Trong những năm gần đây, thực trạng nhận thức của cộng đồng về bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học được quan tâm hơn cả. Tuy nhiên, với nhiều lí do khác nhau nên việc truyền thông nâng cao nhận thức cho người dân địa phương chưa thật sự được chú trọng thực hiện và triển khai thường xuyên. Thông qua kết quả phân tích và đánh giá ở đồ án 1 có thể thấy các hộ dân sinh sống gần địa phận của Vườn quốc gia, cụ thể là ở 3 xã vùng đệm tiếp giáp trực tiếp với Vườn quốc gia cho thấy rằng họ thiếu sự quan tâm đến các hoạt động diễn ra trên địa bàn và trình độ nhận thức của một số bộ phận người dân còn hạn chế. Ngoài ra, sinh kế không ổn định cũng là lí do gây áp lực lên tài nguyên rừng. Đồ án được thực hiện dựa trên phương pháp khảo sát thực tế tại địa phương thông qua các đánh giá nhanh có sự tham gia và đánh giá nhu cầu đào tạo. Quá trình khảo sát giúp sinh viên có thể nắm rõ thực trạng nhận thức của người dân tại địa phương. Các đề xuất đã được lập kế hoạch đưa ra và tiến hành phân tích qua mô hình SWOT để đánh giá mức độ khả thi và những hạn chế có thể tồn tại. Ngoài ra phương pháp kế thừa cũng được sử dụng để hoàn thành đồ án. Việc tham khảo các tài liệu về các giải pháp đã được triển khai thực hiện và kết quả khảo sát thực tế giúp các kế hoạch đã đề xuất mang tính thực tiễn cao. Bên cạnh đó, ý kiến của chuyên gia hướng dẫn góp phần lớn để các các đề xuất đi đúng hướng và mang lại hiệu quả cũng như có thể ứng dụng vào thực tế tuyên truyền. Thông qua những bất cập còn tồn đọng, sinh viên tiến hành đề xuất các giải pháp để nâng cao nhận thức về bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học cho người dân địa phương. Các hoạt động tuyên truyền, nâng cao công nghệ truyền thông nhằm tiếp cận đến nhiều người và thu hút sự tham gia của cộng đồng. Ngoài ra, đề xuất cải thiện sinh kế cho các hộ dân thông qua các mô hình sinh kế và phát triển du lịch cộng đồng giúp nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống, từ đó giảm thiểu tác động lên tài nguyên rừng và bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học tại Vườn quốc gia. Các giải pháp được đề xuất đã góp phần nâng cao nhận thức và thúc đẩy cách thức tạo ra lợi nhuận tài chính cho các hộ gia đình. Tuy nhiên việc truyền thông là một việc làm lâu dài và cần đầu tư thời gian để đạt được hiệu quả như mong đợi
Urgency of the study
Biodiversity conservation has become a global priority, impacting both individual nations and humanity as a whole However, in the buffer zone of Cat Tien National Park, conservation efforts have been hindered by local socio-economic activities This has led to heightened pressure on conservation initiatives, particularly in areas inhabited by diverse ethnic groups with varying agricultural practices and levels of cultivation.
Cat Tien National Park is a recognized biodiversity hotspot, home to numerous rare and endemic species of flora and fauna It ranks among the world's 200 crucial ecological conservation areas (WWF, 2001) and is one of Vietnam's three endemic bird regions (Birdlife International, 1998) Additionally, it is classified as one of the world's important wetlands (Ramsar, 2005) and serves as the core area of the Cat Tien World Biosphere Reserve, established in 2001, as well as the Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve, designated in 2011 (UNESCO/MAB, 2001, 2011) In 2012, it was also recognized as a Special National Site.
Cat Tien National Park encompasses several communes with high population density, where many households face economic hardships primarily relying on forest product exploitation Despite ongoing small-scale illegal logging and increasing market demand for forest products, local perceptions of biodiversity conservation are significantly impacted by these economic factors The park has initiated numerous educational programs to raise awareness about biodiversity's value, including training courses aimed at combating the over-exploitation of natural resources However, challenges such as limited education levels, lack of enthusiasm, and indifference among locals have hindered the effectiveness of these training efforts.
To enhance the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation awareness among local communities, it is essential to implement practical solutions tailored to the specific needs of the area This involves maintaining and improving existing strategies while developing new initiatives that align with local circumstances The goal is to support the sustainable conservation of Cat Tien National Park, strengthen the conservation values of its buffer zone, and create opportunities for economic development By facilitating community engagement and improving socio-economic and environmental conditions, we can minimize the negative impacts on natural resources To achieve this, I am initiating the project "Proposing Solutions to Raise Awareness About Biodiversity Conservation Among Local People in the Buffer Zone of Cat Tien National Park - Dong Nai Province." This project will study local perspectives and legal frameworks to propose effective solutions that enhance community understanding of the importance of biodiversity conservation.
Objectives of study
The project "Assessment of Awareness on Biodiversity Conservation in the Buffer Zone of Cat Tien National Park - Dong Nai Province" has revealed key insights into local perceptions This article proposes practical and effective strategies aimed at enhancing the awareness of biodiversity conservation among residents in the buffer zone of Cat Tien National Park, ensuring sustainable environmental practices and community engagement.
Research objects and scope of the study
Research object: local people in buffer zone communes of Cat Tien National Park, Dong Nai province
Research scope: buffer zone of Cat Tien National Park
- Nam Cat Tien commune, Dak Lua commune (Tan Phu district, Dong Nai province)
- Phuoc Cat 2 commune (Cat Tien district, Lam Dong province)
Methods of implementation
Details will be presented in chapter 2 of the report
The scientific and practical significance of the topic
The research proposals aim to enhance communication strategies for biodiversity conservation, significantly contributing to the field Additionally, this study serves as a foundation for more comprehensive investigations into sustainable economic development while fostering awareness among local communities.
To enhance local socio-economic conditions and foster biodiversity conservation, it is essential to propose effective solutions and production models that minimize environmental aggression Developing sustainable livelihoods can significantly mitigate the community's negative environmental impacts Training programs designed to be practical, easily understandable, and tailored to specific audiences can effectively raise awareness among local residents, ultimately contributing to a well-rounded community development.
OVERVIEW
Concepts of environmental education and communication
Environmental education aims to raise awareness and concern about environmental issues, equipping individuals with the knowledge, attitudes, and skills necessary to address current problems and prevent future challenges This process fosters independent and collaborative efforts to find effective solutions, promoting a sustainable relationship with the environment.
Environmental education is a structured teaching process designed to achieve five key goals: raising awareness, imparting knowledge, shaping attitudes, developing skills, and fostering participation As individuals engage in this educational journey, they are likely to shift their perspectives and adopt more environmentally friendly behaviors This process can take place through formal channels, such as required or elective school subjects, or through informal methods, including extracurricular activities, group initiatives, and training sessions.
Environmental communication facilitates a two-way interaction among stakeholders, enhancing their understanding of crucial environmental factors and their interconnections This process empowers communities to effectively address and influence environmental issues, ultimately contributing to the resolution of environmental challenges faced by social groups.
Environmental communication is an interactive process that conveys messages about the environment, aiming to shift perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors towards more eco-friendly practices.
Some common forms of environmental communication are:
- Transfer information to each individual through contact at home, at work, phone call, mail delivery
- Transfer information to each group through seminars, training, group meetings, visits, surveys
- Transfer information through mass media: television, newspapers, posters, leaflets, movies, through websites, social networks
- Communication through itineraries, festivals, campaigns, anniversaries
Environmental education and communication are essential tools for fostering awareness and promoting positive attitudes and behaviors towards environmental protection These activities equip learners with the knowledge and skills necessary to understand environmental issues and actively engage in conservation efforts.
The role of the community in biodiversity conservation management
The management of natural resources relies heavily on the collaboration between authorities and local communities; however, ineffective coordination has hindered the government's impact The Commune People's Committee (CPC) plays a crucial role in conveying decrees and legal documents related to forest protection and land allocation to local residents Unfortunately, the limited professional qualifications of officials, particularly those overseeing agriculture and forestry, restrict their ability to effectively communicate these important documents, resulting in ongoing challenges in information dissemination.
Local authorities have not fully fulfilled their responsibilities in overseeing resource extraction activities within the National Park Despite a noticeable decrease in the hunting, exploitation, and trade of forest products, wild animals, and plants, violations of forest protection and development laws continue to occur.
1.2.2 The role of mass organizations
Mass organizations like the Women's Union, Youth Union, and Farmers' Union are increasingly establishing themselves as key players in conservation efforts They enhance resource development in national parks by leveraging support and guidance from authorities Their role extends to raising public awareness and promoting agroforestry and afforestation initiatives that align with local economic growth This approach not only fosters household economic development but also integrates natural resource conservation and mitigates environmental impacts.
1.2.3 The role of the local community
Many individuals rely on the exploitation of forest products, hunting, and land clearing for swidden cultivation, creating significant pressure on forest resources The high economic value of forest products, particularly rare species, complicates market trading and drives illegal exploitation This urgent demand leads local communities to prioritize short-term gains over the long-term regeneration and conservation of these vital ecosystems.
Local communities, with their deep-rooted indigenous knowledge and long-standing presence near forests, play a crucial role in the conservation and promotion of natural resources Their direct involvement is essential, while authorities must actively prevent illegal exploitation of these resources Strengthening the state management system, particularly through respected local figures like village heads or elders, is vital for preserving community culture and traditions, ensuring sustainable development amid increasing environmental challenges.
1.2.4 The role of individuals and households in resource management
Raising awareness and mobilizing propaganda among individuals and households is crucial, as they directly engage in activities like collecting forest products and utilizing non-timber resources Despite understanding the consequences of their actions, unstable incomes drive continued exploitation of natural resources Addressing this issue is vital for improving the socioeconomic status of these households and reducing their environmental impact Implementing training programs and encouraging local community participation in the sustainable management of biodiversity resources are essential steps toward achieving these goals.
Basis of proposed solutions to raise awareness of biodiversity conservation
The assessment results of awareness levels among residents in three buffer zone communes of Project 1 will provide a practical foundation for developing strategies to enhance local community awareness.
Increasing local awareness and interest in biodiversity conservation is crucial, as environmental degradation and biodiversity loss are largely driven by human actions To address these challenges, it is essential to implement communication, education, and awareness-raising initiatives aimed at altering human behavior These programs and projects play a vital role in promoting biodiversity conservation.
Figure 1.1: The process of changing human behavior
Education aimed at raising awareness is a crucial step in behavior change, beginning with the dissemination of knowledge about existing problems When individuals become aware of issues in their environment, they are more likely to seek additional information to understand these challenges better This understanding leads to a shift in perspective, attitude, and behavior regarding the problem Over time, as new behaviors are practiced consistently, they can develop into lasting habits However, this transformation is a gradual process that requires an understanding of local conditions, community behaviors, and the specific target groups that influence biodiversity conservation and forest protection in Cat Tien National Park.
Objectives of the plan
The main objective is to increase the interest of local people to raise awareness in forest protection, biodiversity conservation and environmental protection value enhancement
In addition, implementation of livelihood improvement plans for local communities will contribute to stabilizing people's lives and avoiding negative impacts on the NP
Engage the community in local activities; raise awareness for local people through propaganda activities
Provide knowledge and improve adaptive capacity for local people to social impacts affecting the environment
Building reputable media sites and innovating communication forms; saving time spreading to the people and reaching many people in the community
Building local livelihood models; raising awareness through improving the livelihoods of households; enhance community participation, reduce pressure on forest resources
To ensure the sustainability of the national park (NP), it is essential to maintain and conserve biodiversity while raising awareness among both the community and visitors Additionally, establishing a sustainable financial source will support the NP and enhance the livelihoods of local residents, ultimately improving their quality of life.
RESEARCH METHOD
Retrospective method
In the report, this method was used to inherit information and data from relevant reports, theses, projects, scientific research and legal documents, including:
- Inheriting the results of assessing the current state of awareness of people in the buffer zone in Project 1 from there as a basis for proposing solutions for Project
- An overview report and inheritance of materials and research results previously done to serve the topic
- Refer to the results of research works related to solutions to raise conservation awareness in Vietnam and in the world
- Plan for management, conservation and sustainable development of Cat Tien National Park, period 2021-2030
- Sustainable financial strategy of Cat Tien National Park in the period of 2021 –
- System of legal documents on forest management and protection
- In addition, the topic also uses information and documents collected from the internet through official and reliable websites
This method is used to find out information related to biodiversity conservation and refer to the solutions that have been applied to strengthen the science of the topic.
Actual survey method
A field survey in Cat Tien National Park and surrounding buffer zone communes is conducted to gather essential information for effective planning, enhancing the accuracy of scientific conclusions This traditional fieldwork method addresses conflicts and discrepancies in the collected data Based on the established research objectives and tasks, specific field routes have been identified for the survey.
- Identifying study routes and sites: Cat Tien NP and 3 buffer zone communes (Nam Cat Tien, Dak Lua, Phuoc Cat 2)
- Survey by route, field point:
First day of April 22, 2022: present at Cat Tien NP, collect publications, media documents and images of local activities
Second day, April 23, 2022: Conducted semi-structured interviews with local people in
3 buffer zone communes Nam Cat Tien, Dac Lua and Phuoc Cat 2 on the level of agreement of the proposed solutions.
Participatory Rapid Assessment (PRA)
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a community-driven learning approach that empowers researchers to actively engage with local populations, ensuring the collection of reliable and relevant information for improved planning Key methods and tools employed in PRA facilitate effective community participation and enhance the quality of data gathered.
Engaging in group discussions on various topics focused on planning and proposing solutions is essential for enhancing livelihoods and raising awareness within local communities These discussions involve key staff members from the community, along with insights from experts like PhD Le Buu Thach, who brings over a decade of experience to the table.
20 years of experience in the field of ecology, ecological research, environmental education and is in charge of training and training programs on biodiversity
A semi-structured interview is an effective method for gathering insights from local individuals, allowing for the collection of additional information and evaluation of the feasibility of proposed initiatives This approach combines a guided dialogue with predefined questions, providing flexibility to adapt the conversation as it unfolds Unlike traditional questionnaires, semi-structured interviews rely on a key question list that serves as a framework, enabling the interviewer to formulate new questions based on the responses received This adaptability ensures that any irrelevant predetermined questions can be omitted during the interview process, fostering a more natural and informative exchange.
Training needs assessment (TNA)
Determining training needs is simply understood as the gap between what is currently and what is desired in the future of the person receiving / wishing to be trained
Identifying training needs within the community relies on cultural levels, knowledge, awareness, life experiences, and the use of natural resources, alongside the community's desire to enhance livelihoods through biodiversity conservation Once training objectives are established, along with a capacity-building framework and target groups, the Training Needs Assessment (TNA) serves as the foundational step to understand the participants and gather essential background information for creating a tailored training program.
- Step 1: Identify problems and needs
Before initiating Training Needs Assessment (TNA) activities, it is essential to pinpoint the key challenges confronting the community, particularly regarding the utilization of biodiversity resources Additionally, understanding the community's adaptation to social impacts and the discrepancies between their knowledge and the effectiveness of proposed solutions is crucial.
- Step 2: Design the needs analysis
In this phase, the planner must outline the target groups for training, identify interview participants, and select survey methods for information gathering The survey plan should detail the timeline for conducting the Training Needs Assessment (TNA) and designate the responsible individual for the TNA These elements are essential for evaluating whether a training program aligns with the learners' needs.
The Participatory Assessment (PRA) method is recommended for conducting Training Needs Assessment (TNA), as it is effective in exploratory studies, project planning, and evaluation This approach is widely utilized across various sectors, including agriculture, rural development, natural resource management, and general development programs, to prioritize development activities and assess feasibility.
The planner gathers data by synthesizing and analyzing existing documents related to training content at Cat Tien National Park, as well as conducting surveys that include interviews and observations of training participants in their workplace.
The results of the needs assessment survey need to be aggregated, analyzed and processed to prepare for planning
Based on the information gathered from the above steps and analysis results, a training needs assessment report is prepared by the consultant The report should ensure the following basic contents:
+ Analyze the lack of knowledge about biodiversity, skills and attitudes to adapt to social impacts and therefore need to be supplemented and strengthened through capacity building training courses;
+ Assess the strengths and weaknesses of each group of people participating in training in order to develop an appropriate training program;
+ Analyze the needs and desires of people participating in training;
+ Proposing an appropriate training program framework, in order to improve the capacity to adapt to social impacts
Figure 2.1: Student conduct a local training needs survey
SWOT analysis method
SWOT is a data evaluation model based on the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to clarify objectives from which research problems are more effective and developed
Utilizing the SWOT analysis method, this research evaluates the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with proposals aimed at enhancing the socio-economic conditions of local communities, mitigating negative impacts on Cat Tien National Park (NP), and fostering biodiversity conservation awareness This analysis serves as a foundation to leverage strengths, address weaknesses, and capitalize on opportunities and challenges, ultimately assessing the feasibility of the proposals The primary goal is to effectively raise awareness among individuals in the NP's buffer zone, ensuring sustainable development and environmental protection.
Professional solution method
This article outlines a method for gathering expert opinions on a research topic, focusing on specialists in ecology, environmental education, and curriculum development By consulting these professionals, the project aims to enhance and finalize the proposed model for improving livelihoods and developing communication activities to raise awareness among local communities The draft was submitted to an expert with relevant expertise for feedback and critique, ensuring the proposal's feasibility and practicality, ultimately leading to a more effective project outcome.
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
Identify the causes affecting the perception of local people
3.1.1 Local people lack interest and awareness is limited
Survey results reveal that local awareness of biodiversity conservation in the national park (NP) is limited, with 22% of respondents from three buffer zone communes believing their activities do not impact the NP This indicates a significant gap in understanding the value of biodiversity and its social implications Many locals, primarily indigenous people with long-standing customs, rely on the forest but lack knowledge in forest management and protection Additionally, the community's indifferent attitude towards forest impacts, coupled with weak law enforcement, allows violations to persist in the area.
In the commune, numerous training sessions have been conducted to educate the local community about forest management, fire prevention, and biodiversity conservation in the national park These initiatives aim to enhance local awareness of the environmental impacts affecting the national park and to develop tailored training materials However, survey results indicate that over 50% of residents have never participated in these training sessions, and many who did struggled to retain the information, reflecting a lack of engagement and indifference toward the knowledge shared Although most locals possess a middle to high school education, their understanding of environmental issues varies, necessitating that information be presented in a clear, specific manner that resonates with local realities and avoids complex jargon.
3.1.2 The livelihood of local people is not stable
Despite strict protections, forest ecosystems continue to face destruction due to human activities, primarily driven by poverty and unemployment Many near-poor households rely heavily on farming and forestry, with agriculture contributing 60-80% of their income, yet the average annual income for the lowest households is only 18 million VND This unstable income, compounded by inadequate farming practices and a lack of effective livelihood improvement models, forces some communities to depend on forest resources, undermining conservation efforts Consequently, these challenges create long-term issues that complicate conservation management and sustainability.
To address the current challenges, it is essential to devise effective plans aimed at enhancing livelihoods and generating employment opportunities for local residents Such initiatives not only transform the community's landscape but also boost household incomes and contribute to socio-economic growth, while mitigating adverse effects on the national park (NP) Proposed solutions should be practical, feasible, and highly effective to harness community resources in the preservation and conservation of the NP's biodiversity.
Proposed solutions
A recent survey identified three key factors influencing local perceptions of biodiversity conservation in the national park: limited awareness among residents, a lack of interest in local issues, and unstable household livelihoods To address these challenges and enhance community understanding of biodiversity conservation, it is crucial to implement targeted solutions These strategies aim to raise awareness, foster greater interest in environmental issues, and improve income levels for local households Detailed plans have been developed to achieve these objectives effectively.
3.2.1 Plan to increase interest and raise awareness about environmental issues
Raising awareness within the local community is crucial for emphasizing that the preservation of biodiversity and natural resources is a collective responsibility This initiative aims to reduce activities that threaten forest resources while encouraging local communities to actively participate in the management and protection efforts of the natural park.
The article outlines activities aimed at promoting and educating the public about biodiversity conservation laws, emphasizing the significance of national parks (NP) Detailed communication strategies for three communes within the buffer zone are proposed to enhance awareness and understanding of these critical conservation efforts.
Table 3.1 Plan to increase interest and raise awareness Numerical order
1 Propaganda to raise public awareness about forest protection and biodiversity conservation commune Annual
2 Editing and publishing annual media publications on themes of forest protection, biodiversity conservation, environmental events year Annual
3 Organize contests to learn about natural resources of the NP year Annual
4 Establishing nature-loving, communication and environmental education clubs for green clubs year Annual
5 Organizing fairs combining trading and propaganda activities month Annual
To enhance public awareness of indigenous knowledge, annual propaganda activities will be organized in three communes within the buffer zone Various methods will be employed to disseminate information, including flag-saluting parades, vehicle-mounted posters, and loudspeaker announcements from the commune committee These environmental protection initiatives will integrate daily practices and farming techniques rooted in indigenous knowledge, featuring documentary films that promote clean production models Additionally, extensive campaigns will discourage the consumption of wild animal products and encourage community and media participation in detecting and preventing illegal exploitation and trade of wild plants and animals Strengthening these annual propaganda efforts aims to cultivate a responsible lifestyle and awareness among residents regarding the protection of forest resources.
Annual media publications focusing on forest protection, biodiversity conservation, and environmental events should feature diverse and engaging content displayed throughout tourist areas to effectively reach both visitors and local communities These publications can be showcased in high-traffic locations such as markets, schools, and hospitals By drawing inspiration from impactful global media campaigns, the annual publications can address trending topics that resonate with a broad audience It is essential that these materials are crafted to accommodate the varying cultural backgrounds of individuals in the buffer zone, ensuring clarity through concise language, abundant illustrations, and minimal use of specialized terminology.
Table 3.2 Some notes when building an effective media publication
How to build an effective media publication
The message needs to be short, easy to understand and has a strong psychological impact
The main message needs to be highlighted and noticed Use more illustrations and charts
Ensure balance and alignment between illustrations and text Use few words, sentences with the right focus, do not give too much information
Arrange in the correct sequence and logic between sections Use color harmony and highlight important information
Use font, font size, font style (bold, italic, underline) to highlight the main content but still ensure the uniformity of the document
Figure 3.1: Poster depicting the search box with names and pictures of animals and the message “No Result Found”
Local authorities should organize annual contests to engage communities in conservation efforts related to natural resources in the national park (NP) By providing small rewards, participation can be encouraged, making it easier for everyone, including students, to join These competitions will enhance awareness of biodiversity, the NP's role in regeneration, and the threats to forest resources Ultimately, this initiative aims to foster a deeper understanding of the park's significance for current and future generations.
Establishing nature-loving and environmental education clubs in local communities is essential for promoting green initiatives beyond school settings While existing green clubs primarily cater to students, working individuals also play a crucial role in environmental advocacy By proposing the formation of diverse nature-loving clubs that recruit members annually, we can engage a wide range of participants across different age groups and backgrounds These clubs can focus on specific interests, such as fish, flowers, or eco-friendly products, allowing members to choose topics that resonate with them Active participation in these clubs fosters a positive community spirit, making it easier to promote environmental awareness and education among members.
Organizing monthly local fairs that combine trading and promotional activities can effectively engage the community and enhance livelihoods Households can register to sell their goods, while performances of traditional musical instruments from the Stieng ethnic group can enrich the cultural experience Additionally, local governments can display informative posters and organize environmental games, fostering awareness and participation Regular promotional activities will gradually instill the importance of biodiversity conservation in the community's mindset.
Figure 3.2: Proposing a combined fair model for the buffer zone community
(Source: https://vnexpress.net/dam-sen-square-khai-truong-tai-tp-hcm-
4213976.html) 3.2.1.2 Capacity to adapt to social impacts
Survey results indicate that a portion of the local population lacks a clear understanding of the social impacts affecting the NP This highlights the need for an assessment of community awareness to identify gaps and inform planning efforts aimed at enhancing adaptive capacity to these social impacts.
The proposed plan aims to evaluate the current state of biodiversity and identify training needs related to its value and social impact It seeks to educate and raise awareness among local communities about the importance of biodiversity, encouraging them to take action in conserving biodiversity and protecting local forests Additionally, the plan includes the development of supporting documents and toolkits designed to empower local residents to effectively adapt to social changes.
Table 3.3 Comparison between the new proposal and previous training courses Previous training course Improve the training course
Difficult to reach many audiences Reach a wider audience because of the right time organization
It is difficult to ensure that the propaganda content is communicated to the right audience
Analyze and evaluate specifically the current state of awareness to recognize shortcomings, thereby selecting appropriate communication information
It takes a lot of time to convey information to the community
Apply automated messages to remind participation (Details will be presented in section 3.2.1.3)
The training course only takes place within 1-2 days
Increasing the frequency of training sessions enhances communication and allows participants to feel more comfortable with their time commitments However, local attendees often struggle with concentration, leading to a lack of retention of the knowledge imparted during the courses.
Documents transmitted to people are not only paper but also electronic documents that can be read by phone at any time
Previously, the commune implemented programs aimed at enhancing local knowledge; however, the traditional communication efforts fell short of expectations Consequently, it is essential to address the shortcomings in the propaganda initiatives to achieve better outcomes.
Plan 1 Training Needs Analysis (TNA)
Training Needs Assessment (TNA) is essential for evaluating the training requirements and priorities of local communities, particularly in relation to biodiversity conservation and sustainable livelihoods in Cat Tien National Park This analysis focuses on understanding the local population's awareness, knowledge, and experience regarding biodiversity, as well as their adaptive capacity to social impacts By gauging the expectations and desires of the community, we can develop tailored training programs that enhance skills and knowledge, ultimately improving resilience against negative impacts The proposal includes a comprehensive survey to assess the training needs of all participants in the upcoming training sessions.
Target groups participating in TNA include: Representatives of households living and operating in three buffer zone communes
Plan 2 Compilation of training materials
The training materials are available in both printed and electronic formats, designed to enhance community knowledge on sustainable livelihood activities Based on a comprehensive needs assessment, these resources provide essential and up-to-date information on new livelihood types and adaptive behaviors to address local social impacts The materials are tailored to the participants' needs, ensuring clarity and brevity for effective understanding.
Plan 3 Organize training courses to improve people's adaptive capacity to social impacts
Training courses are proposed for individuals in three buffer zone communes, consisting of three sessions lasting four days each, accommodating 50 participants per course in each commune Due to their larger populations, Dac Lua and Nam Cat Tien communes will each conduct their courses over an extended period of eight days Village leaders will distribute information about the courses to households, and an automated message will notify the head of each household, ensuring that a representative can attend Details regarding the time and location of the training will be communicated in advance, facilitating easier participation Additionally, the flexible schedule allows individuals who cannot attend on specific days to join the training on subsequent days.
3.2.1.3 Innovating the form of media
Assessing the efficiency of the plan
To evaluate the feasibility and potential limitations of the proposed plans, a comprehensive SWOT analysis is essential for an objective assessment of the project solutions The detailed results of this SWOT analysis are presented below.
Table 3.6 SWOT analysis for proposed solutions
- Solutions are built based on the results of actual local surveys
- Consult experts, people with professional qualifications and experience in the field of Ecology, environmental education, who are in charge of developing training programs
- Propaganda activities through improving media publications and participating in contests and green clubs help raise people's spirits to local activities
- The combination of trade and propaganda helps to increase the interest of the community, thereby raising awareness and promoting the booth
- The capital of households is still limited
- Awareness of local problems is formed over a long period of time
- Tourism development leads to a large number of tourists coming to visit, the discovery will affect the living habits of creatures
- Reach a wide audience in the communit
- Create a stable source of income, improve the livelihoods of
- Economic restructuring in the buffer zone may cause people to not be able to adapt
- The average loan level is not high, limiting the production households and improve the quality of life
- Improve the capacity of local communities to adapt to impacts affecting livelihoods
- Enhance responsibility for biodiversity conservation in the
- Favorable development of local economic sectors, social stability
Building a community that develops awareness, skills and quality of life
- Towards the development and promotion of tourism, education and propaganda of the cultures and beliefs of the local people development ability of the households
- The tendency of the crowd to disagree leads to objections from many households
- It is difficult to maintain good results if people's thinking and awareness are not ingrained
The SWOT analysis of the proposed solutions reveals inherent limitations and potential ineffectiveness Socio-economic improvements and awareness-raising among native communities about diversity conservation require sustained efforts rather than immediate results This proposal emphasizes the need for collaboration between the government and local communities in renovation and communication strategies Despite these challenges, the strengths and opportunities identified in the proposals remain promising for effective decision-making.
Expanding connectivity will enable businesses to operate effectively in forest environments for tourism development, attracting both domestic and international tourists for visits, studies, and relaxation This initiative is expected to significantly boost tourism revenue.
- The implementation of ecotourism projects will help local socio-economic development, create jobs for local people through participating in tourism activities, providing services near ecotourism areas
- Deploying production models suitable to the locality to help create a stable source of income and reduce financial concerns for low-income households
- The era of technology and modernization helps the media reach a large number of people, so raising awareness will be easier
- When the economy develops, people's income increases and becomes more stable, cultural life, material and spiritual life is improved, and people's awareness level will be raised
Raising public awareness through education and communication is crucial for minimizing environmental harm These initiatives focus on providing clear information and fostering positive changes in attitudes and behaviors towards the environment.
Raising awareness is a time-intensive process that requires significant investment To achieve optimal efficiency, it is essential to engage the enthusiasm of organizers and secure the attention and cooperation of stakeholders Promoting community involvement is crucial for the successful conservation of biodiversity.
To enhance community engagement and improve livelihoods in the buffer zone, it is essential to develop strategic plans that raise awareness among households about their role in socio-economic development while minimizing negative impacts on the National Park These proposed options are informed by a thorough survey of the local conditions.
Proposed propaganda activities can effectively engage the community, gradually enhancing communication efforts By boosting interest in local events, these initiatives help assess public awareness and facilitate targeted campaigns to elevate understanding and involvement.
Strategies to enhance media effectiveness and communication technologies aim to engage and connect with a broader community audience This initiative ensures that individuals can access information swiftly and effortlessly.
The adoption of community-based tourism production and development models aims to enhance local livelihoods while promoting biodiversity conservation A key challenge for management is sustaining effective outcomes through these initiatives This is particularly crucial in fostering awareness of biodiversity conservation amidst the ongoing pressures of daily life, which can often lead communities to revert to outdated mindsets that disregard environmental stewardship.
Proposing innovative solutions has transformed income generation for individuals in the buffer zone, extending beyond traditional mining jobs By enhancing their awareness and improving their skills in production and business investment, they can increase their quality of life while minimizing the use of natural resources.
Raising awareness and improving livelihoods for local communities is a gradual process, necessitating that support projects extend their operational duration to achieve lasting and sustainable outcomes To effectively enhance the quality of life for households classified as poor within the buffer zone, it is crucial to implement activities that provide immediate and tangible benefits to the local population.
Regularly conducting analytical studies on the strategies and effectiveness of conservation awareness campaigns is essential This process helps individuals understand the social impacts on the environment and equips them with methods and data to enhance their lives through the rational and sustainable use of natural resources.
Households involved in the training course should embrace experiential learning and invest in production to enhance their livelihoods Meanwhile, those not participating should observe and adopt the successful production practices of the participating households Additionally, local residents are encouraged to save the revenues generated from the project's support for reinvestment in future endeavors.
To ensure successful activity implementation, it is essential to consult the NP Management Board, relevant authorities at all levels, and local communities This collaboration fosters unity and creates optimal conditions for achieving positive outcomes.
4 Decree No 156/2018/ND-CP dated November 16, 2018 of the Government detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Forestry;
5 Decision No 124/2012/QD-TTg dated February 2, 2012 of the Prime Minister approving the master plan on development of production of agriculture and forestry up to 2020 and vision to 2030
6 Decision No 149/QD-TTg dated January 28, 2022 of the Prime Minister approving the national strategy on biodiversity to 2030, with a vision to 2050
7 Decision No 299/QD-UBND dated January 28, 2015 of Lam Dong Provincial People's Committee approving the results of forest inventory in Lam Dong province in
Bùi Xuân Trường và cộng sự (2020) đã biên soạn "Sổ tay giáo dục truyền thông bảo tồn động vật hoang dã", xuất bản bởi Nhà xuất bản Lao động, trang 24-25 Đặng Văn Thanh (2009) nghiên cứu về tác động của dự án duy trì và phát triển bền vững sinh kế của người dân vùng đệm Vườn quốc gia Tam Đảo tại Vĩnh Phúc trong luận văn thạc sĩ kinh tế của mình tại Đại học Thái Nguyên.