watering the flower
10 _ I don't get on well with Mary, I really admire her intelligence and beauty
BT 3 Điền liên từ thích hợp và chỗ trống để hoàn thành những câu sau
1 it's pouring with rain, we are going for a walk in the park
2 she hands in the assignment before Tuesday, she will get very bad mark
3 He decided to trust Jim this time he was not an honest man
4 Jennifer decided to break up with Peter he didn't spend much time with her
5 Danny bought a new car his old car was still in good condition
6 I will be in great trouble my mother knows my final test scores
7 Janice will have finished the report the time you receive the letter
8 The concert will be cancelled no more tickets are sold
9 Children are not allowed to enter this place they are accompanied by adults
10 You should bring your coats the temperature falls at night
11 my sister doesn’t like eating salad, she eats it regularly to keep fit
12 I won’t come to Jim’s party he invites me
13 you tell me the truth, I can’t help you
14 the firemen arrived, the fire had already been put out by the local residents
15 You can leave early you want to
Trang 34- Tiểu từ có thể là 1 trạng từ hoặc 1 giới từ hoặc cả hai (ví dụ: back, on, through, off, up,…)
- Khi thêm tiểu từ vào sau động từ, cụm động từ thường có ý nghĩa khác hẳn so với động từ ban đầu
- Ví dụ: You can look up any new words in your dictionary
2 Ý nghĩa phổ biến của 1 số tiểu từ trong cụm động từ
up Diễn đạt vị trí hướng lên trên hoặc ý kết
thúc, hoàn thành tất cả
We ate all the food up.
down Diễn đạt vị trí hướng xuống dưới hoặc hành
động có xu thế giảm/ chặn lại
Well have to cut down the expenses
on Diễn đạt ý ở trên, dựa trên You should put on formal clothes in a
meeting
in Diễn đạt ý ở trong, xu hướng đi vào trong Make sure to leave the office by 5:00 pm
or you will be locked in.
out Diễn đạt vị trí phía ngoài hoặc ý hànhđộng
đến tận cuối/ cạn kiệt
I couldn't figure him out.
off Diễn đạt ý rời đi chỗ khác hoặc thay đổi
trạng thái
I've sent off the letter you wrote to the
newspaper
for Diễn đạt mục đích hướng tới của hành động He oftens asks his parents for money.
with Diễn tả ý có người hoặc vật cùng tham gia
If you look through something, you read
it quickly and not very carefully
back Diễn tả ý trở lại/ quay lại Please send the jacket back if it is the
wrong size
away Diễn tả trạng thái dời đi hoặc tạo ra khoảng
cách
Put away your toys, Jack!
around Diễn tả hành động mang tính giải trí, không
rõ mục đích hoặc không cần quá tập trung
I hate the way he lies around all day
watching TV
Một số cụm động từ đi liền với nhau
a Cụm động từ kết hợp với 1 tiểu từ
Get up (thức dậy) Find out (tìm hiểu thông tin) Look through (đọc)
Pass down (truyền lại) Live on (sống nhờ bằng) Come back (trở lại)
Turn down (từ chối) Set up (sắp đặt, chuẩn bị) Hold on (chờ đợi)
Trang 35Turn up (xuất hiện) Show off (khoe khoang) Count on = rely on (tin tưởng)Deal with (giải quyết) Grow up (lớn lên) Work out (tìm ra cách giải
quyết)Give up (từ bỏ) = quit Carry out (thực hiện) Drop by (ghé qua)
Break down (đổ vỡ, hỏng) Bring out (phát hành) Bring up (nuôi dưỡng)
Take up (bắt đầu hoạt
động)
Agree on st (đồng ý việc gì)Agree with sb (đồng ý với ai)
Believe in (tin tưởng)
Take off (cất cánh/ cởi) Use up (cạn kiệt) Look for (tìm kiếm)
Take over (đảm nhận) Look after = take care of (chăm
Come down with (mắc bệnh) Cut down on (cắt giảm) Get on with (hòa hợp với)Run out of (cạn kiệt) Go through with (kiên trì, bền
bỉ)
Stay away from (tránh xa)
Get rid of (loại bỏ) Go along with (đồng ý với) Make up for (đền bù)
z
4 Một số cụm động từ được ngăn cách bởi tân ngữ
Pay sb back (trở nợ ai) Take st off (cởi cái gì) See sb off (tạm biệt ai)
Tell sb off (la rầy ai đó) Pick sb up (đón ai) Put st on (mặc cái gì vào)
Drop sb off (thả ai xuống xe) Make st up (bịa chuyện) Put st/ sb out (đưa ai/ cái gì ra
ngoài)Turn sb/ st down (từ chối ai/ cái
gi)
Put st away (cất đi) Cut st into (cắt vật gì thành)
Get sb down (làm ai thất vọng) Put st down (ghi chép
lại)
Take st/ sb back to (đem trả lại)
II BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
BT 1 Khoanh vào đáp án đúng
1 They have turned (down/ up) Jim's application for the job.
2 You may have to deal (with/ about) many problems in the workplace.
3 Small birds mainly live (on/ off) insects.
4 When does the plane take (off/ up)?
5 Why did you decide to take (on/ up) skiing?
6 Remember to warm (up/ down) carefully before you play sports.
7 There's no need to dress (up/ down) It is just an informal party
8 Have you worked (out / in) the solution yet?
9 Oops, I think we're run out (of/ on) petrol.
10 Jim seems not to get (on/ off) well with his classmates.
Trang 3611 My husband has decided to set (up/ down) a business on his own
12 Do you think James will find (out / up) the truth?
13 Does Jim have many friends to count (on/ off) in difficult time?
14 Yesterday, my uncle dropped (to/ by) my house to the surprise of everyone.
15 Were you brought (up/ in) by your grandparents?
16 Who does Jim take (after/ in)?
17 I am waiting (after/ for) the result of the test.
18 They haven't agreed (on/ with) what make of car they would buy.
19 "Who did you run (out of/ into) yesterday?" - "It was my old teacher."
20 If we don't conserve the natural gas, it will soon be used (up/ to)?
21 After years of being badly treated, James doesn't believe (about/ in) the good things in life any
more
22 Why did you stay (up/ on) so late last night?
23 When Mr Brown went on a business trip , Mrs Smith took (over/ off) his work.
24 Jim promised to pick (on/ up) me from the airport.
25 Peter took (off/ up) his rain coat before he came in.
26 Many of my friends came to the airport to see (over/ off) me.
27 The teacher told us to put (away/ down) interesting details of the presentation
28 It is the shared mind that keeps (up/ together) us.
29 My mother told me to (put/ get) on warm clothes before I went out.
30 Jim really (got/ put) me down when he forgot my birthday.
31 My father never (tells/ drops) me off but my mother is always shouting at me.
32 I couldn't believe she (turned/ got) down my invitation for the second time.
33 My mother often lets me (look/ take) after my younger brother.
34 "Why did she (break/ stay) up with you?” - "She said I didn't care much about her."
35 Please (drop/ tell) me off in front of the theater
36 We've been (saving/ looking) up to travel to New York this summer.
37 Have you (take/ put) out clean towels for the guests?
38 I remember (paying/ looking) Jim back but he kept asking me for his money.
39 Jim's poor test results (got/ looked) his parents down.
40 My grandmother (died/ passed) away before I was born.
BT 2 Điền một động từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu dưới đây
1 Sometimes I back on my childhood and realize how happy I was as a kid.
2 James is quite easy going He can on well with many types of people
3 Peter has been absent from school for 2 weeks due to his illness It may be difficult for him to up with his classmates
4 Did you watch the film last night? Do you know how the villain back on the hero?
5 Mr/Smith decided to up smoking because the doctor warned him of getting lung cancer
6 He could with all kinds of people because it was part of his job as a receptionist
7 Jim was sad because Jane down his invitation to the prom
8 It is important to down our sugar consumption every day
9 It's time you have to up to these problems on your own
Trang 3710 I forward to hearing from you soon.
BT 3 Hoàn thành các câu sau đây bằng những cụm động từ cho sẵn
1 This singer will _ a new album this year
2 Peter is very reliable You can _ him
3 You should your essay _ 500 words
4 Jim is depressed as he has been _ by five companies so far
5 I can't _ such disturbing noise any more
6 My mother is always _ me
7 Mr.Smith has _ golf
8 Are you tired of _ complained from your customer?
9 How are you now? I heard that you _ flu last week
10 _! I think we’ve got lost This isn’t the right road
BT 4 Hoàn thành câu bằng cách điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống
1 Peter always look _ to his senior colleagues
2 Mary is going _ a singing competition
3 Nothing can make _ the loss of my cat
4 Jim didn't work yesterday because he came _ flu
5 My mother always reminds me to stay _ bad people
6 As a child, I used to wait _ the present from Santa Clause
7 I can’t put _ his selfishness any more
8 They argue a lot They seem to never get _ each other
9 Last year we went _ an operation
10 Last week we got _ all the old furniture and bought new one
BT 5 Hoàn thành các câu bằng cách điền tiểu từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống
1 We will set for Tokyo in the next few hours
2 Everyone says that Jim takes his father but I think he is more like his mother
3 Who will take your position when you are on parental leave?
4 There are four of us so Peter cuts the cake four pieces
5 I am going to buy a new bike , so I put my old one
6 Remember to put the trash before the garbage truck comes
7 You must take your hat before you come into a temple
8 I hate the way my manager shuts me when she disagrees with me
9 What are you looking ? My car keys
10 Watch for the dog Everyone says that it is a fierce dog
BT 6: Hoàn thành câu bằng 1 cụm động từ thích hợp
1 I have seen a lot of people burst into tears when they their friends and family
2 Do you _ _ me that you didn’t try hard enough?
Trang 383 Has your teacher ever _ you ? No, she hasn’t She is a nice teacher.
4 Last week, I borrowed Tom $50 to buy a book but I haven’t _ him _ yet
5 My boyfriend walked towards me and then he _ _ a small gift
6 I never _ _ in ghosts but my brothet always scared of them
7 _ _! There is a car coming
8 I hate the way Peter tell lies and _ _ stories to chat people
9 Have you _ _ enough to buy a new car
10 I promised my mother not to _ her , so I tried to best to get high scores
BT 7 Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu sau và sửa lại cho đúng
1 We have already worked up a new way of doing it.
Trang 39CHUYÊN ĐỀ 5: SO SÁNH (COMPARISONS)
A LÍ THUYẾT
I SO SÁNH BẰNG
1 Khẳng định:
S + tobe + as + adj + as + noun/ pronoun.
S + V + as + adv + as + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: Lan is as young as Hoa / Mai dances as beautifully as Hue
2 Phủ định:
S + tobe + not + as/ so + adj + as + noun/ pronoun.
S + V + not + as/ so + adv + as + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: Lan isn’t as/ so young as Hoa / Mai doesn’t dances as/ so beautifully as Hue
3 Cấu trúc “the same as”: giống nhau
S + tobe/ V + the same + (noun) + as + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: This book is the same as that one / She has the same height as my sister
II SO SÁNH HƠN
1 Tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn
S + tobe + adj-er + than + noun/ pronoun.
S + V + adv-er + than + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: My house is smaller than her house
She runs faster than me
Lưu ý về cách thêm “er” đối với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng chữ “e” thì ta chỉ thêm “r”
Ex: large → larger
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm thì ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối.Ex: big → bigger, hot → hotter
+ Đối với các tính từ kết thúc bằng “y” thì ta chuyển “y” thành “i” rồi thêm “er”
Ex: noisy → noisier, friendly → friendlier
+ Đối với tính từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng “y, ow, er, et, el” thì ta vẫn chia các từ này theo công thức so sánh hơn đối với tính từ ngắn
Ex: narrow → narrower, happy → happier, quiet → quieter, clever → cleverer
+ Các trạng từ được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho so sánh hơn: much, far, a bit/ a little, a lot.
Ex: This chair is much smaller than that chair
2 Tính từ/ trạng từ dài
S + tobe + more + adj + than + noun/ pronoun.
S + V + more + adv + than + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: Jenny is more beautiful than me
Tom talks more slowly than me
III SO SÁNH NHẤT
1 Tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn
S + tobe + the + adj-est + noun/ pronoun
Trang 40S + V + the + adv-est + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: This is the longest river in the world
I jump the highest in my class
Lưu ý về cách thêm “est” đối với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
- Tương tự như cách thêm “er”
- Để nhấn mạnh ý trong so sánh nhất, ta thêm “by far” vào sau hình thức so sánh hoặc dùng
“second/ third”
2 Tính từ/ trạng từ dài
S + tobe + the most + adj + noun/ pronoun.
S + V + the most + adv + noun/ pronoun.
Ex: Jenny is the most beautiful in my class
Tom eats the most slowly in my family
Bảng tính từ/ trạng từ so sánh bất quy tắc:
Further
The farthestThe furthest
Xa Thêm nữa/ hơn nữa
Elder
The oldestThe eldest
Già Anh (chị) trong nhà
IV SO SÁNH KÉP
1 Cùng 1 tính từ: (càng …ngày càng…)
a Tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
S + tobe + adj-er + and + adj-er
S + V + adv-er + and + adv-er.
Ex: It is getting hotter and hotter
His voice became weaker and weaker
b Tính từ/ trạng từ dài:
S + tobe + more and more + adj
S + V + more and more + adv.
Ex: The lessons are getting more and more difficult
The storm became more and more violent
2 Hai tính từ khác nhau: (càng …thì càng…)
The + comparative + S + tobe/ V, the + comparative + S + tobe/V.
Ex: The taller she gets, the thinner she is
The more beautiful she is, the more attractive she gets
The more intelligent she is, the lazier she becomes
Lưu ý:
Trong câu so sánh kép, nếu túc từ là một danh từ thì ta đặt danh từ ấy ngay sau tính từ so sánh
Ex: The more English vocabulary we know, the better we speak