Tổng hợp các từ viết tắt tiếng anh trong mạch điện - điện tử

A Amperes, amps. App Peak-to-peak amperes AA Anti-Aliasing AAAC All Aluminum Alloy Conductor AAC All Aluminum Conductor AACSR Aluminum Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced AAF Anti-Aliasing Filter ABC Aerial Bundled Conductors or Cables AB switch Air Break switch AC Alternating current or voltage A/C Air Conditioning ACAR Aluminum Conductor Alloy Reinforced ACB Air Circuit Breaker ACCB Air Case Circuit Breaker ACDB Alternating Current Distribution Board ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced ACVS Air Conditioning & Ventilation System ADC Analog to Digital Converter AF Audio Frequency or Audible Frequency AFC Automated Frequency Control AFC Available Fault Current AFCB Arc Fault Circuit Breake

AAAC All Aluminum Alloy Conductor

AAC All Aluminum Conductor

AACSR Aluminum Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced

AAF Anti-Aliasing Filter

ABC Aerial Bundled Conductors or Cables

AB switch Air Break switch

AC Alternating current or voltage

A/C Air Conditioning

ACAR Aluminum Conductor Alloy Reinforced

ACB Air Circuit Breaker

ACCB Air Case Circuit Breaker

ACDB Alternating Current Distribution Board

ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced

ACVS Air Conditioning & Ventilation System

ADC Analog to Digital Converter

AF Audio Frequency or Audible Frequency

AFC Automated Frequency Control

AFC Available Fault Current

AFCB Arc Fault Circuit Breaker

AFCI Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter

AFL Amps Full Load

AFT Automatic Fine Tuning

AGC Automatic Gain Control

AGME American Gear Manufacturer’s Association

AGPS Assisted (or Aided) GPS

AH Ampere-Hour Capacity of Batteries

AHU Air Handling Unit

AI Analog Input

AI Artificial Intelligence

AIC Ampere Interrupting Capacity

ALCI Appliance Leakage Current Interrupter

ALTC Automatic Load Tap Changing

ALU Arithmetic and Logic Unit

AMOLED Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode

ANSI American National Standards Institute

AO Analog Output

AoA Angle of Arrival

AOI Automatic Optical Inspection

AP Access Point

APD Avalanche Photo Diode

APFC Automatic Power Factor Control

API American Petroleum Institute, Application

Pro-gram Interface

ARM Advanced Reduced instruction set computing

MachineARMS Arc Flash Reduction Maintenance Switch

ASCII American Standard Code for Information

Inter-changeASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit

ASK Amplitude Shift Keying

ASME American Society for Testing and Materials

ASP Application Service Provider

ASTA Association of Short-circuit Testing Authorities.ATS Automatic Transfer Switch

ATC Automatic Temperature Control

ATMega Microcontroller Cip created by Atmel in the

megaAVR familyATMEL Advanced Technology for Memory and Logic

AV Audio/video

AVO-M Ampere-Volt-Ohm Meter

AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator

AWA Aluminum Wire Armour

AWG American Wire Gauge

B or b Electrical Susceptance

Bar or bar Pressure in atmospheres

BASEEFA British Approvals Service for Electrical

Equip-ment in Flammable AtmospheresBBM Break before Make

BCD Binary Coded Decimal

BCR Backspace card reader and Barcode reader

BER Bit Error Rate

BEV Billion Electron Volts

BGA Ball Grid Array

BIL Breakdown insulation level

BJT Bipolar Junction Transistor

BLAC Brushless AC

BLDC Brushless DC

BLDM Brushless DC Motor

BOM Bill Of Materials

BPF Band Pass Filter

bps Bit per second

Bps Byte per second

BSI, BS, CP British Standards Institution, or its publicationsBTS Base Transceiver Station

BTU British thermal unit

BW Bandwidth, (difference between upper and

lower limits of a band of frequencies)

C Electrical capacitance, Conduit

CA Criticality Analysis

CAAPS Circuit Assembly And Processing System

CACA Totally enclosed air circuit, air cooled

CACW Totally enclosed air circuit, water cooled

CAD Computer aided design

CAN Controller area network

CATV Cable Television or Community Antennae

Tele-vision

CB Circuit breaker

CBCU Circuit breaker control unit

CBI Complementary Binary, referring to a system of

codesCBM Certified Ballast Manufacturer

CBR Constant Bit Rate

CC Constant Current

CCCS Current Controlled Current Source

CCD Charge-Coupled Device

CCR Central control room

CCT Circuit (also: CIR, CKT)

CCTV Closed Circuit Television

CCU Central control unit

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CEGB Central Electricity Generating Board (UK)

CENELEC European Committee for Electro technical

Stan-dardizationcont Continuous quantity

CFL Compact Fluorescent Light or Compact

Fluo-rescent Lamp

CG Cable Glands

CIR Circuit (also: CCT, CKT)

CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer

CKT Circuit (also: CCT, CIR)

CLF Current Limiting Fuse

CMOS Complementary Metal – Oxide SemiconductorCMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio

CNC Computer Numeric Control

COG Chip-on-glass

COR CU Corrugated Copper

cos θ Power factor

CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device

CPT Control Power Transformer

CPU Central Processing Unit

CRO Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

CRT Cathode Ray Tube

CSA, csa Cross-Sectional Area

CSI Current Source Inverter

CSP Chloro Sulphonated Polyethylene

CSS Computerized Synchronizing System

CT Current Transformer

CU Un-tinned Copper

CUWB Copper Wire Braid

CVT Constant Voltage Transformer

DAC Digital to Analog Converter

db(A) Measurement unit of sound, Decibels, absolute.dBm Unit level for power ratio expressed in decibels

(dB) with reference to one mill watt (mW)

DB Distribution Board

DC Direct Current or Voltage

DCDB Direct Current Distribution Board

DCS Distributed Control System

DE Drive End of a shaft

DEMUX Demultiplexer, Single input into multiple

out-putsDFT Discrete Fourier Transform

DIA Diameter

DIMM Dual-In-line Memory Module

DIN Deutsches Institut f¨ur Normung means German

Institute for StandardizationDIP Dual-in-Line Package

DIPS Dual-In-Line Sockets

DLD Digital Logic Design

DLL Delay Locked Loop

DMA Direct Memory Access

DMM Digital Multimeter

DMS Data management system

DMT Definite minimum time

DNC Do Not Connect

DO fuse Drop Out Fuse

DOL Direct-on-line starting of induction motors

DOS Disk Operating System

DP Double Pole or Distribution Panel

DPDT Double Pole, Double Throw

DPI Dots Per Inch

DPIC Double Pole Iron Clad

DPM Digital panel meter

DPR Dividing Pulse Relay

DPST Double Pole, Single Throw

DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory

DRC Design Rule Checking

DSP Differential Signal Processing

DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency

DTL Diode Transistor Logic

DTSP Discrete Time Signal Processing

DUT Device Under Test

DVM Digital Volt Meter

DWR Divided winding rotor synchronous generator

E Earth or ground

EB Equipment Branch

EBIC Electron-Beam-Induced Current

EC Electrical Code or Electrical Contractor or

Elec-tronic CommutatorECAD Electronic Computer-Aided Design

ECHA Equipment certified for hazardous areas

ECL Emitter coupled logic

EEC European Economic Community

EEMVA Engineering Equipment and Materials Users

As-sociation

EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only

Memory

EF Exhaust Fan

EFT Electrical fast transient

EHT Extra High Tension

EHV Extra high voltage

EIEMA Electrical Installation Equipment

Manufac-turer’s Association (UK)ELCB Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker

ELDC Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (supercap)

ELEV Elevator

ELV Extra low voltage, less than 51 volts

EMA Ethylene methyl acrylate

EMC Electromagnetic compatibility

EMI Electromagnetic interference

EMF, e.m.f Electromotive force

EMLDB Emergency Lighting Distribution Board

EMR Electro Mechanical Relay

EMT Electrical Metallic Tubing

EOCR Electronic Overcurrent Relay

EOS Electrical Over Stress

EP Emergency Power

EPDM Ethylene propylene diene monomer

EPO Emergency Power Off (Button or Switch)

EPR Ethylene propylene rubber

EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

ERA Electrical Research Association (UK)

ERM Electronic restart module

ESD Emergency shutdown, Electrostatic dischargeESL Equivalent Series Inductance

ESP Electric submersible pump

ESR Equivalent Series Resistance

EST Extra Super Tension

Ex (), Ex ‘ ’ Certification symbol for hazardous area

equip-ment

eV Electron volt, a unit of energy similar to joulesEWC Electric Water Cooler

EWS Engineering work station

F, f or Hz Frequency, Fuse, Farad

FA Fire Alarm

FAA Fire Alarm Annunciator

FAT Factory acceptance testing

FBA Factory built assemblies

FBT Fly back Transformer

FCEV Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

FCU Feeder control unit

FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing

FDNR Frequency Dependent Negative Resistor

F and G Fire and Gas

FEED Front-end engineering and design of a project.FET Field Effect Transistor

FFC Flexible Flat Cable

FFT Fast Fourier Transform

FIFO First-In, First-Out (a queue)

FILO First-In, Last-Out (a stack)

FLA Full Load Amperes

Flex Flexible, used for cables

FM Frequency Modulation

FMC Flexible Metal Conduit

FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array

Freq Frequency

FRLS Fire Resistance Low Smoke

FSC Final Sub Circuit

FSM Finite State Machine

FSK Frequency Shift Keying

FVC Frequency to Voltage Converter

G or g Electrical conductance, or ground

GBW Gain Bandwidth Product

GCB Gas circuit breaker

GCP Generator control panel

GFCI Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

GFI Ground Fault Interrupter

GIC Generalized Impedance Converter

GIS Gas insulated switchgear

gm Transconductance

GO Gang Operated

GOR Gas to oil ratio of oil well fluids

GOS Group Operated Switches

GPIO General Purpose Input / Output

GPRS General Packet Radio Service

GPS Global Positioning System

GRMC Galvanized Rigid Metal Conduit

GRP Glass reinforced plastic

GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

GSWA Galvanized steel wire armour

GSWB Galvanized steel wire braid

GTG or GT Gas-turbine generator

GTO Gate turn off thyristor

GUI Graphic User Interface

h or hr Hour

HART Highway Addressable Remote Transducer

HBT Heterojunction bipolar transistor

HCL Hydrogen chloride, gas or acid

HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface

HED Hall Effect Device

HEMT High-electron-mobility transistor

HF High frequency

hF E Large-signal current gain of a BJT

HMI Human Machine Interface

HOA Hand-Off-Automatic Switch

HOFR Heat and oil resisting, flame retardant

Hp Horse power, unit of power in fps system

HPF High Pass Filter

HRC High rupturing capacity

HT High Tension

HTS High-temperature semiconductor

HUI Human User Interface

HV High voltage, above 600 volts

HVAC Heating ventilation and air conditioning

Hz Frequency in cycles per second, or hertz

I Current in amperes

IAC or Iac Alternating current

IALA International Association of Lighthouse

Author-ities

IC Integrated circuit

ICDB Iron Clad Distribution Board

ICI Imperial Chemical Industries plc (UK)

ICSP In Circuit Serial Programming

ICTP Iron Clad Triple Pole

IDC, Idc Direct current

IDMT Inverse definite minimum time

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

IEE Institution of Electrical Engineers of UK

IEEE Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers

of USA

IF Intermediate Frequency

IFT Inverse Fourier Transform

IG Isolated Ground

IGBT Insulated-gate Bipolar Transistor

IGFET Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor

I/O Input or output signals or quantity

IOT Internet of Things

IMO International Maritime Organization

IMC Intermediate Metal Conduit

IMCS Integrated motor control system

IMS Information management system

inst Instantaneous quantity

INT Interlock

int Intermittent quantity

IP Institute of Petroleum (UK) and its publications

IP Ingress protection code, see IEC60529

IPMSM Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

IR Insulation resistance

IS Intrinsically safe signal, circuit or equipment

Is/In, IS/IN Ratio of starting current to running current

ISO International Standards Organization

ISP Internet Service Provider

ITU International Telecommunication Union

J Energy in joules or newton-meters

J Current density, amps/mm2

JB Junction Box

JFET Junction field effect transistor

JEDEC Joint Electron Device Engineering Council

kA Kilo-amperes

KCL Kirchhoff’s Current Law

KCMIL Thousand Circular Mils

KEMA Short circuit testing authority in The

kVAr Reactive kilo-volt-amperes

KVL Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

kW Kilowatts

KWH Kilo Watt Hour

L Electrical inductance in henries

L Line (Phase, Live or Hot) or local control

oper-ation

LA Lightning Arrester

LAN Local area network

lbs Weight of a substance in pounds

LCD Liquid-crystal display

LDB Lighting Distribution Board

LDR Light Dependent Resistor

LDS Low density foam

LED Light emitting diode

LEL Lower explosive limit

LF Low frequency

LFMC Liquid Tight Flexible Metal Conduit

LHS Left-hand side

Li–ion Lithium Ion, a type of rechargeable battery

Lloyds Lloyds Register of Shipping (UK)

LMS Load management system

LNA Low noise amplifier

LNG Liquefied natural gas

loc or (L) Local operation

LOP Loss of power

LOPT Line Output Transformer

LOS Loss of signal

LPF Low Pass Filter

LPG Liquefied petroleum gas

LPS Lightning Protection System

LRA Locked Rotor Amperes

LSB Least Significant Bit

LSDS, LSS Load shedding system

LSF Low smoke and fumes, applied to cables and

wires

LSI Large-scale integration

LSLH Low smoke low halogen

LSRS, LSR Load sharing system

LT Low Tension

LTG Lighting

LV Low voltage, 50 to 600 volts

LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer

L1, L2, L3, N Notation for line and neutral voltages and

cur-rents

LUT Look Up Table

LUX Level of illumination

LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transformer

m Length or dimension in meters, or month

mA Current in milli-amperes

MAD Mean Annual Discharge

man or (M) Manual operation

MBIF High-pressure discharge with metallic halides,

with phosphor coatingMBR Double-ended linear arc tube

MBTF Combination of MBF lamp and a filament lamp

MC Metal Clad Cable

MCB Miniature circuit breaker

MCC Motor control center

MCCB Moulded case circuit breaker

MCM Multi-Chip Module

MCP Motor Circuit Protection

MCR Maximum continuous rating

MCU Motor control unit

MCu Microcontroller

MDB Main Distribution Board

MEC Micro Energy Cell

MEMS Micro ElectroMechanical Systems

MESFET Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistor

MESG Maximum experimental safe gap

MF Multiplying Factor

MFSK Multiple frequency-shift keying

Mho Unit of electrical admittance

MI Mineral Insulated

MIC Minimum ignition current

MICC Mineral insulated calendar cable

MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface

MIMIC Mimic display panel

MISO Master Input Slave Output

MLDB Main Lighting Distribution Board

MLO Main Lugs Only

mm Length or dimension in millimeters

MMF, mmf Magneto-motive force

MMI Man–machine interface

MMSCF Million standard cubic feet of a gas

Mole % Molecular weight in %

MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect

Tran-sistor

MOSI Master Output Slave Input

MOV Metal oxide varistor

MPCB Motor Protection Circuit Breaker

MPDB Main Power Distribution Board

MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking

MPU Microprocessor

MS Main Switch

MSB Most Significant Bit

MSW Module steelwork

MT Mica glass tape

MTBF Mean time between failures

MTTR Mean time to repair

MUX Multiplexer, several analog or digital inputs into

N or n Number of items e.g generators installed

N or n Number of turns in a winding

N or n Neutral terminal or line Neutral

NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers

(USA)NBR Nitrile butadiene rubber

NC, N/C Normally closed switching device, No

Connec-tionNCT Neutral Current Transformer

NDE Non-drive end of a shaft

NEC National Electric Code (USA)

NEMA The National Electrical Manufacturer’s

Associ-ation (USA)NER Neutral earth resistor

NFPA National Fire Protection Association (USA)

Ni Nickel metal

NL Neutral Link, Night Light

NO, N/O Normally open switching device

NOx Nitrogen based gas emissions

NPR Noise-power ratio

NPT National pipe threads (USA)

NRZ Non Return to Zero

NS Used to describe a type of variable speed AC

motorNTC Negative Temperature Coefficient

NTS Not to scale

NVM Non Volatile Memory

O Open, off or stop

OC, O/C Overcurrent or open circuit

OCB Oil circuit breaker

OCTC On-circuit Tap Changer

OCV Open Circuit Voltage, the difference in electrical

potential when disconnected from a circuit

OF, O/F Over frequency

OFAF Forced circulation of internal liquid, forced heat

exchanging to external air

OFAN Forced circulation of internal liquid, natural

heat exchanging to external air

OHL, OHLine Overhead line

Ohms Unit of electrical resistance or impedance

OIM Offshore installation manager

OL, O/L Overload

OLED Organic light-emitting diode

OLP OverLoad Protection

OLR OverLoad Relay

OLTC On-load Tap Changer

ONAF Naturally circulated internal liquid, forced heat

exchanging to external airONAN Naturally circulated internal liquid, natural heat

exchanging to external airOpAmp Operational Amplifier

OSC Oscillator

OSHA Occupational Health and Safety Administration

(USA)OTA Operational Transconductance Amplifier

OV, O/V Overvoltage

OVP Overvoltage Protector