Decide if the following utterances are primarily transactional or interactional:1.. "I hate you!" - This utterance is primarily interactional as it expresses a strong emotional reaction
26 Decide if the following utterances are primarily transactional or interactional: 1 "I hate you!" - This utterance is primarily interactional as it expresses a strong emotional reaction towards the person being addressed 2 "She has just published a bestseller." - This utterance is primarily transactional as it conveys factual information about someone's recent accomplishment 3 "You are my invisible seed." - This utterance is primarily interactional as it expresses a metaphorical or poetic sentiment towards the person being addressed 4 "I am in Timour the Tartar." - This utterance is primarily transactional as it provides information about the speaker's current locationz 5 "You are my curious trick." - This utterance is primarily interactional as it expresses a figurative or playful sentiment towards the person being addressed 27 Decide the type of speech act according to Austin: 1 "Get me a book." This utterance is an example of a directive speech act The illocutionary force is a command or request, as the speaker is instructing or asking someone to perform an action (getting a book) 2 "I suppose he is late." This utterance is an example of a commissive speech act The illocutionary force is expressing a commitment or intention The speaker is stating their supposition or belief that someone is late In summary: 1 "Get me a book." - Directive speech act 2 "I suppose he is late." - Commissive speech act 28 Decide the performative act in the following utterances 1 "How many students are there in your university?" The performative act in this utterance is an interrogative act The illocutionary force is to ask a question, seeking information about the number of students in the university 2 "Could I get in at 8?" The performative act in this utterance is a request act The illocutionary force is to make a polite request, asking for permission or the possibility of being allowed to enter at 8 o'clock In summary: 1 "How many students are there in your university?" - Interrogative act 2 "Could I get in at 8?" - Request act 29 Read the extract and analyse the features of context according to Hymes: (Janet and Bill are talking on Monday, April 19th, at nine o’clock in the morning) Addressor and Addressee: Janet and Bill 2 Audience: not mention / other members 3 Topic: The conversation covers various topics, including travel plans, arrangements for the children, birthday celebrations, packing, and social engagements 4 Setting: The conversation takes place on Monday, April 19th, at nine o'clock in the morning Although the exact physical setting is not explicitly mentioned, it can be inferred that the conversation is happening at their home or in a familiar environment 5 Channel: The channel of communication is spoken language Janet and Bill are engaged in a face-to-face conversation, using verbal communication to exchange information and express their thoughts 6 Code: The code used in the conversation is English Janet and Bill are using the shared linguistic system to understand and convey meaning to each other 7 Message Form: The messages in the conversation take the form of questions, statements, requests, and reminders These different message forms help in conveying specific intentions and purposes 8 Event: The event in this context is a conversation between Janet and Bill The event is characterized by the exchange of information and the coordination of plans and activities 9 Key: The key in this conversation is primarily informal and personal Janet and Bill use terms of endearment, such as "Darling," and discuss matters related to their family and personal lives 10 Purpose: The purpose of the conversation is to exchange information, make plans, coordinate activities, and express emotions Janet and Bill engage in the conversation to ensure smooth communication and effective decision-making 30 Find out 2 possible perlocutionary acts for each of the following utterance: A What a lovely day! Possible perlocutionary acts: 1 Eliciting agreement or acknowledgement: The speaker may intend to evoke a response from the listener, such as "Yes, it is a lovely day" or "I agree, it's beautiful." 2 Expressing positivity or appreciation: The speaker may aim to convey their own positive feelings about the day and create a shared sense of enjoyment or appreciation B I would like to show my gratitude to Dr Devon Woods Possible perlocutionary acts: 1 Requesting assistance or support: The speaker may be seeking help or guidance from the listener in expressing gratitude to Dr Devon Woods, such as through advice or suggestions 2 Expressing admiration or respect: The speaker may intend to express their admiration for Dr Devon Woods and their desire to show gratitude, possibly to elicit a similar response or acknowledgement from the listener C Saddam Hussein received a death sentence Possible perlocutionary acts: 1 Informing or updating: The speaker may aim to provide the listener with new information or news about Saddam Hussein's fate, possibly expecting a reaction or further discussion 2 Eliciting a response or opinion: The speaker may intend to prompt the listener to share their thoughts or perspective on the topic of Saddam Hussein's death sentence, fostering dialogue or debate 31 Read the extract and analyse the features of context according to Halliday and Firth 1 Field: The main field of discourse in this conversation is centered around planning and organizing various events and activities, including picking up visas and tickets, arranging childcare, discussing a birthday gift, preparing for a trip, and anticipating the arrival of guests 2 Tenor: The tenor of the conversation indicates a close relationship between Janet and Bill, as they address each other affectionately with terms like "Darling" and discuss personal matters, such as family arrangements and celebrations 3 Mode: The mode of communication in this conversation is spoken language It involves a dialogue between Janet and Bill, with turn-taking and interactive exchanges 4 Setting: The conversation takes place on Monday, April 19th, at nine o'clock in the morning The setting appears to be a domestic environment where Janet and Bill are likely at home, engaging in informal conversation 5 Participants: The participants in the conversation are Janet and Bill, who are married and have a familial relationship They discuss matters that involve other family members, such as their children and Bill's father 6 Social norms and expectations: The conversation reflects social norms and expectations related to family responsibilities, including childcare arrangements, birthday celebrations, and the involvement of extended family members 32 Find out one presupposition for the following utterance: "A We argued about what would be the questions of the exam" is that there was a disagreement or debate between the speaker and someone else about the content or nature of the exam questions The presupposition is that there was a discussion or argument that took place "B They need to mend the roof" is that the roof is currently in a state of disrepair or damage The presupposition is that there is a need for the roof to be fixed or repaired "C My laptop was broken, I couldn't finish the report on time" is that the speaker intended or needed to finish the report on time The presupposition is that there was an expectation or requirement for the report to be completed within a specific timeframe 33 Explain the implicature of the following joke: The implicature of the joke is that the husband is making a playful comment about the challenges and complexities of marriage By saying that the wife is lucky she wasn't born a man, he is suggesting that being married to a woman would be more difficult or undesirable This implicature relies on the assumption that the wife is heterosexual and would not want to be married to a woman The joke plays on traditional gender roles and expectations within marriage, using humor to highlight the husband's perspective on the matter 34 Define the macrofunction (directive, phatic etc ) for each of the following utterance F What a lovely day! Macrofunction: Expressive This utterance expresses the speaker's positive emotions or appreciation about the day G I would like to show my gratitude to Dr Devon Woods Macrofunction: Directive This utterance is a request or instruction for someone to help the speaker in showing gratitude to Dr Devon Woods H Shadam Hussein received a death sentence Macrofunction: Informative This utterance provides information or news about Shadam Hussein receiving a death sentence I Those are my friends Macrofunction: Referential This utterance refers to a group of people as the speaker's friends, providing factual information about their relationship 35 Define the Theme of the following extract and state if it is marked, or unmarked One area where deep-rooted hatred is exhibited in the ethnic clashes that constantly occur around the globe.(S1) These conflicts are not only territory but also involve emotional issues of group identity and unity of purpose (S2) For many, there is no "us" without a "them" to hate (S3) In a word, where conflict between superpowers is on the decline, it may be that humanity will have difficulty adapting to a state of mutual respect and cooperation (S4) The theme of the extract is "deep-rooted hatred exhibited in ethnic clashes." It is marked because it is the main topic or subject of discussion in the passage The passage primarily focuses on the presence and impact of deep-rooted hatred in ethnic clashes around the world Câu 35 Your analysis of the cohesive devices in the extract is correct The cohesive devices used in the extract include reiteration, association, enumeration, summation, and synonym These cohesive devices help connect ideas and create coherence in the text The use of these cohesive devices is appropriate for the subject matter of the extract, which discusses the nature of hatred and its manifestations in human society