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CHUYÊN ĐỀ I: THÌ ĐỘNG TỪA SUMMARIES OF TENSES

1 Thìhiện

- diễn tả hành động thườngxuyên xảy ra.

- diễn tả thói quen.- diễn tả thời gian biểu, lịch trình, thông báo.- diễn tả sự thật, chân lí.- diễn tả nghề nghiệp, sở thích, nguồn gốc, bình phẩm.

V(bare): I/ số nhiều V

V(s/es): số ítS + V am: I be is: số ít are: số nhiều

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:

* V (do/does):

(-): S + do/does + not + V(bare)(?): Do/does + S + V (bare)?* Be (am/ is/ are):

(-): S + am/is/ are + not +…………(?): Am/is/are + S +………….?

- seldom/ rarely/ hardly- sometimes/ occasionally- often/ usually/ frequently- always/ constantly- ever

- never- every

2 Thìquákhứđơn

- diễn tả hành động đã xảyra và đã chấm dứt trong quá khứ, không còn liên quan tới hiện tại.

- diễn tả hành động xảy ra nối tiếp nhau trong quá khứ.

- diễn tả hồi ức, kỉ niệm.

Ved/V(cột 2)S + V was: số ít Be

(-): S + was/were + not +……(?): Was/were + S + …….?

- ago- last- yesterday

- in + một mốc thời gian trongquá khứ (in 2000 )

3 Thìtươngtai đơn

- diễn tả những hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai.- diễn tả những dự đoán.- diễn tả lời hứa.

S + will + V(bare)

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + will + not + V(bare)(?): Will + S + V (bare)?

- tomorrow- next- soon

- in + một khoảng thời gian (in an hour )

4 Thìhiện

- diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói.- diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai (có kế hoạch từ trước).

- diễn tả sự thay đổi của thói quen.

- diễn ta sự ca thán, phàn nàn.

S+ am/is/are + V-ing

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + am/is/are + not + V-ing(?): Am/ is/ are + S + V-ing?

- now

- at the moment- at present- right now- look /hear (!)

5 Thìquákhứtiếpdiễn

- diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.- diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động

S + was/were + Ving

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S+ was/ were + not + V-ing(?): Was/ were + S+ V-ing?

- giờ + trạng từ quá khứ (at 3 pm yesterday )

- at this/that time + trạng từ quá khứ ( at this time last week )

khác xen vào, hành động nào xảy ra trước chia thì quá khử tiếp diễn, hành động nào xảy ra sau chia thì quá khứ đơn.

6 Thìtươngtaitiếpdiễn

- diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra vào một thời điểm cụ thể trong tương lai.- diễn tả hành động sẽ đang xảy ra trong tương lai thì có hành động khác xen vào, hành động nào xảy ra trước chia thì tươnglai tiếp diễn, hành động nào xảy ra sau chia thì hiện tại đơn.

S + will + be + Ving

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vẩn:(-): S + will + not + be + Ving(?): Will + S + be + Ving?

- giờ + trạng từ tương lai (at 3pm tomorrow )

- at this/that time + trạng từ tương lai

(at this time next week )

7 Thìhiện

- diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ thời gian.- diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ.

- diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng để lạidấu hiệu hoặc hậu quả ở hiện tại.

- diễn tả những trải nghiệm.

- diễn tả những hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng kéo dài tới hiện tại và vẫn còn có khả năng sẽ tiếp diễn trong tương lai.

S + have/ has + V(pp)(have: I / số nhiều has: số ít)

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S+ have/ has + not + V(pp)(?): Have/ Has + S + V(pp)?

- for- since- ever- never- so far- recently- lately

- before (đứng cuối câu)- up to now/ up to present/ until now

- yet- just- already

8 Thìquákhứhoànthành

- diễn tả những hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trướchành động khác trong quá khứ.

S + had + V(pp)

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + had + not + V(pp)(?): Had + S + V(pp)?

- before/by the time (trước chia quá khứ hoàn thành, sau chia quá khứ đơn).

- after (trước chia quá khứ đơn, sau chia quá khứ hoàn thành).

9 Thìtươnglai hoàn

- diễn tả hành động sẽ được hoàn thành trước khi một hành động khác xảy đến.

S + will + have + V(pp)

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + will + not + have + V(pp)(?): Will + S + have + V (pp)?

- nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động đãxảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể

S + have/has + been + VingThành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + have/has + not + been + V-ing(?): Have/has + S + been + V-ing?

- all day/week - almost every day this week

- in the past year

hoànthànhtiếp diễn

tiếp diễn trong tương lai).

nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động đãxảy ra trong quá khử và kết thúc trước một hành động quá khứ khác.

S + had + been + Ving

Thành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + had + not + been + Ving(?): Had + S + been + Ving?

- until then- prior to that time

nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động sẽđang xảy ra trong tương lai và kết thúc trước một hành động tương lai khác.

S + will + have + been + VingThành lập phủ định và nghi vấn:(-): S + will + not + have + been + Ving(?): Will + S + have+ been + Ving?

B PRACTICE EXERCISESI THE PRESENT TENSESExercise 1:

Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions.

Question 1 : We can go out now It _anymore.

Question 2 : What _in your spare time? Do you have any hobbies?

A have you doneB are you doingC do you doD have you been doingQuestion 3 : Mary usually _me on Fridays, but she didn’t call last Friday.

A have been callingB callsC is callingD have calledQuestion 4 : I _hungry Let’s have something to eat.

Question 5 : What is that noise? What _?A have been happening B is happening

Question 6 : It’s usually dry here at this time of the year It _much.

Question 7 : Look! That man over there _the same sweater as you.

Question 8 : I wonder why Jim _so nice to me today He isn’t usually like that.

Question 9 : Mary wasn’t happy with her new job at first, but she _to like it now.

A beginsB have begunC is beginningD have been beginningQuestion 10 : This is a nice restaurant, isn’t it? Is this the first time you _here?

Question 11 : I need a new job I _the same job for too long.

Question 12 : “You look tired” “Yes, I _basketball”.

Question 13 : I would like to see Tina again It’s been a long time _.A that I didn’t see herB for I didn’t see her

Question 14 : Bod and Alice have been married _.

A that 20 yearsB since 20 yearsC when 20 yearsD for 20 yearsQuestion 15 : - I am looking for Paul You _him?

- Yes, he was here a minute ago.

Question 16 : Unless she _extra, she will not complete the work.

Question 17 : The house at the end of the street which _empty for years has been sold.

Question 18 : All right, you’ll try to fix the television! But I _you know what you’re doing.

Question 19 : Who _at the door?

Question 20 : How long it _you to get to the library?

A does - takeB have - takenC is - takingD have - been takingQuestion 21 : Many girls want to go to the pub while only a minority _to watch TV at home now.

Question 22 : They’ve faxed me I should stay till they _a replacement Well,

last time it took two weeks.

Question 23 : Let’s have some tea It _chilly.

Question 24 : Don’t talk to him while he _.

Question 25 : Ann wants to see you You _here for ages!

Question 26 : - Your house is very beautiful How long you _here?

- Nearly ten years.

A did - liveB have - been livingC do - liveD is - livingQuestion 27 : I _to the movies for ages We used to go a lot.

A haven’t goneB didn’t goC isn’t goingD hadn’t goneQuestion 28 : Why are you putting on your coat? You _out?

Question 29 : Look! That plane _toward the airport It is going to land.

Question 30 : Ann is very tired She _tennis for three hours.

Question 31 : He works in a bank, but he _it very much.

A doesn’t enjoyB haven’t enjoyedC didn’t enjoyD hadn’t enjoyedQuestion 32 : I _well lately Maybe I should go to the doctor.

Question 33 : I _my homework for two hours, but I _yet.

A have done - haven’t finishedB is doing - isn’t finishing

C will do - will not finishD have been doing - haven’t finishedQuestion 34 : Let’s take our travel chess set in case we _bored on the train.

Question 35 : We _get in touch with our customers by post.

Question 36 : We have been married _.

C for over twenty years D since over twenty years

Question 37 : Melanie _her hand It’s bleeding heavily.

Question 38 : “When will Mary be able to leave hospital?” - “Don’t be so impatient We cannot release her before

we _the last test.”

Question 39 : The Amazon River _into the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 40 : My parents live in _London They _there _all their lives.

Question 41 : Where have you been? I _for you for the last half hour.

A am lookingB have been lookingC will be lookingD lookQuestion 42 : My brother is an actor He _in several movies.

Question 43 : Please don’t bother him now He _.

A is workingB has been workingC had been workingD was workingQuestion 44 : I _an interesting book at the moment I will lend it to you when I _it.A am reading - have finishedB read - am finishing

C have read - am finishingD read - will finish

Question 45 : Ha never _fishing in the winter but she always _it in the summer.

A goes - doesB has gone - doneC go - doD was gone - done

Question 46 : We can win only if we remain united, so we must support them the moment they _on strike.

Question 47 : I am sorry I _that fellow’s name already.

Question 48 : It usually _very much in that part of the United States.

Question 49 : Look! A man _after the train He wants to catch it.

TEST IExercise 2 :

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1 : Hoang _his email four times a week in order not to miss anything important.

Question 2 : Nowadays, people _social networks with more and more caution.

Question 3 : At the moment, my sister _her homework, my brother _games.A is making - is playing B is doing - is playing

Question 4 : It’s 7.00 p.m now and we _meal together We usually _dinner at that time.

A have - eat B have - are eatingC are having - eatD are having - are eating

Question 5 : I _a bike to school every day but today I _to school by bus because it was stolen yesterday.A rode - wentB ride - am goingC ride - goD is riding - am going

Question 6 : That Hoa _in class affects other students around.

A always talkB is always talkingC always talksD always talkingQuestion 7 : Hoang and Phong _football as they’re having class now.

A don’t playB are playingC doesn’t playD aren’t playingQuestion 8 : Hoa usually _charge of doing the washing-up in her family.

Question 9 : Our friends _for the fashion show now.

Question 10 : All staff in this restaurant _an urgent meeting right now.

Question 11 : After the physics lesson, the children know that water _at 100 Degrees C.

Question 12 : My mom _to the supermarket every Sunday for shopping.

Question 13 : Look! Minh _on stage She looks so beautiful.

A singsB are singingC is singingD sangQuestion 14 : Bich sometimes _chicken noodle soup for breakfast.

Question 15 : Who _the guitar in that room, Hoa?

Question 16 : Jenny often _jeans and T-shirt at school but she _a gorgeous dress today.

Question 17 : First thing in the morning, I _a cup of milk tea.

Question 18 : Ms Kim _very well when she’s under pressure.

Question 19 : I’m sorry Lan is busy now She _her document on the second floor.

Question 20 : Hurry up, Linh Other friends _for us.

Question 21 : My clothes are not in the room They _them away.

Question 22 : She _for 10 hours! You must wake her up.

A sleepsB is sleepingC has been sleepingD sleptQuestion 23 : David _the TV set at the moment He _at it for one hour or so.A is repairing/ has workedB repairs/has been workingC has repaired/has been workingD repairs/worked

Question 24 : David _his hands He just _the TV set.

A washes/has just repairedB is washing/has just been repairingC is washing/ has just repairedD has washed/ has just repairedQuestion 25 : Why _? _you his anecdotes?

A are you laughing/has Jim toldB are you laughing/has Jim been tellingC have you laughed/ has Jim toldD have you laughed/ has Jim been telling

II THE PAST TENSESExercise 1 :

Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions.

Question 1 : She passed her examination because she _very hard.

A studiedB was studyingC had been studyingD studiesQuestion 2 : You _out last night or were you tired?

Question 3 : This time yesterday I _tennis with my classmates.

Question 4 : Nicole _television a lot when she _sick last year.

C was watching - wasD had been watching - wasQuestion 5 : Mary _home when she met Dave.

Question 6 : The doorbell _while I _a shower.

Question 7 : When I was young, I _to be a pilot.

Question 8 : The war _out three years ago.

Question 9 : When he was young, he _in the army.

Question 10 : She often goes to school by bike but yesterday she _by bus.

Question 11 : He _a cup of coffee every morning many years ago.

Question 12 : Yesterday she _to pay me for my helping her but I didn’t accept.

Question 13 : There _a lot of grass in the garden last summer.

Question 14 : It’s time we _something to help him.

Question 15 : Mr Brown _in Paris when the Second World War broke out.

Question 16 : I and my mom _comic at this time last night.

Question 17 : At lO.pm last night, my younger brother _games online.

A had been playing B was playingC will be playingD have been playingQuestion 18 : People _all trees along the streets at this time two years ago.

Question 19 : She _her homework at this time yesterday morning?

A Was-doingB Had - been doingC Do-doD Will - be doingQuestion 20 : They _dinner when we _.

C come - will be coming D were having - came

Question 21 : At 8.am yesterday they _dinner while we _TV.

A will be having - will be watchingB were having - were watching

C are having - are watching D will have had - will have watched

Question 22 : When I went out, the sun _.

A will be shiningB is shiningC was shiningD had been shiningQuestion 23 : We _to the station when it _to rain.

A were walking - began B had been walking - began

C have been walking - beginsD will be walking - beginQuestion 24 : The servant dropped two cups while she _up last night.

Question 25 : Almost everybody _by the time we arrived.

A have been leavingB had leftC was leavingD have leftQuestion 26 : The secretary _until she _her work.

A hadn’t left - finishB don’t leave - had finished

C didn’t leave - had finished D wasn’t leaving - finishedQuestion 27 : The teacher asked the boy why he _his homework.

Question 28 : She _the letter when she _she _it to the wrong address.A posted - had realized - sentB had posted - realized - had sent

C was posting - realized - had sent D have posted - had realized - had sentQuestion 29 : Hardly _a mile when it had a flat tyre.

A had the car goneB did the car goC had the car goD do the car goQuestion 30 : The weather _far worse than we _.

C was - have been expecting D was - had expectedQuestion 31 : They _for five years when they finally had a child.A will have been marriedB had been married

Question 32 : When she _her work, she _to the cinema.

A finished - had goneB was finishing - had been going

C had finished - went D had been finishing - was going

Question 33 : At the time of our first meeting there was a considerable difference between me and him;

he _articles in magazines for over five years while I was practically unknown.

Question 34 : The house _to the ground by the time the firemen _A burned - had arrivedB had burned - arrivedC was burning – arrived D burned - was arriving

Question 35 : I _the accident when I was waiting for the taxi.

Question 36 : I agree that while the soup was OK, the meat was too dry - we _

it about 20 minutes too long.

Question 37 : At this time last night while people were talking to each other, he _his book.

Question 38 : While we _in the park, Mary fell over.

Question 39 : _I was listening to music, I heard the doorbell.

Question 40 : How long _English before she went to London?

Question 41 : They _at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.

A were waitingB will be learningC had been waitingD are learningQuestion 42 : We _for her ring for two hours and then we found it in the

A had been lookingB were lookingC will be learningD have been learningQuestion 43 : Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he _in the rain too long.

A was singingB will be learningC is singingD had been singing

Question 44 : When police were investigating the road accident, they discovered that the driver _two road

accidents before.

A had been involved in B had been being involved in

C will be involving inD will have involved in

Question 45 : They _anyone while they were walking home because it was raining.A weren’t seeingB hadn’t seeC didn’t seeD weren’t seen

Question 46 : Although at that time my knowledge of German was very poor, I _most of what they said.

Question 47 : We watched the film The Godfather last night We had seen the film about 3 times before but we

watched it again because John _it.

A had been seeing B had never seenC have never seenD have been eatingQuestion 48 : We _for nearly 100 kilometres before we finally found a service

station we could stop at.

A had driven B have been drivingC had been drivingD have drivenQuestion 49 : I _a student in Moloxop School in 1998.

Question 50 : When I got home I realised that while I _someone had stolen my wallet.

A had walked B have been walkingC have walkedD had been walking

TEST 2Exercise 12 :

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1 : We _to the hospital to visit Mike when he _to say that he was fine.

A were driving - was calling B drove - called

C were driving - called D drove - was callingQuestion 2 : What _to you on Sunday night?

Question 3 : Last night, we _for you for ages but you never _up.

C were waiting - were showing D waited - was showingQuestion 4 : We _our quality time when the unexpected guest _.

C had been having - came D have had - would have come

Question 5 : Since they _us they _to visit us last Sunday, we _forward to the day.

A were telling - came - looked B would tell - would visit - would look

C told - would come - were looking D tell - are coming - will lookQuestion 6 : I _out last night but at the last minute I _that I had a quiz

this morning

C had gone - would realize D would go — have realized

Question 7 : She hasn't paid as much attention to her children as she _ since she _working.

C was doing - was startingD has done - would startQuestion 8 : My brother _at the road when he _into a hole.

A wasn't looking - was fallingB didn't look - has fallenC wasn't looking - fellD won't look - fallQuestion 9 : Magellan _the first European who _through the strait.

Question 10 : The first self-sufficient village in Britain _the Norman's idea.

They were some strange invaders who _to change the country in a better way.

C have been - were hopingD was being - had hopedQuestion 11 : Linda only _the film after she _the book.

C had understood - read D understood - was reading

Question 12 : _you ever _on TV before you _in this reality show?A Had appeared - took partB Have appeared - took partC Did appear - had taken partD Would appear - took partQuestion 13 : I wasn't sure how Belinda would react because I _her long.

C hadn't been knowing D hadn't known

Question 14 : I wanted to say goodbye to Jerry, but he _.

C had already been leavingD had already left

Question 15 : When we _to the airport, I realized that I _my passport at home.

A got - had leftB got - was leftC got - leftD had got - had leftQuestion 16 : He _the umbrella in his right hand trying to keep his balance.

Question 17 : When I met Walters about two years before his death he didn't seem satisfied He _no major book

since he settled in Uganda.

Question 18 : Throughout the campaign we _our candidate's photographs on

the walls of public buildings, hoping to attract women's votes.

Question 19 : Many of the people who attended Major Gordon's funeral _him

for many years.

A didn't seeB wouldn't seeC haven't seenD hadn't seen

Question 20 : Seeing Peter's handwriting on the envelope, she _the letter without reading it She has not

mentioned it ever since.

Question 21 : We were both very excited about the visit, as we _each other for ages.

Question 22 : What made you think he _in the Royal Air Force?

A must have to beB had beenC was beingD had had to beQuestion 23 : Without turning my head in the direction of the gate I _a small

object just under the fence.

Question 24 : With just one exception, the report says, each of the trees that was cut down _very expensive

treatment for periods of up to ten years.

Question 25 : They _married for two years or so when Roy enployed a very

attractive Indian secretary in his Glasgow office.

A only have beenB were onlyC have only beenD had only been

Question 26 : I know too little Dutch to have understood what they were talking about What I _was that their

boss would be there the next morning.

Question 27 : The driver _violently and managed to stop the car just inches

from the body lying on the road.

Question 28 : They stopped to take a rest because they _long enough.

A have workedB had been workingC workedD were working

Question 29 : The performance _at 7 o'clock and _for three hours We all _it.A had begun/lasted/enjoyedB began/had lasted/enjoyed

C began/lasted/enjoyed D began/lasted/enjoy

Question 30 : By the time you _cooking, they had done their homework.

III THE FUTURE TENSESExercise :

Choose the bestword or phrase to complete in the following questions.

Question 1 : He _to the theatre tonight He has got a free ticket.

Question 2 : Not a cloud in the sky It _another warm day.

Question 3 : When I retire, I _to Barbados to live.

C shall come back _ D am coming backQuestion 4 : What time _tomorrow?A are you going to leave B do you leave

Question 5 : Who _the next World Cup?

Question 6 : The traffic is terrible We _our flight.

Question 7 : I _my books for my readers in a book exhibition at this time tomorrow.

A am going to sign B will be signingC will signD will have been signingQuestion 8 : We _her the truth when she _home.

A are going to tell - will come B are telling - comes

C will tell - will come D will tell - comes

Question 9 : In two months’ time, Raymond _from the college with a degree and will be expecting a respected

and well-paid job.

Question 10 : They _our winter house by the time we _from our

summer house.

A painted - had returned B will have painted - return

C will be painting - have returnedD have been painting - have returnedQuestion 11 : A: Can you join us for a picnic tomorrow?

B: Thanks, but I _to the cinema with Anna.

Question 12 : Next Saturday at this time, we _on the beach in Mexico.

A will relaxB relaxC will be relaxingD are going to relax

Question 13 : Let’s take her some pizza and Coke I’m sure she will be tired when we get home, because she _the

flat all afternoon.

A will have been cleaningB will be cleaning

Question 14 : In six months’ time, she _from the university.

Question 15 : If you need to reach us, we _at the Fairmont Hotel that time.

A have been stayingB are stayingC will be stayingD had been stayingQuestion 16 : We _you as soon as we arrive in Paris.

Question 17 : You _yourselves in the Caribbean, while we’re stuck here in New York with this cold weather.A are stayingB will be enjoyingC have been stayingD had been staying

Question 18 : Susan _credit card payments until her debt is all paid off.

Question 19 : The sky is very black It _.

Question 20 : But all these things _if you marry me.

A will happen onlyB will only happenC happenD are going to happenQuestion 21 : I haven't made up my mind yet But I think I _something nice in my mum's wardrobe.

Question 22 : My horoscope says that I _an old friend this week.

Question 23 : At this time next Friday evening Mrs Almanac _refreshments for her son’s engagement party

and _her future daughter-in-law.

A will prepare - will be helpingB will be preparing - will be helpingC will be preparing - will helpD will prepare - will have helpedQuestion 24 : By the end of next year, Geoge _English for 2 years.

A will have learnedB will learnC has learnedD would learnQuestion 25 : When will you send the message? - We _it by Friday.

Question 26 : Can we start the party at 3 o'clock? - I don't think so All our guests _by then I'm afraid.

A won't have arrived B don't arriveC haven't arrivedD didn't arrive

Question 27 : - What does a blonde say when she sees a banana skin lying just a few metres in front of her? - Oh dear!

Question 28 : Here is the weather forecast Tomorrow _dry and sunny.

Question 29 : Can I have a look at your photos tomorrow? - No, I'm sorry I _ them by tomorrow.

C will not have developedD am developing

Question 30 : I know by the time they come to my house this evening, I _out for a walk.A will have goneB will goC will be goingD shall goQuestion 31 : These machines _very well by the time you come back next month.A will be workingB are going to workC will have workedD are workingQuestion 32 : I hope they _building the road by the time we come back next summer.

A are finishing B will be workingC are going to workD will have finishedQuestion 33 : By 2020, the number of schools in our country _.

A will doubleB will have doubledC are doublingD shall doubleQuestion 34 : They _the classroom by the end of the hour.

A are going to leaveB will be leavingC will have leftD are leavingQuestion 35 : They _pingpong when their father comes back home.

Question 36 : I’m going on holiday on Saturday.This time next week I _on a beach in the sea.

Question 37 : At 8 o’clock this evening my friends and I _a famous film at the cinema.A were watchingB will be watchingC have been watchingD watchedQuestion 38 : They _their presentation at this time tomorrow morning.

A are makingB are going to makeC will be makingD will makeQuestion 39 : When they _tomorrow, we _in the sea.

C are coming - are swimmingD come - will be swimmingQuestion 40 : She _from the excursion by 6 o'clock.

Question 41 : We _working for ten days when they pay our wages tomorrow.

A were going to beB are going toC will beD will have beenQuestion 42 : By the end of next month, I _the project to the committee.

C will be presenting D will have been presentingQuestion 43 : She _the movie before you bring the DVD.

A is seeingB will be seeingC is going to seeD will have seenQuestion 44 : When you look through the small window, you _that the safe is

in its usual place.

A would discoverB discoveredC will be discoveringD will discoverQuestion 45 : Tell him I _anything with him until I have spoken with my wife.

A won’t discussB haven’t discussedC don’t discussD didn’t discussQuestion 46 : When I finish this course, I _to the next level.

Question 47 : She is really worried that she _to the exam because she doesn’t have her identity card on her.

C hadn’t been admitted D won’t be admitted

Question 48 : My mom _for two days by the time I see her.

A will have been travellingB has been travellingC will has been travellingD has been travelledQuestion 49 : That cat _you if you pull its tail.

A scratchesB has scratchedC will scratchD is going to scratchQuestion 50 : I _Alex your letter when I see her tomorrow.

A will sendB am going to sendC are sendingD shall sendQuestion 51 : - What are your plans for the holiday?

- I _my grandparents and then go trekking in Sapa.

A am going to visitB shall goC will go to visitD will go

TEST 3Exercise 19 :

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1 : - “Your face _dirty, Tom."

- "All right I _it.”

A is/am going to wash B is/will washC has been/am washing D has been/will wash

Question 2 : They _the results tomorrow morning at nine o'clock.

Question 3 : I suppose when I _back in two years' time, they _down all these old buildings.

C come/will have pulled D will come/pull

Question 4 : Thousands of people _this exhibition by the end of next month.A will seeB will be seeing C will have seen D seeQuestion 5 : By the time you finish cooking they _their homework.

Question 6 : Come to see me at 5 this afternoon I _home until 4:30.

A don’t arriveB won’t arriveC are not arrivingD haven’t arrivedQuestion 7 : No one _when he _tomorrow, or whether he will come at all.

Question 8 : I _back as soon as I get through with my business.

Question 9 : The police hope they _the mystery soon.

Question 10 : What _at 10:20 pm tomorrow?

A were you doingB will you doC are you doingD will you be doing

Question 11 : You haven’t seen my sister for a long time us tonight?A Are you going to visit B Will you visit

Question 12 : At this time next, week they _in the train on their way to Paris.

A will sitB will be sittingC will have satD will have been sittingQuestion 13 : By 2025, this area _turned into an industrial centre.

Question 14 : They _English from nine to ten in this room Don't let anyone disturb them then.A will haveB will have hadC will be havingD have

Question 15 : The car _ready for him when he _tomorrow.

C will have been/comes D will have been/came

Question 16 : I'm going to retire soon By the first of next July I _here for 25 years.

Question 17 : Don't worry We _the report by 11.

A finishB have finishedC will finishD will have finishedQuestion 18 : Listen! There's someone at the door I _the door for you.

Question 19 : “Look at those dark clouds! “Yes, it _in some minutes.”

A will rainB is going to rainC are going to rainD is rainingQuestion 20 : It’s very hot the window, please?

IV REVISION FOR TENSESExercise 20 :

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1 : While they _to Wyoming, their car ran out of gas.

A droveB had been drivingC have drivenD were drivingQuestion 2 : Alice looked much slimmer because she _for a few months.

A had been dietingB has been dietingC was dietingD dietsQuestion 3 : When she’s done the ironing, she _the length of the dress for me.

Question 4 : You are too slow I’m sure that by the time you phone them, they _that car to someone else.A will sellB will have soldC are going to sellD are selling

Question 5 : As soon as they _my last book, I _you a copy with my autograph.A will print - will sendB had printed - will send

C printed - will be sendingD print - will send

Question 6 : Because the children _forward to seeing Harry Potter for so long, I took them even though it was

really inconvenient for me.

A had been lookingB were looking

Question 7 : When we _at the airport we _that we _our passports at the office.A arrived - had noticed - had leftB arrived - noticed - had left

C have arrived - noticed – leftD had arrived - have noticed - have left

Question 8 : Generally he _to work by car, but today he _by bus because his car is in the garage.

Question 9 : He _for over three hours when he finished the report.

A will have typedB was typingC has been typingD had been typingQuestion 10 : Three days ago her boyfriend _her and she _continually ever since.

C left - has been crying D had left - was crying

Question 11 : This is the first customer we _something today.

Question 12 : Andrew _the plants in the garden right now but I _sure

that it will rain this afternoon.

A is watering - was B is watering - am C waters - amD watered - wasQuestion 13 : She should have informed the police as soon as she _that her

purse had been stolen.

A discoversB would discoverC had discoveredD has discoveredQuestion 14 : My father _to rent a car when one of his friends phoned him to

offer his own car for the trip.

A had decidedB was decidingC has decidedD decidedQuestion 15 : When he _he _on a bed in a room with no windows.

A had woken up - was lyingB woke up - was lying

Question 16 : The teacher _to the class before the students _the problems.A will come back - have solvedB had come back - solvedC came back - have solvedD is coming back - solve

Question 17 : Yesterday on TV they _a heavy shower for today, but I _ even a single drop yet.A announced - am not seeingB announced - didn’t see

C have announced - haven’t seenD announced - haven’t seen

Question 18 : You don’t have to worry about the children, they _all about this by the end of the semester.

Question 19 : I’ve just noticed that she _a haircut It _wonderful.A will have - has looked B had had - looked

Question 20 : While she _for her sister outside the supermarket, someone

_her handbag.

A had to wait - had stolenB waited - had been stealingC had waited - was stealingD was waiting - stole

Question 21 : The spokesperson _her speech yet when an angry audience member _shouting at her.A won’t finish - begins B didn’t finish - was beginning

C hadn’t finished - beganD doesn’t finish - is beginning

Question 22 : This is the forty-second composition paper I _so far, and there _seventy-five more.

A will have checked - are going to be B had checked - were

Question 23 : The carelessness of parents often _children to be subject to many household accidents.

Question 24 : By the end of the term, I _all eight volumes.

Question 25 : She says she won’t phone us until she _the information.

Question 26 : When we _out, the chest cavity _smaller.

C will breathe - will becomeD will breathe - becomes

Question 27 : Our local grocers said he _the groceries as soon as he _my order.A had sent - had receivedB will have sent - has received

Question 28 : He _the mayor of the town for seven years until his death last year.

A would have beenB has beenC had beenD will have beenQuestion 29 : My father asked me if I _an increase in salary the following month.

A am gettingB was gettingC am going to getD will getQuestion 30 : As we _tired of waiting, we _to go without them.

Question 31 : That cat _you if you pull its tail.

A scratchesB has scratched C will scratch D is going to scratchQuestion 32 : I see you have a saw in your hands you _the dry tree branches?

Question 33 : I _coal into the stove That’s why my hands are all dirty.

A had putB was puttingC had been puttingD have been puttingQuestion 34 : The committee _a report when it _all the available information.

A will submit - has collectedB submits - collectedC will submit - will collectD will submit - collectedQuestion 35 : The patient _after he _ill for a long time.

A died - has beenB dies - had beenC died - had beenD will die - will be

Question 36 : By the time the security guards _ what _, the gang _already _inside the bank.A realized - was happening - had - beenB will have realized - will be happening - were

C had realized - happened - areD have realized - happened - wereQuestion 37 : Although he _to listen to the teacher, he _of the football

match all the time.

A has pretended - thoughtB pretended - was thinkingC pretended - has thoughtD pretends - was thinkingQuestion 38 : He _so much money that he _what to do with it.A earned - hadn’t knownB earns - didn’t know

C earns - doesn’t know D has earned - didn’t know

Question 39 : “You’ve just missed the last bus.” - “Never mind, I _.”

Question 40 : Ben and Claire _to pay us a visit as soon as they _in their new apartment.A promise - settledB have been promising - were settlingC promised - are settling D have promised - have settled

Question 41 : Ford _his friends, some of whom earn more money than he does.

A won’t envyB didn’t envyC doesn’t envyD hasn’t enviedQuestion 42 : They _it unless they _there is no other way.

A aren’t doing - will be thinkingB don’t do - will thinkC haven’t dome - thoughtD won’t do - thinkQuestion 43 : In spite of the fact that he _his cousin, he _drinkingA warned - doesn’t stop B warned - didn’t stop

C warned - hadn’t stoppedD has warned - didn’t stopQuestion 44 : She _French since she _to Illinois.

C has been studying - cameD studied - came

Question 45 : Henry was packing the suitcases while his wife _the room.

A was tidyingB tidiesC has been tidyingD had tidiedQuestion 46 : Christine _as a nurse for seven years, then she became a teacher.A has workedB has been workingC was workingD workedQuestion 47 : Although she lives in Tokyo, she _the Royal Palace.

A didn’t visitB has never visitedC is not visitingD hadn’t visitedQuestion 48 : Before we knew what was happening, the roof _.

A has fallen inB will fall inC had fallen inD had been falling inQuestion 49 : They _how deeply the rows between his parents _the child.

A didn’t realize - had affectedB didn’t realize - have affectedC don’t realize - affectedD will never realize - had affected

Question 50 : These statistics _that life expectancy _quite significantly

longer in cold climates than that in warm ones.

Exercise 21 :

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 1 : She _the letter a few moments before my call came through.

A has just openedB had just openedC just openedD just opensQuestion 2 : As soon as the boys _the hall they _to speak about books and writers.

Question 3 : While we _dinner at a restaurant someone came to the house and _this note.A had had/ leftB were having/leftC had/leftD were having/had leftQuestion 4 : By the end of this year we _a new house.

A will buyB will be buyingC will have boughtD had boughtQuestion 5 : “You always _mistakes, you need _the instructions more carefully.”

Question 6 : Those students who _the exam are going to take another one held in August.

Question 7 : I _your brother this afternoon at Green Street.

Question 8 : She said she met you once at the Hilton last year. _since then?

A Have you met herB Did you meet herC Were you met herD Had you met herQuestion 9 : Mr Edwards _history for 35 years, and is retiring soon.

Question 10 : I’m tired I _the house since 9 this morning.

A am cleaningB was cleaningC had been cleaningD have been cleaningQuestion 11 : I can’t believe that you _all the three exercises You just started five minutes ago.

Question 12 : “How’s Peter doing?” “I don’t know I _from him for months.”

A have to hearB haven’t heardC didn’t hearD don’t hearQuestion 13 : Their children _lots of new friends since they _to that town.

Question 14 : He _a cigarette and _to the window.

C was lighted/was walkingD lit/had walked

Question 15 : "You _here before?" "Yes, I _my holidays here last year.

Question 16 : "You have just missed the last train." "Never mind, I _."

Question 17 : I _my sister in April as planned.

Question 18 : Then about a year ago, he _and I _from him since.

A has disappeared/haven’t never heardB has disappeared/never heardC disappeared/ have never heardD was disappeared/had never heardQuestion 19 : After the guests _she went back into the living-room and _off the light.

C had left/had switched D had left/was switching

Question 20 : When Alice gets here, you _her to her room?

A will you showB did you showC have you shownD are you showingQuestion 21 : As Hugh and I _down the steps we nearly _into my father.

A came/ranB were coming/ranC had come/ranD came/were runningQuestion 22 : If you want to see us, come to Tom's on Sunday We _for you there at midday.A will waitB will be waitingC will have waitedD will have been waitingQuestion 23 : Come in, please I _for you long.

A have waitedB had waitedC have been waitingD waited

Question 24 : For a moment after their son _the room, Mr and Mrs Smith merely _ and _ at each other.A had left/had stood/lookedB had left/stood/looked

Question 25 : When we _in London tonight, it _.

A arrived/was probably rainingB arrive/ will be probably rainingC arrived/had been probably rainingD arrive/ will have probably rainedQuestion 26 : I'm afraid I must ask you both what _yesterday at 10:20 p.m.

A did you doB had you doneC you were doingD were you doingQuestion 27 : There _great changes in our village in the past few years.

Question 28 : The noise from the trains _me terribly last night.

Question 29 : Listen to this! I think this news _you.

A surprisesB will surpriseC surprisedD would surpriseQuestion 30 : By the end of this month, I hope I _200 pages of my new novel.

C will have been writing D have written

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: SỰ PHỐI THÌWHEN

diễn tả hành động xảy ra nối tiếp nhau

Trong QUÁ KHỨ:

WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)

Eg: When he saw me, he smiled, at me.

Trong TƯƠNG LAI:

WHEN + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai đơn)

Eg: When I see him, I will remind him to call you.

diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì

Trong QUÁ KHỨ:

WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)

Eg: When I came to see her, she was cooking dinner.

có hành đ ng khác ộng khác xen vào

Trong TƯƠNG LAI:

WHEN + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai tiếp diễn)

Eg: When you come in, your boss will be waiting for you there.

di n t m t hành ễn tả một hành ả một hành ộng khác đ ng x y ra xong ộng khác ả một hành trước một hành c m t hành ộng khác đ ng khácộng khác

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

WHEN + S + V (quá kh đ n), S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: When I arrived at the airport, the plane had taken offTrong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

WHEN + S + V (hi n t i đ n), S + V(tện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai hoàn thành)

Eg: When you return to the town, they will have finished building a new bridge.

AS SOONAS(ngay khi)

di n t hành đ ng ễn tả một hành ả một hành ộng khác x y ra n i ti p nhauả một hành ối tiếp nhau ếp nhau

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

AS SOON AS + S + V (quá kh đ n), S + V (quá kh đ n)ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: As soon as she saw a mouse, she shouted and ran away.Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

AS SOON AS + S + V (hi n t i đ n/hi n t i hoàn thành), S + V (tện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai đ n)ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)

Eg: I will call you as soon as I have finished / finish the work.SINCE

(t khi)ừ khi)

di n t nghĩa “t ễn tả một hành ả một hành ừ khi)khi’’

S + V (hi n t i hoàn thành) + SINCE + V (quá kh đ n)ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: We have known each other since we were at high school.

BY +TIME(tính đ n)ếp nhau

di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành hành đ ng ộng khác k t thúc tính đ n ếp nhau ếp nhaum t đi m nào đóộng khác ểm nào đótrong quá kh /tứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

BY + tr ng t c a quá kh + S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ừ khi) ủa quá khứ + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: By last month, we had worked for the company for 9 years.Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

BY + tr ng t c a tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ừ khi) ủa quá khứ + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai + S + V (tươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai hoàn thành)

Eg: By next month, we will have worked for the company for 9 years.

AT THIS/

di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành hành đ ng ộng khác đang x y ra t i m t ả một hành ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ộng khác th i đi m xác đ nh ời điểm xác định ểm nào đó ịnh trong quá

kh /tứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

AT THIS/THAT TIME + tr ng t c a quá kh + S + V (quá kh ti p di n)ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ừ khi) ủa quá khứ + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ếp nhau ễn tả một hành Eg: At this time last week, we were preparing for Tet.

Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

AT THIS/THAT TIME + tr ng t c a tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ừ khi) ủa quá khứ + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai + S + V (tươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai ti p ếp nhaudi n)ễn tả một hành

Eg: At this time next week, we will be having a big party in the garden.BY THE

(vào lúc)

cho tớilúc, cho

tới khi

di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành nghĩa “vào lúc”

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

BY THE TIME + S + V (quá kh đ n), S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: By the time she got home, everyone had gone to bed.

Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

BY THE TIME + S + V (hi n t i đ n), S + V (tện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai hoàn thành)Eg: By the time she gets home, everyone will have gone to bed.

di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành hành đ ng ộng khác x y ra xong r i m i ả một hành ồi mới ớc một hành t i hành đ ng khácớc một hành ộng khác

Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

AFTER + S + V (quá kh hoàn thành), S + V (quá kh đ n)ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: After she had done her homework, she went out for a walk.Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

AFTER + S + V (hi n t i hoàn thành), S + V (hi n t i đ n)ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: After she has done her homework, she goes out for a walk.BEFORE di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành hành đ ng ộng khác Trong QUÁ KH :Ứ:

x y ra xong trả một hành ước một hành c khi có hành đ ng ộng khác khác t iớc một hành

BEFORE + S + V (quá kh đ n), S + V (quá kh hoàn thành)ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)Eg: Before she went to bed, she had locked all the doors.Trong TƯƠNG LAI:NG LAI:

BEFORE + S + V (hi n t i đ n), S + V (tện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai hoàn thành)Eg: Hurry up or the film will have ended before we go to the movie.

di n tễn tả một hành ả một hành nghĩa “cho t i khi”ớc một hành

S + V (tươn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)ng lai đ n)/ V(bare)/DON’T + V(bare) + UNTIL/TILL + S + V ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)(hi n t i đ n/hi n t i hoàn thành)ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành) ại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành)

Eg: I will wait for you until it is possible.Wait here until I come back.

B PRACTICE EXERCISES

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete each following sentence.

Question 1: The manager the store before I arrived.

Question 2: When we see Mr Minh tomorrow, I him of that.

Question 3: When I got home I found that water down the kitchen walls.

Question 4: After he his English course, he went to England to continue his study.A has finishB had finishedC was finishedD would finishQuestion 5: While my father a film on TV, my mother was cooking dinner.

Question 6: I don't think he in the thirty years I him.

A had changed/have knownB has changed/have known

Question 7: When I came to visit her last night, she a bath.

Question 8: Tom before we arrive there.

Question 9: He his Chinese course before he went to China to continue his business.A will finishB has finishedC had finishedD will have finishedQuestion 10: Please send us a postcard as soon as you in London.

A will arriveB is going to arriveC arriveD arrivedQuestion 11: I you this book when I meet you tomorrow.

Question 12: We for going home when it began to rain.

A were preparingB are preparingC will be preparingD have preparedQuestion 13: John in the same house since he left school.

Question 14: I had prepared dinner before I to work.

Question 15: When she came into the hall, she her arms to the audience, smiled and bowed deeply.

Question 16: I have never played badminton before This is the first time I to play it.

Question 17: The car ready for him by the time he comes tomorrow.

A will beB will have beenC will beingD are going to beQuestion 18: He greeted her She really better than when he her last Yes, she .A looked/saw/had changedB looked/saw/changed

C looked/had seen/had changedD had looked/had seen/had changedQuestion 19: When I last saw him, he in London.

Question 20: I sat down at the desk and why my father's letter yet I to ask him to send me some

money at once.

A wonder/hasn’t arrive/wroteB wondered/hadn’t arrived/wroteC wondered/hasn’t arrived/wroteD wondered/hadn’t arrived/had writtenQuestion 21: By Christmas, I for Mr Smith for six years.

C have been workingD will be working

Question 22: I will come and see you before I for the States.

Question 23: By the age of 25, he two famous novels.

Question 24: When her husband was in the army, Mary to him twice a week

Question 25: I have never played football before This is the first time I to play.

Question 26: Since Tom , I have heard nothing from him.

Question 27: After I lunch, I looked for my bag.

Question 28: By the end of next year, George English for two years.

A will have learned B will learnC has learned D would learnQuestion 29: These were the highest words of praise they from the old man.

A ever heard B have ever had C had ever had D will have ever heardQuestion 30: He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he dinner.

Question 31: She the children to her, and the words she to the others.

C had drawn/had said/saidD draws/is saying/has saidQuestion 32: He fell down when he towards the church.

Question 33: Within a week she knew the fearful mistake she .

Question 34: They table tennis when their father comes back home.

Question 35: Before she went to bed, she her homework already.

A finishedB is finishingC had finishedD was finishing

Question 36: They are staying at the hotel in London At this time tomorrow, they in Vietnam.A will have travelled B will travel

Question 37: There something vaguely familiar about her face but I couldn't remember where I her

before.

A is/have met B was/had met C will see/meet D was/metQuestion 38: Another million people unemployed by the time next year.

A will have become B will becomeC will be become D will be becomingQuestion 39: She told me that her family long in that town.

Question 40: By the time he out of jail, he will have forgotten how to function

in the real world.

Question 41: I have been saving money because I buy a computer

Question 42: By 8 o’clock yesterday, the spaceship 20 hours around the earth

Question 43: Over 20 years but I never forgot the time we first met each other.

Question 44: The child kept the present that she .

A has been givenB had been givenC had givenD has givenQuestion 45: That pipe for ages-we must get it mended.

A has been leaking B has been leakedC had been leakedD had been leakingQuestion 46: I used my calculator; otherwise it longer

Question 47: How many musical notes of the 11,000 tones that the human ear can distinguish in the musical

Question 48: You to our conversation It was private.A haven’t been listening B shouldn’t have been listening

C couldn’t have been listeningD hadn’t been listeningQuestion 49: The President a speech, but in the end he his mind.A would deliver - had changedB was going to deliver - changedC delivered - had changedD was delivering - changed

Question 50: The Angkor complex the entire range of Khmer art from the 9th to the 14th century.A represented B representsC representD was represented

Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 1: One of the sad moments of the cruise was saving goodbye to Mel, who had

Question 5: At 8 o’clock this evening my friends and I will have watched a famous

film at the cinema.

for some years.

Question 19: It is the worst dish that I ever tried in my life.

Question 22: The man who answered the phone said he has read all about the scandal

Question 27: You can trust me I remember sending the documents right after you sign it.A

B C D Question 28: When the candidate will speak at the public meeting tonight,

Ngoài ra, có thêm một số quy tắc sau:

Quy tắc 1: Khi hai danh từ nối nhau bằng chữ "and" thì động từ chia số nhiều.

Ví dụ:

-My sister and I like listening to classical music.

TRỪ các trường hợp sau thì lại dùng số ít:

* Khi chúng cùng chỉ một người, một bộ phận, hoặc một món ăn:Ví dụ:

- The professor and the secretary are on business, (ông giáo sư và người thư kí là hai người khác nhau.)-The professor and secretary is on business, (ông giáo sư kiêm thư kí là một người.)-Salt and pepper is…… (muối tiêu - xem như một món muối tiêu.)

- Bread and meat is (bánh mì thịt - xem như một món bánh mì thịt.)

* Phép cộng thì dùng số ít:

-Two and three is five (2 + 3 = 5).

Quy tắc 2: Sau "Each, Every, Many a… " + V (số ít)

Ví dụ:

-Each person is allowed 20kg luggage.

-Every student is told about the changes of the timetable.- Many a politician has promised to make changes

Quy tắc 3: Sau "To infinitive/Ving" + V (số ít)

Ví dụ:

- To jog / Jogging every day is good for your health.

Quy tắc 4: Mệnh đề danh từ + V (số ít)

Ví dụ:

- What you have said is not true.

- That tree lose their leaves is a sign of winter.

Quy tắc 5: Tựa đề + V (số ít)

Ví dụ: "Tom and Jerry" is my son's favorite cartoon.

Quy tắc 6: Danh từ kết thúc là “s” nhưng dùng số ít

*Danh từ tên môn học:

Physics (Vật lí), Mathematics (Toán), Economics (Kinh tế học), Linguistics (Ngôn ngữ học), Politics (Chính trị học), Genetics (Di truyền học), Phonetics (Ngữ âm học)

Athletics (Điền kinh), Billiards (Bi-da), Checkers (Cờ đam), Darts (Phóng lao trong nhà), Dominoes (Đô mi nô)

* Danh từ tên các căn bệnh: Measles (sởi), Mumps (quai bị), Diabetes (tiểu đường), Rabies (bệnh dại),

Shingles (bệnh lở mình), Rickets (còi xương)

*Cụm danh từ chỉ kích thước, đo lường: Two pounds is… (2 cân)

* Cụm danh từ chỉ khoảng cách: Ten miles is (10 dặm)*Cụm danh từ chỉ thời gian: Ten years is … (10 năm)

* Cụm danh từ chỉ số tiền: Ten dollars is(10 đô la)

* Cụm danh từ chỉ tên một số quốc gia, thành phố: The United States (Nước Mỹ), the Philippines (nước

Phi-lip-pin), Wales, Marseilles, Brussels, Athens, Paris

Quy tắc 7: Danh từ không kết thúc bằng “s" nhưng dùng

Quy tắc 9: Hai danh từ nối nhau bằng cấu trúc: "either or, neither nor, not only but

aslo" thì động từ chia theo chủ ngữ gần nó nhất.

Ví dụ:

- Neither she nor her children were inherited from the will.- Either they or their son is not allowed to come in.

- Not only she but also her friends are going to the cinema.

Quy tắc 10: Các danh từ nối nhau bằng: as well as, with, together with, along with, accompanied by thì chia động từ

Ví dụ:

- She as well as I is going to university this year (Chia theo "she")

- Mrs Smith together with her sons is away for holiday (Chia theo "Mrs Smith")

Quy tắc 11: Hai danh từ nối nhau bằng "of"

* Hai danh từ nối với nhau bằng "of" thì chia theo danh từ phía trước nhưng nếu danh từ phíatrước of có "some, all, most, majority, enough, minority, half, phân số, phần trăm" thì lại phải chiatheo danh từ phía sau.

Ví dụ:

- The study of how living things work is called philosophy (Chia theo "study")

- Some of the students are late for class (Nhìn trước chữ "of" gặp "some" nên chia theo chữ phía sau là students)

- Most of the water is polluted, (phía trước là most nên chia theo danh từ chính đứng sau là water)

Quy tắc 12: "A number" và The number"

* A number of + N (số nhiều) + V (số nhiều) * The number of + N (số nhiều) + V (số ít)Ví dụ:

- A number of students are going to the class picnic.(Rất nhiều sinh viên sẽ đi picnic cùng lớp.)

- The number of days in a week is seven.(Số lượng ngày trong tuần là 7.)

Quy tắc 13: Một số danh từ chỉ tập hợp

Bao gồm các từ như: "family, staff, team, group, congress, crowd, committee "

Nếu chỉ về hành động của từng thành viên thì dùng động từ số nhiều, nếu chỉ về tính chất của tập thể đó như một đơn vị thì dùng động từ số ít

Ví dụ:

- The family are having breakfast (Ý nói từng thành viên trong gia đình đang ăn sáng).- The family is very conservative (Chỉ tính chất của tập thể gia đình đó như là một đơn vị).

Quy tắc 14: Cấu trúc với "There"

Cấu trúc với "there" thì ta chia động từ chia theo danh từ phía sau:Ví dụ:

- There is a book on the table (Chia theo "a book")- There are two books on the table (Chia theo "books")* Chú ý:

There is a book and two pens on the table, (vẫn chia theo "a book")

Quy tắc 15: Đối với mệnh đề quan hệ thì chia động từ theo danh từ trước đại từ quan hệ.

Ví dụ:

One of the girls who go out is very good (Chia theo "the girls")

Quy tắc 16: Gặp các đại từ sở hữu như: mine, his, hers,yours; ours, theirs thì phải xem cái gì của người đó và nó là số ít hay số nhiều.

Ví dụ:

Give me your scissors Mine (be) very old

Ta suy ra là của tôi ở đây ý nói scissors của tôi: số nhiều chia động từ ở số nhiều:Mine are very old.

Quy tắc 17: Những danh từ luôn chia số nhiều

* Một số từ như:

"pants" (quần dài ở Mĩ, quần lót ở Anh),"trousers" (quần),

"pliers" (cái kìm),"scissors" (cái kéo),

"shears" (cái kéo lớn - dùng cắt lông cừu, tỉa hàng rào),"tongs" (cái kẹp)

thì đi với động từ số nhiều.

* Tuy nhiên, khi có từ "A pair of/ Two pairs of " đi trước các danh từ này, đứng làm chủ từ, thì chia độngtừ số ít.

Ví dụ:

- The scissors are very sharp (Cái kéo rất sắc bén.)

- A pair of scissors was left on the table (Cái kéo được người ta để lại trên bàn.)

Quy tắc 18: Với đại từ bất định thì động từ theo sau chia ở số ít

Đại từ bất định là những từ sau: Some one, any one, no one, every one, something, anything, everything, nothing,

Ví dụ:

- Everything seems perfect (Mọi thứ dường như hoàn hảo.)- Nobody loves me (Chả có ai yêu tôi cả.)

Quy tắc 19: Với chủ ngữ có “no”"

Nếu sau “no" là danh từ số ít thì động từ chia số ít.

Nếu sau "no" là danh từ số nhiều thì động từ chia số nhiều.

Ví dụ:

- No money has been invested for this company for 2 months.- No lessons were given to us by our teacher this morning.

Quy tắc 20: Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với cụm từ trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn

Khi cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt lên đầu câu, động từ hoà hợp với (cụm) danh từ đứng sau động từ.Ví dụ:

On the top of the hill is a temple (Trên đỉnh của quả đồi có một ngôi đền đặt ở đó).

Quy tắc 21: Sau none of/either of/neither of/one of động từ chia ở dạng số ít

Ví dụ: None of my children has blue eyes.

B PRACTICE EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Put the verb in brackets into the correct form in each of the following sentences.

Question 1: The United States _(lie) between Canada and Mexico.Question 2: Three years _(be) a long time to wait.

Question 3: The old man with his dog _(pass) my house every morning

Question 4: Mr Thomas as well as his assistants _(arrive) here since yesterday.

Question 5: That you win a good place at a prestigious university _(be) very admirable.Question 6: Neither her mother nor her father _(want) her to be a teacher.

Question 7: Eight kilos of gold _(steal) from the bank yesterday.

Question 8: The number of employees who _ (not finish) their work yet

_(have) to work on the weekend.

Question 9: The levels of intoxication _(vary) from subject to subject.

Question 10: The money that _(spend) on education every year is not enough.Question 11: Two weeks _(go) fast when you are on vacation.

Question 12: That you enjoy the food I cook _(encourage) me a lot.Question 13: Measles _(be) cured without much difficulty nowadays.Question 14: A number of children _(sleep) in the bedroom now.

Question 15: My mother and my father _(live) happily since they got married.Question 16: Many a student _(want) to study all day at school.

Question 17: Nowadays many students _(like) playing games.

Question 18: Mathematics _(be) considered as a difficult subject by many students.Question 19: Tom, together with his friends, _(want) to join the football team.Question 20: The teacher as well as her students _(disagree) with the new rule.Question 21: Most of the food _(prepare) by Jane's mother.

Question 22: Most of the students in class _(get) high scores in the test.Question 23: Our team _(be) the best It has a good chance of winning.Question 24: There _(be) a van and two cars in the parking area.

Question 25: Each package that is not properly wrapped _(have) to be returned to the sender.Question 26: Not only my younger sister but also my friends _(come) to my university.Question 27: Tom and Jerry _(be) very well known all over the world.

Question 28: Both Jane and Laura _(cook) for their dinner party at this time yesterday.

Question 29: After the accident, the injured _(take) to hospital yesterday.Question 30: Either you or I _(be) right.

Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 1: Living expenses in this country, as well as in many others, are at anA

Question 30: Being a banker were one of my dreams when I was a child.

Exercise 3: Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions.

Question 1: A large number of students in Chu Van An high school _English fluently.

Question 2: Five billion dollars _not enough to aid the victims of the earthquake.

Question 3: A series of lectures _being presented at the Central Hall this week.

Question 4: Beauty as well as health _failed her this term.

Question 5: Two years in a strange country _like a long time for lonely people.A is appearingB has appearedC appearsD appeared

Question 6: Peter, with his two buddies, _the cherry tree now.

A has splitB have splitC is splittingD are splittingQuestion 7: Bread and butter _what Jane asks for.

Question 8: If anyone _, tell them I will call when I come back.

Question 9: The film "Titanic" _very interesting and romantic.

Question 10: Mathematics _my favorite subject.

Question 11: Neither the parents nor the children _aware of the danger.

Question 12: The Browns _in New York since they migrated to America in 2000.A are livingB have livedC have been living D has been livingQuestion 13: Each of the boys in my class _the football team.

Question 14: Neither of the restaurants we went to _expensive.

Question 15: Neither Mary nor her brothers _a consent form for tomorrow’s

field trip.

Question 16: Here _notebook and report that I promised you last week.

Question 17: Mr John, accompanied by several members of the committee, _ proposed

some changes of the rules.

Question 18: Advertisements on YouTube _becoming more competitive than ever before.

Question 19: A number of sheep _died of a strange illness.

A haveB hasC isD areQuestion 20: Half of the letters she sent him _in purple ink.

Question 21: Either Laura or her husband _breakfast each morning.

Question 22: The army _eliminated this section of the training test.

Question 23: What he told you _to be of no importance.

Question 24: Psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have _only

reason for loneliness.

A are not theB is not theC are not anD is not anQuestion 25: The flock of birds _circling overhead.

Question 26: The use of credit cards in place of cash _increased rapidly in recently years.

Question 27: The fact that the new staff members were complimented on their

achievement _known to the whole company.

Question 28: If nobody _bought that car from the dealer, then you should return and make

another offer.

Question 29: Massachusetts and Connecticut _located in New England.

Question 30: Everything _bright and clean.

Question 31: Much homework _given to students every day.

Question 32: The facilities at the new research library, including an excellent microfilm

Question 33: The police _making enquiries about the murder.

Question 34: To do such a hard work _so many people.

Question 35: The methods for studying the world _been developed slowly through the work

of many people.

Question 36: The regulations governing animal research _many provisions to safeguard

animal welfare.

Question 37: Thanks to the recent anti-smoking campaign, the number of smokers in

the country _.

Question 38: Each of the 4 types of human _suited for a specific purpose.

Question 39: There _shops on either side of the street many years ago.

Question 40: Neither of my parents _my boyfriend.

Question 41: The teams _ends at half-time so that neither side has an unfair advantage.

Question 42: Physics _my favorite subject when I was at high school.

Question 43: The unemployed _to live on the unemployment benefits.

Question 44: Why he was absent from the class yesterday _unknown.

Question 45: “I’m poor! Nobody _me.” “I know a person who _you It’s me.”

Question 46: The furniture he has in his bedroom _a bed and a table.

Question 47: Learning English to find a better job _my aim in the next time.

Question 48: Can I borrow your dictionary for a moment? Mine

A have been leftB has been leftC was leftD were left

Question 49: According to the announcement, only 30% of the applicants selected for the next

Question 50: The development of popular music through the ages _bythe documentary.A was tracedB were tracedC have been traced D are traced

Question 51: Romeo and Juliet _a tragedy written by William Shakespeare.

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4: DANH ĐỘNG TỪA THEORY

I GERUND (danh động từ)

Chức năng của danh động từ

Làm chủ ngữ

Làm tân ngữ

Làm bổ ngữ

Làm ngữ động vị

Làm danh từ

ghép

II PRESENT PARTICIPLE (phân từ hiện tại)

NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THEO SAU BỞI “Ving”

6 Can’t help/stand/bear doing st không th ch u/nh n đểm nào đó ịnh ịnh ượcc

8 Delay/postpone/put off doing st hoãn lại làm gì

11 Feel like doing st thích/mu n làm gìối tiếp nhau

13 Get/be accustomed/used to doing st quen làm gì

15 Have difficulty (in) doing st g p khó khăn trong vi c làm gìặp khó khăn trong việc làm gì ện tại đơn), S + V(tương lai hoàn thành)

Làm chủ ngữ

Làm tân ngữ

Làm bổ ngữ

Làm ngữ động vị

Làm danh từ

Dùng trong các thì tiếp diễn

Thay cho một mệnh đề: Mệnh đề độc lập trong câu ghép, Mệnh đề phụ trong câu, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ

thời gian, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do

Cấu trúc câu: S + sit / stand / lie / come / run (cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn) + present participle

Chức năng của phân từ hiện

Dùng như một tính từ

Cấu trúc: There + be + Noun + present participle

Sau một số động từ tri giác (see, hear, smell, feel,taste, overhear…), catch, find, spend, waste

26 Resist doing st phản đối làm gì

28 Spend time doing st dành th i gian làm gìời điểm xác định

30 There is no point in doing st= It’s no use/good doing st

không đáng làm gì

32 Waste time doing st lãng phí th i gian làm gìời điểm xác định

III PERFECT GERUND (danh động từ hoàn thành) và PERFECT PARTICIPLE (phân từ hoàn thành)Công thức: HAVING + VP2

 Dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh động từ khi chúng ta đề cập đến hành động trong quá khứ.

 Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề khi hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước.

 Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.

B PRACTICE EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Decide the underlined parts are gerund (G) or present participle (P).

Question 1: Staying up late is harmful to skin.

Question 2: Her boss caught him speaking privately in the working time, so he was fired.Question 3: After completing the plan, we had a vacation in Hawaii.

Question 4: This is the most embarrassing problem that I have ever seen.Question 5: The painting was beautiful I stood there admiring it for a long time.

Question 6: I’ve just heard that there’s been a major accident that has all of the traffic tied up If we want to get to the

play on time, we’d better avoid taking the high way.

Question 7: Did you ever finish designing the office for that new client of yours?Question 8: It was their 25th wedding anniversary last week.

Question 9: My sister was cleaning the floor when the telephone rang.Question 10: My brother is fond of pointing out my mistakes.

Question 11: My habit is sleeping whenever I’m sad.

Question 12: My hobby, playing table tennis, makes me feel happy.Question 13: He washed his car, singing happily.

Question 14: Walking in the rain gives me a pleasure.Question 15: The girl lending me this book is my best friend.Question 16: Leaving school, he has worked in a restaurant.Question 17: I saw your children playing on the street.

Question 18: She said how much she appreciated the overwhelming generosity of the public in responding to the

Question 19: Neil denied breaking the window.Question 20: Driving carelessly, he had an accident.

Exercise 2: Give the correct forms of the verbs in the blankets.

Question 1: My boss spends two hours a day (travel) _to work.Question 2: (Swim) _is my favorite sport.

Question 3: I enjoy (play) _tennis with my friends.

Question 4: In spite of (miss) _the train, we arrived on time.Question 5: _(complete) the book, he had a holiday.

Question 6: The man denied (be) _at the scene of the accident last night.

Question 7: _(park) the car about a kilometer from the stadium, I walked the rest of the way.Question 8: (take) _the umbrella with him, he went out in the heavy rain.

Question 9: I have to work hard these days I am always busy (do) _my homework.Question 10: I suggested (spend) _the day in the garden.

Question 11: Why do you keep (look) _ back? Are you afraid of (be) _followed?Question 12: (Find) _a hotel, we looked for some places to have dinner.

Question 13: (Feel) _tired, I went to bed early.

Question 14: The man (talk) _with my mother over there is my new neighbor.Question 15: We must avoid (hurt) _other people’s feeling.

Question 16: (Learn) _a foreign language takes a long time.Question 17: (Fail) _twice, he didn’t want to try again.Question 18: Jack admitted(steal) _the money.

Question 19: _(open) the drawer, she took out a book.

Question 20: She warned the little boy against _(play) with matches.

Question 21: Tom regrets (spend) _too much time (play) _computer games.Question 22: Students stopped (make) _noise when the teacher came in.

Question 23: Would you mind (turn) _off the radio?

Question 24: They postponed (build) _an elementary school for lack of finance.Question 25: It’s no use (advise) _him He never allows anybody to give advice.Question 26: Is there anything here worth (buy) _?

Question 27: We missed (watch) _a football match last night.

Question 28: My family is considering (take) _a trip to the USA next year.Question 29: The police didn’t permit (camp) _in this wood for security reasons.Question 30: She is looking forward to (see) _her friends.

Question 31: You should try (wear) _any shirts you want to buy.

Question 32: There are people can’t help (laugh) _when they see someone (slip) _on a banana skin.Question 33: He went to bed without (lock) _the doors.

Question 34: She prefers (eat) _to (prepare) _meals.

Question 35: The flowers need (water) _but you needn’t water them now.Question 36: There are many patients (wait) _for their turns, Sir.

Question 37: She sat silently at the comer of the room (hold) _an old doll.Question 38: (Not obey) _his parents, he lost all his money and was about to

be homeless.

Question 39: She apologized to me for (be) _so impolite last night.

Question 40: (Spend) _all his money on gambling, he came back home and asked for his father’s money.

Exercise 3: Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences.

Question 1: It was his own fault, but I couldn’t help _sorry for him.

Question 2: The medical authorities warned everyone not to drink the water without first _it.A being boiled B boilingC having boiled D having to boilQuestion 3: Most people talk too much and don’t realize how important _is.

A to be listening B to be listenedC have listened D listeningQuestion 4: If you’ve finished _the dictionary, I’d like to borrow it.

Question 5: Would you mind _?

A that I am reading aloudB explaining it once again, please