19 đề tanh báo cáo chuyên đề luận văn khóa luận

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the words CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold words in each of the following questions.. Mark the letter A, B, C, or

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Cô Vũ Thị Mai Phương

CHUẨN BỊ CHO KÌ THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT QUỐC GIA Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ; Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH

ĐỀ VIP ĐỘC QUYỀN – ĐỀ SỐ 01

Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, 50 câu hỏi trắc nghiệm

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Question 1 Taking a flight is than travelling by train

Question 2 He intended _ tertiary education in the UK

Question 3 Mathew is busy with two important projects, so he can’t extra work

Question 4 She _ for this multinational since she graduated from college last year

Question 5 You’d better not mention a pay rise to Joey; it’s such a sore to him

Question 6 My grandfather enjoys playing _ tennis in the afternoon

Question 7 We decided to climb to the top of the mountain to admire the of the sea

Question 8 The sales helped me wrap my purchase and tie it with ribbon

Question 10 Mary will wear this dress

A when the graduation ceremony was held B after the graduation ceremony had been held C as the graduation ceremony is held

D once the graduation ceremony was held

Question 12 The books from the local library last week should be returned by Friday

Question 13 The students are enthusiastic their first field trip to Ha Long Bay

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Question 15 Cooking utensils before you cook any dishes

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Question 16 Tony and Phillips are talking about social networking sites - Tony: “I believe that there are some dangers of using social networking sites.” - Phillips: “ They can expose us to identity theft.”

Question 17 Nam is talking to Lan after the talent contest - Nam: “Your performance was amazing!”

- Lan: “ ”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

and didn’t accept our proposal

Question 23 James wishes he would be more confident when speaking in front of a large group of people

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

Question 24 It’s such a complex situation that simple actions cannot be effective

Question 25 The city council has recently launched a new campaign to cut car emissions

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30

We tend to associate computer games with young people, and it is true the majority of gamers are young (26) _, a group from Sweden is showing that reaching the age of retirement doesn’t mean that you stop having fun With an average age over 60, the Silver Snipers are the oldest team to take part in professional gaming competition And don't be (27) by their elderly They take their playing very seriously!

Although they don't enjoy much success in terms of winning trophies, they get enormous (28) _ from taking part They have a website, and (29) _ loyal supporters who cheer them on They even have a professional coach (30) helps improve their performance But their main ambition is to show that gaming is for everyone, old and young!

(Adapted from Formula by Sheila Dignen and Jacky Newbrook)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35

The Plastiki looks similar to many other boats in Sydney harbour It's eighteen metres long, six metres wide and it weighs about twelve thousand kilogrammes It carries a crew of six people and has an average speed of five knots However, once you get near to the Plastiki you realise there's a big difference It's made of twelve thousand five hundred re-used plastic bottles

David de Rothschild is an environmentalist who has crossed Antarctica and explored the Ecuadorian Amazon One day he was reading some information about all the plastic in the seas and oceans He couldn't believe what he was reading For example, humans throw away four out of every five plastic

bottles they use, and plastic rubbish causes about eighty per cent of the pollution in the sea In addition,

scientists think that around one million seabirds die every year from plastic pollution De Rothschild

decided he wanted to help fight pollution in the sea To help more people understand the problem, he

started building a boat made of plastic bottles

As well as building the boat with recycled plastic, it was important for him to make the boat environmentally friendly and user-friendly The boat uses renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy The crew can make meals with vegetables from the small garden at the back of the boat They can take a break from work and get some exercise by using the special exercise bicycle The energy from the bike provides power for the boat's computers And if anyone needs to take a shower, the boat's shower uses saltwater from the sea

(Adapted from Life by John Hughes, Helen Stephenson and Paul Dummett)

Question 31 Which could be the best title for the passage?

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Question 33 According to paragraph 2, De Rothschild was shocked when he

A travelled between Antarctica and the Ecuadorian Amazon B read some information about plastic at seas and oceans C participated in an environmental campaign

D built his first plastic boat

Question 34 The word fight in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

Question 35 Which of the following is TRUE about the Plastiki, according to the passage?

A It has a totally different appearance when compared to other boats B It was made of plastic and other materials which are hard to decompose C Daily life activities aren’t interrupted when living on the boat

D Clean water exists in abundance on the boat

For Sean O'Brien, it was just an ordinary night out with friends He knew that people sometimes mocked him for being overweight, and he was usually able to shrug it off But this time, as well as laughing at him in person, someone decided to publicly fat-shame him by posting a video of him dancing online, with a hurtful comment Sean was completely unaware of it, but the post about him was shared widely,

and it prompted a wave of abuse from immature Internet trolls

However, as well as the cyberbullies, other people were watching A group of women in California, who were campaigning to encourage people to have a positive body image whatever their size, decided to take action They put out a message on Twitter, inviting Sean on an all-expenses- paid trip from London

to Los Angeles, to meet and dance with them When Sean's friends first told him about the search for 'dancing man', he figured it was a bit of nonsense which would soon blow over, and decided not to bother

doing anything about it

But the movement got bigger and bigger Sean rethought his decision, made contact, and the women - all 1,700 of them - started raising money to throw him an extra-special party in LA He went to the party in California Sean had assumed that just a few people would turn up, but he realised his mistake as soon as he saw over 1,000 people queuing to get into the nightclub! Sean danced all night and the story of how he and the women's group in California took a stance against cyberbullying was reported around the world As a result of the event, some of the women set up Dance Free Movement, an online forum where anyone who felt they had been bullied or victimised could receive support The 'dancing man' himself has become a fundraiser for several anti-bullying charities

Sean commented in an interview at the time that he was amazed that something which started out so badly, had become such a positive movement He said that he had actually never really thought about the people who posted the original images, concluding that they must have their own insecurities, to put the spotlight on someone else so maliciously Sean certainly had the last laugh We are often told that the best idea is not to give bullies any attention, but it may be that the best way to deal with cyberbullying is to act as these women did and be brave enough to make it clear that we are uncomfortable with this kind of behaviour, that we disagree with what is being said and that bullying is completely unacceptable

(Adapted from High Note by Rachael Roberts and Caroline Krantz)

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Question 36 Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A An Inspirational Story of a Disabled Man

B Negative Impacts of Cyberbullying on Teenagers C The Dancing Man Has the Last Laugh

D Online Bullies Have Been Silenced!

Question 38 According to paragraph 1, Sean O'Brien didn’t realise that

A he was teased by some of his acquaintances for being overweight B he was laughed by some Internet users for his awkward behaviour C he became a victim of body shaming on the Internet

D his dance video was leaked by his casual friends

Question 41 Which of the following is true about Sean O'Brien according to the passage?

A He wasn’t required to pay any costs to join the dance party in California B He wasn’t taken aback by the number of people joining his dance party C He accepted the offer by a group of women in California without hesitation D He established an online forum for those who got cyberbullied like him

Question 42 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A Most Internet users now enjoy hiding their identities online B Sean wasn’t brave enough to raise his voice against cyberbullies C Sean’s case is rather different from other cases of cyberbullying D It was nothing new for Sean to be ridiculed for his weight

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Question 43 The reigning champion followed a punishable exercise regime so as to defend his

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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

Question 46 This is the first time I’ve been to Australia

A The teacher asked me why I had been absent from class the day before B The teacher asked me why had I been absent from class the day before C The teacher asked me why was I absent from class the day before D The teacher asked me why I were absent from class the day before

Question 48 You’re permitted to use calculators in the exam room

A You mustn’t use calculators in the exam room B You can use calculators in the exam room C You needn’t use calculators in the exam room D You should use calculators in the exam room

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

Question 49 The Internet connection wasn’t stable She couldn’t attend her online class

A Unless the Internet connection is stable, she can’t attend her online class

B Provided that the Internet connection were stable, she could attend her online class C If only the Internet connection had been stable, she could have attended her online class D If the Internet connection hadn’t been stable, she couldn’t have attended her online class

Question 50 Her talk on gender equality was very intriguing Everyone in the conference room listened attentively to it

A However intriguing her talk on gender equality was, everyone in the conference room listened

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Question 5 The recycling campaign, by a group of high school students in the city, has attracted a lot of attention

Question 6 The library was closed, _?

Question 7 Mary was preparing dishes while her in-laws _ in the living room

Question 8 Parents’ high expectations can put _ pressure on their children who are vulnerable to depression

Question 9 The price of petrol is getting _ expensive

Question 12 He was quite surprised _ the final result

Question 13 Simple actions like picking up litter on the street can _ a difference to the environment

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Question 15 Those plastic bottles instead of being thrown away

Question 16 When Clara lost her job last year, she plumbed the _ of despair

Question 17 There are some agencies in the region where you can seek help to find work

Question 18 Today is best day of her life It’s her wedding day

Question 19 Thanks to our careful preparation, the year-end party very well

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

Question 20 If there is no prospect of improvement in the weather, we will have to cancel our camping

trip

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

Question 23 It’s now regarded as normal when men stay at home to look after children

Question 24 Tony and Jessica are talking about helping those in need

- Tony: “I believe that we benefit a lot from helping disadvantaged people in the community.” - Jessica: “ It gives us a strong sense of responsibility.”

Question 25 Ngoc is talking to Mai after class

- Ngoc: “Thank you for lending me your calculator.” - Mai: “ _”

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Question 26 Henry didn’t attend the graduation ceremony Now he regrets it

A If only Henry hadn’t attended the graduation ceremony, he would regret it B Unless Henry attends the graduation ceremony, he will regret it

C Provided that Henry attended the graduation ceremony, he wouldn’t regret it D If Henry had attended the graduation ceremony, he wouldn’t regret it

Question 27 He will lose his life if he continues driving at such breakneck speed He isn’t aware of that much

A Little does he realise that he will lose his life if he continues driving at such breakneck speed B Hardly had he driven at such breakneck speed did he realise that he would lose his life C Only after he had driven at such breakneck speed did he realise that he would lose his life D Not only does he drive at such breakneck speed but he also realises that he will lose his life

A The teacher asked him when did he submit his homework B The teacher asked him when he had submitted his homework C The teacher asked him when he submitted his homework D The teacher asked him when had he submitted his homework

Question 29 I haven’t visited Hanoi for one month

A The last time I visited Hanoi was one month ago B I didn’t visit Hanoi one month ago

C I have visited Hanoi for one month D I started to visit Hanoi one month ago

Question 30 It’s optional for first-year students to attend this workshop

A First-year students need to attend this workshop B First-year students must attend this workshop

C First-year students don’t have to attend this workshop D First-year students shouldn’t attend this workshop

Question 31 Some researchers declare that their experiments only have a negligent effect on

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CYCLING IN LONDON

Up until recently the British were not exactly keen on cycling In fact, only a quarter of the twenty million bicycles in the country were thought to be in (34) _ use Over the last year, though, the number of cyclists in urban areas, particularly in London, has grown by 83 per cent This has turned the capital into a cleaner, less noisy city compared to (35) _ others in Europe

How was this possible? It is all thanks to the National Cycle Network project (36) _, in the last few years, has managed to encourage many people to use their bicycles either to travel to work or for fun (37) _, the provision of bicycle parking in the streets, at railway and underground stations, in schools and in the workplace has contributed significantly to the rise in the number of cyclists It is estimated that nearly 75 per cent of the population live within two miles of a route and more cycling (38) are made than ever before

(Adapted from FCE Use of English by Virginia Evans)

Scientists have dreamed for a long time about building a 'flying train' which can float through the air above the tracks With Maglev technology, their dreams are now a reality Maglev trains have no wheels

Instead, powerful magnets lift them into the air and push them forward, at speeds of up to 500 km per

hour

As well as speed, Maglev has a number of advantages over other transport systems The trains are

quieter and the journey is smoother because they don't have wheels They are also greener because they

don't use fuel and so create less pollution Right now there is only one high-speed Maglev train system in the world It carries passengers from Shanghai city centre to the airport However, work has started on a new, longer Maglev track in Japan Trains will go from Tokyo to Nagoya in 40 minutes But don't expect to ride on it on your next trip to Japan It won't open until 2027! Then, in 2045, the line will extend to Osaka

There is one major problem with Maglev technology: it is incredibly expensive to build the tracks Transport planners predict that the Tokyo to Osaka line will cost 91 billion dollars The high cost means that Maglev technology probably won't replace other forms of transport in the near future However, the technology is still in development and somebody might find a cheaper and simpler way to build the tracks And then, who knows? In the future, some of us might fly to work by train

(Adapted from Navigate by Caroline Krantz and Julie Norton)

Question 39 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

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Question 41 According to paragraph 2, Maglev trains

Question 42 The word they in paragraph 2 refers to

Question 43 Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?

A A high-speed Maglev train system was first developed in Shanghai B The cost of building Maglev train tracks can be enormous

C Maglev train system in Japan will come into operation in 2045 D Maglev trains can travel at an incredibly fast speed

CCTV cameras were initially developed as a means of security for banks In Britain they first appeared in 1953 and by the 1960s, there were already a few cameras in major streets in London Today, there are more than four million CCTV cameras across the country That's one camera for every fourteen people

The cameras are there to film dangerous or illegal behaviour With new software, they can automatically

recognize the faces of known offenders, and a new kind of CCTV in the Netherlands can detect angry voices and automatically warn the police of trouble Some CCTV cameras can even interact with the people they are watching But these cameras don't just watch criminals; they watch all of us, almost all of the time

The amount of surveillance in towns and cities across Britain is increasing because it is thought to

deter crime Some goods in shops now have RFID tags (radio frequency identification tags) attached to

them When you pick up one of these items, the RFID tag sends a radio message to a CCTV camera and the camera starts filming you Shops say that this technology helps to catch shoplifters - but only by treating everybody as a potential criminal

Cameras and tags are not the only ways of monitoring our actions Every time you make or receive a

call on your mobile phone, the phone company knows the number of the phone you are calling and how long the call lasts It is even possible to work out your exact location The police often use this information when they're investigating serious crimes

Even when you are at home, you are not necessarily safe from surveillance High-speed internet connections have made computers more vulnerable than ever before When you use your computer to visit websites, you are probably sending and receiving 'cookies' without realizing it Cookies transfer information from your computer to the website and, in theory, could record which websites you visit Modern technology is making it easier and easier to stay in contact, but it is also making it nearly impossible for us to hide

(Adapted from Aim High by Tim Falla and Paul A Davies)

A The Prevalence of Modern Technology

B People Get Cross by Being Watched All the Time! C In A Bid to Discourage Criminal Offences

D Somebody Is Watching You

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Question 45 The word they in paragraph 1 refers to

Question 46 According to paragraph 1, CCTV cameras are installed in Britain to

A act as a deterrent against shoplifting B record dangerous behaviours and offences C make sure that all the streets are clean

D identify emergencies needing urgent response

Question 47 The word deter in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _

A Cameras receive a message from RFID tags when someone holds an item with a tag B Some streets in London were equipped with CCTV cameras by the 1960s

C The only place you are safe from surveillance is when you are at home D When you use the Internet, cookies exchange information with websites

A Phone companies should be accused of intruding on their users’ privacy

B Cameras to identify who committed crimes before weren’t developed in the past C People now gradually accept the existence of surveillance cameras in daily life D Technology in the Netherlands is more sophisticated than that in Britain

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Question 1 The music band achieved some _ of success after releasing the song titled Cupid

Question 2 The smaller a room is, _ I like it

Question 3 The conference is delayed until next Friday, _?

Question 4 I regret you that you haven’t passed the first round

Question 5 Tony read the instructions very before starting to assemble the shelf

Question 6 She has no _ of eating out tonight; she prefers to prepare dinner at home

Question 7 When it comes to time management, he seems to be out of with the rest of us

Question 8 To our surprise, Phong was the only student in our class _ to this prestigious university

Question 10 During his career as teacher, Laura has helped many students with disabilities

Question 12 They will send a letter of confirmation

Question 13 When I first started the job, I was responsible _ distributing pamphlets

among young people

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Question 16 The film explored various aspects of life in a small village, from transport, entertainment

to education

Question 17 It is very disappointing that several people tend to turn a deaf ear to acts of child abuse

Question 18 The meeting had to be postponed because one of the key speakers felt unwell

bankrupt

Question 24 We felt a huge sense of relief when she was able to make a complete recovery without

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A You mustn’t take photographs during the show B You mayn’t take photographs during the show C You needn’t take photographs during the show D You shouldn’t take photographs during the show

A He asked me which film did I watch the night before B He asked me which film had I watched the night before C He asked me which film I had watched the previous night D He asked me which film I watched the previous night

Question 29 She has participated in this environmental campaign for two months

A This is the first time she has participated in an environmental campaign in two months B The last time she participated in this environmental campaign was two months ago C She hasn’t participated in this environmental campaign for two months

D She started participating in this environmental campaign two months ago

Question 30 Keith informed us of his decision to quit the job He did that as soon as he arrived at the office

A Only after Keith had informed us of his decision to quit the job did he arrive at the office B Not until Keith had informed us of his decision to quit the job did he arrive at the office C Not only did Keith arrive at the office but he also informed us of his decision to quit the job D Hardly had Keith arrived at the office when he informed us of his decision to quit the job

Question 31 My printer is out of order I can’t print this document

A Unless my printer is out of order, I can print this document

B Provided that my printer were out of order, I could print this document C I wish my printer weren’t out of order so that I could print this document D If my printer hadn’t been out of order, I could have printed the document

- Sam: “I think that books are a great source of entertainment.” - Tom: “ We can find a lot of interesting things in a book.”

Question 33 Trang and Hanh are at the school gate - Trang: “Your new hairstyle looks great!”

- Hanh: “ I had it cut yesterday.”

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Water is one of our most precious resources Unfortunately, many of us seem to have forgotten this fact, and as a result the world is facing the danger of running out of fresh water The problem has been caused by people's (34) of our water supply This not only means that we have polluted our rivers and seas, but also that we are wasting a great deal of this precious resource Unfortunately, the destruction of the rain forests has made this problem worse since much of the rain (35) falls is lost because it runs off into the sea

The population of the earth is increasing daily, (36) _ it is vital that we find a solution to this problem before it is too late The first step is to educate people, especially by reminding them of the value of water For (37) of us it is available whenever we require it, whether to bathe in or to drink, so we seldom bother to think about it People then need to be taught how to reuse or recycle water Whatever methods we might decide to use, we must (38) _ the value of water and do our best to conserve it

Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world today He uses mathematics to

study space and the universe He has written several famous books He wrote A Brief History of Time in

1988, and more than 10 million people have bought this book Other scientists have called Hawking the greatest scientist in the world

Hawking has faced terrible problems in his life When he was 21, he got a serious disease called ALS

It quickly got worse, and soon he couldn't walk or speak Now he can move only his left hand He uses a

wheelchair with a motor to get around He "talks" by typing words into a computer The computer pronounces the words for him

But for Hawking, his work is more important than his problems Now he is interested in the beginning of the universe He teaches at Cambridge University in England, and he gives lectures at other universities He has written many important scientific papers and has won many prizes for his work He has appeared in several movies and has been on TV many times He has traveled in countries around the world, and he has even traveled in space! In 2007, he went up on a special zero- gravity plane

(Adapted from World English by Kristin L Johannsen)

Question 39 Which can be the best title for the passage?

A Studying Programmes for Disabled Scientists B An Unknown Researcher

C Amazing Achievements of a Scientist D A Man with a Skillful Hand

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Question 40 According to paragraph 1, Stephen Hawking _

A has been interested in space since childhood B is the author of some famous books

C started to write books about the universe in 1988 D has been recently keen on studying space

Question 41 The word terrible in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _

Question 42 The word It in paragraph 2 refers to

A He only lectures at Cambridge University in England B He moves around by using a wheelchair with a motor

D He travelled on a special zero- gravity plane

In some low-lying countries such as Bangladesh, The Philippines or Cambodia, it is not unusual to

have a boat school In one area of Bangladesh, there are now over 20 such boats, which act as both a kind of ‘river bus’ and also a place to study These schools were first set up in 2002 by a successful, local Bangladeshi architect called Mohammed Rezwan Every year, between the monsoon season of June and October, at least one third of Bangladesh is flooded with water This means that thousands of children can’t attend school regularly, when they ought to Statistics have shown that once students’ attendance falls, then many stop completely Rezwan understood that this mustn’t happen in the first place

Rezwan 5rganiza that if young people can’t attend school, then the school had better come to them In 2002, he encouraged companies to sponsor him and saved up money to set up an 5rganization to start the boat schools These are now used by thousands of school children who happily attend school every month of the year Each boat is powered by solar panels on the roof There are lights and a computer on board,

which means that teachers can access the Internet to make lessons more interactive Most boats are for

30 children and some of the larger boats even have a school playground on the top deck The students only have to walk a short distance from their homes to the river, where the boat picks them up and then collects the other children, before stopping at their final destination Then lessons can start At the end of the day, the children are returned home on the boat

The 5rganization which Rezwan set up also provides solar-powered lamps to local families, where 70% of families have no electricity Now children and their parents don’t have to stop studying or working as soon as the sun goes down For parents, this has meant they can earn more money It also means that

in families where children have to work during the day, they can attend school in the evening

The 5rganization has not stopped at schools, however There are now more than 100 boats with different purposes: libraries, training centres for adults, clinics and also farming boats, which can keep animals and grow food By 2050, nearly one fifth of Bangladesh will be permanently under water because of climate change Mr Rezwan knows he should act quickly, to help families and children out of poverty and to give them the chance of a better life

(Adapted from Gateway by Annie Cornford and Frances Watkins)

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A Floating Homes Lift People out of Poverty B Boats Make Life More Sustainable!

C The Prevalence of Boat Schools in Poor Countries D Floating Schools: The Answer to Floods

Question 45 The word unusual in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _

monsoon season because _

A their parents cannot afford to send them to schools B their homeland is largely affected by floods

C they are forced to stay at home to help their parents D they choose to be homeschooled instead

Question 48 The word they in paragraph 3 refers to _

A Rezwan used his own money to establish school boats for children in Bangladesh B There is a serious lack of modern technology on school boats run by Rezwan C Children’s homes in Bangladesh are inconveniently located for school boats D Night lessons are available for some students who are busy working in daytime

A Boats run by Rezwan have lifted families in Bangladesh out of poverty B There has been a decrease in the intensity of floods in Bangladesh

C Daytime activities of many people in Bangladesh were disrupted at sunset D Bangladesh is the first country to promote the idea of school boats

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Question 5 Tony is well liked by his colleagues; he’s always funny and entertaining

Question 6 The firefighters successfully rescued three children from the burning house

Question 7 The country is experiencing a period of economic stagnation, so many small businesses are

on the verge of collapse

Question 8 Despite her ankle injury, Sana strained every nerve to reach the finishing line

Question 9. Martin is far _ at Maths than his brother

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Question 12 Contrary to my initial thoughts, the interviewer addressed me with a comfortable _ that made me feel relaxed

timely manner

Question 14 Before we arrived at the scene, an ambulance _ the injured to hospital

Question 15 This charity organisation aims to provide temporary for earthquake victims

Question 17 We stayed up late last night to _ necessary preparations for the trip

Question 18 Laura will have completed this cooking class

Question 19 He had _ terrible experience at school today

Question 20 The car _ on our way to the airport, so we had to take a taxi instead

Question 21 An application letter in simple language

Question 22 Deforestation can pose a threat _ the survival of many endangered species

whole story

Question 24 Tina is talking to Hoang about his birthday party

- Tina: “Could I bring my best friend to your birthday party?” - Hoang: “ _ The more, the merrier!”

- Trang: “Modern technologies are beneficial to our relationships.”

- Nhung: “ _ We can keep in touch with each other thanks to them.”

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Question 26 Child abuse became an important issue in recent years, attracting much media

Question 29. Phong started to write this novel 2 weeks ago

A Phong didn’t write this novel 2 weeks ago B Phong hasn’t written this novel for 2 weeks C Phong has written this novel for 2 weeks D Phong will write this novel in 2 weeks

Question 30 “How is your evening class?” asked my father

A My father asked me how was my evening class B My father asked me how my evening class was C My father asked me how my evening class had been D My father asked me how my evening class would be

Question 31 Perhaps they will come after the show

Question 32. He forgot to notify me of the changes to the travel itinerary He didn’t even offer an apology

A Not only did he forget to notify me of the changes to the travel itinerary but he also didn’t offer an

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Question 33 The museum is too crowded I can’t see paintings clearly

A Provided that the museum were too crowded, I couldn’t see paintings clearly B If the museum hadn’t been too crowded, I could have seen paintings clearly C I wish the museum weren’t too crowded so that I could see paintings clearly D Unless the museum is too crowded, I can see paintings clearly

STAYING IN TOUCH

People have been recording information in the form of writing since ancient times Latin, the language of religion, and French, the language of the rich and powerful, were the (34) languages in the Middle Ages in Europe Subjects were usually connected to religion, trade and government, although historians have also come across love letters (35) people wrote to stay in touch in those times After the invention of the printing press in the mid-fifteenth century, books and documents in people's native languages became readily available This, together with improvements in education and the spread of postal services in the nineteenth century, permitted families and friends to (36) messages to each other by letter Maintaining contact was much easier than it had ever been In recent years, (37) _, everything has changed Mobile phones, emails and text messages are replacing letters Why bother writing a letter when you can make small talk on the phone for very little cost? (38) _ people would agree, however, that there is something very special about receiving a personal, handwritten letter

You know what they say; find a job you love and you will never work a day in your life So, if you are thinking about what to do with your life, this may be something to consider Choosing a career can be difficult Especially because there are so many jobs to choose from and many things to think about, such as qualifications and financial rewards So how do you pick a career? The only answer seems to be "choose one that makes you feel that you are getting paid for doing something you truly love"

Unless you have grown up with a talent or are keen on something that you can make a career out of, you need to consider certain things about yourself What suits your personality? We are all different and just because your best friend wants to be a doctor, this does not mean that you should follow You need

to make an informed decision This means thinking carefully about the path you need to follow to get

that job Are you willing to get the training or education needed? You must also consider why you really want to do it If it's just because it's well paid, then sometime in the future you are going to feel 'empty', even with a healthy bank account

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Nowadays, there are plenty of online career sites, but the main part has to come from you You need to be honest and measure your skills and talents realistically Also, you may need to talk to your parents who have their own ideas, based on their own experiences, about what you should do They have your best

interests at heart They don't want to see you having financial problems or being unemployed But at the

end of the day, it is your life There is no point in being miserable for the next forty years just to please someone else

(Adapted from Succeed in B1 Preliminary by Andrew Betsis and Lawrence Mamas)

Question 40 According to paragraph 1, what is the advice given for choosing a job?

A You should choose a job that can be very demanding B It’s a good idea to find a paid job that you really like C It’s advisable to choose a highly-paid job

D It’s recommended that you should avoid a boring job

A You have to be responsible for your job choices B A well-paid job may not satisfy you down the road

C Honesty is an important trait that ensures you a steady job D You need to find a job that suits your personality

Think of an endangered species What comes to mind? The giant panda and the blue whale? And what do these creatures all have in common? They're known as 'charismatic megafauna', in other words, large

species of animals which appeals to a lot of people However, less well-known or 'exciting' creatures are

far more likely to actually become extinct because they don't get enough attention from researchers The Ugly Animal Preservation Society's mascot is the blob fish, voted the world's ugliest animal With its tiny eyes, big mouth and slimy pink body it's far from attractive This marine creature lives deep in the ocean, where the pressure is very high As a result, it has tiny fins and no skeleton, which keeps it from being crushed by the water pressure Unfortunately, when fishing boats sweep the ocean floor, looking for other fish and crustaceans, these fish can get swept into the nets accidentally, which is causing their numbers to drop

The California condor is another accidental victim of human activity These huge birds with bald heads and big beaks weigh up to fourteen kilos, have a wingspan of up to two metres and can live as long as sixty years They play an important role in the ecosystem by feeding on dead animals, thus preventing the spread of disease Reintroduced into the wild after becoming extinct, other than in captivity, they are now under threat once more because of chemical pesticides introduced into the food chain and lead poisoning

from the ammunition used to kill the animals they feed on

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Other creatures become endangered precisely because people find them ugly Take the aye aye for example Found only on the island of Madagascar, the aye aye is the world's largest nocturnal primate During the day they sleep in nests in the trees, coming out to hunt at night They are solitary creatures, furry, but strange looking, with big eyes, large ears and long, thin, pointed fingers The middle finger is particularly thin and they use it to gently knock on trees Then they reach into the tree and pull out any insects that respond to the knocking Unfortunately, the way they look means that they are traditionally

considered an omen of bad luck Some people even believe that if they point that thin middle finger at

someone, they will die As a result, they are often killed, even though, like many endangered species, they are now protected by law

A Are Endangered Species Getting Enough Attention? B They Need Saving Too!

C ‘Ugly Animals’: Why Do They Become Extinct? D Conservation Programmes for Unattractive Species

Question 46 According to paragraph 1, what features do the giant panda and the blue whale share?

A They aren’t being saved from extinction B They aren’t popular in the animal world C They don’t get attention from researchers D They have attractive appearances

Question 49 Which of the following is true, according to the passage?

A The life expectancy of the California condor is rather low B The water pressure poses a threat to the survival of the blob fish C The aye aye has the habit of hunting just after the sunrise D The California condor is under threat due to chemical pollution

A The complete disappearance of the California condor can affect the food chain B The number of the aye aye is dropping significantly because of their middle finger C The spread of disease could be encouraged by the extinction of the California condor

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Question 5 The boss won't return _

Question 6 There were four candidates _ in the waiting room but there is only one left now

Question 7 Cindy is rarely absent from class, _?

Question 8 Bob did not turn off _ lights despite being the last to leave the room

Question 9 The _ the job is, the higher its salary will be

Question 10 The municipal authority faces an uphill _ to limit the carbon emission by personal vehicles

Question 11 I _ one of my old friends on my trip to Phu Quoc Island

Question 12 Sadly, many young people are still unaware _ the danger of drink-driving

Question 13 They pretend _ interested in their parents' stories in order to make them happy

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Question 15 While Mary was watering the plants, her mother some yoga

Question 16 Little Anna is bright as a _, eager to learn about everything in this world

Question 17 John is my soul mate; he is honest, _ and responsible

Question 19 The kids _ a horrible mess on the floor with food, toys and clothes

Question 20 I have been notified of the changes to the meeting schedule three days ago

Question 23 Peter is in Hoa’s house

- Hoa: “Would you like to have a drink?” - Peter: “ _ I’m not thirsty”

Question 24. Kathy and Mai are talking about public transport

- Kathy: “We should use public transport more.” - Mai: “ It’s beneficial to the environment.”

Question 25 I haven't had a trip since 2019

A The last time I had a trip wasn’t in 2019 B My last trip wasn’t in 2019

C I didn’t have any trips in 2019 D I last had a trip in 2019

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Question 26 It is recommended that you replace your toothbrush every 6 months

A You needn’t replace your toothbrush every 6 months B You must replace your toothbrush every 6 months C You can replace your toothbrush every 6 months D You should replace your toothbrush every 6 months

Question 27 “We’ll try our best to find the solution to this problem.” said the spokesman

A The spokesman said they would try their best to find the solution to this problem B The spokesman said they would try their best to find the solution to that problem C The spokesman said we will try our best to find the solution to this problem D The spokesman said they will try their best to find the solution to the problem

Question 28 I have no day off this week I cannot arrange an appointment with you

A Had I had a day off this week, I could have arranged an appointment with you B If I had no day off this week, I couldn’t arrange an appointment with you C If only I had a day off this week, I could arrange an appointment with you D I wished I had a day off this week to arrange an appointment with you

Question 29 Freddy had gotten out of the bank Right after that, two policemen approached and arrested him

A No sooner had Freddy gotten out of the bank than two policemen approached and arrested him B Hardly did Freddy get out of the bank when two policemen approached and arrested him C Only when Freddy entered the bank did two policemen approach and arrest him

D Only by waiting for Freddy to get out of the bank could two policemen approach and arrest him

Question 30 Jack is mischievous and, sometimes, a little bit rude, which makes him unpopular with his

classmates

Question 31 Someone must have spilled the beans about his bribe because he got fired this morning

Question 32 In order for the event to take place on time, please make every effort to be punctual

Question 33 Town dwellers objected to the construction of the factory for the fear of general pollution

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Many young people choose to spend a year or two of their lives while they are still single living in a foreign country and working as a volunteer Working as a volunteer means that you can not only help (34) people, but also develop a greater understanding of the world and yourself You must have a university degree and (35) at least one year's experience before you can apply Suitable applicants are invited to attend a series of interviews and are then sent on a training programme Applicants are usually offered a post within months and can be sent anywhere from the Sahara to Siberia

The advantages of being a volunteer far outweigh the disadvantages Being a volunteer can enable you to get valuable experience (36) you would otherwise not have had It can help you move up the career ladder faster You will make lifelong friends and return with an appreciation of another culture and language (37) _, volunteering is not for everyone It can be difficult being (38) off from friends and family Living on a modest allowance is challenging But, if you do choose to go, you will return a stronger, wiser person

New technology is making it easier than ever for young people to take up campaigning One campaigner working with Battlefront is Aimee Nathan, 17, from London, who will soon have been campaigning for six months Aimee is trying to stop people using disposable coffee cups These are non-

recyclable due to their plastic covering, so they end up in landfill sites

Aimee worked out that if just 1,000 people bring their own mugs with them when they buy coffee, by

the end of a year, one coffee shop will have saved 5.5 tonnes of waste and 125 trees Highlights of her campaign included appearing on TV and getting a crowd of people, including a famous model, to take their own mugs to a coffee shop Aimee's Facebook page played a big part in publicising the event Another Battlefront campaigner, Manpreet Darroch, 19, from Birmingham, became aware of the importance of road safety when several people he knew were killed or injured in road accidents He was shocked to discover that traffic accidents are the biggest cause of death for 15-19-year-olds worldwide: about 7,000 people under 25 will have lost their lives on the road by the end of next week

Manpreet decided to focus his campaign on the danger of crossing the street while listening to an MP3 player He has used Twitter in his campaign, spoken at political meetings and made a video for the Battlefront website He is now hoping to work with musicians to make his message go viral!

(Adapted from Interactive by Helen Hadkins, Samantha Lewis and Joanna Budden)

Question 39 Which can be the best title for the passage?

Question 40 The word they in paragraph 1 refers to _

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Question 41 According to paragraph 1, what is indicated about Aimee Nathan’s campaign?

A She wants to raise people’s awareness of campaigns B She tries to stop people using single-use coffee cups C She aims at recycling all coffee cups in the city D She hopes to use new technology in her campaigns

Question 43 Which of the following is NOT true about Manpreet, according to the passage?

A He has presented at some political meetings to promote his campaign B He was shocked to find that the young die mostly because of road accidents C He has been collaborating with some musicians to publicise his campaign D His campaign is about the danger of street crossing while listening to music

A generation of teenagers who communicate via the Internet and by text messages are risking unemployment because their daily vocabulary consists of just 800 words, experts have warned According to recent surveys, they know an average of 40,000 words, but they favour a 'teenspeak' used in text messages, social networking sites and Internet chat rooms Communication expert Jean Gross thinks that the lack of range will affect their chances of getting a job Miss Gross is planning a nationwide campaign to ensure children use their full language potential

She wants to make sure that teenagers do not fail in the classroom and later, in the workplace, because

they are inarticulate It will target schoolchildren and she is asking celebrities to support her campaign

‘Teenagers are spending more time communicating through electronic media and text messaging, which is short and brief, she says ‘We need to help them understand the difference between their textspeak and

the formal language they need to succeed in life - 800 words will not get you a job.’ She plans to send

children with video cameras into workplaces to observe the range of words used by professionals and share their findings with classmates She also wants parents to limit the amount of TV that children watch, replacing it with conversation

Her concern was raised, she said, by research conducted by Tony McEnery, a professor of linguistics, who examined 10 million words of transcribed speech and 100,000 words from teenagers' blogs He found that teens use their top 20 words in a third of their speech, and also discovered words likely to be unknown to adults, including 'chenzed, which means tired, 'spong' (silly), and 'lol, the shorthand version of 'laugh out loud

John Bald, a language teaching consultant, said the poor use of language was a rebellious act 'There is undoubtedly a culture among teenagers of deliberately stripping away language, he said 'When kids are in social situations, the instinct is to simplify It's part of a wider anti-school culture that exists among

some children which parents and schools need to address! But David Crystal, honorary professor of

linguistics at Bangor University, argues that experts did not understand the complexities of teen language 'The real issue here is that people object to kids having a good vocabulary for hip-hop and not for politics, he said 'They have an articulate vocabulary for the kind of things they want to talk about Academics don't get anywhere near measuring that vocabulary!’

(Adapted from Gateway by Frances Treloar)

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A The Impacts of Text Messages on Teens’ Vocabulary B Teenagers’ Vocabulary Fail to Work

C Teens’ Language Poses a Threat to Reading Culture D ‘TeenSpeak’ – A Way to Increase Your Employability

Question 45 According to paragraph 1, experts believe that teenagers _

A learn too few words when they are growing up B only use part of the vocabulary they know very well C can’t get a job easily because of their lack of vocabulary D find it difficult to communicate with employers

Question 46 The word inarticulate in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

Question 49 Which of the following is true, according to the passage?

A The campaign launched by Ms Gross aims at students who are excellent at communicating B Teenagers have the habit of using short and simple language while chatting online

C Tony McEnery was taken aback to discover some unusual words invented by teenagers D John Bald and David Crystal share the idea of the anti-school culture among young people

A Parents often adopt permissive attitudes towards their children’s compulsive TV watching B Experts’ judgements about teenagers’ poor language can be based on the wrong principles C Teenagers are always the pioneers who pave the way for a new range of vocabulary D Some teen languages are quite prevalent in today’s professional working environment

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Question 2 Renting a car is much _ than buying one

Question 4 Sam _ her wet shoes and sat on the mat

Question 7 The disease one year ago put many people’s health at risk

Question 9 Tony is such interesting person; I like to talk to him

Question 10 I don’t think we are on the right track; we are just trying to reinvent the

Question 11 Mark has to seek advice from his sister because he has little _ of music

Question 14 Several tenants complaints about the noise from the construction site

Question 15 Phillips in this orphanage since he went to university

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Question 16 David and John are talking about the environment

- David: “I think we should use paper bags instead of plastic bags.” - John: “ Paper bags are also detrimental to the environment.”

Question 17 Sam is at a clothes shop

- Sam: “Can I try this one?”

- Sales clerk: “ _ The changing room is over there.”

products

Question 19 Her pleasant personality makes her very popular with her colleagues

Question 20 They decided to divorce because they were at each other’s throats all the time

Question 21 Passengers were frustrated when their flight was delayed for another 2 hours

Question 22 The mountain scenery was spectacular We stopped our car for a few minutes to admire its beauty

A No sooner had we stopped our car for a few minutes to admire its beauty than the mountain scenery

Question 23 I forgot to bring my wallet I can’t pay for lunch now

A I wish I didn’t forget to bring my wallet so that I could pay for lunch now B If only I had forgotten to bring my wallet, I couldn’t pay for lunch now

C Provided that I hadn’t forgotten to bring my wallet, I could have paid for lunch now D If I hadn’t forgotten to bring my wallet, I could pay for lunch now

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Question 24 You are prohibited from walking on grass

Question 25 “What are you going to do this Friday?” He asked me

A He asked me what was I going to do that Friday B He asked me what I was going to do that Friday C He asked me what were I going to do that Friday D He asked me what I were going to do that Friday

Question 26 The last time Quang ate Chinese food was 3 years ago

A Quang didn’t eat Chinese food 3 years ago B Quang hasn’t eaten Chinese food for 3 years C Quang has eaten Chinese food for 3 years D Quang will eat Chinese food in 3 years

Nowadays, a growing number of travel companies are adding adventure holidays to their list of getaways The reason? More and more people are looking to do something a bit different when they go on holiday Today's traveller is increasingly likely to be (34) with simply lying on a beach all day or visiting the usual tourist spots Instead, he/she is seeking a more unique experience One that might involve travel to an isolated or unexplored area for example, or one which offers activities (35) provide an adrenaline rush In short, today's traveller wants a holiday where he/she can expect (36) more excitement

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Trekking, mountaineering expeditions, bungee jumping, rock climbing, safaris, conservation work, overland journeys, cultural exchanges, deep sea diving; all these are just a few of the types of adventure holidays that are (37) on In fact, the different types of adventure holiday are limited only by the imagination (38) , if you are the type of traveller who loves new experiences, enjoys challenges, and seeks inspiration, why not consider an adventure trip for your next holiday?

Maria Alcalá of Madrid speaks for many Mediterranean people when she says that "a meal without olive oil is boring" No one knows when the Mediterraneans first fell in love with olives because it was before people wrote and kept records However, there is some evidence that people began growing olive trees around the Mediterranean Sea approximately 6,000 years ago The Mediterranean countries still produce 99% of the world's olive oil with Spain being the world's biggest producer

From ancient times through today, the basic process of producing the oil is the same First, farmers

crush the olives Then, they take the liquid and separate the oil from the water

Many olive growers keep their ancient traditions and still harvest the olives by hand "We harvest in

the traditional way", says Don Celso, an olive farmer from Tuscany, Italy "It is less expensive to do it with machines but it's more a social thing Twenty people come to help with the harvest and we pay them in oil"

Ancient civilisations used olive oil as money and medicine They even used it during war - they would heat it up and drop it down on the enemy! These days, it is still used in religious ceremonies as it was in ancient times It is also great for making fish and cheese stay fresh There are even olive oil lamps and olive oil soaps

(Adapted from Close Up by Angela Healan and Katrina Gormley)

Question 40 According to paragraph 1, olive oil _

A plays an important role in the tradition of the Mediterraneans B had been discovered before the appearance of the Mediterraneans C is mass produced in several parts of the world

D was transported to Spain about 6,000 years ago

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Question 43 Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?

A The process of producing olive oil has been changed B Olive oil served several useful purposes in the past C People use olive oil to make fish taste better

D Using machines to harvest olives costs much money

As part of a project called ‘The Social Experiment’, more than 600 students at Shoreline High School gave up texting, email, and networking sites for a week free of social media Under the rules, students could call each other on their phones, which many of them had never done before the experiment began The idea started with Trent Mitchell, a video-production teacher at the school He wondered whether his students, who often walked into class heads down, typing away on their phones, could cut themselves off from social media Mitchell thought his students wouldn't be able to tear themselves away When he

asked them, half the students said they could do it; the other half thought it was the worst idea they'd ever

heard

Mitchell and a colleague from another school, Marty Ballew, created The Social Experiment The theme was 'What was life like in 1995?' Students documented the process through video interviews with students and staff, some of whom also volunteered to cut themselves off Some students went to extremes to make sure they didn’t break the rules Five students handed over their cell phones to Ballew One girl

gave him her Facebook password and asked him to change it for the week to help her avoid temptation Cole Sweeten found it tough He deleted texts as they came in, but found it hard to remember not to

answer text messages On the second day, he heard the familiar buzz and grabbed his phone, ready to hit the button to read the new text message, when he remembered 'No!' he shouted, and dropped the phone to the floor

Last year, El ZeinIt was sending or receiving 200 texts per day, or about 6,000 per month It was too much for her parents, who confiscated her phone for a week This year, she said, she has averaged 20 to 50 a day, until the experiment week, that is It was 'weird' not checking her email, texts and social network sites as soon as she woke But each day got easier

Ed Wytovicz did chores during his free time, an idea that sounds like it came from his parents, but he claims he wanted to do it He also figured out activities such as practising basketball are better distractions than ones that take 10 or 15 minutes ‘You had to do something that filled time in large segments,’ he says

(Adapted from Gateway by Frances Treloar)

A In an Endeavour to Escape from Social Interaction

C How Long Could You Be without Your Virtual Social Life? D The Idea of Media Addiction: Is It All Bad?

Question 45 According to the passage, what is indicated about ‘The Social Experiment’?

A It was launched by a group of high school students B It involved students from different schools in the area C It wanted students to avoid social media for a week D It was the first experiment of its kind to be conducted

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Question 46 The word them in paragraph 2 refers to _

Question 48 The word tough in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _

A The Social Experiment was carried out by two high school teachers B Mitchell wanted to make a change to students’ addiction to social media C El ZeinIt was permitted to keep her mobile phone during the experiment D Ed Wytovicz did different activities to keep him distracted from social media

A Ed Wytovicz’s parents encouraged him to do some household chores B Cole Sweeten ultimately couldn’t resist the urge to use his phone

C El ZeinIt had spent lots of her time with her phone before the experiment D Trent Mitchell and Marty Ballew were both addicted to social media

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Question 1 Parents shouldn’t treat their teenage children like small kids so as to avoid conflict

Question 2 Though he has a low-paid job, he is still content with it

Question 3 Using words like ‘dumb’ or ‘deaf’ to refer to disabled people is considered disrespectful

Question 4 At last, he made a clean breast of everything and admitted that he had stolen her motorbike

Question 5 Joey will become physically unfit if he continues sitting in front of his computer all day He doesn’t realise that

A Not until Joey had become physically unfit did he realise how dangerous sitting in front of his computer

all day was

B No sooner had Joey become physically unfit than he stopped sitting in front of his computer all day C Not only does Joey fancy sitting in front of his computer all day but he will also become physically

unfit

D Little does Joey realise that he will come physically unfit if he continues sitting in front of his computer

all day

Question 6 The concert venue is too far I can’t attend it

A If the concert venue weren’t too far, I could attend it B If only the concert venue were too far, I couldn’t attend it C Unless the concert venue is too far, I can attend it

D I wish the concert venue hadn’t been too far so that I could have attended it

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Question 7 It’s a good idea for you to drink at least 2 litres of water per day

A You must drink at least 2 litres of water per day B You can drink at least 2 litres of water per day C You should drink at least 2 litres of water per day D You may drink at least 2 litres of water per day

Question 8 He has been reading this book for two months

A He last read this book two months ago B He didn’t read this book two months ago C He hasn’t read this book for two months D He began to read this book two months ago

Question 9 “What did you eat last night?” She asked me

A She asked me what I had eaten the night before B She asked me what I ate the previous night

C She asked me what had I eaten the previous night D She asked me what did I eat the night before

Question 10 Mary is talking to her teacher

- Mary: “I’m sorry for coming late.”

- Teacher: “ Come in and sit down.”

Question 11 Finn and Mai are talking about caring for those in need

- Finn: “I think we should give a helping hand to poor people in our city.” - Mai: “ We can give them food and warm blankets.”

Question 12 The teacher came in when students their first field trip

Question 13 The recent flood _ two months ago in the Southern part of the country caused serious damage

Question 15 Would you mind me for a few minutes? I’m trying to finish the report

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Question 16 I have already turned on the air conditioner, but it seems that there is some _ with it

Question 17 Taking a plane is _ than travelling by a coach

Question 18 I will sign the contract _

Question 20 I’ve decided not to go travelling this summer because I’m _ for my studying overseas

Question 21 We should give due _ to all staff members who have helped to complete this important project before the deadline

Question 23 It’s such a pity when milk I bought last night turned sour

Question 24 Your personal skills by taking part in these real-life activities

Question 25 I called in sick this morning because I _ a cold

Question 26 Paying a visit to my old high school after nearly 30 years of graduation was such a real trip down memory

Question 27 If safety precautions had been observed, it wouldn’t have been a deeply regretful

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RECYCLING ELECTRONIC WASTE

Millions of new TVs, fridges, air- conditioning units and washing machines are bought every day around the world So what happens to the old ones? In Japan, where around 20 million electrical appliances are (34) of by the side of the road or in rivers every year, new legislation was introduced in 2011, (35) means that all electrical goods must be 50-60% recyclable Recycling these high-tech machines isn't easy They can't just be smashed into small pieces that can be used again Special plants, like the Matsushita Eco-Technology Centre are required for the process (36) _ appliance must be taken apart very carefully and the components are sorted into different (37) _ The plastic in these machines, for example, is collected and reused to make internal components for new appliances (38) _ Matsushita, who owns Panasonic, is criticised by some people for creating the problem in the first place, most people agree that progress is being made in dealing with this space age environmental challenge

(Adapted from Laser by Malcolm Mann and Steve Taylore-Knowles)

Do you ever speak with your mouth full of food? Do you forget to cover your mouth with your hand when you sneeze? If you are guilty of these ‘crimes’, then perhaps you should enrol on an Etiquette and

Social Skills course This is not just an ordinary course It’s a course in manners You will have lessons

in good manners and how to behave in social situations

The person who teaches these lessons is Maggie O’Farrill at the Petite Protocol School, and her students are aged between six and twelve years old She thinks this is the best time to teach kids “At this

age they are very easy”, O’Farrill says “When they get older, it’s harder for them to break bad habits

Children at this age want to be polite You can see that they’re trying.” Maggie instructs the children to speak properly on the phone and walk correctly, as well as telling them about basic table manners These classes have become popular because parents want well-behaved children but they are too busy to teach manners at home

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